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on Confederation of Independent States |
| By: | Тулеуов Олжас // Tuleuov Olzhas (National Bank of Kazakhstan); Багжанов Бекжан // Bagzhanov Bekzhan (National Bank of Kazakhstan); Жузбаев Адам // Zhuzbayev Adam (National Bank of Kazakhstan) |
| Abstract: | В настоящей работе произведена проверка соответствия ситуации в Казахстане фискальной теории цен путем ретроспективного анализа характера бюджетно-налоговой политики, её взаимодействия с денежно-кредитной политикой, а также эмпирической оценки воздействия фискальных параметров на инфляционные процессы. // In this study, the compliance of the situation in Kazakhstan with the fiscal theory of the price level was verified by means of a retrospective analysis of the nature of fiscal policy, its relationship with monetary policy as well as by an empirical assessment of the impact of fiscal parameters on inflationary processes. |
| Keywords: | FAVAR, VECM, денежно-кредитная политика, инфляционное таргетирование, инфляция, уровень цен, фискальная политика, фискальная теория цен, фискальная экспансия, фискальное доминирование FAVAR, VECM, monetary policy, inflation targeting, inflation, price level, fiscal policy, fiscal theory of the price level, fiscal expansion, fiscal dominance |
| JEL: | C32 C52 E17 E62 E63 |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aob:wpaper:20&r= |
| By: | Vlados, Charis (Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Economics); Chatzinikolaou, Dimos (Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Today’s tensions and challenges at the global governance level seem to constitute structural expressions of the global system’s mutations towards the post-COVID-19 era. This study examines whether the structural changes observed in various socio-economic dimensions and interdependent spatial levels due to the pandemic crisis are accelerating the emergence of a new phase of global governance. It investigates whether Rodrik’s trilemma (the incompatibility of synchronously achieving national sovereignty, democracy and globalization) seems to be relatively inadequate to approach today’s emerging global reality and challenges comprehensively. After an elliptic overview of world governance’s evolutionary shaping and reaching the present-day necessarily repositioned role of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS), we argue that these countries must no longer be perceived as emerging exceptional cases but as central participants, equally responsible for promoting a more balanced and sustainable development perspective for the less developed socio-economic formations and the entire global socio-economic system’s stability. We conclude that in the progressively shaped ‘new globalization’, which is a distinct evolutionary phase of the international economy and international relations, Rodrik’s trilemma seems to some extent analytically insufficient since there is no more a sustainable optimum in any of its coupled dimensions, which could allow a viable exit from the current crisis. |
| Keywords: | global governance; BRICS; post-COVID-19 era; new globalization; global socio-economic development; Rodrik’s trilemma |
| JEL: | F63 F69 |
| Date: | 2021–07–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:duthrp:2021_008&r= |
| By: | Kekelidze, Lia |
| Abstract: | В настоящото изследване на инвестиционната среда и проблемите на придобиването на собственост върху недвижими имоти в Грузия от чуждестранни инвеститори разглеждаме важността на привличането на преки чуждестранни инвестиции и свързаните с това проблеми в грузинската икономика. Освен това анализираме преките чуждестранни инвестиции въз основа на статистически данни и доказваме важната роля на преките чуждестранни инвестиции за стимулиране на грузинската икономика. В изследването анализираме проблемните аспекти, които възпрепятстват привличането на инвестиции в Грузия. Също така разглеждаме начините и методите, насърчаващи притока на преки чуждестранни инвестиции в Грузия. Основният акцент на изследването е грузинската законодателна база. |
| Keywords: | инвестиционна среда, ПЧИ, собственост, правни норми, земя. |
| JEL: | E61 F21 F38 G11 Q15 R14 |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:109051&r= |
| By: | Ahmed, Osama; Glauben, Thomas; Heigermoser, Maximilian; Prehn, Sören |
| Abstract: | Рост доходов, изменение предпочтений потребителей и технический прогресс оказывают преобразующее влияние на мировую торговлю продуктами питания и, в частности, на рынки пшеницы. Об этом свидетельствуют два основных тренда: во-первых, растущий спрос на пшеницу в Азии и Африке все в большей степени удовлетворяется Европейским союзом (ЕС) и Черноморским регионом (ЧМР), которые заменили Соединенные Штаты (США) в качестве основных игроков на мировом рынке пшеницы. Во-вторых, и как следствие, фьючерсный рынок Euronext, который отражает фундаментальные характеристики спроса и предложения в ЕС и ЧМР, становится все более важным для определения мировых цен на пшеницу. Учитывая эти две тенденции, ЕС и ЧМР должны взять на себя больше ответственности за обеспечение глобальной продовольственной безопасности и за борьбу с голодом и недоеданием. Для достижения этого требуется более широкое международное сотрудничество, в частности, между крупными западными и восточными экономическими державами. Отсутствие ограничений в международной торговле является жизненно важным для обеспечения достаточного количества продовольствия во всем мире, в то время как ужесточение экономических санкций и контрсанкций ставит под угрозу продовольственную безопасность, особенно в регионах, зависящих от импорта. Поэтому общественное обсуждение торговых и экономических санкций должно быть более объективным и в большей степени учитывать как региональные, так и глобальные потребности. |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iamopb:41r&r= |
