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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2010‒06‒26
eighteen papers chosen by Joao Jose de Matos Ferreira University of the Beira Interior |
| By: | Corinne Autant-Bernard (GATE Lyon Saint-Etienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - CNRS : UMR5824 - Université Lumière - Lyon II - Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines); Nadine Massard (GATE Lyon Saint-Etienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - CNRS : UMR5824 - Université Lumière - Lyon II - Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines); Muriel Fadairo (GATE Lyon Saint-Etienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - CNRS : UMR5824 - Université Lumière - Lyon II - Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines) |
| Abstract: | This article builds upon empirical results concerning localised knowledge spillovers to highlight some policy implications within European regions. The analysis emphasises the role of regional innovation policies in supporting the institutions that generate knowledge and learning. However, the variety of regional features presented in the empirical literature suggests that the search for universal policy tools is unrealistic. From this perspective, we argue that original strategies must be generated to cope with the various dilemmas faced by regional innovation policies. Such specific strategies require accurate knowledge of local features. Improving data and indicators to diagnose and monitor regional innovation is therefore presented as a key issue for policy makers |
| Keywords: | innovation policy ; localised knowledge flows ; European regions ; knowledge-based economy |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00491062_v1&r=cse |
| By: | Michaela Trippl |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wiwsre:sre-disc-2010_02&r=cse |
| By: | Tommy Clausen (Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture, University of Oslo); Mikko Pohjola (Turku School of Economics, Finland); Koson Sapprasert (Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture, University of Oslo); Bart Verspagen (Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture, University of Oslo) |
| Abstract: | An important topic in the recent literature on firms’ innovation is the question of whether, and to what extent, firms which innovate once have a higher probability of innovating again in subsequent periods. This phenomenon is called the ‘persistence of innovation’. Although the literature has established that innovation persistence is indeed important from an empirical point of view, relatively little attention has been paid to identifying the reasons why this is the case. This study proposes that the differences in innovation strategies across firms are an important driving force behind innovation persistence, and analyses this issue using a panel database constructed from R&D and Community Innovation Surveys in Norway. Empirical measures of various innovation strategies are identified by means of a factor analysis. A cluster analysis is used in addition to a dynamic random effects probit model to extend the methodology adopted by prior studies, for the purpose to not only examine innovation persistence, but also determine how this persistence is influenced by innovation strategies. The results support the idea that the differences in innovation strategies across firms are an important determinant of the firms’ probability to repeatedly innovate. The study also distinguishes the effects of strategy differences on the persistence of product and process innovation in all firms, and within high-tech versus low-tech firms. |
| Keywords: | Persistence of innovation, Firm heterogeneity, Innovation strategy, Panel data |
| Date: | 2010–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tik:inowpp:20100617&r=cse |
| By: | Mirko Titze; Matthias Brachert; Alexander Kubis |
| Abstract: | We use a combination of measures of spatial concentration, qualitative input-output analysis and innovation interaction matrices to identify the horizontal and vertical dimension of industrial clusters in Saxony in 2005. We describe the spatial allocation of the industrial clusters and show possibilities of vertical interaction of clusters based on intermediate goods flows. With the help of region and sector-specific knowledge interaction matrices we are able to show that a sole focus on intermediate goods flows limits the identification of innovative actors in industrial clusters, as knowledge flows and intermediate goods flows do not show any major overlaps. |
| Date: | 2010–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iwh:dispap:14-10&r=cse |
| By: | Valérie Sabatier (GAEL - Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - INRA : UR1215 - Université Pierre Mendès-France - Grenoble II, 3PX Therapeutics - 3PX Therapeutics, MTS - Management Technologique et Strategique - Grenoble Ecole de Management); Vincent Mangematin (MTS - Management Technologique et Strategique - Grenoble Ecole de Management); Tristan Rouselle (3PX Therapeutics - 3PX Therapeutics) |
