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on Economics of Strategic Management |
| By: | Ruben Fotso (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] - Université de Lyon - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | When it comes to evaluating the causal effect of public policies on corporate performance, most studies tend toexclusively focus on targeted (treated) firms as if they have no relationship to the rest of the economy. Yet, public policies are highly likely to indirectly influence non-targeted firms due to the relationships they have with the targeted firms. This paper aims to fill this gap by evaluating the indirect causal effect of a new French science-industry transfer policy on the financial and employment variables of non-targeted companies. To do so, it focuses on French Technological Research Institutes (TRIs) which are science-industry collaborations based on technological platforms that bring together SMEs, large companies, universities and public research bodies with the goal of accelerating the transfer of knowledge towards firms and generating spillovers inside and outside the scheme. Based on geographical economics literature, it can be assumed that indirect effects tend to be spatially concentrated. By comparing a local untreated company to a non-local untreated company, therefore, using a difference-indifferences method applied to panel data (2008-2016) and combined with a double matching at the department level (NUTS 3) and at the firm level, it can be seen that non-beneficiary companies, located in the treated French department significantly improve their financial performance (turnover, financial autonomy) compared to control companies located in the control departments. The dynamics of employment variables are a little more complex. A negative significant effect is observed on the proportion of managers at the beginning of treatment and a positive significant effect is noticed later at the end of the period of observation. Analysis of the dynamics of the effects indicates that performance does not improve immediately after the treatment but later in time. |
| Keywords: | Indirect effect,impact evaluation,difference-in-differences approach,SMEs,spillovers |
| Date: | 2020–11–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-02998262&r=all |
| By: | Konstantinos Dellis |
| Abstract: | Foreign direct investment (FDI) has grown strongly as a major form of international capital transfer over the past decades. Countries all over the world compete for direct investment flows, as they are considered less volatile than portfolio investment and are expected to spur long-term growth. The attraction of FDI flows depends inter alia on a number of host country attributes, including macroeconomic, geographical, and institutional variables. Additionally, the extent to which FDI inflows contribute to domestic productivity and long-term growth is conditional on characteristics that shape a countryÕs absorptive capacity. This paper uses country-level data from OECD economies over the 2005-2016 period to empirically gauge the effect that FDI inflows have on recipient country productivity and innovative performance. Furthermore, it examines the potential of threshold effects regarding the development of the host economy financial system insofar as the latter is considered a conducive force for spillover effects. In the vein of the trade-growth literature we measure the effect of the foreign R&D stock weighted by bilateral capital goods imports and FDI flows looking at Total Factor Productivity and Patents per population at the economy-level. The results indicate that the depth and efficiency of the destination country financial system provides a mediation mechanism for the realization of positive externalities associated with MNC presence. Most of the financial variables appear to facilitate knowledge spillovers above a certain threshold value irrespective of that being exogenously or endogenously determined. Finally, this exercise yields fruitful policy lessons for Greek economy. More specifically, the ongoing process of restructuring the stressed domestic financial system combined with the incremental completion of the Banking and Capital Markets Union at the EU level could serve as a conduit for speeding the catch-up process to the technological frontier. |
| Keywords: | Foreign direct investment, productivity, innovation |
| Date: | 2020–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hel:greese:154&r=all |
| By: | Manon Enjolras (ERPI - Equipe de Recherche sur les Processus Innovatifs - UL - Université de Lorraine); Mauricio Camargo (ERPI - Equipe de Recherche sur les Processus Innovatifs - UL - Université de Lorraine); Christophe Schmitt (CEREFIGE - Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises - UL - Université de Lorraine) |
| Abstract: | A large number of studies have demonstrated the strong influence of and correlation between innovation and export activities as key factors of the firm's competitiveness. However, these two activities have usually been considered independently of each other in terms of management and support. This paper relies on the characterization of a conceptual innovation/export common space representing the synergistic effects between these two activities. A hybrid AHP/Flowsort MCDM-methodology is proposed in order to model this common space through the evaluation of a framework of joint practices related simultaneously to the innovation and export capabilities of SMEs. The relevance of this methodology is tested through the design of a decision-making tool applied to a French exporting and innovative SME. This case study opens up further research perspectives and points to areas for improvement in the evaluation of SMEs' capabilities. |
