|
on Confederation of Independent States |
|
Issue of 2018‒04‒23
37 papers chosen by |
| By: | Perevyshin, Yury (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Rykalin, A.S. (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy) |
| Abstract: | The study considers the following concepts of inflationary expectations: adaptive, rational, and limited rational. To quantify the inflation expectations of the population and firms obtained on the basis of surveys, apply probability, regression, balance and logistic methods. The Bank of Russia uses a probability method. We also construct series of inflation expectations of households based on the probability approach. Empirical studies on testing the method of generating inflation expectations are mainly based on methods of estimating time series. The results of their application to Russian data, detailed in the work, indicate that the hypothesis of rational expectations is not confirmed, but the inflationary expectations of Russian households and representatives of the expert community are not fully adaptive. The study found that the inflation expectations of Russian economic agents are not yet fully anchored. The Bank of Russia has the opportunity to increase the effectiveness of the inflation targeting policy by developing and implementing measures to increase the impact on inflation expectations. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031816&r=cis |
| By: | Szymon Jankiewicz (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Nadezhda Knyaginina (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | After inspections by Public Prosecutor’s Office in 2017, the question of lawfulness of compulsory learning of republican languages at school received widespread ñoverage. This article addresses the question of whether Russian republics have the right to establish a duty to learn the state language of the republic in schools. The right of republics to establish their own state language, stipulated by the provisions of the Russian Constitution, federal legislation, and the national-territorial principle of the formation of republics in Russia, presupposes the republic’s ability to establish the compulsory study of its language in the state and municipal schools on its territory. Since 2007, this right has been formally blocked by the Federal State Educational Standards (FSES) approved by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science. The de facto prohibition of compulsory language learning significantly limits the republics in the full realization of the right to establish their state language |
| Keywords: | linguistic rights, educational rights, state language of republic, federalism, federal state educational standards |
| JEL: | K10 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:83/law/2018&r=cis |
| By: | Alexander V. Mikhailovsky (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This article in the form of “reflections” is devoted mainly to the image-building of Heidegger in Russia as a thinker of Being, a conservative critic of late modernity and a “post” philosopher. On the one hand, due to French post-modernism influence on late Soviet and post-Soviet philosophy Russia has developed a special interest in Heidegger’s deconstruction theory. On the other hand, the reception of Heidegger’s criticism of European nihilism, totalitarianism and machine technology as the manifestations of modernity has shaped significantly the account of the “political”. The specifics of Russian reception of Heidegger can also be traced in the rejection of strict division between the “core” of Heidegger’s philosophy and “accidental” conditions related to social and political aspects of his work in 1930s. The current discussion about recently published “Black notebooks” shows not only the fact of existence of a separate language of description and analysis in Russian philosophical field but also an original tendency to holistic consideration of Heidegger’s thinking including not only his existential and historical reflections but also political passages and criticism of civilizational discourse. In addition to the reviews of “Black notebooks” by N.V. Motroshilova, V.V. Mironov and D. Mironova in the last year’s issues of the magazine “Voprosy filosofii” there are earlier works by N.V. Motroshilova, V.V. Bibikhin and A.V. Gulyga related to the debate on Heidegger’s political and ideological commitment which are in focus of attention |
| Keywords: | Martin Heidegger, “Black Notebooks”, the history of Being, the thinking of Being, Another Inception Vladimir Bibikhin, Nelli Motroshilova, Arseniy Gulyga |
| JEL: | Z19 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:165/hum/2018&r=cis |
| By: | Mikhailova, Tatiana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Quantitative studies of long-term trends in the spatial evolution of the Russian economy make it possible to better understand the factors that have affected the geographic structure of the economy in the past and to predict the consequences of regional policy in the future. The economic geography of modern Russia bears the consequences of the decisions of the planned Soviet economy for 70 years, and the impact of events in Russian history. The most significant of the historical factors affecting the geography of industry and population is the Great Patriotic War. However, studies of the consequences of the Second World War, based on real data on the distribution of population and enterprises, are still small due to the long period of inaccessibility of secret data. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031835&r=cis |
