|
on Economics of Strategic Management |
|
Issue of 2015‒04‒11
eighteen papers chosen by João José de Matos Ferreira Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Aldieri, Luigi; Aprile, Maria Carmela; Vinci, Concetto Paolo |
| Abstract: | This study contributes to existing literature on firms’ innovative activity examining the relationship between the R&D rivalry and spillovers at the firm level. In particular, we present an empirical analysis in United States, Japan and Europe based upon a new dataset composed of 879 worldwide R&D-intensive firms. In order to identify the technological proximity, we use the Jaffe industry weight matrix, based on the construction of technological vectors for each firm, where its patents are distributed across technology classes, in such a way that we compute knowledge spillovers. Opportune econometric techniques, which deal with both firm’s unobserved heterogeneity and weak exogeneity of the explanatory variables, are implemented. In order to test the robustness of our results, we introduce also the combined spatial-autoregressive model with autoregressive disturbances and additional endogenous variables. The empirical results are differentiated across countries, and suggest that the spatial effects are statistically significant |
| Keywords: | Spatial models; Innovation; R&D spillovers |
| JEL: | C31 C33 O31 R15 |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:63402&r=cse |
| By: | Vanthana NOLINTHA (National Economic Research Institute, Vientiane, Lao PDR); Idris JAJRI (Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya) |
| Abstract: | This article examines the relationship between institutional support and regional production linkages, and technological capabilities and firm performance in the garment industry in Laos. The evidence shows that garment firms in Laos have achieved considerable technological upgrading, and that firm performance and technological capabilities are determined by export-intensity. Firms’ technological capabilities are determined by the quality of host-site institutional support, while foreign firms have invested little to upgrade human capital in Laos. In addition, firms of all ownership structure have invested little in R&D in Laos. |
| Keywords: | garment, global production chains, Laos, technological capabilities |
| JEL: | L62 L22 L14 O31 |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:dp-2015-13&r=cse |
| By: | Primo Autore (ISTAT, Istituto Nazionale di Statistica); Secondo Autore (DISCE, Università Cattolica) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides an empirical investigation of the impact of innovation on firms' economic performance pinpointing complementarities between product and marketing innovation during the period 1998-2008. Firms' profitability and productivity are simultaneously estimated, thus allowing for consistent and robust estimates of the relationship being tested. The conceptual framework in which we have developed the analysis bridges the gap between the management (organization) approach, from which we grasp the notion of a firm's market orientation to innovation, and the economics of innovation perspective. The results show that being a persistent product-innovating and market-oriented firm significantly affects profitability, although the estimated impact is relatively mild. The gain in productivity determined by investing in R&D is relatively small and in line with the corresponding gain attributable to investing in marketing and organizational innovations. Conversely, capital deepening as measured by the capital-labor ratio-exerts a larger impact on productivity, thus underlining how knowledge capital plays a less relevant role. This result emphasizes a crucial weakness of Italian manufacturing firms, because knowledge investment is the key to future economic growth. The estimates we have presented cover a sufficiently long time interval, thus enabling us to perform different robustness tests. |
| Keywords: | Product Innovation, Market Orientation, European Community Innovation Survey, Profitability, Productivity |
| JEL: | L25 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctc:serie2:dises1505&r=cse |
| By: | Antonelli, Cristiano; Colombelli, Alessandra (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | This paper contributes the economics of knowledge and innovation with the analysis of the knowledge cost function and sheds light on the determinants of the large variance in the cost of innovation across firms. The amount and the structure of external knowledge and the internal stocks of knowledge that firms can access and use in the generation of new technological knowledge help firms to reduce the costs of innovations. The empirical section is based upon a panel of companies listed on UK and the main continental Europe financial markets (Germany, France and Italy) for the period 1995 – 2006, for which information about patents have been gathered. The econometric analysis of the costs of knowledge considers the unit costs of patents on the right hand side, and on the left hand side next to R&D expenditures, the stock of knowledge internal and external to each firm. In order to articulate the different facets of the external knowledge that is made accessible by proximity with firms co-localized in the same region (NUTS2), we further include other variables proxying for regional variety, complementarity and similarity. The results confirm that the stock of internal knowledge and the access to external knowledge play a key role in reducing the actual cost of the generation of new technological knowledge at the firm level. |