| Abstract: | At the crossroad of firm's core competencies and of the anticipations of consumers' needs, the business model approach complements corporate and business strategy approaches. Firms combine several business models simultaneously to deliver value to different markets, building a portfolio of business model. For managers, business model and business model portfolio are particularly useful to address customer's needs and organisational capabilities of the firm. They also emphasise how the initial core competency of the firm can be extended or redeployed to increase the rent. Business model portfolio describes the firm's strategy to balance time-to-market, revenue stream, risk and interdependencies. It conceptualises firm diversification within the same industry to generate and capture rents. They finally describe two generic dimensions: core competence extension to enlarge the market and to address additional customers and core competence redeployment to serve similar market with the same core competence. |
| Keywords: | Biopharmaceutical; portfolio; corporate strategy; business strategy; core competence; coherence; value chain |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:gemptp:hal-00430782_v1&r=cse |
| By: | Ricardo Monges-Gonzalez; John Hewitt |
| Abstract: | This paper addresses the relationships between innovation, research and development (R&D) and productivity in domestic ICT firms in Costa Rica. Factors considered were the types of innovation outputs produced by domestic ICT firms, the relative importance of innovation inputs, the impacts of innovation on firm productivity, the protection of innovations, and impediments to innovation. While most firms engaged in all types of output and input innovations, they appear to be driven by retaining or increasing market share rather than increasing productivity. Half of firms do not formally protect the intellectual property created by their innovations, are not familiar with methods for protecting innovation or the availability of government grants for such purposes, and face barriers associated with the Costa Rican Patent Office. Other impediments include lack of knowledge about financial resources available and scarcity of human resources. There is also evidence of knowledge spillovers through worker mobility from multinationals operating in Costa Rica to domestic ICT firms. |
| Keywords: | Research and development, Information communications technology, Innovation, Costa Rica |
| JEL: | L20 L63 L86 O31 |
| Date: | 2010–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:wpaper:4670&r=cse |
| By: | Edwards, Mónica; Fernández-Diego, Marta; González-Ladrón-de-Guevara, Fernando |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes the interrelationships between creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship as key enablers of an entrepreneurial and innovation-oriented culture. Empirical results of exploring perceptions and opinions about these three concepts are presented, using a sample of 121 engineering students. The findings show that the majority of students perceive the traditional linear model of innovation and consider innovation strongly related to creativity but moderately related to entrepreneurship. There are contradictions between the students' self-perceptions as entrepreneurs, their high desirability to start a new firm and their work preferences after graduation, which are principally to get a job in a private company and become public servants. Their low willingness for mobility and the poor contribution of the education system in developing their innovation and entrepreneurial competences constitutes other relevant obstacles for improving an entrepreneurial and innovation-oriented culture. |
| Keywords: | engineering students; perceptions; innovation; entrepreneurship; creativity; competences |
| JEL: | L26 |
| Date: | 2010–04–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ing:wpaper:201004&r=cse |
| By: | Hamilton , Ian (Umeå School of Business at Umeå University); Eriksson, Jessica (Umeaå School of Business at Umeå University) |
| Abstract: | Investors spend money and resources trying to reduce the environmental, social, and governance risks in companies they own. If unattended, these risks may cause reputational damage not only to the portfolio firm, but also to its owner. In this paper, we study five Swedish national pension funds and the influence strategies used in shareholder engagement. Knowledge about influence strategies is important because successful shareholder engagements can lead to more sustainable corporate behaviour and a lower risk to the investor. Our findings show that, besides traditional power and legitimacy dependencies which have been reported as influential in deciding stakeholder salience, we present five additional factors in determining influence strategies in shareholder engagement. We provide a conceptual model showing how these factors interlink with choices of influence strategies, offering a practical use of this study. Stakeholder theory has been used as our theoretical frame of reference, based on existing influence strategy literature taken from the stakeholder–firm perspective. |
| Keywords: | case study; ESG directive; influence strategy; pension funds; reputation risk; responsible investment; shareholder engagement; shareholder salience; stakeholder theory |
| Date: | 2010–06–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhb:sicgwp:2010_008&r=cse |
| By: | Gabaldón-Estevan, Daniel; Molina-Morales, Francesc Xavier; Fernández-de-Lucio, Ignacio |