| By: | Gordeev, Dmitry (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | As a result of 2014, Russia's foreign trade turnover amounted to about 820 million tons and 700 billion US dollars. In 2015, the figures fell significantly and amounted to 750 million tons and 404 billion US dollars. In 2016 cargo traffic in physical terms increased to 767 million tons, but decreased in value to 363 billion US dollars. The key drivers of the changes for the period from 2014 to 2016 were the following: the imposition of mutual sanctions between the Russian Federation and foreign states, the unstable political situation in Ukraine and the trade blockade on the part of Ukraine. As a result, there was a redistribution of cargo flows between the points of admission on the border of the Russian Federation. In addition, the redistribution of freight flows is influenced by barriers related to the customs administration system, which are faced by companies engaged in foreign economic activities. The purpose of this work is to build a methodology and conduct a quantitative assessment of the impact of customs reform in Russia on the loading of checkpoints, including analysis of the product and geographical aspects. The results of the assessment will allow to build priorities for the arrangement of existing checkpoints on the basis of gravitation to them from the side of freight carriers. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031831&r=cis |
| By: | Danilov, Yury (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The paper studies the development of the Russian derivative financial instruments. The results of calculations of the main quantitative indicators of the development of this market, including the main structural parameters, are presented. The main obstacles are identified and proposals for their overcoming are formulated. Factors determining the formation of foreign markets for derivative financial instruments on Russian assets and factors facilitating the return of these markets to Russian jurisdiction are investigated. Proposals on the further development of the markets for derivative financial instruments in Russia are formulated. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031828&r=cis |
| By: | Vitola, Alise; Grigoriadis, Theocharis |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we explore the long-run effects of cultural and imperial legacies in the Baltic region. Drawing evidence from the 1897 population census in the Russian Empire, we find that localities with a higher share of German historical population are inclined to be more developed in contemporary Latvia and Estonia. Furthermore, based on the Life-In-Transition Survey (LiTS), we use robust regression discontinuity and identify persistent differential patterns of socioeconomic and political preferences across the borders of the former imperial territories of Estland, Livonia (Swedish Livonia), Letgallia (Polish Livonia) and Courland. Hence, we argue for the persistence of legacies as drivers of divergent development paths in the regions of Latvia and Estonia. |
| Keywords: | Baltic Germans,diversity,empire,development,culture |
| JEL: | N43 O57 P51 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:fubsbe:20186&r=cis |
| By: | Blokhin, Andrey (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Gerasimova, Yulia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Komarnitskaya, Anna (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The aggravated recent problems of uncontrolled growth of the regional debt and deterioration of the budget balance of the consolidated budget of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation indicate that the current budget policy of the subjects of the Russian Federation is not effective enough. At the same time, the fiscal instruments used by the federal center to support the development of the regions, including interbudgetary transfers, the rates of deductions from individual taxes, state programs, unified requirements for the formation of a state task for the provision of public goods and social services, do not meet modern challenges. Obviously, they should play a more active stimulating role in implementing the strategic objectives of regional policy, taking into account the changing socio-economic conditions in the forthcoming period. The current regional policy is secondary to other, first of all, sectoral politicians, therefore it is rather declarative. Her documents have not been reviewed for a long time. Sectoral documents (in particular, strategies, concepts for the development of industries and spheres of activity, state programs of the Russian Federation), as a rule, have a weak link to the specifics of the regions, the interconnection of their regional dimension is not carried out, the regional sections of each sector document are their own and do not coincide . Requirements to the documents being developed on their mutual linking in the regional context are not formulated in the legislation. In the circumstances, budgetary instruments only smooth out the most acute problems of regional policy, and do not solve them, in essence. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031822&r=cis |
| By: | Balandina, Galina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The Message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation from December 3, 2015 determined the task of forming a single, integral mechanism for the administration of customs and other fiscal payments. The solution of this problem implies radical changes in the field of customs affair that would be aimed at introducing advanced control technologies based on electronic technologies, creating end-to-end monitoring mechanisms throughout the product life cycle, structural and functional transformations in the public administration system, restructuring the interaction processes between participants in foreign economic activity and control (supervisory) bodies. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031836&r=cis |
