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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2017‒01‒29
nine papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Sandro Montresor (Kore University of Enna, IT); Antonio Vezzani (JRC) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides some new theoretical speculations and empirical evidence on the relationship between design, innovation and economic performance at the firm level. We posit that design investments may provide firms with a higher capacity of introducing product/process innovations, but that the ensuing economic performance is rather associated to the role of design within the firm. Moreover, once controlled for the firm’s non-technological innovativeness and other knowledge-production inputs, the role of design does also relate to the introduction of innovative products and/or processes. We provide a systematic empirical test for these arguments on a sample of more than 12,000 European firms from the last EC Innobarometer survey. The econometric estimates are consistent with our expectations. However, while a higher innovativeness is also associated with a non-systematic resort to design, a higher innovation-based performance is coupled with an increasingly more central role of design, providing this is at least non-occasional. Innovations do actually look “design-led” overall, but innovating successfully apparently requires the firm to retain such a driver central to its business model. |
| Keywords: | Design, Innovation, Firm performance |
| JEL: | O31 O32 O33 |
| Date: | 2017–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:wpaper:201701&r=cse |
| By: | Aldieri, Luigi; Vinci, Concetto Paolo |
| Abstract: | In this paper we investigate the role of financial shocks, such as the economic crisis since 2006, in the reallocation process of employment flows in high-tech and low-tech industries. The contributions of the paper to the literature are threefold. First, a general framework of employment growth is estimated by using a dataset made of 879 large international firms observed for the period 2002-2010 and localized in three economic areas: USA, Japan and Europe. Second, we develop a database merging the firms’ data with EPO patents data. In particular, the innovation variable is proxied by the R&D capital stock. Third contribution to the literature is to analyse the extent to which the economic crisis may affect the sensitivity of employment with respect to own innovation but also with respect to outside innovation, the R&D spillovers, in high-tech and low-tech industries. The empirical results suggest some important and significant results. This comparative finding could be the source of relevant industrial policy implications. |
| Keywords: | Regional economics; Innovation; R&D spillovers; employment |
| JEL: | J20 O31 O33 R1 |
| Date: | 2017–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:76398&r=cse |
| By: | Esteban Lafuente; László Szerb; Zoltan J. Acs |
| Abstract: | This paper tests the efficiency hypothesis of the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship. Using a comprehensive database for 63 countries for 2012, we employ data envelopment analysis to directly test how countries capitalize on their available entrepreneurial resources. Results support the efficiency hypothesis of knowledge spillover entrepreneurship. We find that innovation-driven economies make a more efficient use of their resources, and that the accumulation of market potential by existing incumbent businesses explains country-level inefficiency. Regardless of the stage of development, knowledge formation is a response to market opportunities and a healthy national system of entrepreneurship is associated with knowledge spillovers that are a prerequisite for higher levels of efficiency. Public policies promoting economic growth should consider national systems of entrepreneurship as a critical priority, so that entrepreneurs can effectively allocate resources in the economy. |
| Keywords: | Knowledge spillover theory; GEDI; GEM; Efficiency; Data envelopment analysis; Clusters |
| JEL: | C4 L20 M13 O10 |
| Date: | 2016–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:68907&r=cse |
| By: | Giordano Mion; Luca David Opromolla; Alessandro Sforza |
| Abstract: | Better managers and managerial practices lead to better firm performance. Yet, little is known about what happens when managers move across firms. Does a firm hiring a good manager improve its performance? If yes is there some valuable knowledge the manager has acquired and successfully difused to the new firm? In order to answer these questions we use information related to specific activities the manager was involved in when working for previous firms. More specifically, we use information on whether the manager has worked in the past for firms exporting to a specific destination country or a specific product. Our data is rich enough to allow controlling for both manager and firm unobservables and wash out any time-invariant ability of the manager as well as overall firm performance.We find that the export experience gained by managers in previous firms leads their current firm towards higher export performance, and commands a sizable wage premium for the manager. We use several strategies to deal with endogeneity including an exogenous event study: the sudden end of the Angolan civil war in 2002. We further refine our analysis by looking at diferent types of managers (general, production, financial and sales) and show how specific export experience interacts with the degree of product diferentiation and/or the financial vulnerability of a firm's products as well as with rising import competition from China. |
