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on China |
| By: | Matthieu Crozet (RITM - Réseaux Innovation Territoires et Mondialisation - Université Paris-Saclay); Laura Hering (Erasmus University Rotterdam); Sandra Poncet (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | Abstract Export growth affects individuals through numerous and contradictory channels. In China, the development of exports has promoted economic development and income growth, but it has also disrupted social structures and work environments. This paper explores the overall effect of exports on perceived well-being by combining responses from a large longitudinal survey covering over 45, 000 Chinese with a shift-share measure of local export opportunities. Results show that individuals' perceived life satisfaction increases significantly in prefectures that benefited from greater export opportunities, despite a negative effect on self-reported health. The positive well-being gains go beyond a simple income effect. These non-monetary gains are related to the individuals' professional life: export-related well-being gains are stronger for working-age individuals (especially men and low-skilled workers), are largest for workers in the manufacturing sector (which produces the vast majority of China's exports), and are found when the satisfaction indicator focuses on work but not on other aspects of daily life. |
| Keywords: | Happiness Export opportunities Globalization China. JEL codes: F61 F66 I31 J28, Happiness, Export opportunities, Globalization, China. JEL codes: F61, F66, I31, J28 |
| Date: | 2024–02–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04505684&r=cna |
| By: | Kwon, Ohyun (Drexel University School of Economics); Zhao, Hao (School of Environmental and Natural Resources, and Institute of Ecological Civilization, Renmin University of China); Zhao, Min Qiang (MOE Key Laboratory of Econometrics, the Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics, Xiamen University) |
| Abstract: | We propose a novel method for calculating product-level emission intensities (PLEI) at highly disaggregate level (Harmonized System 6-digit) for nine emission categories. This method effectively disentangles PLEI from the firm-level efficiency factor that varies across firms and years. Utilizing firm-level emissions data from China for the period 2000–2013, our analysis shows that: (i) there is substantial heterogeneity in PLEI across different products; (ii) the 10% most emission-intensive products contribute to nearly 75% of total emissions, while comprising only 4% of total exports; (iii) a less aggregate categorization of products markedly underestimates the variation in emission intensities; and (iv) China’s export profile shows no tendency towards specialization in products with high emission intensity. |
| Keywords: | International trade; Emission intensities; China |
| JEL: | D22 F18 Q56 |
| Date: | 2024–03–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:drxlwp:2024_004&r=cna |
| By: | Andrés Rodríguez-Pose; Zhuoying You; |
| Abstract: | Artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics are revolutionising production, yet their potential to stimulate innovation and change innovation patterns remains underexplored. This paper examines whether AI and robotics can spearhead technological innovation, with a particular focus on their capacity to deliver where other policies have mostly failed: less developed cities and regions. We resort to OLS and IV-2SLS methods to probe the direct and moderating influences of AI and robotics on technological innovation across 270 Chinese cities. We further employ quantile regression analysis to assess their impacts on innovation in more and less innovative cities. The findings reveal that AI and robotics significantly promote technological innovation, with a pronounced impact in cities at or below the technological frontier. Additionally, the use of AI and robotics improves the returns of investment in science and technology (S&T) on technological innovation. AI and robotics moderating effects are often more pronounced in less innovative cities, meaning that AI and robotics are not just powerful instruments for the promotion of innovation but also effective mechanisms to reduce the yawning gap in regional innovation between Chinese innovation hubs and the rest of the country. |
| Keywords: | AI, robotics, China, technological innovation, territorial inequality |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:2406&r=cna |
| By: | West Togbetse (Université d’Orléans); Camelia Turcu |
| Abstract: | In the context of climate change, countries need natural resources for their development and energy transition process. A large share of these resources is based in emerging and developing countries. Within this framework, we investigate whether natural resources endowment has become a key determinant in the allocation of development aid. We put a specific focus on China, which has started to have a proactive role in international aid to other countries, although it is still an emerging economy. In particular, we analyze whether China is increasingly granting aid to countries well endowed with natural resources and if this official development assistance is motivated by economic interests, mainly those related to natural resources. To do so, we use two sets of data: an original database at the country level, covering the period 2000-2016, and geocoded data on 1650 Chinese development projects across 2969 physical locations in Africa over the period 1999-2013. We built thus our analysis at a macro and microeconomic level. Our results show that the aid granted by China can be linked to access to natural resources. |
| Keywords: | Foreign aid, natural resources, energy transition |
| JEL: | F Q |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2023.16&r=cna |
| By: | West Togbetse (Université d’Orléans); Camelia Turcu |
| Abstract: | In this study, we assess the effect of natural resources on FDI flows to Africa within the energy transition context. To do this, and given China’s growing presence in Africa, we focus only on China as a main investor in Africa. We analyze its outward FDI flows, at micro and macro level to 30 African countries over a 19-year period (2000 to 2018). Our results show that not all natural resources are attractive factors for FDI. Mineral resources and natural gas were found to be key determinants of Chinese FDI while oil resources have a negative impact on Chinese FDI flows to Africa. These results might suggest an engagement in the energy transition process which requires specific mineral resources. |
| Keywords: | FDI , natural resources, energy transition |
| JEL: | F |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2023.15&r=cna |
| By: | Josie I Chen; Louis Putterman; Diego Ramos-Toro |
| Abstract: | Whether people prefer a democratic system is difficult to judge when speaking freely carries personal dangers. We introduce an incentivized experimental task to reveal implicit preference for democracy without referencing politically-sensitive terms. We validate the task with data from émigrés from Greater China living in North America, demonstrating our experimental tool’s ability to gauge favorability toward democracy when participants come from backgrounds where eliciting such views is challenging. We corroborate the task’s accuracy and its ability to uncover patterns in democratic sentiment with data from a representative US sample and from a diverse set of participants in China. |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bro:econwp:2023-005&r=cna |
| By: | Te Bao; John Duffy; Nobuyuki Hanaki |
| Abstract: | In the digital age, privacy in economic activities is increasingly threatened. In considering policies to address this threat, it is useful to consider what value, if any, that people attach to privacy in economic activities. We study this question by eliciting individuals’ willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid detection in an economic experiment involving a coin-flipping task. We collect data from Japan, China, and the U.S.A. to examine whether there are cross-country differences. Our findings reveal that people’s WTP to “avoid the spotlight” is positive and economically sizable across all three countries and is the largest in Japan. |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dpr:wpaper:1238&r=cna |