| By: | Gromov, Vladimir (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Korytin, Andrey (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Shatalova, Svetlana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy) |
| Abstract: | Tax system in a market economy plays a very important role, simultaneously acting as a source of government revenue and providing different mechanisms for economic growth. However, for achieving the goals tax system needs to be effective and consistently evolve subject to new challenges and problems that one should solves in the framework of improving the investment and business climate and in the context of budget revenue increase. Based on these priorities the working paper presents prospective recommendations for the changes in the Russian tax system in accordance with current issues. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031818&r=cis |
| By: | Kurdin, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The work evaluates the main directions of Russia's competition policy on the basis of the current regulatory and legal framework and determines its long-term priorities using a systemic approach. The competitive policy of Russia is considered as a system that includes the norms of antimonopoly legislation and related branches of law, as well as a wide range of organizations that ensure their implementation. The paper identifies the functional priorities that ensure the stable functioning of this system, as well as sectoral priorities related to specific objects of competition policy and allow the most efficient distribution of efforts and resources to achieve the goals of state economic policy in general. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031837&r=cis |
| By: | Aliev, Timur (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Flegontova, Tatiana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Baeva, Marina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Kuznetsova, A (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Manuylov, Ilya (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Bondareva, Veronika (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Pyzhikov, Nikita (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The paper reviews APEC's education agenda, current state of education market in Asia-Pacific as well as Russia’s involvement in this market. It concludes with the set of recommendations which seek to elaborate how Russia can improve its competitiveness on the said market, including through its participation in APEC activities. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031833&r=cis |
| By: | Tatyana Rudneva (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper concentrates on the activities of different actors on the international arena in the area of security, their cooperation with each other and the overall role diplomatic activities play in the twenty-first century global security governance. After the two worlds wars the international community adopted the principle of collective defence and tried to establish a comprehensive multilevel international security system headed by the UN. Nation-states ceased to be the only actors participating in the international relations, instead they acquired the role of the smallest elements in a global UN-system, often linked together by regional intergovernmental organisations (ROs) to build smaller regional subsystems. On top of that, they still enjoyed all the powers they had as sovereign states. Given the non-hierarchical character of the described system the functions of its components often overlapped and intertwined. With the rising involvement of non-state actors, the system is as intricate as ever. For the system to be effective, it is very important that all the actors are able to participate in the governance processes adequately and equitably. In the age of urgent security challenges, the response has to be quick and concerted. In the present paper, we provide a detailed analysis of the activities of different actors directed at resolving an interstate conflict. We chose to focus on the 2008 Russia-Georgia conflict in South Ossetia, in which directly or indirectly was involved a whole bunch of intergovernmental organisations (CSTO, OSCE, SCO, UN, EU, NATO), sovereign state and non-state actors. It is particularly remarkable that despite the fact that both states were members of the UN and a number of ROs, which should have been enough to ensure proper cooperation, there were still organisations and institutions involved neither of the states were members of, as, for example, the EU. Thus, in regard to the activities of different actors the 2008 Russia-Georgia conflict is illustrative of at least two phenomena: (i) actors trying to exert influence beyond the territory of their concern (ii) actors trying to exert influence beyond their policy domain. Using case-study approach, the paper will present an investigation of these two phenomena and the logic behind them. We will scrutinise the actual way the conflict was handled and what role each of the actors involved played in resolving the conflict in order to determine why they chose to participate in the first place, to define their goals and objectives and to estimate the influence each of them had on the outcome and the general ability of the existing system to provide a concerted response to the challenges of global security despite coinciding scopes. The findings of this study will help to draw conclusions about the role of different players in the global security governance and evaluate the efficiency of the existing global governance mechanisms |
| Keywords: | global governance conflict resolution security governance Russia Georgia |
| JEL: | Z |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:30/ir/2018&r=cis |
| By: | Mark A Horton; Hossein Samiei; Natan P. Epstein; Kevin Ross |