| JEL: | M2 L2 F16 J31 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ptu:wpaper:w201701&r=cse |
| By: | Aldieri, Luigi; Vinci, Concetto Paolo |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to investigate the extent to which knowledge spillovers effects are sensitive to different levels of innovation. We develop a theoretical model in which the core of spillover effect is showed and then we implement the empirical model to test for the results. In particular, we run the quantile regression for panel data estimator (Baker, Powell and Smith, 2016), to correct the bias stemming from the endogenous regressors in a panel data sample. The findings identify a significant heterogeneity of technology spillovers across quantiles: the highest value of spillovers is observed at the lowest quartile of innovation distribution. The results might be interpreted to provide some useful implications for industrial policy strategy |
| Keywords: | Innovation; Spillovers; Quantile regression; Knowledge diffusion |
| JEL: | C21 O32 O33 |
| Date: | 2017–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:76405&r=cse |
| By: | Pasadilla, Gloria O.; Wirjo, Andre |
| Abstract: | The database of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development-World Trade Organization (OECD-WTO) on Trade in Value Added shows that services constitute a significant share of global goods exports. These services are either embedded in the product (such as engineering services) or bundled with its sale (such as recycling services). “Servicification”--the term coined to describe the increasing value contribution of services in manufacturing value chains--is also true in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) member-economies. This paper shows the growth in the share of services value added in APEC’s manufacturing exports between 1995 and 2009. The role of services in improving productivity is a top consideration in the decision of manufacturing firms to “servicify”. Indeed, this paper shows positive correlations between services inputs and productivity but negative correlations between OECD index of services restrictiveness and manufacturing exports per capita. Particularly for business services, restrictions on the movement of people as well as on foreign ownership and other market entry conditions contribute the most to high index of trade restrictiveness. |
| Keywords: | APEC, services, manufacturing, servicification, trade in value added (TiVA), services-manufacturing linkage, productivity, servicify, trade restrictiveness, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD: World Trade Organization, WTO |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:pjdevt:pjd_2014-2015_vol__41-42_nos__1-2d&r=cse |
| By: | Y. \c{C}inar |
| Abstract: | The research and teaching efficiencies of 45 Turkish state universities are evaluated by using Multi-Activity Data Envelopment Analysis (MA-DEA) model developed by Beasley (1995). Universities are multi-purpose institutions, therefore they face multiple production functions simultaneously associated with research and teaching activities. MA-DEA allows assigning priorities and allocating shared resources to these activities. |
| Date: | 2016–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1701.07318&r=cse |
| By: | Aldieri, Luigi; Kotsemir, Maxim; Vinci, Concetto Paolo |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of external research collaborations on the scientific performance of academic institutions. Data are derived from the international SCOPUS database. We consider the number of citations of publications to evaluate university performance in Russia. To this end, we develop a non-overlapping generations model to evidence the theoretical idea of research externalities between academic institutions. Moreover, we implement different empirical models to test for the effect of external scientific collaborations on the institutional research quality. The results confirm an important positive impact of co-authoring process |
| Keywords: | Academic institutions; Productivity; Research externalities |
| JEL: | D20 I21 |
| Date: | 2017–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:76408&r=cse |
| By: | Ugo Pagano |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes two interrelated problems characterizing a learning society. On the one hand, there is a tension between the non-rival nature of knowledge and its private appropriation. On the other hand, there is an institutional mismatch between the global public good nature of knowledge and the fragmentation of political power among different nations. We will argue that these two contradictions are a fundamental cause of economic stagnation and of inequality. The excessive monopolization of knowledge decreases the rate of growth but, at the same time, it increases the share of profits and shareholders’ wealth. The discounted rents of privatized knowledge are a clear example of what Joe Stiglitz has aptly named capitaldestructive wealth. Whereas the wealth (of few) increases, knowledge-capital decreases because its available uses are dramatically restricted. |
| JEL: | O34 O15 O16 P14 |
| Date: | 2016–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usi:wpaper:743&r=cse |