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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2017‒06‒25
fifteen papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Yomna Mustafa Sameer (Faculty of Management Technology, The German University in Cairo); Sandra Ohly (Faculty of Business Sciences, University of Kassel) |
| Abstract: | Despite increasing importance of fostering innovation among employees, and the growing interest in Positive Organizational Behavior (POB) constructs, little empirical research has been conducted on the topic of innovation with POB. Moreover, though research proved significant relationship between positive psychological capital (PsyCap) and creative performance, no studies examined PsyCap with innovative behavior along with other antecedents. In addition, potential differential antecedents of innovative behavior have received insufficient attention. The present study integrated a number of streams of research on the antecedents of innovation and creativity to develop and test a model of innovative behavior. Regression analyses reveal that PsyCap, work characteristics, personal initiative, supportive climate, strategic attention and creative behavior predict innovative behavior which in turn affects satisfaction and engagement. |
| Keywords: | none |
| Date: | 2017–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:guc:wpaper:45&r=cse |
| By: | Aaron Chatterji |
| Abstract: | Economists have long believed education is essential to the acquisition of human capital and contributes to economic growth. However, education researchers, political and business leaders and other stakeholders have raised concerns about the quality and costs of the K-12 education system in the United States and the implications for the development of the nation’s future workforce. Some of these groups have called for more innovation in K-12 education, leveraging technology in the classroom and experimenting with different organizing models for schools, both as a means to lower costs and increase quality. To shed light on the prospects of this approach, I review the economics literature at the intersection between innovation and K-12 education from two different, but related, perspectives. First, I summarize the evidence about the efficacy of technological and other kinds of innovation in the classroom. Second, I discuss the state of research on how the American K-12 system influences the production of innovators and entrepreneurs. In both instances, I identify implications for policy and opportunities for future research to generate actionable insights, particularly around increasing the low levels of research and development in the education sector. |
| JEL: | H52 I20 I21 I28 O30 O32 O38 |
| Date: | 2017–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23531&r=cse |
| By: | Kuzyk Mikhail (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy); Zudin N. (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy); Simachev Yuri (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy) |
| Abstract: | In the modern world, close interaction and productive cooperation between business companies, scientific research centers and universities plays a very important role in ensuring sustainable economic development. According to the evolutionary theory, innovation is produced by the interaction of various components of a national innovative system responsible for the distribution and practical application of new knowledge that can be put to economic use. |
| Keywords: | Russian economy, R&D, science, technology |
| JEL: | O31 O32 O3 I28 I2 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gai:ppaper:ppaper-2017-297&r=cse |
| By: | Kamata, Isao; Sato, Hitoshi; Tanaka, Kiyoyasu |
| Abstract: | This study examines the role of management practices in the internationalisation of domestic firms through directly exporting and/or supplying to local affiliates of multinationals. An original survey of manufacturing firms in Viet Nam was conducted, investigating their management practices such as human resource management and internationalisation status. The survey results shed light on similarities and dissimilarities among firms in several dimensions of management practices. We found that internationalised firms tended to be more enthusiastic about the formal training of production workers, the modernisation of production and operation, and product and process innovation. Differences in skills and experience requirements for newly employed managers were less recognisable, but internationalised firms tended to have managers who studied overseas. Furthermore, the use of public support to employee training, teamwork in production, and unionisation of employees did not show a significant difference between internationalised and non-internationalised firms. |
| Keywords: | Industrial management,Business enterprises,Globalization,Management Practices,Firm Heterogeneity,Global Value Chains |
| JEL: | F23 F61 M11 M50 |
| Date: | 2017–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jet:dpaper:dpaper658&r=cse |
| By: | Malginov Georgiy (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy); Sternik Gennady (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy); Sternik Sergey (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy) |
| Abstract: | The paper deals with the issues of price dynamics on residential property on secondary and primary markets. |
