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on Confederation of Independent States |
| By: | Igor B. Orlov (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The 1980 Olympiad in Moscow (the first Olympiad in Eastern Europe and the socialist state) is viewed through the prism of the successes and failures of the cultural and sports diplomacy of the Soviet state. Olympics-80 as a kind of mega-project "developed socialism" promoted (albeit temporarily) not only to strengthening the position of the Soviet Union in the international arena (especially in the background of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan), but also unity of Soviet citizens in the face of "Western threat". The situation was somewhat more complicated with attempts to use the Olympic project to strengthen the socialist camp. The source base of the research was the materials of the State archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian state archive of socio-political history and the Central archive of Moscow, as well as the published documents of the Russian state archive of modern history. It is shown that, despite the boycott of the Olympics, its consequences did not have a particularly strong impact on the development of sports ties and international tourism in the USSR. For example, in 1980, at the suggestion of the delegation of the USSR, the participants of the world conference on tourism, when adopting the Manila Declaration on world tourism, included in the Declaration all the initiatives of the Soviet delegation. And since 1982, the process of restoring international sports contacts began. |
| Keywords: | megaproject, soft power, cultural diplomacy, sports diplomacy, Olympics-80, international tourism |
| JEL: | Z |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:182/hum/2019&r=all |
| By: | Olga Kotomina (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Ilya Prakhov (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Alexandra Sazhina (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the influence of parental involvement in the educational process on the educational achievements of Russian students and their educational strategies, such as studying in high school and successful admission to university. We argue that the patterns of parental involvement represent a link between the formal (school) and informal (family) educational institutions and can have a beneficial effect on academic performance and contribute to the choice of the educational pathway to higher education. Based on data from the longitudinal study ‘Trajectories in Education and Careers’, it was shown that the results of school state examinations are positively associated with the active participation of parents in school meetings, the employment of tutors (except for the Unified State Exam score in mathematics), and the provision of additional literature for the child. A negative relationship was found between homework control and student success. In general, the factor of ‘rational’ (not excessive) involvement is positively associated with educational achievement and educational choice, which may indicate the non-linear nature of the relationship. Parental involvement itself depends on the family characteristics, such as mother’s education, family income and the number of books at home. In addition, family has a positive impact on educational success and educational strategies, and high school characteristics are especially important for the results of the Unified State Exam and the university choice. |
| Keywords: | parental involvement, educational pathways, educational achievements, the Unified State Exam, university choice, college choice |
| JEL: | I21 I26 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:53edu2019&r=all |
| By: | Stephany, Fabian |
| Abstract: | User data fuel the digital economy, while individual privacy is at stake. Governments react differently to this challenge. Estonia, a small Baltic state, has become a role model for the renewal of the social contract in times of big data (hence, often ironically referred to as "E-stonia"). While e-governance usage has been growing in many parts of Europe during the last ten years, some regions are lagging behind. The Estonian example suggests that online governance is most accepted in a small state, with a young population, trustworthy institutions and the need of technological renewal. This work examines the development of e-governance usage (citizens interacting digitally with the government) during the last decade in Europe from a comprehensive cross-country perspective: Size, age and trust are relevant for the usage of digital government services in Europe. However, the quality of past communication infrastructure is not related to e-governance popularity. |
| Date: | 2019–08–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:y4z73&r=all |
| By: | Zhukov, Stanislav |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:widerw:295427&r=all |
| By: | Hansson, Ardo H. |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:widerw:295629&r=all |
| By: | Moghadam, Valentine M. |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:widerw:295301&r=all |
| By: | Zhukov, Stanislav V.; Vorobyov, Alexander Yu. |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:widerw:295632&r=all |
| By: | A. Kostruba (Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University) |
| Abstract: | Ускладнення суспільного життя в умовах реформ, починаючи з 90-х років минулого століття, робить неможливим визначення місця в системі права ряду правових явищ, внаслідок чого у вітчизняної юриспруденції наукові уявлення про структуру системи права піддаються ревізії. У юридичній літературі висловлюються різні точки зору на феноменологію спортивного права. Зокрема, спортивне право описується як галузь права, самостійна або комплексна, як правовий інститут, окремими дослідниками його самостійність заперечується взагалі. Слабкість підходу до спортивного права як до самостійної галузі права виявляється через неможливість виділення особливих не тільки методів правового регулювання, властивих спортивному праву, а також відсутності особливого галузевого режиму, який передбачає, що до відносин, що регулюються галуззю права, норми, що лежать за її межами, не застосовуються, але й предмету правового регулювання відповідних відносин. Оскільки предмет правового регулювання характеризує саме суспільні відносини, упорядковані через такий елемент його механізму як регламентаційний конструкт (нормативний регулятор, наднормативний регулятор, alter-нормативний регулятор, quasiнормативний регулятор), спірним є віднесення до спортивного права інших відносин, ніж тих, що встановлені у статті 1 Цивільного кодексу України. Cпортивне право є галуззю законодавства України. |
| Keywords: | Sport law,Sport Community,Sport Institutions |
| Date: | 2018–10–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02358461&r=all |
| By: | Maria A. Bultseva (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Nadezhda M. Lebedeva (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This research studies the relationship between home country intercultural experience, intercultural competence and creativity among Russian students. We assume that students from culturally heterogeneous groups or/and students having a course dedicated to intercultural issues are more creative, as cultural diversity and cultural learning are associated with a higher level of intercultural competence, and intercultural competence may be positively related to creativity. The sample of the first study included 72 students and the sample of the second study included 272 students of HSE University. Creativity was measured by the indicators of creative thinking (fluency, flexibility, and originality) via "Many instances game" from the creativity test battery of Runco; intercultural competence was measured using "Assessment of intercultural competence" of Fantini & Tirmizi. Home country intercultural experience was operationalized via the presence of students from other countries in the study groups and via the inclusion of a Cross-Cultural Psychology course in the students’ curriculum. The results of the first study show that cultural learning in the home country institution leads to higher levels of creativity, while the cultural heterogeneity of the groups is associated with an increase in creativity only when cultural learning was applied. The results of the second study show such components of intercultural competence as attitudes and the adaptability of behavior play an important role in the creativity of Russian students: attitudes are positively and the adaptability of behavior is negatively related to creativity. |
| Keywords: | creativity, intercultural learning, intercultural contacts, cultural heterogeneity, intercultural competence |
| JEL: | Z |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:108psy2019&r=all |
| By: | Johnson, Simon; Islamov, Bakhtior |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:widerw:295626&r=all |
| By: | Zamora, Paula; Mantilla, Cesar; Blanco, Mariana |
| Abstract: | We conducted an audit experiment to examine whether street vendors in Bogotá (Colombia) exert price discrimination based on buyers' attributes, such as gender and nationality; and based on product characteristics, such as the increasing marginal valuation of items needed to complete a collection. We exploited the seasonal demand for album stickers related to the FIFA World Cup Russia 2018. In our within-subjects design, experimenters carried out in-person audits and quoted a pre-determined list of missing stickers. They interacted with 59 sticker vendors located in five geographic clusters. We find that prices quoted to foreign buyers are higher than prices quoted to Colombian buyers. By contrast, we do not find evidence supporting direct gender-based discrimination, neither that vendors charge a higher price per sticker when the list of missing stickers is shorter. We complement the study with a qualitative analysis based on interviews that reveal vendors' pricing strategies, their awareness of price discrimination, and the trade of counterfeits. |
| Date: | 2019–07–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:6r5hf&r=all |