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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2016‒06‒14
thirteen papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Serafica, Ramonette B. |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the evidence on service innovation using the 2012 Census of Philippine Business and Industry and the 2009 Pilot Survey of Innovation Activities. It reveals the wide variation in R&D intensities and differences in innovation behavior between the manufacturing and services sectors, for example, with respect to information sources and innovation activities. Many similarities were also detected in terms of service product innovation, the popularity of organizational innovation, and the preference for training activities, among others. Looking at structural factors, the probit regression analyses indicate that the size of the firm is a good determinant for all types of innovation. Ownership and age were also significant for certain innovation outputs, which could help inform policies on foreign direct investment and entrepreneurship. The results of this paper reveal the importance of service innovation not only for the services sector but also for the manufacturing sector consistent with servicification. In general, different types of innovation are undertaken by industries for various reasons, and the technological and nontechnological forms of innovation complement each other. If the government aims to promote economy-wide upgrading, support for innovation should not favor only one type of innovation output or activity. Further research on innovation behavior to cover more industries will be useful in developing a comprehensive and more nuanced approach to innovation policy. |
| Keywords: | Philippines, services, research and development (R&D), innovation, manufacturing, servicification |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:rpseri:dp_2016-20&r=cse |
| By: | Cozza, Claudio; Rabellotti, Roberta; Sanfilippo, Marco |
| Abstract: | Using a new firm-level database, EMENDATA, this paper investigates the effects on Chinese multinational enterprises of Outward FDI (OFDI) into advanced European countries. Propensity score matching is combined with a difference-in-difference estimator to reduce the problems of self-selection of treated firms in foreign markets and to eliminate time-invariant and unobservable differences between those firms and the controls. The results provide robust evidence in support of the view that China’s OFDI had so far a positive impact on domestic activities in enhancing firms’ productivity and scales of operation, as measured by assets, sales and employment. Distinguishing among such investments on the basis of entry mode shows that acquisitions facilitate early access to intangible assets but are detrimental to financial performance, whereas greenfield investments have a positive impact on the scale and productivity of Chinese investors. Publication keywords: outward FDI, reverse spillovers, performance, Chinese multinationals |
| JEL: | F45 |
| Date: | 2014–12–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bof:bofitp:2014_024&r=cse |
| By: | Juthamon Sithipolvanichgul (University of Ediburgh) |
| Abstract: | Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) is seen as an holistic approach to ensure a good risk management strategy for companies to help minimise potential pitfalls and improve long term business sustainability. However questions still arise whether ERM implementation impacts on a firm's performance. Past studies have shown no consensus that ERM does increase firm performance as advocated by regulators and business advisors. So the issue exists as to whether ERM implementation has been adequately assessed. An alternative measurement of ERM implementation is proposed. The measurement is based on standardised integrative scoring. The relationship between the proposed measurement and firm performance is then considered taking account of appropriate control variables. Using data from the Thailand Stock Exchange it was found implementing ERM can improve firm performance in term of Tobin's Q, ROE and ROA. |
| Keywords: | Enterprise Risk Management, Risk Management, Risk Organisation, Holistic Strategic, Firm Performance |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:3605462&r=cse |
| By: | Singh, Lakhwinder; Gill, Anita |
| Abstract: | The recent phase of globalization has witnessed increasing influence of Asian countries in the global economy. This is supported by the rise of Asian firms and their increasing presence in economic activities across the globe through innovations in manufacturing. This paper attempts to trace the rise of Asian firms and their innovation capabilities while examining the theory of the growth of the firm and empirical literature. The comparative analysis of innovations across innovative manufacturing firms of seven Asian countries-Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, China and India is based on data collected through Oslo manual approach survey conducted and compiled by UNESCO in 2013. This unique data set covers technological and social innovations which is more comprehensive and expands the scope of the concept of innovations. Important empirical evidence that has emerged from the analysis is that Asian manufacturing firms are having higher level of social innovations than technological