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on Economics of Strategic Management |
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Issue of 2009‒10‒24
twelve papers chosen by Joao Jose de Matos Ferreira University of the Beira Interior |
| By: | Rennings, Klaus; Rammer, Christian |
| Abstract: | Energy and resource efficiency innovations (EREIs) are often seen as win-win opportunities for both the economic and the environmental performance of firms. It is thus worth asking how the innovation activities and performance of firms with regard to energy and resource efficiency look like: Do EREI firms follow distinct innovation strategies? Do EREIs spur or limit innovation success? And what are the particular features of EREI firms compared to conventional innovators? Using German innovation data, we find that EREIs are determined by a larger set of technology-push and market-pull factors. On the supply side, R&D budgets, research infrastructure and networking with other firms are important factors of influence, while on the demand side increased productivity and cost reductions are decisive, as well as improved product quality. On the other hand, EREIs are complex activities which also need regulatory incentives. Although EREIs are not more successful compared to conventional innovations, they contribute substantially to the economic success of firms. |
| Keywords: | Resource efficiency,energy efficiency,environmental innovations,innovation surveys |
| JEL: | Q01 Q55 O31 O33 |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:09056&r=cse |
| By: | Marcus Neureiter; Peter Nunnenkamp |
| Abstract: | We draw on a recent survey of European companies to differentiate between alternative modes of international outsourcing as possible determinants of market, cost and knowledge-related aspects of the competitiveness of firms. We find that internalized modes are often superior to outside options, and using existing subsidiaries tends to be more (cost) effective than undertaking new greenfield FDI |
| Keywords: | international sourcing, FDI, competitiveness of firms, market access, cost reduction, core and support functions |
| JEL: | F23 L24 L25 |
| Date: | 2009–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kie:kieliw:1558&r=cse |
| By: | Eva Nussmüller; Lukas Lengauer; Franz Tödtling |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wiwsre:sre-disc-2009_04&r=cse |
| By: | Erkko Autio (Imperial College Business School); Zoltan Acs (George Mason University) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this paper is to examine the existence of cross-level moderating effects between national appropriability conditions, individual level predictors and entrepreneurial growth aspirations. We test a multi-level model that connects the determinants of strategic resource allocation decisions at the individual level with the strength of the intellectual property rights regime at the national level. The results suggest that the strengths of the intellectual property regime will moderate negatively the relationship between an individual's education and her growth aspirations and moderate positively the relationship between an individual's income and her growth aspirations. The findings support claims that strategic entrepreneurial behavior cannot be fully understood without giving attention to the context in which those behaviors are observed. |
| Keywords: | strategic entrepreneurship, multi-level analysis, intellectual property protection, growth aspirations |
| JEL: | L26 J24 C3 M13 F5 |
| Date: | 2009–10–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2009-080&r=cse |
| By: | Manuela Gussoni - Andrea Mangani |
| Abstract: | This paper provides a theoretical and empirical framework to explore how public funding affects firms' R&D investments depending on their engagement in horizontal R&D cooperations and different levels of ap- propriability conditions within the economy. It assumes firms' Cournot-Nash behavior in the choice of the optimal R&D investment level and provides empirical evidence in support of the theoretical ¯ndings using data on Spain and Germany from the Third Community Innovation Survey. Theoretical and empirical re- sults suggest that firms' cooperative behaviour and the appropriability conditions affect the relationship between public funding for innova- tion and R&D investments. |
| Keywords: | R&D cooperatives; subsidies;knowledge spillovers; innovation. |
| JEL: | O32 H20 L10 D43 D78 |
| Date: | 2009–10–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pie:dsedps:2009/90&r=cse |
| By: | Karl-Johan Lundquist; Michaela Trippl |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wiwsre:sre-disc-2009_05&r=cse |
| By: | Berna Beyhan (TEKPOL-STPS, Science and Technology Policy Studies, Middle East Technical University); Elif Dayar (TEKPOL-STPS, Science and Technology Policy Studies, Middle East Technical University); Derya Findik (TEKPOL-STPS, Science and Technology Policy Studies, Middle East Technical University); Sinan Tandogan (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)) |
| Abstract: | This study aims to investigate how successful Community Innovation Survey (CIS) is in reflecting main concerns of measuring innovation stated in the Oslo Manual. Although this survey has been widely applied throughout the European countries since 1992, the discussions over its suitability as a reliable tool to measure innovation along different cultures of innovativeness still remain. Motivated by the arguments on the reliability of CIS as a tool to measure innovation and its conformity to the guidelines of the Oslo Manual, this paper reviews and discusses these arguments in a broader context and presents the implications of possible problems that arise due to these discrepancies in the case of a developing country, namely, Turkey. |
| Keywords: | Innovation measurement, Oslo Manual, Community Innovation Survey |
| Date: | 2009–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:met:stpswp:0902&r=cse |
| By: | Schertler, Andrea; Tykvová, Tereza |
| Abstract: | Cross-border investments represent a substantial share of venture capital activities. We use a new and comprehensive dataset on worldwide investments to analyze the internationalization of venture capital financing. Our results from the perspectives of (i) venture capitalists, (ii) portfolio companies, (iii) portfolio companies' countries and (iv) pairs of venture capitalists' and portfolio companies' countries suggest that some factors, such as viable stock markets, boost investments by domestic as well as by foreign venture capitalists. Therefore, our results are of interest not only to academics but also to policy makers who want to foster the growth of the local venture capital industry and local companies. |