| Keywords: | SMEs,Innovation,Export,Synergies,Multicriteria analysis,Decision-Making,AHP,Flowsort |
| Date: | 2020–10–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03000609&r=all |
| By: | Jayasooriya, Sujith |
| Abstract: | Roles of technology, innovation and finance in Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) sector for economic development process is critical in emerging Asia. Growth, innovation, and productivity enhancement of the SME sector is always limited, and not up to its potential in Asia; Sri Lankan SME sector is not deviated from this dilemma. The paper discusses the case of project in economic enterprises development services and its approaches in supply-side management of SMEs in Sri Lanka. A baseline evaluation survey of 1200 SMEs was conducted to identify the potential and constrains for the supply side of the SMEs to promote technology adoption, innovation and financing in line with the national SME sector development policies. The results are discussed in three distinguished theses: (i) Enabling role of the technology and finance: creating enabling environment for the smooth procedures, capacity building, venture capital, financial development and banks, credit to the private sector and loans; (ii) Facilitative role of the finance and technology: application of technology and adaptation to the skill development and connections, information flow, and financial capacity; (iii) Innovative role of the finance and technology: microfinance, microinsurance, and transactions. The evidences show that lack of access to finance and technology demotes capacity building and skill training, information flow, business environment and networking of the SMEs. Hence, integrative solutions of finance and technology increase management of risks, adoption and enhanced networking for the enterprise development. These two pillars, technology and finance, become catalyst in the supply-side of the SMEs. Provoking business environment through technology adoption and financial sector development policies improving human capital, entrepreneurship and innovation enhance the performance of SMEs to thrive sustainable growth and development. |
| Keywords: | Business Environment, Finance, Innovation, SMEs, Technology |
| JEL: | L26 L53 O14 O31 O32 |
| Date: | 2020–11–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:104412&r=all |
| By: | Chiara Bocci; Annalisa Caloffi; Marco Mariani; Alessandro Sterlacchini |
| Abstract: | We conduct an extensive meta-regression analysis of counterfactual programme evaluations from Italy, considering both published and grey literature on enterprise and innovation policies. We specify a multilevel model for the probability of finding positive effect estimates, also assessing correlation possibly induced by co-authorship networks. We find that the probability of positive effects is considerable, especially for weaker firms and outcomes that are directly targeted by public programmes. However, these policies are less likely to trigger change in the long run. |
| Date: | 2020–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2006.01880&r=all |
| By: | Dellis, Konstantinos |
| Abstract: | Foreign direct investment (FDI) has grown strongly as a major form of international capital transfer over the past decades. Countries all over the world compete for direct investment flows, as they are considered less volatile than portfolio investment and are expected to spur long-term growth. The attraction of FDI flows depends inter alia on a number of host country attributes, including macroeconomic, geographical, and institutional variables. Additionally, the extent to which FDI inflows contribute to domestic productivity and long-term growth is conditional on characteristics that shape a country’s absorptive capacity. This paper uses country-level data from OECD economies over the 2005-2016 period to empirically gauge the effect that FDI inflows have on recipient country productivity and innovative performance. Furthermore, it examines the potential of threshold effects regarding the development of the host economy financial system insofar as the latter is considered a conducive force for spillover effects. In the vein of the trade-growth literature we measure the effect of the foreign R&D stock weighted by bilateral capital goods imports and FDI flows looking at Total Factor Productivity and Patents per population at the economy-level. The results indicate that the depth and efficiency of the destination country financial system provides a mediation mechanism for the realization of positive externalities associated with MNC presence. Most of the financial variables appear to facilitate knowledge spillovers above a certain threshold value irrespective of that being exogenously or endogenously determined. Finally, this exercise yields fruitful policy lessons for Greek economy. More specifically, the ongoing process of restructuring the stressed domestic financial system combined with the incremental completion of the Banking and Capital Markets Union at the EU level could serve as a conduit for speeding the catch-up process to the technological frontier. |
| JEL: | F3 G3 N0 |
| Date: | 2020–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:107882&r=all |
| By: | Jann Lay; Tevin Tafese |
