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on Confederation of Independent States |
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Issue of 2019‒12‒09
nine papers chosen by |
| By: | Medved, Anna; Shcherbakova, Darya |
| Abstract: | В статье анализируются факторы инвестиционной привлекательности регионов РФ с целью выявления причин недостаточности капиталовложений. Используются методы анализа данных, логический метод, метод агрегирования. Национальный и международный стратегический капитал ищет благоприятные условия для сохранения и преумножения, соответственно, институциональные факторы инвестиционной привлекательности регионов России имеют определяющее значение для обеспечения поступательного экономического роста и благополучия. Воздействие институциональных факторов является чувствительным для любого инвестиционного проекта, особенно же это касается долгосрочных и дорогостоящих капиталовложений. В силу этого многие аналитики постепенно уходят от формально-финансовых оценок проектов в пользу более глубокого институционально-экономического анализа. В связи с этим возрастает и роль информационно-аналитических агентств, специализирующихся на определении уровня инвестиционной привлекательности стран и регионов. До недавнего времени в практике определения инвестиционной привлекательности потенциальных объектов капиталовложений абсолютное господство принадлежало зарубежным аналитическим компаниям. На сегодняшний день ситуация меняется в сторону «импортозамещения» и в этой важнейшей сфере национальной экономики, поэтому за основу анализа были взяты рейтинги, разработанные компанией Эксперт РА как наиболее авторитетной в этой сфере организации российской юрисдикции. Исследуемая проблема состоит в том, что в экономике России наблюдается существенный разрыв регионов по показателю инвестиционной активности, что противоречит принципу единого экономического пространства страны. При этом предпринимаемые усилия региональных властей по привлечению инвесторов часто оказываются недостаточными или неэффективными. В работе анализируются возможные причины подобной ситуации. Даются рекомендации по направлениям работы в целях улучшения инвестиционного климата регионов РФ. English Abstract: The article analyzes the factors of the investment attractiveness of the regions of the Russian Federation in order to identify the reasons for the insufficiency of capital investments. Data analysis methods, logical method, and aggregation method are used.National and international strategic capital is looking for favorable conditions for preservation and enhancement, respectively, institutional factors of investment attractiveness of Russia's regions are crucial for ensuring sustained economic growth and prosperity. The impact of institutional factors is sensitive to any investment project, especially for long-term and costly investments. Because of this, many analysts are gradually moving away from formal financial evaluations of projects in favor of a deeper institutional and economic analysis. In this regard, the role of information and analytical agencies specializing in determining the level of investment attractiveness of countries and regions is growing. Until recently, in the practice of determining the investment attractiveness of potential investment objects, absolute dominance belonged to foreign analytical companies. To date, the situation is changing towards "import substitution" in this important sphere of the national economy, that's why the ratings, developed by Expert RA as the most authoritative organization in this area of Russian jurisdiction, were taken as a basis for the analysis. The problem under investigation is that in the Russian economy there is a significant gap in the regions in terms of investment activity, which contradicts the principle of the single economic space of the country. At the same time, the efforts of the regional authorities to attract investors are often inadequate or ineffective. The possible reasons for this situation are analyzed in the paper. Recommendations are given on the areas of work in order to improve the investment climate in the regions of the Russian Federation. |
| Keywords: | institutions, investment activity, institutional factors, regional development, regional authorities |
| JEL: | H5 R5 R53 |
| Date: | 2018–11–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:97124&r=all |
| By: | Ekaterina Kodja (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Tatiana Ryabichenko (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This cross-cultural study examines the role of social identities (ethnic, national and place) and acculturation strategies in the psychological well-being of young ethnic minorities in regions with different policies on minority integration - Russians in Latvia (N=109, age 16-24) and Crimean Tatars in Crimea (N=122, age 17-24). Results revealed the identities that promote psychological well-being of the young generation of these minorities. Ethnic identity predicts self-esteem in both groups and life satisfaction in Crimean Tatar youth. Place identity is positively related to life satisfaction of both groups. The national identity of ethnic minority youth predicts integration in both groups, while integration promotes self-esteem among Russian youth in Latvia only. The findings are discussed taking into account the historical, political and social context of Latvia and Crimea |
| Keywords: | ethnic minorities, social identities, acculturation strategies, subjective well-being. |
| JEL: | F22 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:111psy2019&r=all |