| Abstract: | Since late 2014, exchange rates (ERs) and ER regimes of the Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA) countries have come under strong pressure. This reflects the decline of oil and other commodity prices, weaker growth in Russia and China, depreciation of the Russian ruble, and appreciation of the U.S. dollar, to which CCA currencies have historically been linked. Weaker fiscal and current account balances and increased dollarization have complicated the picture. CCA countries entered this period with closely managed ER regimes and, in many cases, currencies assessed by IMF staff to be overvalued. CCA central banks have price stability as their main policy objective, and most have relied on ER stability to achieve this objective. Thus, the first policy response involved intervention in local foreign exchange (FX) markets, often with limited communication. In this context, the IMF staff has reviewed ER policy advice and implementation strategies for CCA countries. |
| Date: | 2016–05–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfdep:16/07&r=cis |
| By: | Abramov, Alexander E. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Radygin, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy); Chernova, Maria I. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Based on the sample numbers from 146 Russian public companies for the period from 2006 to 2016, in the article tendencies in the sphere of their dividend policy are investigated. Significant differences in the dividend policy of private companies and KSU were revealed. Since 2007, there has been a stable trend of postponing the payment of dividends for the last year for a later period of time within the current year. Different models of the dividend policy of private companies and KSU are shown in the paper, depending on changes in the profitability of capital and the level of debt load. At KGU, the relationship between the dividend payout ratio relative to net profit and the profitability of capital was significant and negative, while for private companies it was insignificant. It was established that the influence of direct or total state share is insignificant on the process of making a decision on making dividend payments in the current year, and the influence of the indirect share is significant and positive. Indirect ownership allows you to pay dividends, which are the result of more effective management and increased financial performance. Also, the results of the assessment confirm that financial efficiency and the availability of cash inflows after accounting for the investment program lead to an increase in the probability of dividend payments. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031817&r=cis |
| By: | Sergei V. Akopov (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This article aims to add to the exiting poststructuralism literature on Russian sovereignty two more dimensions. In the first part of the article we show the evolution of the symbolic representations of sovereignty in speeches of three Russian presidents and make their comparative analysis. The second part of the article highlights issues of “blame” and “moral duty” and to what degree they enable Russian elites to authoritatively claim to be the agent of its people. Analysis of key metaphors of Russian sovereignty is also exploring whether symbolic representations of sovereignty could be considered a Russian version of “state simulacrum”. Based on inductive approach this research explores sovereignty as a discursive practice narrated as part of official political discourse of Russian Federation. We seek to answer who and how is talking about Russian sovereignty, what are symbolic practices and new frames of its articulation. As an empirical base paper uses 1994-2018 Addresses of Russian president to Federal Assembly as well as several other principal text on sovereignty. |
| Keywords: | Russia, Sovereignty, Symbolic Representations, Blame, Duty, Political Discourse |
| JEL: | Z |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:61/ps/2018&r=cis |
| By: | Volovik, Nadezhda (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Regional economic integration has proved itself in the world practice as a successful model of strategic development. Liberalization of customs tariffs, as well as unification and removal of non-tariff restrictions within the integration associations are carried out faster than in the whole world trading system. At present, 419 regional trade agreements (RTS) have been signed, of which more than half are agreements on free trade zones (FTAs). In the context of a certain decrease in the intensity of Russia's interaction with Western partners, the escalation of activity in the Asia-Pacific region (the most dynamically growing world region) acquires special significance for the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEC). A key area of ??international cooperation for the EEMA is the implementation of the formats of modern comprehensive agreements on free trade zones. The ASEAN countries have rich experience in concluding regional trade agreements. In total, they concluded more than 80 bilateral and multilateral RTAs. Thus, currently there are multilateral RTAs (the so-called ASEAN 1) ASEAN-China, ASEAN-India, ASEAN-the Republic of Korea and ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031832&r=cis |
| By: | Kozyrin N. Aleksandr (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This article examines one of the topical issues of Russian tax law, namely, the issue regarding the definition of a forfeit under the current Russian legislation on taxes and charges. The paper analyses the changes in the legal nature of forfeits under the Russian tax legislation—from the measure of responsibility for violation of tax legislation (in the 1990s) to the means of securing the performance of tax duty (with the entry into force of the Russian Tax Code in 1999). The research identifies the reasons for the alteration of the definition of a forfeit under Russian tax law and assesses the consequences for maintaining the balance of public and private interests in the tax law. The research formulates proposals on improving the legislation regulating tax relations for the computation and payment of forfeits |