| Keywords: | Russian economy, residential property prices, housing market, housing construction |
| JEL: | K11 H82 L32 L33 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gai:ppaper:ppaper-2017-284&r=cse |
| By: | Vincent Van Roy (European Commission - JRC); Daniel Nepelski (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | High-tech entrepreneurship is one of the main means by which new knowledge and technologies are converted into economic and social benefits. This report analyses the levels and determinants of high-tech entrepreneurship across European countries. To this end, it uses country-level data on high- and low-tech total early-stage entrepreneurial activity provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Panel data estimations for the period 2007-2014 reveal that EU Member States with better access to finance, less bureaucracy, more consistent policy regimes, favourable entrepreneurship education, and qualitative intellectual property rights that lower patent thicketing strategies exhibit a higher proportion of high-tech firm creation. In addition, greater technological density is associated with a higher rate of high-tech entrepreneurship creation, suggesting beneficial influences of path-dependency and agglomeration effects. |
| Keywords: | ecosystem; financial; growth; ICT; indicator; innovation; policy; research; industry |
| Date: | 2017–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc104865&r=cse |
| By: | Andrea Éltető (Institute of World Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Hungarian Academy of Sciences) |
| Abstract: | European small and medium-sized enterprises were severely hit by the international crisis of 2008 and export activity – as a form of internationalisation - was an important component of the recovery. This paper concentrates on the post-crisis period of the Iberian, Baltic and Visegrád countries. As for born global firms have spread and these countries are strongly involved in global production networks, the theory of international new ventures and the network approach can especially be appropriate for them. The significance of SMEs in employment, value added and export and their pace of recovery is different in the three regions. Apart from the structural rearrangements in exporting enterprises, the geographical direction of exports has also changed temporarily towards non-EU markets after the crisis. Based on existing enterprise surveys the second part of the article focuses on the export enhancing and hindering factors in the post-crisis period. Overall, product features and manager attitude proved to be the most important in export competitiveness. Lack of finance and contacts, strong foreign competition and high market entry costs are the leading export barriers for SMEs. |
| Keywords: | SMEs, export, export barriers |
| JEL: | F10 |
| Date: | 2017–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iwe:workpr:228&r=cse |
| By: | Andrés Alegría; Kevin Cowan; Pablo García |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the spillovers from the global financial crisis on the cost and structure of crossborder funding of Chilean banks. To do so it uses a novel dataset of individual debt transactions between Chilean banks and their foreign counterparties between 2008 and 2016. We find that global banks that experienced the largest hike in their funding costs charged the highest spreads to Chilean banks in this period. We also find that after the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009 the Chilean banking system underwent a significant shift in its sources of funding, with a larger reliance on bond issuance and a shift to new bank counterparties. We find evidence that distance matters for the cost of crossborder borrowing, as well as the intensity and age of banking relationships. Hence, shifting sources of funding is a costly process, but over time as banking relationships develop with new counterparties, the cost of this shift decreases. |
| Date: | 2017–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chb:bcchwp:804&r=cse |
| By: | MORIKAWA Masayuki |
| Abstract: | This study, using microdata on narrowly-defined service industries, presents empirical findings on the cross-sectional dispersion and time-series volatility of total factor productivity (TFP). The novelty of this study lies in its use of high-frequency, establishment-level panel data to compare the physical measure of productivity (TFPQ) and revenue-based productivity (TFPR) in the service industries. According to the analysis, first, TFPQ and TFPR are highly correlated with each other in terms of cross-section as well as time-series dimensions. Second, the within-industry dispersion of TFPQ is not necessarily larger than that of TFPR, which differs from past studies on the manufacturing sector. Third, TFPQ dispersion is lower when aggregated industry-level TFPQ is higher, and vice versa. Fourth, service producers with highly volatile TFP are less productive. |
| Date: | 2017–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:17088&r=cse |
| By: | Marco Mariani (IRPET – Regional Institute for Economic Planning of Tuscany); Alessandra Mattei (Dipartimento di Statistica, Informatica, Applicazioni "G. Parenti", Università di Firenze); Lorenzo Storchi; Daniele Vignoli (Dipartimento di Statistica, Informatica, Applicazioni "G. Parenti", Università di Firenze) |
