nep-cse New Economics Papers
on Economics of Strategic Management
Issue of 2011‒05‒30
thirteen papers chosen by
Joao Jose de Matos Ferreira
University of the Beira Interior
  1. Young firms and innovation: a microeconometric analysis By Gabriele Pellegrino; Mariacristina Piva; Marco Vivarelli
  2. Does Quality Make a Difference?: Employment Effects of High- and Low-Quality Start-Ups By Michael Fritsch; Alexandra Schroeter
  3. Technological Knowledge and Offshore Outsourcing: Evidence from Japanese firm-level data By ITO Banri; TOMIURA Eiichi; WAKASUGI Ryuhei
  4. New Business Formation and Regional Development: A Survey and Assessment of the Evidence By Michael Fritsch
  5. Knowledge in the air and cooperation between firms: Traditions of secrecy and the reluctant emergence of specialization in the ceramic manufacturing district of Lampang, Thailand By Weeranan Kamnungwut; Frederick Guy
  6. A Schumpeterian model of entrepreneurship, innovation, and regional economic growth By Batabyal, A.A.; Nijkamp, P.
  7. The competitiveness of regions. A comparison between Belgian and German regions By Joep Konings; Luca Marcolin
  8. Technology capital transfer By Thomas J. Holmes; Ellen R. McGrattan; Edward C. Prescott
  9. Labor mobility and entrepreneurship: Who do new firms employ? By Nyström, Kristina
  10. High-Technology Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley By Fairlie, Robert W.; Chatterji, Aaron K.
  11. Evolution and the Growth Process: Natural Selection of Entrepreneurial Traits By Oded Galor; Stelios Michalopoulos
  12. Outsourcing ship management: Implications for the logistics chain By Pierre Cariou; François-Charles Wolff
  13. Creative capacity for sustainable development: A comparative analysis of European and Turkish rural regions By Akgun, A.A.; Baycan, T.; Nijkamp, P.
  1. By: Gabriele Pellegrino (DISCE, Università Cattolica); Mariacristina Piva (DISCE, Università Cattolica); Marco Vivarelli (DISCE, Università Cattolica)
    Abstract: This paper discusses the determinants of product innovation in young innovative companies (YICs) by looking at in-house and external R&D and at the acquisition of external technology in its embodied and disembodied components. These ‘innovative’ input-output relationships are tested on a sample of 2,713 innovative Italian firms. A sample-selection approach is applied to study both the determinants of product innovation and the factors affecting the intensity of innovation. Results show that in-house R&D is linked to the propensity to introduce product innovation both in mature firms and YICs; however, innovation intensity in the YICs is mainly dependent on embodied technical change from external sources, while in-house R&D does not play a significant role.
    Keywords: R&D; Embodied technological change; Product innovation; New firms; Sample selection
    JEL: O31
    Date: 2010–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctc:serie2:dises1068&r=cse
  2. By: Michael Fritsch; Alexandra Schroeter
    Abstract: This paper investigates the impact of new firms' quality on the magnitude of their employment effects. Our results clearly show that the quality of start-ups, measured by their affiliation with sectors and innovative industries, strongly influences the direct and the overall employment contribution of new firms. In particular, start-ups in manufacturing industries generate larger direct and overall growth effects than those in services. Moreover, new businesses in innovative manufacturing and in knowledge-intensive service industries make a larger direct contribution to employment than start-ups affiliated with other industries. We also find a relatively strong overall effect of new business formation in knowledge-intensive service industries. However, the impact of start-ups in innovative manufacturing industries on overall regional employment growth is not statistically significant, which may be mainly due to their rather small share in all start-ups and because they impact more on firms and employment in other regions than do start-ups in non-innovative manufacturing. Finally, we discuss the implications for entrepreneurship policy that can be derived from our findings.
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship, new business formation, innovative industries, regional development, entrepreneurship policy
    JEL: L26 M13 O1 O18 R11
    Date: 2011
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:diw:diwwpp:dp1128&r=cse
  3. By: ITO Banri; TOMIURA Eiichi; WAKASUGI Ryuhei
    Abstract: This paper empirically examines the effects of knowledge capital on offshore outsourcing choices based on original survey data of Japanese firms. The results of a multinomial logit model demonstrate that firms' offshoring is positively correlated with knowledge capital measured by their R&D activities or patenting, even after controlling for other firm characteristics including productivity, capital intensity, firm age, and export status. Further, knowledge-intensive firms are more inclined to choose foreign insourcing rather than outsourcing, suggesting that firms tend to internalize their technological knowledge in offshore sourcing.
    Date: 2011–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:11052&r=cse
  4. By: Michael Fritsch
    Abstract: This paper reviews the current state of knowledge about the effect of new business formation on regional development. After a brief sketch of the origins of research on this issue, the main results of different lines of inquiry are discussed. Main issues are the development of start-up cohorts, the relative magnitude of direct and indirect effects, and results by type of entry and by industry, as well as differences in the effects that have been found for different types of regions. After interpreting the results based on a common framework, I put forward a number of important questions for further research and draw some conclusions for entrepreneurship policy.
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship, new business formation, employment regional development
    JEL: L26 M13 O1 O18 R11
    Date: 2011
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:diw:diwwpp:dp1127&r=cse
  5. By: Weeranan Kamnungwut; Frederick Guy
    Abstract: In the study of industrial clusters, the relative importance, and possible interrelationship, of inter-firm cooperation in production and broad knowledge transfers (both unintentional spillovers and intentional sharing) have long been disputed. To shed light on this we study ceramic tableware manufacturers in the city of Lampang, Thailand. Data consist of face-to-face interviews with principals in thirty-four manufacturers, and with representatives of supporting institutions. We find that an unwillingness to share knowledge with potential competitors retards the development of specialization in production; the outcome of efforts by various government actors and some manufacturers to change this situation is uncertain.
