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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2011‒01‒16
nineteen papers chosen by Joao Jose de Matos Ferreira University of the Beira Interior |
| By: | Catherine Lecocq; Bart Leten; Jeroen Kusters; Bart Van Looy |
| Abstract: | Firms active in knowledge-intensive fields are increasingly organizing their R&D activities on an international scale. This paper investigates whether firms active in biotechnology can improve their technological performance by developing R&D activities in multiple technology clusters. Regions in the US, Japan and Europe, that host a concentration of biotechnology activity are identified as clusters. Fixed-effect panel data analyses with 59 biopharmaceutical firms (period 1995-2002) provides evidence for a positive, albeit diminishing (inverted-U shape) relationship between the number of technology clusters in which a firm is present and its overall technological performance. This effect is distinct from a mere multi-location effect. |
| Keywords: | region, clusters, biotechnology, technology clusters |
| JEL: | O30 R12 R30 |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1019&r=cse |
| By: | Mihaela MUREªAN (Christian University “Dimitrie Cantemir”, Bucharest); Emilia GOGU (Christian University “Dimitrie Cantemir”, Bucharest) |
| Abstract: | The paper approaches a subject of great novelty in knowledge-based society related to regional strategic decision making. This work and the innovative solutions introduced represent the results of a Romanian research project: “Regional Knowledge Management Architecture for the Regional Sustainable Strategy Development” (KnowHowReg), funded by the National Council for Higher Education and Research, Programme Ideas (code: 896, contract number: 383/2007). The research emphasizes the necessity of increasing the vitality of the local knowledge poles, by intensive use of scientific knowledge generated in the academic and research environment for a better fundament of the strategic decision making process at the regional level. The solution proposed, based on web 2.0 technologies, integrates e-Knowledge and e-Consultation tools in a regional portal, facilitating the bottom-up decision-making processes related to the regional strategy design and implementation. The paper focuses on e-Knowledge approach as a driver for the improvement of the decision making processes. |
| Keywords: | bottom-up decision making, regional knowledge management, e-Governance, e-Consultation. |
| JEL: | D81 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:39&r=cse |
| By: | Vladimir-Codrin IONESCU (University of Bucharest, Romania); Horea COROIU (National Defence University, Bucharest, Romania) |
| Abstract: | The strategic diagnosis analysis aims to assess the potential of small and medium enterprises by evaluating their inner resources and the business environment within which these enterprises perform their activity. As a first stage in the strategic management process, the strategic diagnosis analysis ensures the premises for founding, elaborating and operationalizing a competitive managerial strategy. In this context, the paper presents the conceptual criteria which are essential for thematically framing the strategic diagnosis analysis, and the main instruments that can be used by the small and medium enterprises in this strategic managerial process stage. |
| Keywords: | small and medium enterprise, strategic diagnosis analysis, strategic segmentation, strategic profile, technological profile, strategic group |
| JEL: | C81 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:21&r=cse |
| By: | Anca Maria HRISTEA (Academy of Economic Studies from Bucharest) |
| Abstract: | It appeared as an initiative of the big transnational companies in their fight for the maintaining and the improvement of their competitive position, Corporative Social Responsibility imposes itself nowadays as an innovative concept, usually associated to “society based on knowledge” that has as a purpose the improvement of the organization’s relationship with the environment (internal and external) and also on gaining some important advantages in connection to the competition. On the other hand, Knowledge management became in the last few years one of the most recent and innovative ways of formation, certification and international cooperation in the field of global consulting, that has as a final target the creation of value and the generation of competitive advantages at an organizational level. The convergence of both concepts towards the final purpose of improving the competitive advantages leads to the conclusion that both Corporative Social Responsibility and Knowledge Management are challenging intercession, of maximum interest, that conditions the evolution of modern society, even if sometimes they merge together, most of the times they complete each other while other times they are in opposition because of the actual state of the research. The paper focuses mainly on the systematical analysis of the concept of Corporative social responsibility at the level of economic entity, because the content of the notion of Knowledge Management is better known within the Conference, and the participants can formulate their own pro and con opinions in the relationship Corporative social responsibility – Knowledge Management. |