| Abstract: | Public support to start-ups often has the dual ambition of fostering self-employment of disadvantaged individuals while nurturing entrepreneurship. In this paper we evaluate a female and youth start-up program recently implemented in Tuscany (Italy), which provides public guarantees and subsidized interest rates to new firms. Under the assumption of strong ignorability of the assignment mechanism, we use a propensity score matching approach to draw inference on causal effects of the program on firms’ survival and job creation. Results suggest that public support in this area may have rather ambiguous effects. It helps females and young people escape unemployment or inactivity, and may lead to further job creation. Unfortunately, all this occurs at the price of committing public resources towards entrepreneurial projects that hardly gain efficiency over time. |
| Keywords: | entrepreneurship, self-employment, program evaluation |
| JEL: | J68 L26 R50 |
| Date: | 2017–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fir:econom:wp2017_04&r=cse |
| By: | Luciano Fanti; Domenico Buccella |
| Abstract: | This paper revisits the strategic trade policy issue by considering a bargaining process over managerial contracts and different firms' organizational structures, that is, either family ownership keeping also the firm's control or atomistic shareholders whose board of directors delegate output choice to managers. We show that, in contrast to the traditional results, a plethora of Nash equilibria emerges and the implementation of trade policies in both countries may be efficient (i.e. national social welfares are higher than under free trade) in the presence of a bargaining process in a sales delegation game, depending on the manager's bargaining power as well as the degree of product competition. |
| Keywords: | Export subsidy/tax; Prisonerâs dilemma; Managerial Delegation; Owner-Manager Bargaining; Cournot duopoly. |
| JEL: | F16 J51 L13 |
| Date: | 2017–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pie:dsedps:2017/215&r=cse |
| By: | Kaitila, Ville |
| Abstract: | We analyse the number of different HS8 products in the EU countries’ ex-ports in 1995–2015. We review what share, or coverage, of the total possible number of these products the countries exported each year. We analyse whether the development in this coverage rate as opposed to concentration of exports as measured by the Her-findahl-Hirschman index is associated with GDP per capita growth. We find that chang-es in the coverage rate relate positively, but that the development of the HH index has no statistically significant relation to economic growth. |
| Keywords: | Exports, export products, GDP growth, EU |
| JEL: | F14 F43 O47 |
| Date: | 2017–06–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rif:wpaper:50&r=cse |
| By: | Yilmaz Kiliçaslan (Anadolu University); Ünal Töngür |
| Abstract: | This study aims to examine the impact of the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on employment generation in the Turkish manufacturing industry. This study is said to be the first attempt in exploring the impact of ICT on employment generation in Turkish manufacturing industry at the firm level. The analysis is based on firm level data obtained from Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) and covers the period from 2003 to 2013. The data used in the analysis includes all firms employing 20 or more employees in Turkish manufacturing industry. Our findings based on system GMM estimations show that ICT has employment-enhancing effects in Turkish manufacturing. Moreover, our results provide the evidence that tangible ICT capital has stronger employment generation impact than that of intangible ICT capital in medium-tech and low-tech industries. |
| Date: | 2017–07–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1120&r=cse |
| By: | Kaitila, Ville |
| Abstract: | We analyse the number of different HS8 products in the EU countries’ exports in 1995–2015. We review what share, or coverage, of the total possible number of these products the countries exported each year. We analyse whether the development in this coverage rate as opposed to concentration of exports as measured by the Herfindahl-Hirschman index is associated with GDP per capita growth. We find that changes in the coverage rate relate positively, but that the development of the HH index has no statistically significant relation to economic growth. |
| Date: | 2017–06–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rif:briefs:60&r=cse |
| By: | Uzun Vasily (RANEPA); Shagaida Natalia (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy) |
| Abstract: | In 2016, record-high yields of grain, including wheat, maize, sunflower, soya and sugar-beet were received. A new record in poultry meat production was set. Despite economic recession, gross agricultural output has been growing in the past few years. Such results are attributed by many experts to the effect of the embargo on imports of food from some countries and import substitution measures. However, neither the embargo nor import substitution was a decisive factor behind growth in agriculture. The most important factors were the interest of the business in developing agriculture, depreciation of the ruble and favorable weather conditions of the past few years. |
| Keywords: | Russian economy, agricultural production |
| JEL: | Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gai:ppaper:ppaper-2017-279&r=cse |