| Keywords: | tax law; fiscal principle; balance of public and private interests; tax duty; securing the performance of tax duty; measure of responsibility for a violation of tax rules. |
| JEL: | Z |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:81/law/2018&r=cis |
| By: | Andrey Klimenko (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Alexander Kalgin (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | A vital aspect of improving governance involves spearheading its strategic dimension and making current policy activities more closely aligned with the goals and objectives of sustainable growth. At the same time, implementation of strategic management is associated with considerable costs for the drafting, cross-cutting coordination and monitoring of strategic planning documents. These costs are often not taken into account. This article aims at showing that the costs of developing strategic plans can be significant. This is confirmed by survey data that allowed for estimating costs of drafting strategic planning documents in Russia |
| Keywords: | Strategic planning, governance, institutional changes, administrative cost, accountability, incentives, stakeholder’s involvement. |
| JEL: | D73 H83 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:17/psp/2018&r=cis |
| By: | Natalia Rimashevskaya (Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population); Marina Malysheva (Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population); Marina Pisklakova-Parker (Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population) |
| Abstract: | The article presents the issues of optimum utilization of labour resources in terms of sharing professional and family responsibilities caused by changing gender roles in the society and emerging of the new fathering phenomenon. The authors proceed from the assumption that promotion of business initiatives and innovations are not valuable as such but as far as they are to satisfaction of needs of the different families in view of their cultural and social priorities. The authors argue that the conduct of business should be reasonable, so that parents could successfully fulfil their family responsibilities without violation of parental rights. Otherwise, sustainability of society may be threatened. This problem is emphasized as the main one within the framework of the project on fatherhood studies in contemporary Russia. This article includes the basic results of the project. |
| Keywords: | gender roles,employees' policy,balance of professional and family roles,new fathering models |
| Date: | 2017–09–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01735831&r=cis |
| By: | Dmitry Lyusin (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The well-known modern dimensional models of affect include two or three dimensions. They are typically based on self-reports using English emotion terms. It remains unclear to what extent these models can be applied to different cultures and languages. The present study is aimed at finding the dimensions underlying the descriptions of emotional states in Russian and suggests a structural model of affect based on these findings. At the first stage, a comprehensive list of Russian nouns denoting emotional states was compiled. It comprised 330 words and was reduced to a list of 56 words. At the second stage, participants rated their emotional states using this list. The exploratory factor analysis yielded three dimensions that underlay participant descriptions of the emotional states – negative affect with low activation, positive affect with high activation, and tension. This model is compared to other structural models of affect and its special features are discussed. This model can be used for developing Russian-based measures for the assessment of mood. |
| Keywords: | affect structure, core affect, dimensional models, valence, tension. |
| JEL: | Z |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:89psy2018&r=cis |
| By: | Barinova, Vera (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Zemtsov, Stepan (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Tsareva, Yulia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Despite active support of small and medium-sized business, its development indicators in Russia lag far behind those in developed countries, including due to the peculiarities of the institutional environment. Therefore, it is important to study the factors that affect entrepreneurial activity. The main goal of this work was a detailed analysis and generalization of the relevant empirical studies. As a result, the influence of the following factors was revealed: individual characteristics of entrepreneurs, institutional conditions, human capital, accumulated wealth and agglomeration effects. The obtained results will make it possible to make informed decisions in the sphere of supporting small and medium-sized businesses. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031830&r=cis |