| Keywords: | corporate social responsibility, business ethics, knowledge management, stakeholders, commitment, performance, sustainability, competitive advantage. |
| JEL: | J54 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:27&r=cse |
| By: | Marta-Christina SUCIU (Academy of Economic Studies); Alexandru GHITIU-BRATESCU (Academy of Economic Studies); Ana-Maria NEAGU (Academy of Economic Studies); Mina FANEA-IVANOVICI (Academy of Economic Studies) |
| Abstract: | Nowadays knowledge and its strategic applications have become a major source of competitive advantage for organizations, regions and countries. According to the Complexity science approach KM regards to join all the capabilities (called by some authors “core competences”) such as to contribute for acquiring, creating, sharing, diffusing, utilizing, and storing knowledge among organizational members. Knowledge management seems to be one of the major factors for an organization long-run sustainable development and it plays a crucial role in developing a sustained competitive advantage for organizations, especially in a complex and dynamic environment. We consider the results of our study just a starting point for possible future theoretical and empirical investigations. This paper seeks to develop in Romania a framework of knowledge internalization based on the learning cycle theory. We appreciate that such a study could be quite a useful approach for both the academic and business communities in our country. |
| Keywords: | knowledge management, competitive advantage, education, lifelong learning, investment in education, knowledge-based society. |
| JEL: | I23 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:4&r=cse |
| By: | Chang, Chia-Lin; Robin, Stéphane |
| Abstract: | We examine the impact of R&D and technology imports on firm performance in Taiwan’s manufacturing industry in a policy context of industrial upgrading. To do so, we estimate a Translog production function on two panels (covering 1992-1995 and 1997-2003), using stochastic frontier models. We find that the effects of both knowledge inputs become significant in a larger number of industries in the second panel. These results suggest that the policies encouraging innovation implemented from 1991 onwards paid off in the second half of the 1990s, with innovation driving firm sales. In traditional industries, the effect of innovation can be interpreted as an effort to catch up with the global technology frontier. In the electronics and high-technology industries, it rather testifies of the emergence of a new domain of specialization for Taiwan – which was largely enabled by the aforementioned innovation policies. |
| Keywords: | Manufacturing Industries; Newly Industrialized Countries; Technology Imports - Stochastic Frontier Estimation. |
| JEL: | L25 O33 L60 |
| Date: | 2010–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:27913&r=cse |
| By: | Bárbara Larrañeta Gómez-Caminero (Department of Business Administration, Universidad Pablo de Olavide); F. Xavier Molina-Morales (Department of Business Administration & Marketing, Universitat Jaume I Castellon) |
| Abstract: | Recent studies are supporting the idea that understanding the dynamics of firms’ value creation requires a complex and indirect association with their relational or social resources. In particular, in bounded geographical contexts this approach is replacing initial, perhaps too simplistic, assumptions. With this paper our aim is to contribute to this growing stream of research. The work focuses on the specific effects of the strength of ties and the cognitive cohesion of clustered firms on the development of their competitive capabilities. We formed a unique dataset based on a sample of 116 clustered firms from the Spanish fishing sector, where competition is based on efficiency more than on differentiation or any other valuable activity. Our results show that the cognitive cohesion of a clustered firm has a positive curvilinear relation with its competitive capabilities. Yet, contrary to expectations, the strength of ties of a clustered firm has a significant negative curvilinear relation with its competitive capabilities. The implications and contribution of our findings to the literature on both social capital and regional clusters are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Social capital, tie strength, cognitive cohesion, regional clusters, competitive capabilities. |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pab:wpbsad:10.07&r=cse |
| By: | Radu VICTOR; Simion – MELINTE; Cezar-PETRE |
| Abstract: | Creating, managing and transferring knowledge is at the top of the agenda for a growing number of organizations. There are two approaches to knowledge management: the process approach and the practice approach. The process approach attempts to codify organizational knowledge through formalized controls, processes, and technologies. The practice approach to knowledge management assumes that a great deal of organizational knowledge is tacit in nature and that formal controls, processes, and technologies are not suitable for transmitting this type of understanding. Organizational culture is the most important factor in creating, enabling and sharing knowledge and a basic element for knowledge management. There are four cultural elements which can influence knowledge management: working groups and communities; beliefs and values; trust; credibility." |