| Abstract: | This work applies the systemic approach to analyze the innovation process in an industrial district through the notion of the District Innovation System. We are particularly interested in the analysis of the interactions between the productive-technological and the scientific environments through the analysis of research contracts and patents. The empirical section of the paper develops a quantitative analysis of the interactions between different actors of the system included in the district. This analysis was used to indicate the special features of the innovation system in a territorially bounded industrial district. Findings suggest relevant conclusions about specific characteristics of the inter-organizational environments in the industrial district which have to be considered. |
| Keywords: | innovation systems; industrial districts, tile industry; agglomeration; research contracts; patents |
| Date: | 2009–06–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ing:wpaper:200901&r=cse |
| By: | Pitelis, Christos; Teece, David |
| Abstract: | The concepts of asset co-specialization and dynamic capabilities have been instrumental in furthering the organization and strategy scholarship agenda, but have so far had limited impact to the theory of the MNE and FDI. In addition, the role of entrepreneurial management in orchestrating system-wide value creation through market and eco-system creation and co-creation, in order to advance private appropriation, has been all but ignored. We claim that these ideas can help explicate the nature of the MNE in the knowledge-based, semi-globalized economy. The nature of the MNE in its turn should not be seen as separable from either the objectives of the agents (entrepreneurs) who set them up or its essence – the employment of strategy to capture co-created value. |
| Keywords: | Asset Co-specialisation; Dynamic Capabilities; Cross-border Market and Ecosystem Co-creation; Theory of MNE and FDI; Entrepreneurial Theory |
| JEL: | F23 F21 |
| Date: | 2010–03–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:23301&r=cse |
| By: | Christoph Kober |
| Date: | 2010–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wiwneu:neurusp139&r=cse |
| By: | Shingo Kimura; Jesús Antón; Christine LeThi |
| Abstract: | This Working Paper presents the work on farm level analysis of risk management environment, strategies and policies. Two types of results are presented: statistical indicators of risk exposure at the individual level, and micro model simulation results on risk management strategies. |
| JEL: | Q10 Q13 Q18 R34 R38 |
| Date: | 2010–06–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:agraaa:26-en&r=cse |
| By: | Jan Fagerberg (Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture, University of Oslo); Koson Sapprasert (Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture, University of Oslo) |
| Abstract: | New types of knowledge, and new ways of organising the production of it, may emerge as knowledge producers respond to the challenges posed by a changing society. This study will focus on the core knowledge of one such emerging field, namely, innovation studies, i.e. the attempt to understand the social process which enables the continuation of qualitative improvements of products, technologies, and the organisation of economic activities. To explore the knowledge base of innovation, a new data base of references in scholarly surveys of various aspects of innovation, mostly published in “handbooks”, is developed. The paper describes the process that led to the construction of the data base and its exploitation in identifying the core literature on innovation. Furthermore, the characteristics of this literature, the central contributors and the use of the literature (as reflected by references to this core literature in scholarly journals) are analysed. Finally, cluster analysis is used to make inferences about how the field is structured and its links with different disciplinary and cross-disciplinary contexts. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, cross-disciplinarity, emerging scientific field, social science |
| Date: | 2010–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tik:inowpp:20100616&r=cse |
| By: | Consoli, Davide; Elche Hortelano, Dioni |
| Abstract: | Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) are intermediary firms specialized in knowledge screening, assessment, evaluation, and trading services in the form of consultancy. Their emergence fits a wider trajectory in the development of modern knowledge economies whereby increasing sectoral specialisation requires the expansion of activities which facilitate cross-sectoral relations. In spite of continued expansion and diversification scholarly work still portrays KIBS as a homogeneous group of activities. This paper uses official data on occupational information in the United States in search of variety across KIBS sectors, and points specifically at differences in the occupational structures and skill requirements. |
| JEL: | J24 L84 O33 |
| Date: | 2010–01–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ing:wpaper:200909&r=cse |
| By: | Pedro Cantos Sanchez (ERI-CES); Rafael Moner-Colonques (ERI-CES); Jose Sempere-Monerris (ERI-CES); Oscar Alvarez (IEI) |
