|
on Economics of Strategic Management |
|
Issue of 2012‒07‒08
nine papers chosen by Joao Jose de Matos Ferreira University of the Beira Interior |
| By: | Riccardo Crescenzi; Andrés Rodríguez-Pose; Michael Storper |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses the geography of innovation in China and India. Using a tailor-made panel database for regions in these two countries, we show that both countries exhibit increasingly strong polarisation of innovative capacity in a limited number of urban areas. But the factors behind this polarisation and the strong contrasts in innovative capacity between the provinces and states within both countries are quite different. In China, the concentration of innovation is fundamentally driven by agglomeration forces, linked to population, industrial specialisation and infrastructure endowment. Innovative areas in China, rather than generate knowledge spillovers, seem to produce strong backwash effects. In India, by contrast, innovation is much more dependent on a combination of good local socioeconomic structures and investment in science and technology. Indian innovation hubs also generate positive knowledge spillovers to other regions. |
| Keywords: | Innovation; R&D; socioeconomic conditions; geography; regions; China; India |
| JEL: | R11 R12 O32 O33 |
| Date: | 2012–06–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imd:wpaper:wp2012-09&r=cse |
| By: | Claudia Curi; Cinzia Daraio; Patrick Llerena |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the efficiency of the technology transfer operated by the French university system and its main determinants. The analysis is based on a detailed and original database of 51 TTOs, categorized by type of university, over the period 2003-2007. Overall, we find low-level of efficiency and both intra-category and inter-categories efficiency variation. The analysis of determinants shows that French TTOs efficiency depends extensively on the nature of the category (with universities specialised in science and engineering resulting the most efficient ones), on institutional and environmental characteristics. We found that both the seniority of TTO and size of the university have a positive effect. In terms of environmental variables, the intensity of R&D activity (both private and public) has a positive impact; however, in terms of growth rate, only the Private R&D activity seems to be the main driver. Lastly, having a medical school related to a hospital is a source of inefficiency. |
| Keywords: | Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs), French University System, Technical Efficiency, DEA, Bootstrap. |
| JEL: | C34 C44 D24 |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulp:sbbeta:2012-02&r=cse |
| By: | Paredes-Frigolett, Harold; Pyka, Andreas |
| Abstract: | Although the area of innovation economics dates back to the early twentieth century with the seminal contributions of Schumpeter (1911), it is only recently that governments have understood the role of a comprehensive approach towards public sector economics that puts innovation systems in the eye of public policy decision makers. Although well researched in academia in recent years, the role that innovation networks play in driving successful processes of innovation and entrepreneurship has been less understood by policy makers. Indeed, so far public policy makers have been concerned with the macro level of public policy in a way that has been rather disconnected from the meso level of innovation networks. Not surprisingly, overall strategies for innovation network formation have not been on the radar screen of public policy. The academic community, on the other hand, has been devoting more attention to the study of innovation networks in an attempt to understand the role they play as a catalyst of innovation and entrepreneurship. By and large in the research community, the process of innovation network formation has been left rather unattended. Indeed, the question of how these networks are formed and what strategies can be developed to ignite processes of innovation network formation has been largely absent from the academic debate. In this article, we make a contribution in this area and present distal embedding as one of three generic innovation network formation strategies. We also show why distal embedding'' is particularly well suited for emerging regions of innovation and entrepreneurship. Our contributions lie at the macro-meso interface and can shed light on public policy at the macro level aiming to have a direct impact at the meso level of innovation network formation. -- |
| Keywords: | entrepreneurship,innovation networks,innovation network strategy formation |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:fziddp:492012&r=cse |
| By: | Sabine Biege; Martin Borowiecki; Bernhard Dachs; Joseph F. Francois; Doris Hanzl-Weiss (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw); Johan Hauknes; Angela Jäger; Mark Knell; Gunter Lay; Olga Pindyuk (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw); Doris Schartinger; Robert Stehrer (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw) |