| JEL: | D80 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:16&r=cse |
| By: | Jung Eun Lee; Younghoon Kim; Yeonbae Kim (Technology Management, Economics, and Policy Program (TEMEP), Seoul National University); Donghyuk Choi (Technology Management, Economics, and Policy Program (TEMEP), Seoul National University) |
| Abstract: | Although numerous papers have examined the ways in which firms can improve their innovative performance through technology alliances, empirical research on the effect of contract structures in technology licensing has been scarce. This study provides evidence that the payment mechanisms agreed upon in licensing contracts affect the licensee firms¡¯ innovative performance. Based on a dataset of technology licensing contracts concluded by small- and medium-sized enterprises around the world, this paper analyzes the influence of fixed-fee payments and ongoing payments?including royalty, milestone, and equity payments?on firm performance. The findings reveal that ongoing payments are more likely to positively influence the innovative performance of licensee firms. The results also suggest that equity grants to the licensor would not impact the licensee¡¯s performance as much as fixed-fee payments. These outcomes provide crucial insights into the ways in which small high-tech firms can utilize their external technology resources. |
| Keywords: | Technology licensing, payment mechanism, innovative performance, small-and-medium-sized enterprises. |
| JEL: | L24 O31 C35 |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:snv:dp2009:201071&r=cse |
| By: | Constantin BRATIANU (Faculty of Business Administration, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this paper is to present a new perspective of studying transgeneration knowledge transfer in a nested Ba. As a case study we choose Academy of Economic Study of Bucharest, Romania. Ba is a concept introduced in knowledge management by Nonaka and his co-workers, and it is the dynamic context for knowledge creation and knowledge sharing. A nested Ba is an organizational context characterized by several generations of people, interacting together in their activities. A university is by its own nature a nested Ba since in any department there are several age layers represented by professors, associated professors, lecturers and assistants. In such a context it is interesting how knowledge sharing is configured according to priorities given by professors to different academic strategies and activities. In our research we have used the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). |
| JEL: | D83 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:1&r=cse |
| By: | Vladimir-Codrin IONESCU (University of Bucharest, Romania); Toma PLEªANU (“Carol I” National Defence University, Bucharest, Romania) |
| Abstract: | In order to constantly create competitive advantages in relationship with the competing companies, small and medium enterprises must promote adequate business strategies which should take into account both the modifications occurring in the business environment and their organizational development stage. Designing and implementing business strategies in small and medium enterprises is of major significance both from a theoretical and methodological, as well as from a practical and an applicative point of view. In this context, the paper aims to reveal significant aspects concerning strategy foundation, elaboration and implementation in small and medium enterprises. |
| Keywords: | small and medium enterprise (SME), strategy, designing, implementation, economic efficiency |
| JEL: | P40 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:20&r=cse |
| By: | Domenico CONSOLI (University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino, Italy) |
| Abstract: | Generally a good business organization presents an efficient Knowledge Management (KM) system. In the enterpise it’s very important the integration of technological, procedural and organizational know-how. The skills acquired by employees, over time, must be transformed in explicit knowledge and distributed on enterprise community to support decision making for strategic planning. Information and communication technology (ICT) supports very well the flow of knowledge inside enterprise and its trasformation. |
| Keywords: | knowledge management, knowledge building, web 2.0 tools, information and communication technology. |
| JEL: | D83 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:10&r=cse |
| By: | Sara Tessitore (Lab. MaIn – Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa); Tiberio Daddi (Lab. MaIn – Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa); Fabio Iraldo (– Institute for Environmental and Energy Policy and Economics, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy) |
| Abstract: | The article aims to investigate the presence of a correlation between eco-innovation and economic performance of an industrial district. The case analyzed in this article takes its cue from a study on a sample of 54 Italian industrial districts entitled "Eco-Districts" that, based on a series of criteria, has compiled a list of the most eco-efficient industrial districts. After selecting two districts in the field, but analyzed in this study for their different levels of eco-innovation, the article assesses the economic performance of the last three years through the analysis of trends in four indicators. However, the results show that only in some cases there is a connection between eco innovation and economic performance. |