    Keywords: ceramic manufacturing, knowledge, Lampang, networks, secrecy, Thailand
    JEL: D85
    Date: 2011–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1108&r=cse
  6. By: Batabyal, A.A.; Nijkamp, P.
    Date: 2011
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dgr:vuarem:2011-7&r=cse
  7. By: Joep Konings; Luca Marcolin
    Abstract: This paper uses firm level data to analyze the regional competitiveness of two federal Euro area countries, Belgium and Germany. Competitiveness is defined as the labor cost per unit of output and hence takes into account productivity differences. Analyzing regional competitiveness is important because of the regional concentration in economic activity, the unequal spatial development of regions within countries and the increased importance of regional policy both at the EU as at the national level.
    Date: 2011
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ete:vivwps:16&r=cse
  8. By: Thomas J. Holmes; Ellen R. McGrattan; Edward C. Prescott
    Abstract: It is widely believed that an important factor underlying the rapid growth in China is increased foreign direct investment (FDI) and the transfer of foreign technology capital, which is accumulated know-how from investment in research and development (R&D), brands, and organizations that is not specific to a plant. In this paper, we study two channels through which FDI can contribute to upgrading of the stock of technology capital: knowledge spillovers and appropriation. Knowledge spillovers lead to new ideas that do not directly compete or devalue the foreign affiliate’s stock. Appropriation, on the other hand, implies a redistribution of property rights over patents and trademarks; the gain to domestic companies comes at a loss to the multinational company (MNC). In this paper we build these sources of technology capital transfer into the framework developed by McGrattan and Prescott (2009, 2010) and introduce an endogenously-chosen intensity margin for operating technology capital in order to capture the trade-offs MNCs face when expanding their markets internationally. We show that economic outcomes differ dramatically depending on the source of greater openness and the channel with which technology capital transfer is operative.
    Date: 2011
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedmwp:687&r=cse
  9. By: Nyström, Kristina (CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies, Royal Institute of Technology)
    Abstract: Entrepreneurship is often claimed to be important for generating employment. However, the empirical evidence on the relationship between entrepreneurship is not always convincing. Most of the studies that analyse the relationship between new firm formation and employment growth perform their analysis on cross-country or regional data. At the micro-level, we still know little about the labour dynamics and re-allocation effects induced by new firm formation. Which role do new firms play regarding labour reallocation? This paper intends to explore the individual and firm characteristics for employees in new Swedish firms. Do new firm start-ups absorb outsiders in the labour market or do they recruit employees from already incumbent firms? The paper use unique matched firm-employees dataset that makes it possible to link new firm formation and information about the individuals employed in these new firms. The empirical results indicate that the individual and firm characteristics associated with employees differ between new and incumbent firms. In particular, the share of immigrants, recently graduated employees and people entering the labor market is slightly higher in new firms. Hence, new firms might play a more important role for outsiders in the labor market.
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; labour mobility; employment
    JEL: L21 L26 L62
    Date: 2011–05–24
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0250&r=cse
  10. By: Fairlie, Robert W. (University of California, Santa Cruz); Chatterji, Aaron K. (Duke University)
    Abstract: The economic expansion of the late 1990s created many opportunities for business creation in Silicon Valley, but the opportunity cost of starting a business was also high during this period because of the exceptionally tight labor market. A new measure of entrepreneurship derived from matching files from the Current Population Survey (CPS) is used to provide the first test of the hypothesis that business creation rates were high in Silicon Valley during the "Roaring 90s." Unlike previous measures of firm births based on large, nationally representative datasets, the new measure captures business creation at the individual-owner level, includes both employer and non-employer business starts, and focuses on only hi-tech industries. Estimates indicate that hi-tech entrepreneurship rates were lower in Silicon Valley than the rest of the United States during the period from January 1996 to February 2000. Examining the post-boom period, we find that entrepreneurship rates in Silicon Valley increased from the late 1990s to the early 2000s. Although Silicon Valley may be an entrepreneurial location overall, we provide the first evidence that the extremely tight labor market of the late 1990s, especially in hi-tech industries, may have suppressed business creation during this period.
    Keywords: entrepreneurship, high-technology, Silicon Valley, economic geography, regional clusters
    JEL: J26
    Date: 2011–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp5726&r=cse
  11. By: Oded Galor; Stelios Michalopoulos
    Date: 2011–05–22
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cla:levarc:786969000000000116&r=cse
  12. By: Pierre Cariou (World Maritime University - Malmø University, Euromed Management - Euromed Management - Marseille); François-Charles Wolff (INED - Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques Paris - INED, LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - Université de Nantes : EA4272)
    Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding of the probability that shipping companies outsource the management of vessels to ship management companies, a decision with many implications for the logistics chain. Data on 39,925 vessels are used to investigate to the extent to which 4,049 different ship-owners (each operating a fleet of at least two vessels) outsource to ship-management service providers. We rely on multinomial Logit random and fixed effects regressions to explain how the characteristics of the owners and vessels influence this decision. We find that the size of the firm in terms of the number of vessels and the number of different types of vessels influence the likelihood of outsourcing. Also, ship-owners frequently implement a mixed strategy and outsource only some of their vessels.
    Date: 2011
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-00593742&r=cse
  13. By: Akgun, A.A.; Baycan, T.; Nijkamp, P.
    Date: 2011
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dgr:vuarem:2011-20&r=cse
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