| By: | George Abuselidze; Rusudan Zoidze |
| Abstract: | In the research there is reviewed the peculiarities of the formation of tax revenues of the state budget, analysis of the recent past and present periods of tax system in Georgia, there is reviewed the influence of existing factors on the revenues, as well as the role and the place of direct and indirect taxes in the state budget revenues. In addition, the measures of stimulating action on formation of tax revenues and their impact on the state budget revenues are established. At the final stage, there are examples of foreign developed countries, where the tax system is perfectly developed, where various stimulating measures are successfully stimulating and consequently it promotes mobilization of the amount of money required in the state budget. The exchange of foreign experience is very important for Georgia, the existing tax model that is based on foreign experience is greatly successful. For the formation of tax policy, it is necessary to take into consideration all the factors affecting on it, a complex analysis of the tax system and the steps that will be really useful and perspective for our country. |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2108.03027&r= |
| By: | George Abuselidze; Mariam Msakhuradze |
| Abstract: | The work "International Taxation and its impact on Georgian Business Subjects" discusses the essence, types of international taxation and ways to prevent it. Object of international taxation, taxable base and rates, features based on the taxpayer. The approaches of states and its impact on the activities of business entities. The aim of the work was to study the theoretical and methodological bases of international taxation in the tax system of Georgia and to present the existing problems. To get acquainted with the activities of the free industrial zones in our country and to evaluate them. Sharing opinions and expressing one's attitude towards it. The work presents the opinion on the impact of the approaches and recommendations of our country's legislation on international taxation on the business sector of Georgia to correct the current situation. |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2108.02956&r= |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | Selected Issues |
| Keywords: | labor market scarring risk; EE job creation; EE percent; yoy job creation; risks of labor market; B. aggregate behavior; Employment; Wages; Labor markets; Job destruction; Unemployment rate; Baltics |
| Date: | 2021–07–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2021/161&r= |
| By: | George Abuselidze |
| Abstract: | Since the end of 90s till today when all the elements confirming Georgian State System have practically been established, budget system and policy remains as the most difficult Georgian macroeconomics challenge and even still half-and-half unsolved problem. One side of the fiscal policy is quite crucially formulated and administrative Tax Code, and the other side is the weak, unmanaged and incomplete law on Budget System. According to the above-mentioned the elaboration and adoption of the Budget Code having equal force as Tax Code is necessary by which the following are to be determined: excellence of government responsibility when it will not perform the budget obligations specified by the law permanently; the rights and responsibilities of the state, the optimal distribution of the funds mobilized by the tax towards each member of the society. For optimization of the budget system effective correlation between the state, regional and local budgets revenues and expenditures is particularly important as the social-economic development of the regions and territorial units of the country is impossible without the financial relations. For it the just differentiation of tax base in the section of state, regional and local budgets and transfers system for support of the budgets of the territorial units from the central budget are necessary. Solving the most part of these problems is possible by the adoption of the budget code which, in our opinion, is to be considered as the closest decisive task for the current legislative and executive authority. |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2108.04739&r= |
| By: | Catherine Locatelli (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes) |
| Abstract: | Analyse de l'émergence d'une confrontation Etats-Unis-Russie sur le marché européen et asiatique en matière de gaz naturel |
| Date: | 2021–06–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03279185&r= |