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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2018‒03‒05
nine papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Michele Cincera; Gilles Eric Fombasso Toyem |
| Abstract: | While the benefits of innovative activities are universally acknowledged, current research on how and when governments should intervene to assist firms still has substantial knowledge gaps. In this paper, we consider two forms of government intervention, namely EUREKA network and cluster technological collaborative projects, and assess their impact on the performance of beneficiary firms over the period 2005-2015. The methodology implemented consists in comparing the beneficiaries of projects (which are typically R&D SMEs) with a similar control group, using the difference-in-differences estimation technique. We find that beneficiaries of both network and cluster projects have created on average more jobs and have increased their sales more than non-funded firms over the period of study. We also find that smaller R&D consortia (i.e. network projects) have a positive and greater influence in terms of commercialisation, whereas bigger consortia (i.e. cluster projects) have a positive and greater influence in terms of employment growth. In general, projects of shorter duration (i.e. from one to two years) are those showing the best outcomes compared to projects of longer duration (i.e. from three to seven years). |
| Keywords: | EUREKA programme, R&D SMEs, Counterfactual analysis, Diff-in-diff estimation, Employment growth, Turnover growth |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ict:wpaper:2013/267672&r=cse |
| By: | Herte, Anamaria Diana |
| Abstract: | Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are considered as being the engine of the European economy. They lead to job creation and economic growth, guaranteeing social stability. Nine out of ten enterprises are SMEs, which generate two out of three new jobs. SMEs also stimulate entrepreneurship and innovation, and are therefore very important for boosting competitiveness and employment. Given their importance to Europe's economy, SMEs are a major objective of the European Union's policy. The European Commission has as its major aim to promote entrepreneurship and improve the business environment for SMEs by enabling them to fully realize their potential in today's globalized economy by giving them the opportunity to access funds through various programs. This paper contains some definitions and interpretations of SMEs and start-ups and aims to outline their importance in the contemporary economy as well as their support policies. |
| Keywords: | SMEs; Start-up concepts and policies, EU, Romania |
| JEL: | E60 M21 |
| Date: | 2017–11–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:84174&r=cse |
| By: | Pietro Moncada-Paterno-Castello (European Commission - JRC); Alex Coad (CENTRUM Católica Graduate Business School, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Perú); Antonio Vezzani (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | - EU R&D and innovation performance largely depends on industrial specialisation. - The EU needs a long-term strategy to foster industrial competitiveness. - A framework for designing a new transformative industry & innovation policy is proposed. |
| Keywords: | R&I, Innovation Policy, Industrial Policy, Innovation. |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc110888&r=cse |
| By: | Chiara Burlina |
| Abstract: | This study investigates a particular type of network, the inter-firm network (IFN), and its impact on performances of Italian firms between 2010-2015. After revising the literature on alliances and networks for what concerns the geographical and industrial dimension, I focus my attention on networks’ performance and innovation propensity. The empirical analysis, based on a sample of about 4,000 firms, is divided in two parts: firstly, applying a “differencein- difference” technique, is tested the impact of being in an IFN; secondly, focusing on year 2013, are measured the different effects of IFN characteristics. Results demonstrate that belonging to an IFN has a positive impact on firms’ growth. Moreover, industry heterogeneity of members and internationalisation scope (rather than innovation) turn out to be the main factors increasing firm’s profitability and economic growth. |
| Keywords: | Inter-firm network, Alliances, Performance, Difference-in-Difference, Innovation. |
| JEL: | C3 L25 P25 R12 |
| Date: | 2018–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pad:wpaper:0216&r=cse |
| By: | Koki Oikawa |
| Abstract: | This paper has two objectives. One is to survey previous studies concerning indicators of technological proximity and distance to identify technological relationships between firms, particularly in terms of spillovers of technology and knowledge. The other objective is to reexamine the spillover effect in research and development by combining the traditional technological proximity with a measurement of within-field technological relationships, which is based on patent citation overlaps. I find that the average technological proximity is increasing over these three decades in the United States and within-field technological proximity shows sizable variations, and that the spillover effect is underestimated unless the changes in within- field proximities are taken into account.Length: 27 pages |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tcr:wpaper:e114&r=cse |
| By: | Italo A. Gutierrez; Oswaldo Molina |
| Abstract: | Titling programs have focused mostly on providing initial tenure security and have not properly addressed maintaining the formality of future property transactions. Our data indicates that properties become de-regularized due to unregistered transactions in urban slums, which threatens to undo the success of the titling program in the long run. We exploit a natural experiment provided by the elimination of a streamlined registration system targeted for the poor residents in Peru to identify how costly and burdensome registration policies can increase de-regularization. Our analysis indicated that the elimination of such a system led to a significant reduction in the probability of registering transactions, including those that involved a change in ownership. Overall, our findings stress the necessity of building specific components aimed at maintaining properties formal into the design of urban titling programs. |
| Keywords: | titling programs, registration, property transactions, property rights, natural experiment, Peru |
| JEL: | P14 O18 R20 R28 K0 |
| Date: | 2016–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ran:wpaper:wr-1156-1&r=cse |
| By: | Rasmané Ouedraogo; Elodie Marlet |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on gender development and gender inequality. In fact, FDI through increased labor demand, technological spillovers but mostly through corporate social responsibility and economic growth, can potentially influence women’s welfare. Using a panel dataset of 94 developing countries from 1990 to 2015, we find that FDI inflows improve women’s welfare and decrease gender inequality. However, the impact is lower in countries where women have low access to resources and face a heavier burden to open a business. This suggests that for countries to fully benefit from FDI inflows, they should ensure that women can enjoy free access to the labor market and associated income. |
| Date: | 2018–01–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:18/25&r=cse |
| By: | Koki Oikawa; Minoru Kitahara |
| Abstract: | We construct a new method to describe firm distributions within technology fields and investigate the relationship between those distributions and aggregate innovation. To locate firms on a technology space, we apply multidimensional scaling for the inter-firm technological dissimilarity matrices that are computed from patent citation overlaps among firms using the NBER US patent dataset. Our estimated firm distributions show increasing trends in technological distance and polarization on average, where we follow Duclos, Esteban and Ray (2004) to measure polarization. We construct a model of inter-group competition in which polarization stimulates aggregate R&D. The model fits data before 1990 but the impact of polarization is reversed after that. We attribute the structural change to the major patent reform in the United States in 1980s. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tcr:wpaper:e113&r=cse |
| By: | Barrios, Fernando; Forero, Clemente; Perry, Guillermo |
| Abstract: | We evaluate the impact of public financial support, both subsidies and credit, on different types of innovation in Colombian industry. We compare it with the effects of financing innovation with own resources and with private loans, and analyze the issue of crowding-out, for different classes of innovation. To control for potential selection bias, we apply Propensity Score Matching (PSM) techniques to a sample of 9173 manufacturing firms for the period 2011-2012, combining data from two available sources (Development and Technological Innovation Survey –EDIT6- and Annual Manufacturing Survey –EAM-). Results show that public financial support has a significant positive effect on products new for the international market and on process innovations. We further find that allocation of own resources of the firm to innovation activities has a positive effect on a wide variety of forms of innovation. Notwithstanding, its impact is substantially smaller than that of public funding in the cases of products new for the international market and on new processes. Commercial loans for innovation activities have no significant effects on either product or process innovations. Finally, we find that public funding increases the probability of allocating own resources to finance innovation activities, but reduces the probability of using private external sources. |
| Keywords: | Desarrollo, Economía, Finanzas públicas, Investigación socioeconómica, Sector financiero, |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dbl:dblwop:1159&r=cse |