| By: | Gabueva, Larisa (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Pavlova, Nina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Today, at the highest level, both the leadership of our country and the scientific community stress the need to support and develop the human capital of Russians. But in connection with the transformation of the model of the economy of our country, which caused a series of reforms in various sectors, certain difficulties arose in this area in new dimensions of the effectiveness of managing these processes. The health of the population and the issues of its maintenance can be represented in two aspects. On the one hand, - as one of its main elements - a resource for the formation and development of other components of human capital (knowledge and skills). On the other hand, as a quantitative and qualitative indicator of their potential functioning, expressed in the potential work capacity of citizens and the duration of their healthy and active life. In this regard, services that enrich the methodological aspects of healthy lifestyles (HLS) and the practice of healthy lifestyles can appear in government programs for health development, as well as in targeted programs of a number of other agencies that coordinate aspects of social security, education, sports and recreation of Russians. |
| Keywords: | quality of a healthy life, communication platforms "doctor-patient", healthy way of life of children, adolescents and youth |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031827&r=cis |
| By: | Agne Paliokaite (Visionary Analytics); Monika Petraite (Kaunas University of Technology); Elena González Verdesoto (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and innovation, Lithuania, Innovation system |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111273&r=cis |
| By: | Dobronravova, Elizaveta (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the reaction of the aggregate output, the real exchange rate and inflation in response to the shock of the terms of trade, both in the Russian economy and in the panel of countries specializing in oil exports. We divide shocks of world oil prices into positive and negative ones using Mork and Hamilton approaches. This could help us to show that changes in macroeconomic indicators in response to the positive and negative shocks in the terms of trade are asymmetric. The sharp negative dynamics of oil prices has a greater impact on the economy of the oil-exporting country in comparison with the unexpected increase in energy prices. It is shown that in the group of countries using the inflation targeting regime, output reacts to the shock of oil prices to a lesser extent than in the group of countries adhering to the fixed exchange rate regime. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031811&r=cis |
| By: | Gundars Kulikovskis (FIDEA); Diana Petraityte (FIDEA); Blagoy Stamenov (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Latvia, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111257&r=cis |
| By: | Abramov, Alexander E. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Akshentseva, Ksenia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Radygin, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy); Chernova, Maria I. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The authors conducted an analysis of the effectiveness of managing the pension savings portfolio of APF for 2005-2016. It is shown that in the long-term time interval, pension accumulation portfolios in APFs have not yet managed to outbid inflation. The gap between the profitability of APF portfolios and the profitability of investing pension savings on individual pension accounts of citizens in APF remains significant. Based on the existing structure of pension portfolios in APF, the potential profitability of their portfolios was calculated, which turned out to be almost 3 percentage points higher than the actual yield from portfolio management published by APF. The analysis of yields of APF portfolios taking into account the risk has shown that at a 10-year time horizon, the profitability of funds lies close to the set of optimal portfolios for Markowitz. This suggests that the main problem in the effectiveness of portfolio management of pension savings lies not in the effectiveness of the APF itself, but in the limitations of the instruments of the domestic market from the point of potential of profitability and risk. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031814&r=cis |
| By: | Rainer Kattel (Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, University College London); Blagoy Stamenov (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Estonia, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111256&r=cis |
| By: | Pavlova, Natalia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Currently, an understanding of a special agenda that unites developing countries (in particular, BRICS) from the point of view of their antimonopoly policy is being formed. One of the issues on this agenda is the objectives to be pursued by the antimonopoly authority in a country whose economy belongs to the developing one. Within the framework of this work, specific features that unite the goal setting in the antimonopoly policy of the BRICS countries are defined. To solve this problem, the work reveals the diversity of antimonopoly policy objectives encountered in practice, typologize the antimonopoly authorities in terms of goal-setting and designates the specifics of setting goals for the antimonopoly authorities of the BRICS countries. |
| Keywords: | antimonopoly policy, competition policy, competition authorities, institutional design, BRICS |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031838&r=cis |