innovations. Level of economic development is positively correlated to transition from process to product innovations across firms of both developed and developing countries. The low variations across active innovative firms in product and process innovations imply that technological innovations are stable and rising in Asia. This is supported by high degree of intensity of in-house R&D expenditure. The most important barrier to innovative and non innovative manufacturing firms is the deficiency of internal and external finances except firms of Japan and South Korea. The innovation environmental constraints are more visible across Asian firms where the national innovation system is at nascent phase. The finding based public policy suggestion is that the public policy should accord high priority in investing higher proportion of resources in innovations to relieve the firms from such constraints. |
| Keywords: | Systems of innovations, rise of Asian firms, technological innovations, social innovations, public policy, Asia, Manufacturing innovations, internationalization of firms. |
| JEL: | D2 D21 D7 L6 O1 O3 |
| Date: | 2016–02–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:71148&r=cse |
| By: | Massón-Guerra, José Luis; Ortín-Ángel, Pedro |
| Abstract: | Entrepreneurship capital has been considered in the literature to be a public good, so it will positively affect the total factor productivity of the firms in a certain region. There is evidence confirming a positive relationship between entrepreneurship capital measures and regional production. This paper argues that this evidence could also be explained by the presence of decreasing returns to scale in firms’ production technology. So previous evidence may be mixing both effects: returns to scale and public goods. This paper provides a simple methodological benchmark for distinguishing between and measuring both effects. The analysis conducted using a sample of 52 Spanish provinces for eleven years confirms the presence of decreasing returns to scale. In our data, previous interpretations of the evidence overestimate the effect of regional entrepreneurship capital as a public good on the economy. |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurship Capital, Regional Productivity, Scale Economies. |
| JEL: | L26 O4 O40 R11 |
| Date: | 2016–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:71587&r=cse |
| By: | Colombelli, Alessandra; Quatraro, Francesco (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | There is wide consensus about the importance of green technologies for achieving superior economic and environmental performances. The literature on their determinants has neglected the creation of green start-ups as a channel to bring about green technologies in the market. Drawing upon the knowledge spillovers theory of entrepreneurship, we test the relevance of local knowledge stocks, distinguishing between clean and dirty stocks, for the creation of green start-ups. Moreover, the effects of the technological composition of local stocks is investigated, by focusing on technological variety, both related and unrelated, as well as on coherence. Consistently with recent literature, green start-ups are associated to higher levels of variety, pointing to the relevance of diverse and heterogeneous knowledge sources, but in related and complementary technological fields. |
| Date: | 2016–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:dipeco:201606&r=cse |
| By: | Valeria Costantini; Francesco Crespi; Giovanni Marin; Elena Paglialunga |
| Abstract: | The introduction and adoption of green technologies are considered the most cost effective way to reduce environmental pressure without compromising economic competitiveness. The scientific literature has emphasized the crucial role played by diffusion pathways of green technologies along the supply value chain, but empirical quantitative findings on the effectiveness of green technologies in improving environmental performance are scarce. The objective of this paper is to highlight the role of inter-sectoral linkages in shaping the influence played by eco-innovations on sectoral environmental performance. Empirical findings show that both the direct and indirect effects of eco-innovations help reduce environmental stress and that the strength of these impacts varies across the value chain depending on the technology adopted and the type of pollutant under scrutiny. The main implications we can deduce are that, first both corporate and policy governance strategies should specifically address the goal of maximizing environmental gains that can be achieved through the development and adoption of clean technologies along the supply chain, and second both strategies should be coordinated in order to minimize the costs for reducing environmental pressures. |
| Keywords: | eco-innovation, environmental performance, inter-sectoral linkages, international spillovers, value chain, sustainable production, governance systems |
| Date: | 2016–04–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2016/19&r=cse |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Sustainable Development and Climate Change Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Sustainable Development and Climate Change Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) |