| Keywords: | industrial clusters, industrial districts, eco-innovation, economic performance |
| Date: | 2010–02–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sse:wpaper:201005&r=cse |
| By: | Dan Constantin TOFAN (Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest) |
| Abstract: | How people work requires knowledge and knowledge management is the fundamental glue that binds an IT organization and transitions it from good to great. ITIL, in its third version, has adopted a new process, related to knowledge management, and became even more business oriented service management standard. |
| Keywords: | knowledge, management, information, technology, infrastructure, library |
| JEL: | D83 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:41&r=cse |
| By: | Lucian HANCU (“Babes-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca) |
| Abstract: | Knowledge Management deals with a multitude of tasks that range from the representation to the evolution of knowledge in its various forms. Understanding the way in which knowledge is used contributes to the improvement of the Knowledge Management Systems at the organizational level. This paper aims at investigating the risks that appear in the process of Knowledge Sharing when two or more distinct companies with different enterprise cultures collaborate, as in the form of a Virtual Enterprise or a recently-completed Merger or Acquisition. We consider the risks identified in the research literature that are linked to the Knowledge Sharing Process in Virtual Organizations and discuss to which extent these risks might appear during the integration process of both Mergers and Acquisitions. An Automatic Supervisor Module of a Knowledge Management System is subsequently presented, with the purpose of continuously monitoring these risks and promoting the sharing of knowledge within a collaborative context. |
| Keywords: | Knowledge Management, Knowledge Sharing, Virtual Organizations, Mergers and Acquisitions |
| JEL: | D80 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:11&r=cse |
| By: | Iulia MÃRIEª (Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest) |
| Abstract: | The main objective of the paper is to highlight the characteristics of knowledge-based systems and to present the concept „community of practice” in the context of knowledge-based economy. The paper addresses the new trends and challenges of knowledge dynamics within communities of practice and examines the emergence of this type of communities. |
| Keywords: | knowledge-based systems, emergence, adaptation, communities of practice |
| JEL: | D80 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:44&r=cse |
| By: | Dan POPESCU (“Academy of Economic Studies from Bucharest”); Iulia CHIVU (“Academy of Economic Studies from Bucharest”); Alina CIOCÂRLAN-CHITUCEA (“Academy of Economic Studies from Bucharest”); Daniela Oana POPESCU (“Academy of Economic Studies from Bucharest”) |
| Abstract: | Romanian economic environment, in terms of social and cultural boundaries suppression, was oriented towards the knowledge global trend, but in the absence of strategic options, it was unsystematic, especially manifested informaly and randomly: a local, disorganized phenomenum. The new communication process type of approach outlines a map of knowledge management in education and creates the necessary infrastructure to support teaching and learning within universities, while increasing the quality of academic training provides highly qualified graduates for the Romanian economic environment. |
| Keywords: | technology, education communication, |
| JEL: | I20 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:40&r=cse |
| By: | Sorina- Andreea PUSCASU (Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest) |
| Abstract: | Considering that entrepreneurship is closely related to the environmental evolution and dynamism in which it take place, and depending of all its factors: economical, social, cultural, etc., this study tries to outline an overview of what the social and cultural environment, the entrepreneurial activity and the connection between these two mean. The analysis of social and cultural environment on the entrepreneurial activity highlights the importance of social and cultural factors in the entrepreneurial activity because its evolution depends from country to country, depending on the culture, values, norms and importance the respective country give to entrepreneurship. |
| Keywords: | impact, environment, entrepreneurial activity |
| JEL: | L26 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:22&r=cse |
| By: | Lucian Dragoº POPESCU („CAROL I” National Defense University); Diana ÞUÞUIANU („CAROL I” National Defense University) |
| Abstract: | The survival of any organization depends on its capacity to adjust to the social and technological environment it belongs to. All organizations exist through and for people. The logical consequence of these statements is that organizations must follow the current trends on world’s labour market and take adequate measures in order to have a proper development in this respect. |
| Keywords: | organizations, knowledge based society, adjust |
| JEL: | D80 |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:km2010:24&r=cse |