| By: | Vera A. Fedotova (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | For a person, belonging to a certain generation has now become an indication of having witnessed certain historic events and possessing certain social and psychological qualities. This is a marker that most company executives, advertisers, managers, marketing specialists, and teachers take in consideration. Why is investigating differences between generations relevant? On one hand, both general public and the scientific community have demonstrated a growing interest in social psychology. On the other hand, this problem has not yet been sufficiently studied. In spite of large amounts of empirical data on the psychological differences in multi-age groups, there seem to be little to no research works focused on basic social and psychological characteristics of the generations. The society today, with its swift socio-economical changes, instability, and loss of values, is becoming more and more stressogenic. Events of the recent years (economic crisis, terrorist threats, technogenic disasters, unstable political relations etc.) constitute a major factor that exerts its influence on a personality. It has been noted that people generally feel less secure and protected after experiencing those events. The science is now facing the task of revealing and processing the psychological characteristics and predispositions that ensure a person’s ability to successfully adapt to the world that is constantly changing. The capacity of dealing with life troubles depends on the personality potential of an individual, on how psychologically mature an individual is, and on their value and purpose-in-life orientations. In foreign psychology, the notion of “hardiness” is used as a synonym to the idea of the personality potential. The present research is based on the results of a diagnostic survey that was addressed to Russian citizens from different regions of the Russian Federation, aged from 18 to 75. The diagnostic survey used the following methods: the “Hardiness Test” by D. Leontyev, the “Purpose in Life Orientation Test” by D. Leontyev, and the method of “Subjective Economic Well-Being” by V. Khashchenko. Therefore, the purpose in life and the economic mindset were used as determinants of hardiness. With age, the number of factors influencing the development of hardiness becomes larger; however, age does not determine the development of hardiness as a specific personality trait. Representatives of Generation Y (young Russian people aged 18 to 34) currently show the highest level of hardiness because their personalities are dominated by the “commitment” and “control” factors. In general, the presence of components of hardiness prevents the increase of psychological tension in stress situations because such individuals are highly resilient and give less importance to stress situations, doing a better job coping with these. |
| Keywords: | hardiness, subjective economic well-being, life orienttions, generation. |
| JEL: | A13 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:112psy2019&r=all |
| By: | Pelkmans, Mathijs; Umetbaeva, Damira |
| Abstract: | This article explores the links between informal moneylending and aspects of sociality and morality. It documents the moral reasoning and strategizing of two female moneylenders who operate in the radically destabilized context of post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan. By analyzing these women’s lending practices and the way they talk about their experiences, we are able to document in some detail the constitutive intertwinement of morality, sociality, and formality in the workings of credit and debt, and demonstrate how questionable behavior is transformed into moral practice. This in turn highlights important features of the post-Soviet capitalist frontier. |
| Keywords: | moneylending; morality; frontier; Central Asia; post-Soviet societies; economic anthropology |
| JEL: | N0 |
| Date: | 2018–12–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:84409&r=all |
| By: | Präg, Patrick |
| Abstract: | The present study focuses on the application of missing data techniques in self-reported delinquency research. Although missing observations are at least as common in research on crime and delinquency as in any other social science, little systematic research has been conducted on the application of modern missing data techniques in research on delinquency. The present study provides a comprehensive and non-technical review of conventional and modern missing data techniques. It gives an introduction into problems of missing data and assess the performance and applicability of modern missing data techniques when used for solving missing data problems in crime research. In order to do so, a secondary data analysis of a SRD survey among high school students in Germany and Russia will be conducted. This is my master thesis, I can't really remember what the results were. The thesis was on-line for a long time and I think it only recently disappeared. Given that it was seemingly read quite often and sometimes even cited, I thought I should put it online again. |
| Date: | 2018–10–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:y9sv7&r=all |
