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on Economics of Strategic Management |
| By: | Gaponenko, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Savelyeva, Marina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Changes that have recently taken place in the environment and contributed to the emergence of knowledge economy make it necessary to revise the basic assumptions of management of organizations and territories. Conditions that used to be successful (for example, large-scale production, the performance of all functions within the organization, the availability of significant reserves of natural resources or production capacity of the territories) do not guarantee the desired results today. In the knowledge economy, different qualities of companies, regions and cities come first, namely, adaptability, innovative receptivity, organization of a continuous learning process, knowledge sharing, etc. This is promoted by active globalization, expansion of the sphere of services and knowledge, strengthening of the role of intellectual capital in achieving success by organizations and territories. This paper reveals the essence and main characteristics of a knowledge-based economy, the role of intellectual capital in the development of the knowledge economy, the development of management in the context of the knowledge economy; key factors of competitiveness of commercial organizations, the impact of the knowledge economy on the development of organizations, regions, cities, including megacities; directions for creating the preconditions for the success of organizations and territories in the knowledge economy. |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:041710&r=cse |
| By: | Michael Koch (University of Bayreuth, Germany); Marcel Smolka (Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Denmark) |
| Abstract: | Understanding the effects of foreign direct investment and the behavior of multinational enterprises (MNEs) is a core issue in the study of international economics. We exploit within-firm variation in ownership structure induced by foreign acquisitions in Spain to provide a new angle on the relationship among foreign ownership, technology, and skills. We first develop a model in which heterogeneous firms decide endogenously about the level of technology, the share of high-skilled workers, and the level of worker training. Foreign-owned firms implement better technology than domestically owned firms due to access to foreign markets through the foreign parent. This market size effect, coupled with a technology-skill complementarity, raises the demand for high-skilled workers as well as worker training upon acquisition. The largest productivity gains predicted by the model accrue to those firms that optimally combine better technology with a larger share of high-skilled workers in production and a better trained workforce. We test these predictions on a longitudinal data set of Spanish manufacturing firms. Combining firm fixed effects with a suitable propensity score weighting estimator, we find empirical evidence that foreign-acquired firms, not only increase their technology level, but also engage in skill upgrading upon acquisition (through both hiring and training). Moreover, we show that these changes are driven by the market size effect, and not by changes in the ownership structure per se. Finally, we reveal a technology-skill complementarity in the data implying that the productivity gains associated with better technology are magnified for firms actively engaging in skill upgrading. Overall, our paper provides strong evidence for the notion that foreign MNEs "inject" skill-biased technological change into their affiliated firms. |
| Keywords: | Multinational Enterprises, Mergers and Acquisitions, Skill-biased Technological Change, Worker Training Productivity |
| JEL: | D22 D24 F23 G34 |
| Date: | 2017–05–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aah:aarhec:2017-04&r=cse |
| By: | Jean-Claude Boldrini (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - UN - Université de Nantes); Guy Caverot (société BA Systèmes); Maxime Ezequel (société BA Systèmes) |
| Abstract: | Open innovation has become a major topic in innovation management. Research however has mostly focused on large companies, in the area of inbound open innovation, on the technological scope or industrial protection. The topic of outbound open innovation, the processes implemented and the management practices deployed in SMEs have been less well investigated. This article aims to go some way towards filling this gap. A collaborative longitudinal case study was carried out by a researcher and two practitioners in a robotics SME. The results show the impact, mainly positive, of open innovation on the company. The functions of technological gatekeeper and “innovation project promoter”, created while the open innovation process was being established, are illustrated through the examples of previous collaborative projects and a current major research European project applied to robotics in which the company is involved. |
| Abstract: | L’innovation ouverte est devenue un thème majeur du management de l’innovation. La recherche s’est toutefois focalisée sur les grandes entreprises, sur l’innovation ouverte entrante (inbound), sur ses dimensions technologiques ou sur la protection industrielle. Les questions liées à l’innovation ouverte sortante (outbound), aux processus implémentés et aux pratiques managériales déployées dans les PME ont été moins investiguées. Cet article tente de combler ces lacunes. Une étude de cas longitudinale a été menée par un universitaire et deux praticiens dans une PME de robotique. Les résultats montrent que l’impact de l’innovation ouverte est essentiellement positif pour la PME. Les fonctions de technological gatekeeper et de chargé de valorisation de projets d’innovation, créées lorsque le processus d’innovation ouverte a été mis en place, sont illustrées à travers des exemples de projets collaboratifs passés et d’un important projet de recherche européen en robotique, actuellement en cours, et dans lequel la PME est impliquée. |
| Keywords: | Inbound open innovation,outbound open innovation,innovation process implementation,SMEs,collaborative projects,Innovation ouverte entrante,innovation ouverte sortante,implémentation de processus d’innovation,PME,projets collaboratifs |
| Date: | 2017–04–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01502720&r=cse |
| By: | Elise Wendlassida Miningou; Sampawende J Tapsoba |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the effect of the efficiency of the education system on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). First, it focuses on the external efficiency and applies a frontier-based measure as a proxy of the ability of countries to optimally convert the average years of schooling into income for individuals. Second, it shows the relationship between the external efficiency of the education system and FDI inflows by applying GMM regression technique. The results show that the efficiency level varies across regions and countries and appears to be driven by higher education and secondary vocational education. Similarly to other studies in the literature, there is no significant relationship between the average years of schooling and FDI inflows. However, this study shows that the external efficiency of the education system is important for FDI inflows. Improving the external efficiency of the education system can play a role in attracting FDI especially in non-resource rich countries, nonlandloked countries and countries in the low and medium human development groups. |
| Keywords: | Human capital;FDI, Education System, External Efficiency, Education and Economic Development |
| Date: | 2017–03–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:17/79&r=cse |
| By: | Elifneh, Yohannes Workeaferahu (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management) |
| Abstract: | This dissertation represents original, empirical evidence concerning the adoption of CSR practices and principles in the context of Least Developed Countries (LDCs) based on comparative case studies among selected companies in the Ethiopian brewery sector. In other words, the study can be considered as an original work that contributes to the knowledge of CSR studies from this part of the developing world where there is a dearth of regional CSR studies. Its theoretical contribution could be by way of extending CSR literature to less charted territories such as the part of the developing world where this study is situated. In addition, as the study utilized a novel dataset and implemented empirical methodology, this is also a valuable empirical contribution. |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:b57b7d24-095c-42da-aa87-27517b8bf7d0&r=cse |
| By: | KOUADIO, Hugues |
| Abstract: | This paper proposes a nonparametric analysis of the performance of companies in Côte d’Ivoire. The study focuses, initially, on the determination of technical efficiency scores using the Data Envelopment Analysis method (DEA), and econometric modeling the type tobit to determine the factors associated with technical efficiency companies. Our results do not support the conclusion of the technical efficiency of enterprises. Only 12 companies of 727 or 1.67% of our sample companies have reached their production frontier. Among the explanations of business productivity business characteristics (size, nature of business), financial factors (debt burden) and environmental factors (labor movement, strikes and social unrest) predict the level of productivity of firms. |
| Keywords: | Enterprize; Productivity; performance; DEA; nonparametric |
| JEL: | D22 O12 O17 |
| Date: | 2016–02–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:69936&r=cse |