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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2018‒12‒10
nine papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Tommaso Agasisti (Politecnico di Milano School of Management); Aleksei Egorov (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Daria Zinchenko (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Oleg Leshukov (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses the link between the efficiency of regional higher education systems and the rates of regional economic development between 2012 and 2015 in Russia. The efficiency scores are calculated at the institutional level using a double-bootstrap data envelopment analysis (DEA) procedure, taking into account the different internal characteristics of universities which may affect their production process, and the scores are then aggregated at the regional level. We formulate a regional economic growth model that considers the efficiency of regional higher education systems as one of the explanatory variables. As an econometric method, we employ a robust GMM estimator. The model also includes spatial interactions between regional economies and between regional higher education systems in neighboring regions. The findings highlight a positive, substantial and statistically significant effect of HEI efficiency on the regional economic growth rate. We also found negative spillover effects indicating that efficient regional higher education systems may extract resources from neighboring regions |
| Keywords: | Regional economic development; efficiency in higher education; knowledge spillovers; economic growth; Russia. |
| JEL: | I25 I21 E02 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:203/ec/2018&r=cse |
| By: | Paul Igwe (University of Lincoln); Chioma Vivienne Nwokoro (Eastern Palm University) |
| Abstract: | This article examines the innovation in the offshore renewable energy (ORE) industry using Open Innovation System (OIS), platforms and network perspective. Despite the benefits of ORE, Operation and Maintenance (O&M) costs account for up to one-third of total wind energy project lifecycle expenditure requiring relationships with multiple external partners to improve the supply chain and O&M activities. Therefore, management of the O&M activities of the supply chain and logistics has become an excellent place to drive efficiency and reduce cost thereby creating innovative products and services, business clusters and job opportunities. Findings show how strategic resources help offshore companies to reduce cost and achieve environmental, economic and social benefit derived from ORE. The OIS is used to explain the importance of new resources in technology, knowledge sharing and relationships, and stresses the role of stakeholders in addressing the challenges. The limitation of this study is related to reliance on secondary data. However, it provided an opportunity to elaborate on OIS theory and reinforces the importance of knowledge sharing, collaboration and network advantage. Overall, this provided insights into the constituent resources needed for successful OIS, regional entrepreneurship and helps move renewable energy research from a technological advancement challenges to a problem of strategic resources and relational capabilities. |
| Keywords: | Open Innovation System, Regional Entrepreneurship, Dynamic Capabilities, Renewable Energy |
| JEL: | Q55 R38 Q28 |
| Date: | 2018–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:6810091&r=cse |
| By: | Deng, H. |
| Abstract: | This study evaluates the impact of Chinese government policies on private R&D investment in biotechnology. We apply survey data from 160 major agribusinesses to analyze the effects of various factors on firm R&D activities. Our findings provide evidence of inducement effects of government policy on firms R&D investment. Significant drivers of Chinese agribusiness firms decisions to invest in biotechnology R&D are public R&D subsidies, owning patents by firms, selling biotechnology products, and expectations of positive profit from commercialization of biotechnology crops. Firms collaboration with universities has no significant impact. Government R&D subsidies also significantly increase firms' biotechnology R&D investment spending. Acknowledgement : We thank the MOA, Seed Industry Association, and Agricultural Department of Zhejiang Province for helping with data collection. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71210004).This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71210004). |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:277117&r=cse |
| By: | Karbowski, Adam; Prokop, Jacek |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of R&D cartel, full industry cartel, and patents on process innovation of companies, and consumer surplus, and total welfare. The reference scenario is here the Cournot rivalry without patent protection of inventions. In this paper, the quadratic costs of production of goods and R&D investments are assumed. The results of modelling and numerical analyses allowed to state that R&D cooperation (in the form of R&D cartel) is more effective and socially preferred instrument to stimulate innovation in the industry than interfirm rivalry motivated by patents. However, in industries characterized by relatively weak or medium knowledge spillovers, the most effective tool to enhance innovation is interfirm rivalry without patents. The latter constitutes one more argument against patents. |
| Keywords: | research and development; patents; cartels; Cournot competition; quadratic costs |
| JEL: | L1 O3 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:90181&r=cse |
| By: | Sadovska, V. |