| By: | Elena R. Agadullina (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Olga A. Gulevich (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Maria A. Terskova (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The article presents the results of the selection of relevant to the Russian context emotions perceived as primary (which humans share with animals) or secondary (experienced only by humans). Three stages of the selection and evaluation of emotions made it possible to distinguish 12 emotions: primary positive emotions (Joy, Pleasure, and Interest), primary negative emotions (Anger, Irritation, and Rage), secondary positive emotions (Inspiration, Afflatus, and Enthusiasm), and secondary negative emotions (Disappointment, Regret, and Devastation). The results of confirmatory and multigroup confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that these emotions are well grouped into primary-secondary subgroups and that their valence is important to grouping. The highlighted emotions can be used to study implicit prejudices towards various social groups. |
| Keywords: | infrahumanization, emotion, prejudice |
| JEL: | Z |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:110psy2019&r=all |
| By: | de Oliveira, Thaiane Moreira; de Albuquerque, Sofia; Toth, Janderson Pereira; Bello, Debora Zava |
| Abstract: | Since the BRICS Declaration in Cape Town in 2013, its five member countries have committed to cooperation programs in science, technology and innovation (STI), based on the five strategic thematic areas assigned to each signatory: climate change and mitigation of catastrophes (Brazil); water resources and pollution treatment (Russia); geospatial technology and its applications (India); new and renewable energy, and energy efficiency (China); and astronomy (South Africa). Five years after the Declaration and almost a decade after the First BRICS Summit, the evaluation of the strengthening of international cooperation among countries remains a challenge, due to their low presence in the large index databases commonly used for the collection of scientific data, such as Web of Science and Scopus. The proposal of this research is to carry out a study on international cooperation among the countries in the last five years through the Dimensions platform, based on the incidence of international co-authoring and co-financing of research agencies from the five countries, seeking to highlight the following points: the networks that consolidate themselves from the international cooperation among the BRICS countries, areas emerging in research with incidences of co-authorship, and how the research networks have been developed around the five strategic areas defined in the BRICS Cape Town Declaration. It aims to evaluate how the international cooperation of the BRICS bloc in strategic thematic areas has been growing, pointing to possible areas of strengthening of international partnerships that can be deployed through this study. |
| Date: | 2018–08–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:b6x43&r=all |
| By: | Anna Alberini (AREC, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States); Olha Khymych (nstitute of Economic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Opletalova 26, 110 00, Prague, Czech Republic); Milan Scasny (Charles University Environment Centre, José Martího 407/2, 162 00, Prague, Czech Republic) |
| Abstract: | Despite its importance for policy purposes (including climate policy and the energy transition), evidence about the price elasticity of natural gas demand in the residential sector is very limited and based on inference from situations with modest variation in prices. We focus on a locale and time when price changes were extreme and presumably salient to consumers, namely Ukraine between 2013 and 2017. We exploit the tariff reforms and detailed micro-level household consumption records to estimate the price elasticity of the demand for natural gas. To isolate behavior, attention is restricted to those households that made no structural energy-efficiency upgrades to their homes, and thus kept the stock of gas-using capital fixed. We further examine the short-run elasticity by restricting the sample to a few months before and after the tariff changes. Our results suggest that under extreme price changes, households are capable of reducing consumption, even without installing insulation or making any other structural modifications to their homes. The price elasticity is about -0.16. Wealthier households, people living in multifamily buildings, and heavy users have more inelastic demands. Households reduced consumption even when they received “subsidies,†namely lump-sum government assistance, suggesting that when the price signal is sufficiently strong, lump-sum transfers have only a minimal effect on consumption. We also find some evidence that the stronger the salience, the stronger the responsiveness to price, although this effect is modest and may partly overlap with that of income or baseline consumption. Our data also suggest that the consumers with the lowest uptake of energy efficiency improvements might be those who—by necessity or through skills—are the most productive at reducing energy use through behaviors. |
| Keywords: | Residential gas demand, energy transition, short-run price elasticity, tariff reforms, salience, fuel poverty |
| JEL: | D12 Q41 Q48 H31 |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fau:wpaper:wp2019_8&r=all |
| By: | Shcherbakova, Darya; Agapkin, Anton |
| Abstract: | В статье анализируются современные информационные технологии организации малого бизнеса, предложены направления государственной поддержки субъектов малого предпринимательства в сфере информатизации бизнес процессов. The article analyzes modern information technologies of small business organization. The author proposes the directions of state support of small businesses in the field of Informatization of business processes. |
| Keywords: | информационные технологии, малый бизнес, государственная поддержка information technology, small business, government support |
| JEL: | H2 H25 |
| Date: | 2019–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:97132&r=all |