| Abstract: | Using a firm-level panel dataset on private small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Viet Nam's manufacturing sector, this paper examines productivity dynamics of formal and informal firms. We decompose productivity changes into changes within and between formal and informal firms. We assess the contributions of firm entry and exit as well as informal-formal transitions. Our results show that productivity is considerably lower and misallocation more prevalent in the informal than in the formal sector. |
| Keywords: | formalization, Productivity, Firm productivity, Viet Nam, Misallocation |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp-2020-164&r=all |
| By: | Calogero Guccio (Department of Economics and Business, University of Catania); Marco Ferdinando Martorana (Department of Economics and Business, University of Catania); Isidoro Mazza (Department of Economics and Business, University of Catania); Giacomo Pignataro (Department of Economics and Business, University of Catania); Ilde Rizzo (Department of Economics and Business, University of Catania) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the influence of information and communication technologies (ICT) on the efficiency in attracting visitors of Italian museums. Notwithstanding the extensive literature on museum performance measurement, the analysis of the role of technological innovation is relatively neglected. As a first attempt to fill this lacuna, this study presents a two-stage analysis of a novel sample of Italian state-owned museums built by merging information drawn from different sources. In the first stage, we use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and bootstrapping technique to measure the efficiency of museums. In the second stage, we use a bootstrap truncated regression approach to test the extent to which different forms of ICT affect museum efficiency. We distinguish the ICT investments into in situ and online services, since the former improve the visitors’ experience on site, while the latter can prepare for the visit or, even, be a substitute of the visit. The results reveal that the use of ICT is generally associated with better performances but in situ services shows to play a major role. |
| Keywords: | museums; ICT; technological innovation; efficiency; Data Envelopment Analysis; bootstrap truncated regression |
| JEL: | C14 C61 I21 Z1 |
| Date: | 2020–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cue:wpaper:awp-01-2020&r=all |
| By: | Jens Horbach (Faculty of Business, University of Applied Sciences Augsburg) |
| Abstract: | Eco-innovation activities are crucial for the mitigation of climate change and further envi-ronmental problems. Start-up firms might play an important role for this relatively new in-novation field as they are predestinated for realizing completely new ideas compared to in-cumbent firms that are not willing to abandon their established innovation paths. On the oth-er side, start-ups have limited resources and need external regionally available input of knowledge. Based on data of the German IAB/ZEW Start-up Panel in combination with re-gional data at the NUTS 3 level, the paper analyzes the determinants of eco-innovation in start-up firms. The econometric results show that regional spill-over effects seem to be very important for eco-innovation activities of start-up firms. In regions where the existing stock of environmentally related patents is already high, the probability that a start-up firm realiz-es eco-innovations is significantly higher. Furthermore, eco-innovative start-ups show dis-proportionally more difficulties to get financing from external investors. |
| Keywords: | Regional spill-over effects, environmental innovation, probit models |
| JEL: | Q55 R11 C25 |
| Date: | 2020–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:srt:wpaper:1620&r=all |
| By: | Ruben Fotso (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] - Université de Lyon - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | This objective of this paper is to evaluate and examine the impact of technological platforms used as technology transfer tools on the financial and employment variables of SMEs. To do so, it considers the French Technological Research Institute (TRI) known as "Nanoelec", which is an interdisciplinary thematic institute which uses technological platforms to accelerate the transfer of innovation in companies. Using a matched difference-indifference approach with the individual effects on panel data observed over the 2008-2016 period, empirical analysis shows that the TRI had a homogenous and significant effect on equity but no effect on employment variables. When cross-referenced against the length of participation in the TRI however, more heterogenous results emerged, showing that the TRI had an additional effect on all financial variables (turnover, equity and financial autonomy) and that this effect appears to concentrate on companies which have participated for longer (two to three years). Furthermore, the evaluation shows a clear positive effect on equity and financial autonomy among firms that collaborate with an Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) laboratory and a weak negative effect on net turnover for firms which receive "expertise" type treatment. Additional analysis indicates that the type of treatment has a more significant role to play than the length of involvement in the TRI. |
| Keywords: | Science-industry relationships,Technological platforms,Difference-in-differences approach,SME,Impact evaluation |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-02998309&r=all |