| Keywords: | Venture capital,internationalization,macroeconomic factors |
| JEL: | F21 G24 |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:09055&r=cse |
| By: | Tina Kao; Flavio Menezes |
| Abstract: | This paper examines a simple model of strategic interactions among firms that face at least some of the same rivals in two related markets (for goods 1 and 2). It shows that when firms compete in quantity, market prices increase as the degree of multi-market contact increases. However, the welfare consequences of multi-market contact are more complex and depend on how two fundamental forces play out. The first is the selection effect, which acts to increase welfare, as shutting down the relatively more inefficient firm is beneficial. The second opposing effect is the internalisation of the Cournot externality effect; reducing the production of good 2 allows firms to sustain a higher price for good 1. This works to increase prices and, therefore, decrease consumer surplus (but increasing producer surplus). These two effects are influenced by the degree of asymmetry between markets 1 and 2 and the degree of substitutability between goods 1 and 2. |
| JEL: | L11 L13 L44 |
| Date: | 2009–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:acb:cbeeco:2009-507&r=cse |
| By: | Aline Souza Magalhães (Cedeplar-UFMG); Edson Domingues (Cedeplar-UFMG) |
| Abstract: | This paper deals with interregional trade in the Brazilian Economy, estimating its role on efficiency, international competitiveness and regional inequality. Our modeling encompasses much detail. Firstly, we use a large-scale multi-regional computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of Brazil. The model is bottom-up for Brazil's 27 states. Despite the high level of regional disaggregation, the level of sectoral disaggregation is also high, at 36 sectors. Applying the CGE model in simulation exercises, we explore the impacts of reducing transport costs among Brazilian states, identifying the most relevant links for different economic goals (national growth, production costs and regional inequality). The procedure is similar to the “field of influence” approach in the input-output literature (Hewings et al, 2005). We find that trade among most developed states have impact on national growth and international competitiveness, but can also increase regional inequality. |
| Keywords: | CGE modeling, regional trade, inequality |
| JEL: | R11 R13 |
| Date: | 2009–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdp:texdis:td359&r=cse |
| By: | Margherita Russo; Josh Whitford |
| Abstract: | Industrial districts – and especially industrial districts in Italy – have been put forth as a model of economic development premised on the deep rooting of firms in a local socio-economic system that is both rich in skills and tied into international flows of goods and knowledge. But there is also a sense today that those districts are in transformation, that globalization has put them “on the move.” This has led some to question whether a model that is becoming many models can still in fact be a model. In this paper, we use a study of the Modenese mechanical district – an archetypical industrial district – to examine this “movement.” We argue that when properly understood the Italian districts do still offer lessons that are generalizable to other regional economies. We show that the district in question is changing, and show in particular that there has been a rise to prominence in the district of relatively small multinational firms. These are changes that are not atypical of industrial districts in Italy. We argue that a deeper look at just how the districts are changing makes clear that this rise to prominence has not severed these firms’ ties to smaller firms in the district. Rather, they have drawn upon those relations for essential support both on production and innovation. We also show also that there is a cognizance of this fact in the district, evidenced in efforts to recreate private regional institutions consistent with a district structure “on the move.” Drawing on our these findings, and on a theoretical approach that holds that productive systems in industrial districts are constituted by the multiplicity of interactions between firms, we conclude that changes in the district in question require also changes in the institutions that sustain those interactions, including especially the emergence of “new public spaces” and new “scaffolding structures.” Using the concrete example of a company created to foster collaborative technology transfer among its owner-members, we discuss the nature of the public spaces and scaffolding structures attuned to the needs of a more vertical and fragmented open district structure. We finally consider implications for public policies supporting innovation. |
| Keywords: | Innovation policy; local development policies; regional development policies; evaluation management |
| JEL: | D78 O31 O32 O38 R58 |
| Date: | 2009–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mod:depeco:615&r=cse |
| By: | Salvioni, C.; Esposito, L.; Henke, R.; Rondinelli, V. |
| Abstract: | Using the data gathered by the Business Survey on Agriculture survey on a stratified random sample of Italian farm businesses below 4 European economic size units as a case study, this paper explores the diffusion of diversification strategies among small farms. The analysis has shown that more than a half of small farms is adopting some form of diversification. Small farms are more strongly involved in pluriactivity, while their involvement in broadening and deepening strategies appears only marginal. This latter result is partly due to the underevaluation of diversification caused by the lack of detailed statistical information about diversified activities used by farms, and, partly, due to the structural characteristics of small farms. Smaller farms are usually characterized by a lack of capital; as a consequence they can often redeploy only their labour off the farm. The characteristics associated with the targeted group of farms show that small farms using broadening strategies present much better economic results than conventional small farms. More specifically, farms using broadening strategies appear to be the winning ones in terms of net farm income per family working unit. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Q12, R29, L25, |
| Date: | 2009–10–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa111:53964&r=cse |