nep-cse New Economics Papers
on Economics of Strategic Management
Issue of 2010‒06‒11
fourteen papers chosen by
Joao Jose de Matos Ferreira
University of the Beira Interior
  1. The complex interaction between Global Production Networks, Digital Information Systems and International Knowledge Transfers By Jarle Hildrum; Dieter Ernst; Jan Fagerberg
  2. Why are good comparative studies of networks so rare? Practical lessons from a study on French clusters By Thierry Weil; Anna Glaser; Emilie-Pauline Gallié; Valérie Mérindol; Philippe Lefebvre; Frédérique Pallez
  3. Regional efficiency of knowledge economy in the new EU countries: The Romanian and Bulgarian case By Roman, Monica
  4. University Education, Public Research and Employment Growth in Regions – An Empirical Study of Germany By Thomas Brenner; Charlotte Schlump
  5. Does the institution of State Business Relations matter for Firm Performance? – A study of Indian Manufacturing By Kathuria, Vinish; Natarajan, Rajesh Raj; Sen, Kunal
  6. Quality Competition or Quality Cooperation? License-Type and the Strategic Nature of Open Source vs. Closed Source Business Models By Sebastian von Engelhardt
  7. University-Industry Interactions: The unresolved puzzle By Bodas Freitas Isabel Maria; Geuna Aldo; Rossi Federica
  8. Entrepreneurship and the National System of Innovation: What is Missing in Turkey? By Bascavusoglu-Moreau, Elif
  9. Determinants of Portuguese Exports to Spain: An analysis at the enterprise level By Joana C. Lima; Horácio C. Faustino
  10. Growth strategies and value creation: what works best for stock exchanges? By Iftekhar Hasan; Heiko Schmiedel; Liang Song
  11. The Allocation of Entrepreneurial Talent and Destructive Entrepreneurship By Sanders, Mark; Weitzel, Utz
  12. Tourism and Growth in European Countries: An Application of Likelihood-Based Panel Cointegration By Felipa de Mello-Sampayo; Sofia de Sousa-Vale
  13. Clusters de la industria en el Peru By Jorge Torres Zorrilla
  14. Analyzing trade competitiveness : a diagnostics approach By Farole, Thomas; Reis, Jose Guilherme; Wagle, Swarnim
  1. By: Jarle Hildrum; Dieter Ernst; Jan Fagerberg
    Abstract: Traditionally many studies of knowledge in economics have focused on localized networks and intra-regional collaborations. However, the rising frequency by which firms collaborate within the context of global networks of production and innovation, the increasingly intricate divisions of labor involved and the extensive use of the Internet to facilitate interaction are all relatively novel trends that underline the importance of knowledge creation and flows across different locations. Focusing on this topic, the present chapter examines the complex interactions between global production networks (GPN), digital information systems (DIS) and knowledge transfers in information technology industries. It seeks to disentangle the various conduits through which different kinds of knowledge are transferred within such networks, and investigate how recent generations of DIS are affecting those knowledge transfers. The paper concludes that the dual expansion of GPN and DIS is adding new complexity to the practice of innovation: To access knowledge necessary for sustained creativity firms often have to link up with remote partners in GPN, but to be able to absorb and utilize this knowledge, they also frequently have to engage in local interactive learning processes. These local- global linkages - and the various skills necessary to operate them - are strongly interdependent, mutually reinforcing and critical for the development and maintenance of innovation-based competitiveness.
    Date: 2010–04
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:icr:wpicer:07-2010&r=cse
  2. By: Thierry Weil (CERNA - Centre d'économie industrielle - Mines ParisTech); Anna Glaser (CERNA - Centre d'économie industrielle - Mines ParisTech); Emilie-Pauline Gallié (IMRI, Université Paris Dauphine - Institut pour le management de la recherche et de l'innovation - Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX); Valérie Mérindol (IMRI - Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX); Philippe Lefebvre (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - Mines ParisTech); Frédérique Pallez (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - Mines ParisTech)
    Abstract: French “competitiveness clusters” were set up in 2005 to strengthen cooperation between small and large enterprises, and training and research institutions working on similar topics and located in the same geographical area, with the aim of making this area more competitive and attractive through enhanced innovation. Our analysis of this set of about 70 apparently similar networks, on which much data were collected, has given us an opportunity to investigate the factors explaining the differences in their performance.