| Date: | 2014–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:labeco:201411&r=cse |
| By: | Kerai, Anita; Sharma, Sunil |
| Abstract: | Extant research on influence of ownership structure on innovation suggests a positive relationship between business group affiliation and innovation. While it is true that firms affiliated to business groups seem to benefit from availability of internal capital, determinants that influence the process of innovation have not been examined. This Paper aims to study the influence of network diversity on innovation for firms affiliated to a business group. We draw upon literature on resource based and principal-agency literature to study nature of knowledge exploration and exploitation by business group firms. We argue that network diversity impacts nature of innovation by business group firms. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iim:iimawp:13335&r=cse |
| By: | Xavier Cirera |
| Keywords: | Education - Knowledge for Development Information and Communication Technologies - ICT Policy and Strategies Social Protections and Labor - Labor Policies Science and Technology Development - Innovation Private Sector Development - E-Business Science and Technology Development - Innovation Science and Technology Development - Technology Innovation |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21684&r=cse |
| By: | Bischoff, Oliver; Buchwald, Achim |
| Abstract: | This paper sheds new light on the assessment of firm networks via multiple directorships in terms of corporate firm performance. Using a large sample of European listed firms in the period from 2003 to 2011 and system GMM we find a significant compensation effect on corporate firm performance for the initial negative effect of horizontal multiple directorships by product market competition. In markets with effective competition, horizontal multiple directorships turn out to be an efficient mechanism to increase firm performance and thus assure competitive advantages. By contrast, linkages between up- and downstream firms have no significant influence on financial performance, irrespective of the level of competition intensity. |
| Keywords: | Horizontal and Vertical Firm Networks, Multiple Directorships, Corporate Governance, Product Market Competition, Dynamic Panel |
| JEL: | C23 G32 G34 L14 L25 L40 |
| Date: | 2015–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:63413&r=cse |
| By: | Rajah RASIAH (Development Studies Department, University of Malaya); Rafat Beigpoor SHAHRIVAR (Development Studies Department, University of Malaya); Abdusy Syakur AMIN (Facutlty of Engineering, University of Pasundan) |
| Abstract: | This study analyses the influence of host-site institutional support, foreign ownership and regional production linkages on firm-level technological capabilities using data from automotive firms in Indonesia. The results show that host-site institutional support and foreign ownership are positively correlated with technological capabilities. In addition, regional linkages show a significant and positive link on technological capabilities. However, regional linkages and foreign ownership explain more strongly technological capabilities than host-site institutional support in automotive firms in Indonesia. This evidence suggests that the supporting high tech environment require further strengthening to stimulate higher technological capabilities in the automotive industry in Indonesia. |
| Keywords: | automotive firms, institutional support, Indonesia, regional linkages, technological capabilities |
| JEL: | L62 L22 L14 O31 |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:dp-2015-08&r=cse |
| By: | Andrzej Cieslik (University of Warsaw); Jan Michalek (University of Warsaw); Iryna Nasadiuk (University of Warsaw) |
| Abstract: | Following the new strand in the new trade theory literature that focuses on firm heterogeneity in this paper we investigate determinants of firm export performance in Ukraine. The study is based on the BEEPS firm level data compiled by EBRD and the World Bank. The study covers the period starting in 2005 and ending in 2013. We estimate probit regressions for each year of our sample as well as for the pooled dataset that includes all years. Our pooled estimation results indicate that the probability of exporting is related to the level of productivity, the firm size, R&D expenditure, the share of university graduates in productive employment, as well as the internationalization of firms. The estimation results obtained for particular countries reveal some degree of heterogeneity. In particular, the firm age is significant only in the last years of our sample. |
| Keywords: | Export activity, firm heterogeneity, Ukraine |
| JEL: | F14 P33 |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pes:wpaper:2015:no41&r=cse |
| By: | Giovanni Dosi; Marco Grazzi; Daniele Moschella |