| Abstract: | This paper develops a theoretical model for freight transport characterized by competition between means of transport (the road and maritime sectors), where modes are perceived as differentiated products. Competitive behavior is assumed in the road freight sector, and there are constant returns to scale. In contrast, the freight maritime sector is characterized by oligopolistic behavior, where shipping lines enjoy economies of scale. The market equilibrium where the shipping lines behave as profit maximizers, provides a first approximation to the determinants of market shares, profits, and user welfare. We then characterize the equilibrium when horizontal integration of shipping lines occurs, with and without further economies of scale. An empirical application to the routes Valencia-Antwerp and Valencia-Genoa uncovers that the joint profit of the merged firms and social welfare always increase. However, user surplus only increases when economies of scale are significantly exploited |
| Keywords: | freight transport, shipping lines, horizontal integration |
| Date: | 2010–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dbe:wpaper:0710&r=cse |
| By: | Manjarrés-Henríquez, Liney; Gutiérrez-Gracia, Antonio; Vega-Jurado, Jaider; Carrión-García, Andrés |
| Abstract: | El establecimiento de forma generalizada de las relaciones entre la Universidad y la empresa ha abierto un campo de estudio de gran interés, centrado en los efectos que tales relaciones pudiesen tener sobre las misiones universitarias tradicionales, especialmente sobre la investigación. En este artículo se analiza si las relaciones universidad empresa (RUE) inhiben la productividad científica de los profesores universitarios. El estudio empírico toma como caso de análisis las dos universidades más importantes de la Comunidad Valenciana- España. La muestra final está conformada por 2034 profesores, de los que se tiene información para el periodo 1999-2004. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el efecto de las relaciones universidad-empresa sobre la productividad científica del profesor esta condicionado por el tipo de actividad de vinculación y las características del socio con el que se establece dicha relación. |
| Date: | 2009–07–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ing:wpaper:200906&r=cse |
| By: | Daniel S. Holland |
| Abstract: | Fisheries management is complicated in nearly all cases by a high degree of uncertainty about the current state and expected growth of fish stocks and about the economic and social factors that affect the desirable harvest levels. Even for fisheries with excellent data collection programs, scientific surveys and sophisticated assessments, the estimates of catch levels that will maintain healthy fisheries or rebuild depleted ones are often far from accurate. Consequently recommended catch levels often fluctuate more than necessary in response to error in assessments rather than true stock variability and frequently react too slowly due to lags in data collection, assessment and implementation. Overly optimistic estimates of stock size and future growth have often led to allowing catch levels that undermine rebuilding. Fishery management strategies also rarely include specific objectives developed with stakeholder involvement which can undermine stakeholders‘ support for conservation even when it may be in their best interest. In this paper I discuss an approach for evaluating and implementing fishery management strategies known as management strategy evaluation (MSE), also sometimes referred to as the management procedure (MP) approach that is designed to identify and operationalise strategies for managing fisheries that are robust to several types of uncertainty and capable of balancing multiple economic, social and biological objectives. When implemented correctly an MSE should result in clear and measurable objectives and a robust process for achieving them that fishery managers and stakeholders have jointly developed and agreed to. I review several examples of MSEs that have been used to evaluate, and in some cases implement, rebuilding strategies for overfished fisheries. These case studies demonstrate how the MSE approach has been applied and some of its advantages and limitations |
| Keywords: | Management Strategy Evaluation, Fisheries Rebuilding, Fisheries Economics, South African Hake, New Zealand Rock Lobster, Fisheries management |
| Date: | 2010–06–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:agraaa:25-en&r=cse |
| By: | Vega-Jurado, Jaider; Gutiérrez-Gracia, Antonio; Fernández-de-Lucio, Ignacio |
| Abstract: | Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el papel que ejerce la cooperación con agentes científicos (universidades, OPIs) sobre la innovación industrial, usando una muestra amplia de empresas manufactureras localizadas en un país tecnológicamente seguidor (España). Para ello se desarrolla un modelo de análisis que considera: a) los factores que influyen en la cooperación con dichos agentes; y b) la efectividad de dicha cooperación como estrategia de innovación empresarial. Los resultados muestran que en el contexto español la cooperación entre empresas y agentes científicos parece estar más motivada por el acceso a recursos financieros, a través de la participación en programas públicos de apoyo a la innovación, que por la búsqueda e integración de conocimiento y habilidades complementarias de los socios. De esta forma, aunque las empresas tienden a cooperar proporcionalmente más con las universidades que con otros agentes, dicha cooperación no parece estar orientada al desarrollo de actividades clave para la introducción de productos nuevos en el mercado. |
| Date: | 2009–07–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ing:wpaper:200905&r=cse |