    Keywords: Clusters, networks, network performance, context, innovation policy
    Date: 2010
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00488404_v1&r=cse
  3. By: Roman, Monica
    Abstract: The economic success is more and more based on upon the effective utilization of intangible assets such as knowledge, skills and innovative potential as the key resource for competitive advantage. For transition countries, such as Romania and Bulgaria, the efficiency of research and development activities is particularly important, since technological progress is one of the core aspects of economic growth. In this article we describe the common features of the two countries, but also the existing differences in respect with knowledge based economy. There are significant regional differences within the countries and marginal regions must close the gap with more developed regions. The paper analyzes research efficiency at the regional level for NUTS2 regions from Romania and Bulgaria between 2003 and 2005, applying a DEA framework. Our main finding is that Bulgarian regions are more efficient in R&D activities compared to Romanian ones. The only Romanian efficient region is Bucuresti Ilfov, while the other two efficient regions are rather small Bulgarian regions, with fewer resources. They show a remarkably high level of research efficiency, whereas some of the larger regions (both from Romania and Bulgaria) lag behind.
    Keywords: regions knowledge economy transition countries efficiency DEA
    JEL: R58 P27 R11 O31
    Date: 2010–02
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:23083&r=cse
  4. By: Thomas Brenner (Department of Geography, Philipps University Marburg); Charlotte Schlump (Department of Geography, Philipps University Marburg)
    Abstract: Universities and research institutes are seen as important drivers of the regional economy. Their impact on regional entrepreneurial and innovation activity is well documented. On the other hand, their influence on regional employment growth is less researched. This paper provides an extensive empirical analysis of the relationship between the education of university graduates and employees in research institutes and the growth of employment in a region. The analysis is done for nine industries separately. We find that university graduates have a significant influence on employment growth in several industries, while an influence of public research institutes is found only for a few industries. For most control variables the findings differ between manufacturing and service industries. Such a clear difference between the two types of industries is not found for university graduates and public research institutes.
    Keywords: Universities, Research Institutes, Regional Employment Growth
    JEL: H52 I2 J20
    Date: 2010–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pum:wpaper:2010-02&r=cse
  5. By: Kathuria, Vinish; Natarajan, Rajesh Raj; Sen, Kunal
    Abstract: This paper examines the role of the external institutional environment captured by effective state-business relations on firm performance. By effective state-business relations, we mean a set of highly institutionalized, responsive and public interactions between the state and the business sector. We find that effective state-business relations have had a discernible positive impact on firm performance in Indian formal manufacturing for the years 2000-01 and 2004-05. We also find internal and external institutional factors are complementary to firm performance - smaller firms, firms in urban areas, older firms and firms in simpler organizational forms benefit more.
    Keywords: State business relations; firm productivity; manufacturing sector; India
    JEL: L25 O43 O53
    Date: 2010–06–03
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:23053&r=cse
  6. By: Sebastian von Engelhardt (School of Economics and Business Administration, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena)
    Abstract: In the ICT sector, product-software is an important factor for the quality of the products (e.g. cell phones). In this context, open source software enables firms to avoid quality competition as they can cooperate on quality without an explicit contract. The economics of open source (OS) versus closed source (CS) business models are analyzed in a general two- stage model that combines aspects of non-cooperative R&D with the theory of differentiated oligopolies: In stage one, firms develop software, either as OS or CS, or as a an OS-CS-mix if the license allows. In stage two, firms bundle this with complementary products and compete à la Cournot. The model allows for horizontal product differentiation in stage two. The finding are: 1.) While CS-decisions are always strategic substitutes, OS-decisions can be strategic complements. Furthermore, CS is a strategic substitute to OS and vice versa. 2.) The type of OS-license plays a crucial role: only if the license prohibits a direct OS-CS code mix (like the GPL), then Nash-equilibria with firms producing OS code exist for all parameters. 3.) In the equilibrium of a mixed industry with restricted licenses, OS-firms offer lower quality than their CS-rivals.
    Keywords: open source, commercial open source, Cournot, R&D
    JEL: D43 L17 O34
    Date: 2010–06–03
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2010-034&r=cse
  7. By: Bodas Freitas Isabel Maria; Geuna Aldo (University of Turin); Rossi Federica
    Date: 2010–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:labeco:201009&r=cse
  8. By: Bascavusoglu-Moreau, Elif
    Abstract: Although very dynamic and flexible, Turkish SMEs are less innovative than their European counterparts. The analysis undertaken in this paper allows to assess whether this low level of innovative activities is related to a lack of entrepreneurial behaviour
    Keywords: entrepreneurship, national systems of innovation, SMEs, innovative capabilities,
    Date: 2010
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2010-54&r=cse
  9. By: Joana C. Lima; Horácio C. Faustino
    Abstract: This study examines the evolution of Portuguese exports to Spain and its determinants in the period 2004-2008, based on a sample of the 97 largest exporters to Spain. The study uses various economic and financial indicators to characterize these companies and comparison is made between the sample’s five largest companies and five of the small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The analysis highlights the geographic concentration of companies in the districts of Porto and Aveiro and the better performance of large enterprises in terms of productivity, return on equity and average salary compared to SMEs. The econometric study, using panel data, considers as theoretically relevant explanatory variables the gross added value, net income, equity, the size of the company, the remuneration and expenditure on research and development (R&D). The results of the estimated model confirm the positive influence of these variables on the variation of exports, although the expenditure on R&D proved to be statistically insignificant.