| Abstract: | The sustainable value framework (Hart and Milstein, 2003) allows conducting a diagnostics of a firm regarding its strategies for the creation of sustainable business value. We have applied this instrument to the field of agricultural business. The analysis of literature made it possible to identify activities that source value creation for agricultural enterprises. The activities were grouped into six topics, namely collaboration, diversification, product identity, distribution channels, knowledge and innovations, changes in production. Applying the sustainable value framework to locate these six topics allowed drawing the conclusions that agricultural enterprises are successful in pursuing business strategies in near-term perspective in both internal and external dimensions, while long-term oriented strategies such as innovativeness, knowledge acquisition and collaborations with external stakeholders are out of the radar of agricultural enterprises. These conclusions lead to the need to explore what agricultural enterprises require in order to create sustainable value in all segments of the framework. Acknowledgement : |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaae18:276984&r=cse |
| By: | Koçak, Emrah |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the influence of institutional quality on innovation performance in developing countries by employing annual data from 1997-2014. The system-generalized method of moments (GMM) is used as the empirical method. Estimation results reveal that bureaucratic quality, government stability, democratic accountability, and law and order indicators that represent institutional quality have had a positive influence on innovation performance. These results indicate that improving the institutional structure in the developing countries would have a significant contribution to the innovation process and hence economic development |
| Keywords: | Institutions, Innovation, Panel data, System-GMM. |
| JEL: | D02 O43 Q55 |
| Date: | 2017–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:90299&r=cse |
| By: | Judit Ricz (Institute of World Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Hungarian Academy of Sciences) |
| Abstract: | Outward Foreign Direct Investments (OFDI) from Emerging Multinational Enterprises (EMNEs) is a rather recent phenomenon that has significantly changed the patterns of the international capital markets, with important consequences also for the host countries’ economies. On the global scene Brazil was among the new significant emerging foreign investors, that has shown impressive investment growth in the 2000s. This paper investigates the host country determinants of Brazilian OFDI, with mainly (though not exclusively) focusing on the East Central European (ECE) region. Besides empirical interest on the main locational determinants of Brazilian FDI, we are also interested in the more theoretically oriented question whether Brazilian foreign investments follow the patterns of the established theories on FDI motivations. |
| Keywords: | Brazil, OFDI, internationalization, multilatinas, EMNEs, pull factors, homecountry determinants, East Central European region |
| JEL: | F21 F2 G11 O54 P12 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iwe:workpr:246&r=cse |
| By: | Luzaan Hamilton (North West University); Clarise Mostert (North West University) |
| Abstract: | Entrepreneurship are regarded as a key element in fostering economic growth and job creation. However, growth of a country?s economy rely on developing future leaders with the right skills and knowledge to be entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurial knowledge and skills are key attributes for students if they consider self-employment. In South Africa entrepreneurship is common in higher education, however young individuals in South Africa urgently need to be trained, educated and equipped with the necessary entrepreneurial knowledge and skills to foster an entrepreneurial activity in their complex environment. The purpose of this paper is to determine students at a South African HEI perception of their level of entrepreneurial knowledge and skills. A descriptive research design approach was followed. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from a convenience sample of 338 students at a South African public HEI situated in the Gauteng Province. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, reliability and validity analysis and a one-sample t-test. The findings infer that at this specific HEI, students feel they have the necessary knowledge and skills to be entrepreneurial. This study contributes by implementing initiatives to equip students with the knowledge and skills they may lack in becoming active individuals in economic growth. |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurial knowledge, Entrepreneurial skills, Students, Higher education institutions, South Africa |
| JEL: | I25 M21 M29 |
| Date: | 2018–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:6709826&r=cse |
| By: | Joaquím Cuevas (Universidad de Valencia, Spain); Pablo Martín-Aceña (Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Spain); María Ángeles Pons (Universidad de Valencia, Spain) |
| Abstract: | Since the 1990s, BBVA and Banco Santander have undergone a huge transformation; they have gone from being two of the largest Spanish banks to two of the world’s biggest. Although the internationalisation process intensified from the 1990s on, some of the banks that were merged to form BBVA and Banco Santander had a previous history of internationalisation. This paper addresses two main issues. Firstly, we explore why Spanish banks internationalise and why Latin America has been the main region of expansion for these two banks. Secondly, we examine how Spanish banks internationalise and how BBVA and Santander adopted different internationalisation strategies. To that end, the paper examines the roots of international expansion and explains the main changes occurring in the 1990s that encouraged the internationalisation process of both banks. |
| Keywords: | Spain, Financial history, Banks, Globalisation, Market entry |
| JEL: | F23 G21 M16 N20 |
| Date: | 2018–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ahe:dtaehe:1809&r=cse |