| Abstract: | In this work we analyze the relationship between the patterns of firm diversification, if any, across product lines and across bodies of innovative knowledge, proxied by the patent classes where the firm is present. Putting it more emphatically we investigate the relationship between "what a firm doe" and "what a firm knows". Using a newly developed dataset matching information on patents and products at the firm level, we provide evidence concerning firms' technological and product scope, their relationships, the size-scaling and coherence properties of diversication itself. Our analysis shows that typically firms are much more diversified in terms of products than in terms of technologies, with their main products more related to the exploitation of their innovative knowledge. The scaling properties show that the number of products and technologies increase log-linearly as firms grow. And the directions of diversification themselves display coherence between neighboring activities also at relatively high degrees of diversification. These findings are well in tune with a capability-based theory of the firm. |
| Date: | 2015–01–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2015/05&r=cse |
| By: | Alessandra Colombelli; Jackie Krafft; Francesco Quatraro |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the impact of eco-innovation on firms’ growth processes, with a special focus on gazelles, i.e. firms’ showing higher growth rates than the average. In a context shaped by more and more stringent environmental regulatory frameworks, we posit that inducement mechanisms stimulate the adoption of green technologies, increasing the derived demand for technologies produced by upstream firms supplying eco-innovations. For these reason we expect the generation of green technologies to trigger sales growth. We use firm-level data drawn from the Bureau van Dijk Database, coupled with patent information obtained from the OECD Science and Technology Indicators. The results confirm that eco-innovations are likely to augment the effects of generic innovation on firms’ growth, and this is particularly true for gazelles, which actually appear to run faster than the others. |
| Keywords: | Gazelles, Eco-Innovation, firms’ growth, Inducement mechanisms, derived demand, WIPO Green Inventory |
| JEL: | L10 L20 O32 O33 Q53 Q55 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:feu:wfewop:y:2015:m:3:d:0:i:88&r=cse |
| By: | Katarzyna Cheba (West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin) |
| Abstract: | The development of clusters seems to be a natural consequence of the observed trends in the global economy. The increased interest in the creation and development of clusters can also be seen in most of the countries of the European Union, however, the experience of EU countries in this field is different. In addition to strong clusters with a long tradition, new clusters are created with much lower potential. Clusters compatible with the most important EU documents are to play the role of organizations supporting regional development and ensuring the growth of innovation of the European Union in the new programming period. Japanese economy is based on the important role of clusters in this area, which along with the US and the European Union is among the largest economies in the world. The experience of Japan in this area is much longer. A lot of still functioning clusters were created in this country in the XVII and XVIII centuries. The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of the socio-economic situation of the European Union and Japan, with special emphasis on the role, that clusters play in those economies. The result of the analysis is to identify the factors that allow for the effective operation of enterprises within created cluster structures. The analysis of Japan's experience in this area is a valuable source of information for policy guidelines developed to support clusters in the EU. |
| Keywords: | cluster, effectiveness of clusters, regional development, value of regions |
| JEL: | O12 O57 |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pes:wpaper:2015:no37&r=cse |
| By: | Alessandra Colombelli; Jackie Krafft; Francesco Quatraro (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the impact of eco-innovation on firms’ growth processes, with a special focus on gazelles, i.e. firms’ showing higher growth rates than the average. In a context shaped by more and more stringent environmental regulatory frameworks, we posit that inducement mechanisms stimulate the adoption of green technologies, increasing the derived demand for technologies produced by upstream firms supplying eco-innovations. For these reason we expect the generation of green technologies to trigger sales growth. We use firm-level data drawn from the Bureau van Dijk Database, coupled with patent information obtained from the OECD Science and Technology Indicators. The results confirm that eco-innovations are likely to augment the effects of generic innovation on firms’ growth, and this is particularly true for gazelles, which actually appear to run faster than the others. |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:dipeco:201516&r=cse |
| By: | Rajah Rasiah (Department of Development Studies, University of Malaya); Yap Xiao SHAN (Department of Development Studies, University of Malaya) |