| Abstract: | Early adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) can allow developing countries in Asia and the Pacific to move from labor-intensive, natural resources-based to knowledge-based economies. Higher education institutions must adopt an institution-wide, holistic ICT strategy, not a project-based approach, to avoid redundancies, obsolescence, and large maintenance costs. A coordinated top-down plus bottom-up intervention is best, with three areas requiring attention: infrastructure, application software, and staff development. ICT investments in higher education institutions in support of teaching, research, and community engagement are essential for developing and retaining competitive advantage in the knowledge economy. |
| Keywords: | education, information resources, electronic information resource, open educational resources, oer, free educational resources, education, open educational resources, jouko sarvi, hitendra pillay |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt157785-2&r=cse |
| By: | Sundström, David (Department of Economics, Umeå University) |
| Abstract: | Empirical evaluations of policies implemented through public procurements are commonly carried out using linear regressions or by more involved non-linear structural models. The aspiration is typically to determine a marginal effect. Here, I compare marginal effects generated under both types of specifications. I study how a political initiative to make firms less environmentally damaging implemented through public procurements influences Swedish firms’ behavior. The collected evidence brings about statistically as well as economically significant effects on firms’ bids and costs. |
| Keywords: | binding function; green public procurement; indirect inference; orthogonal polynomial regression; simulation estimation; structural estimation |
| JEL: | C15 C57 D44 H57 |
| Date: | 2016–05–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:umnees:0928&r=cse |
| By: | Martin Kalthaus (School of Economics and Business Administration, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena) |
| Abstract: | The emergence and evolution of a technology is intimately related to it's knowledge base. A knowledge base shows certain dynamics and evolves over time. Knowledge accumulation, especially the in-flow of knowledge from sources external to an industry, is crucial for the technology's knowledge base evolution in terms of initiating, redirecting and refreshing the knowledge accumulation processes. This analysis shed light on how a technology's knowledge base is influenced by inventors who contribute to the knowledge base. Using patent data for wind power and photovoltaics, the technological contribution of an invention to the knowledge base is measured by the patent's forward citation. The inventors of these patents are categorized based on their previous inventive experience. It is tested, if the technological contribution of an inventor, in terms of the forward citation the patent receives, is correlated with his previous inventive activity. Results indicate that there are differences between the technologies. In photovoltaics, the inventor's experience does not matter, while in wind power experienced inventors contribute most, but also inventors with no previous experience and inventors in related fields contribute. The separation of the observation period according to the technologies' life cycle reveals that in early and emerging phases unrelated knowledge plays an important role for both technologies and experience and related knowledge in the case of wind power only in the later stage. |
| Keywords: | Patent data, Knowledge recombination, renewable energy, inventive activity, technology life cycle, rolling window regression |
| JEL: | O31 O32 O33 Q42 |
| Date: | 2016–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2016-012&r=cse |
| By: | Wani, Mr. Nassir Ul Haq; Dhami, Dr. Jasdeep Kaur |
| Abstract: | Business world, subject to typical changes evolve as a result of innovations. Innovations alter the economy and society fundamentally. To be innovative means to provide organizational and technical improvements that can be sold successfully in the marketplace. But the market systems have adversely affected the environment by: (a) failing to deal with negative environmental externalities and (b) undervaluing natural resources, leading to their over exploitation and depletion. In addition, imperfect market conditions, unclear definition of property rights and misplaced government policies (such as subsidies in various forms for exploitation of natural resources) have often led to the under-valuation of natural resources and to unsustainable exploitation. These market failures have caused irreparable damage to ecosystems and threaten to destroy life-support systems. In dealing such situations the potent weapon is ecopreneurship, which refers to a process by which entrepreneurs introduce eco-friendly (or relatively more eco-friendly) products and process into the marketplace. |
| Keywords: | Ecopreneurship: Ecofriendly: Go-green |
| JEL: | Q5 Q55 |
| Date: | 2016–05–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:71384&r=cse |
| By: | ALEX SANDER SOUZA DO CARMO; AUGUSTA PELINSKI RAIHER; ALYSSON LUIZ STEGE |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anp:en2015:099&r=cse |
| By: | ANA PAULA MACEDO DE AVELLAR; MARISA DOS REIS AZEVEDO BOTELHO |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anp:en2014:148&r=cse |