| Abstract: | The share of knowledge-intensive services and products in total output and demand and in the production of advanced, but also less advanced or emerging economies, has steadily increased over time and especially so for the knowledge-intensive services. This ‘quaternization’ of the economies not only points towards the rising shares of services but also stresses the role of knowledge-intensive services and their growing importance as sources of innovation and technology and as inputs into the manufacturing process. First the study documents the important role played by services in the EU as compared to the USA and Japan. Special emphasis is given to the role of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). The study then stresses the role of service output of manufacturing firms, a phenomenon also termed ‘convergence process’ which so far has not received much attention in the existing literature. Further it analyses the role of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) with respect to their role of embodied knowledge flows and linkages between KIBS and manufacturing sectors, underpinning that services have been playing an increasing role in boosting the productivity of manufacturing sectors. Finally, the study focuses on the importance of trade in knowledge-intensive manufacturing and services (overall and KIBS in particular) regarding the competitiveness of the EU with respect to trade in services in general and trade in knowledge-intensive business services in particular. |
| Keywords: | knowledge intensive sectors, trade in services, service provision of manufacturing firms, inter-sectoral linkages |
| JEL: | C67 F14 L8 L16 O14 O33 O47 |
| Date: | 2012–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wii:rpaper:rr:377&r=cse |
| By: | Jury Gualandris; Matteo Giacomo Maria Kalchschmidt |
| Abstract: | This research aims at moving a step forward toward the understanding of why industrial companies show different postures toward sustainability in their supply networks. Specifically, the role played by external pressures (i.e., from government and market) and internal capabilities (i.e., organizational commitment, supply management capabilities, innovation power) in determining companies’ attitude toward suppliers’ sustainability is theoretically and empirically investigated. To achieve our objectives, a multiple case studies analysis was performed since it is particularly suited when new complex phenomena are approached. This paper contributes to former literature by proposing a new comprehensive model specifying the role played by sustainable supply chain management’ (SSCM) antecedents in driving industrial companies’ postures. |
| Keywords: | supply network sustainability; SSCM; innovation power; supply management capabilities; government pressure; market pressure; |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:brh:wpaper:1203&r=cse |
| By: | Hazar Ben Barka (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - Université Paris XIII - Paris Nord - CNRS : UMR7234); Sarah Mokaddem (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - Université Paris XIII - Paris Nord - CNRS : UMR7234) |
| Abstract: | Board Interlocks could have a positive effect on the adoption of governance practices and especially on the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). We surpass the predictions of the agency theory by proposing a cognitive-behavioral approach of governance to define the role of director. Given the lack of previous researches, a literature-based approach comes as a necessity. We study the connection between the nature of the director's profile and the knowledge transfer in CSR practices; and this could be beneficiary for the boards of directors. We underline the importance of individual director characteristics such as identification, recognition or motivation in the success of this transfer. |
| Keywords: | Profile of the director, Knowledge Transfer, Board of Directors' Network. Behavioral Governance, CSR. |
| Date: | 2012–03–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00692350&r=cse |
| By: | Osvaldo Urzua |
| Abstract: | This research analyses the dynamics of the emergence and development of internationally competitive KIMS suppliers over the second half of the 20th century. It focuses on the structure of the technological learning and innovation process that accompanied and underpinned the emergence and development of KIMS. It focuses mainly on contrasting the Chilean and Australian experience. However, other mining economies such as South Africa have also been analyzed but in lesser details. |
| Date: | 2012–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tth:wpaper:41&r=cse |
| By: | A. Arrighetti; A. Ninni; E. Breda; R. Cappariello; M. Clemens; D. Schumacher |
| Abstract: | This Working Paper contains the contributions written in English forthcoming in a Special Issue of the Journal of Industrial and Management Economics / Economia e politica industriale (39, (2), 2012 ). The title (and the topic) of the whole Special Issue is “Competitiveness in Manufacturing: Germany vs. Italy” |
| Keywords: | Manufacturing Industries; International Trade; Human Capital; Internationalization Processes; Industrial Policy; Germany; Italy |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:par:dipeco:2012-ep01&r=cse |
| By: | Karlsson, Charlie (Jönköping International Business School) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we discuss three factors of critical importance for regional economic develop-ment, namely entrepreneurship, social capital and governance. We conclude firstly that the relationships between regional entrepreneurship, regional social capital, regional governance and regional economic development are complex and interdependent. Secondly, to influence these factors and the relationship between them policy-makers must have a long-term per-spective and be both patient and persistent in their efforts. It is our hope that this paper pro-vides both a somewhat better understanding of the relationships between regional entrepre-neurship, regional social capital, regional governance and regional economic development and some help to national and regional policy-makers in formulating and implementing the proper long-term regional policies needed. |
| Keywords: | Regional economic development; entrepreneurship; social capital; governance |
| JEL: | D70 G38 L26 R58 |
| Date: | 2012–06–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0278&r=cse |