| Abstract: | This article examines the relationships between host-site institutional support and firm-level technological upgrading, and between technological upgrading and domestic production linkages in the semiconductor industry in Singapore. An evolutionary perspective was used to measure technological capabilities using knowledge embodied in machinery, organization, processes and products. The results show that host-site institutional support is important for technological upgrading and technological capabilities are positively correlated with domestic linkages. Also, domestic linkages rather than regional linkages were correlated with technological upgrading, which is a consequence of Singapore’s sophisticated infrastructure compared to its neighbours in Southeast Asia. |
| Keywords: | domestic production linkages, institutional support, semiconductors, Singapore, technological capabilities |
| JEL: | L62 L22 L14 O31 |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:dp-2015-17&r=cse |
| By: | Sandro Montresor; Francesco Quatraro (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | The paper focuses on the analysis of effects of Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) on regional Smart Specialisation Strategies (S3). Drawing on the economic geography approach to S3, we formulate some hypotheses about the impact that KETs-related knowledge can have on the construction of new regional technological advantages (RTAs). By crossing regional data on patent applications, in KETs-mapped classes of the International Patent Classification (IPC), with a number of regional economic indicators, we test these hypotheses on a panel of 26 European countries over the period 1980-2010. KETs positively affect the construction of new RTAs, pointing to a new “enabling” role for them. They also mitigate the impact of the density to related pre-existing technologies on the construction of new RTAs, pointing to the KETs capacity of making the latter less binding in pursuing S3. Overall, the net-impact of KETs is positive, pointing to a new case for plugging KETs in the S3 policy tool-box. |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:dipeco:201517&r=cse |
| By: | Sharma, Sunil |
| Abstract: | Increasing globalization of economy has provided fresh impetus to internationalization efforts of firms from both developed and emerging economies. Extant research in this area has been carried out with the perspective of firms from developed economies. The issue of internationalization efforts by firms from emerging economies has received sparse attention. Further, multiple theories have been applied to examine this subject. Rarely the issue has been seen as multidimensional and as set of decisions that involve tradeoff. This paper attempts to bridge this gap by suggesting an integrative framework to look at internationalization as a multidimensional phenomenon. The framework is grounded in resource based view, organizational learning, and institutional theories. In addition, internationalization effort by a firm has been treated, as a separate decision not related with earlier or concurrent internationalization efforts with its own unique dimensions. This essentially means that internationalization process is highly context specific. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iim:iimawp:13325&r=cse |
| By: | Sharma, Sunil |
| Abstract: | With increasing globalization, competitive landscape has undergone tremendous change. To cope up with turbulent environmental demands, firms are entering into alliances to bridge capability gap. However, movement from skill substitution to capability development requires firms to adopt organizational learning approach and to do so require organization reconfiguration. So far, literature has paid little attention to organizational redesign in response to the requirement of learning and developing capabilities. In a Joint venture, three actors are involved; Parent firm with capability, joint venture and parent firm seeking capability. This paper looks at issue of organizational learning and redesign from the perspective of parent firm seeking capabilities. An integrated framework is developed with addresses issue of identification of learning level and maps it with level of interface, control, and process orientation. Based on this framework, appropriate organizational design criteria to accomplish specific learning task processes can be formed for effective and targeted yet stable learning depending on the context. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iim:iimawp:13327&r=cse |
| By: | TABUCHI, Takatoshi (University of Tokyo, Faculty of Economics and Research Institute of Economics, Trade & Industry); THISSE, Jacques-François (Université catholique de Louvain, CORE, Belgium; NRU-Higher School of Economics, Russia; CEPR); ZHU, Xiwei (Center for Research of Private Economy and School of Economics, Zhejiang University) |
| Abstract: | We show that how technological innovations and migration costs interact to shape the space-economy. Regardless of the level of transport costs, rising labor productivity fosters the agglomeration of activities, whereas falling transport costs do not affect the location of activities. When labor is heterogeneous, the number of workers residing in the more productive region increases by decreasing order of productive efficiency when labor productivity rises. This process affects in opposite directions the welfare of those who have a lower productivity. |
| Keywords: | new economic geography, technological progress, labor productivity, migration costs, labor heterogeneity |
| JEL: | J61 R12 |
| Date: | 2014–11–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cor:louvco:2014047&r=cse |