    Keywords: enterprises, exports, panel data, economic and financial indicators, Portugal, Spain.
    Date: 2010–04
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ise:isegwp:wp72010&r=cse
  10. By: Iftekhar Hasan (Lally School of Management and Technology of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street - Pittsburgh Building, Troy, NY, U.S.A., 12180.); Heiko Schmiedel (European Central Bank, Payments and Market Infrastructure, Kaiserstrasse 29, 60311 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.); Liang Song (Lally School of Management and Technology of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street - Pittsburgh Building, Troy, NY, U.S.A., 12180.)
    Abstract: In recent years, demutualized stock exchanges have been increasingly engaging in M&A and alliance activities. To examine the effect of these growth strategies on exchange shareholders’ value creation, we focus on 14 public stock exchanges and investigate their short-run share price responses to the formation of 110 M&As and alliances all over the world spanning the period 2000-2008. Our findings show that the average stock price responses for M&As and alliances are positive. M&As create more value than alliances. For alliances, joint ventures generate more value than non-equity alliances. More value accrues when the integration is horizontal (cross-border) than when it is vertical (domestic). Additionally, there is evidence of learning-by-doing effects in stock exchange integration activities. Finally, we find that the better the shareholder protection, accounting standards and capital market development in the partner exchange’s country, the higher the merger and alliance premium for our sample exchange. These patterns are consistent when we examine the exchanges’ long-run performance. JEL Classification: L22, G32, D23.
    Keywords: exchanges, mergers and acquisitions, strategic alliances, joint ventures, network organization.
    Date: 2010–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20101201&r=cse
  11. By: Sanders, Mark; Weitzel, Utz
    Abstract: Entrepreneurship is generally regarded as a force of change, innovation, and development in modern economies. Entrepreneurs bring new and better products to markets, restore allocative efficiency through arbitrage and reinvest their profits. However,
    Keywords: destructive entrepreneurship, allocation of talent, development, institutions
    Date: 2010
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2010-46&r=cse
  12. By: Felipa de Mello-Sampayo (ISCTE - Lisbon University Institute - Department of Economics and UNIDE-ERC); Sofia de Sousa-Vale (ISCTE - Lisbon University Institute - Department of Economics and UNIDE-ERC)
    Abstract: The tourism and economic growth relationship is investigated for a panel of European countries over the period 1988–2010. The results reveal that the variables contain a panel unit root and they cointegrate in a panel perspective. The findings show that tourism enhance economic growth for some countries in the sample.
    Keywords: Tourism, Economic growth, Rank tests, Panel unit root tests, Panel cointegration
    JEL: F43 C33 L83
    Date: 2010–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:isc:wpaper:ercwp0510&r=cse
  13. By: Jorge Torres Zorrilla
    Abstract: This study presents a cluster analysis of all industrial sectors in Peru, which is derived from the information contained in the input-output matrix of the Peruvian economy for the year 1994. The study lists the most important firms in every cluster, it describes the production links among firms and the final destination of all outputs, and it provides information on who are the owners of some of the most important firms. The conclusions of the study are: (i) industrial clusters in Peru are yet in the first stages of development; (ii) there are limitations for further clustering due to: low technological capabilities, to lack of capacity to generate innovations and transfer learning experiences, to insufficient domestic demands which only allow small scales of production, and to present-day restrictions for external financing and new direct foreign investment; (iii) the most-developed industrial clusters in Peru are those related to the exporting complexes of the economy: Mining-Metal Industries, Fishing, and Textiles.
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pcp:pucwps:wp00228&r=cse
  14. By: Farole, Thomas; Reis, Jose Guilherme; Wagle, Swarnim
    Abstract: Trade has proven to be a powerful engine of growth worldwide. But not all countries have benefited equally. Despite much effort to use trade policy to catalyze exports, many developing countries have failed to achieve successful, sustainable export and economic growth. Even with the benefit of preferential market access, many developing country exporters face a broad and diverse set of constraints that limit their potential to compete in export markets. This paper discusses the concept of"competitiveness"with respect to trade and the various dimensions on which trade competitiveness might be assessed. It argues there is a need for a framework by which trade competitiveness can be assessed in a systematic way. Inspired by the"growth diagnostics"approach, it outlines a possible framework for assessing factors that facilitate or constrain trade competitiveness.
    Keywords: Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Markets and Market Access,E-Business,Currencies and Exchange Rates
    Date: 2010–06–01
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:5329&r=cse
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