| By: | Dmitry Poldnikov (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Comparative legal history is a fashionable new discipline which aims at a better understanding of the law's past by comparing similarities and differences of legal phenomena in two or more jurisdictions beyond the limits of national legal histories. Despite its popularity in Europe, it still lacks comparative projects that cover both Western and Eastern areas of the Continent, not least because the methodology of such comparison requires proper consideration and cannot be simply copied from comparative law or national legal histories. The present article evaluates the applicability of the dominant method of today's comparative law (the functional one) in the domain of the general contract law of the first codifications in the major jurisdictions of Continental Europe (Austria, France, Germany, Russia) during the 'long 19th century'. This subject matter is chosen by way of example as a 'legal cross-road' of legal concepts and models, more susceptible to changes, innovations, borrowings, and closely l inked to social needs. In the main part of the article, it is argued that the adaptation of the functional method to the needs of comparison in legal history becomes plausible due to at least two factors. First, comparatists mitigated the rigid assumptions of the 'classical' functionalism of the 20th century (rejecting its privileged status and purely functional perception of law, irrebuttable presumptions of similarity and unification of compared legal systems etc.). Second, many legal historians, like the drafters of the first civil codes in Western and Eastern Europe, also believe that law is more than minimally connected to social problems and manifests itself primarily through its actual application. On the basis of such premises, the author of this article discusses potential benefits and limitations of researching general contract law in the selected jurisdictions with the functional method. At the preparatory (descriptive) stage, it can be useful to assure comparability of contract law in the selected civil codes, to identify omissions in the codified general rules on contracts, and to arrange legal provisions around practically relevant issues. At the stage of analysis, functionalism can be coupled with teleological interpretation of legal norms to enable us to understand better the link between the application of the legal rules, their legal purposes, and the practical social problems serving as tertium comparationis for all the compared jurisdictions. A sketch of such an analysis in the final part of the article allows to conclude that a research with the help of the functional method narrows our perception of law as a cultural phenomenon and breaks the inner doctrinal logic, but in return, it offers a starting point for a much needed dialogue of legal historians with a wider legal community. |
| Keywords: | comparative legal history, contract law in Europe, functional method, tertium comparationis, codification of civil law |
| JEL: | K10 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:80/law/2018&r=cis |
| By: | Nikulin, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Trotsuk, Irina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Kurakin, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | This work represents the first step in developing a model for a systematic comparative analysis of the trajectories of the agrarian transformation of the regions of the BRICS countries and the EU. This model is intended, on the one hand, to combine the macro-optics of state planning, characteristic for modern economic research and statistical assessments with micro-optics of empirical projects, that track real local practices of agrarian development of specific rural territories and regions for a number of key indicators; on the other hand, to show the degree of continuity of the current regional and country scenarios of agrarian transformations in relation to the former (or historically distant) principles of economic reform. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031824&r=cis |
| By: | Algirdas Giedraitis (Klaipėda University); Rimantas Stašys (Klaipėda University); Rita Skirpstaitė (Klaipėda University) |
| Abstract: | The accelerating implementation of innovations in business "drags" the enterprise management teams into a chain of constant changes which requires rapid adaptation to the process of changes, becoming a routine. Development as an issue of a systemic qualitative change and of the increasing internal organisational potential is one of the most important issues in the advancement of modern organisations. The article introduces to the opportunities of the management team development as one of the main activity trends seeking to ensure the possibility of successful team management, continuous improvement of the members, and increasing competitiveness of the organisation. Upon conducting qualitative research in a Klaipėda region furniture manufacturing company, its findings, i. e. the opportunities of the management team development are presented: to encourage all the members of the management team to become leaders; to identify the goals of the personality and the competences development; to find out which competences each member wants to improve and to allow them to undertake additional activities that would enable the improvement of those competences; to set the operational goals for the members which would also allow (help) them to pursue their personal goals; to coordinate the values of the organisation and the team members on the basis of needs, when the need for self-realisation prevails over their hierarchy; to give more responsibility to the team members who wish and seek it; and to authorise each member of the team to resolve comnflicts independently. |
| Keywords: | production company,management team,development |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01705726&r=cis |
| By: | ADRIANO CRISTIAN GEWEHR; JANAINA RUFFONI; ALEXSANDRO MARIAN CARVALHO |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anp:en2016:137&r=cis |
| By: | Tilekeyev, Kanat; Mogilevskii, Roman; Abdrazakova, Nazgul; Dzhumaeva, Shoola |
| Abstract: | This report provides results of the study of the kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production and the marketing value chain in the Kyrgyz Republic. The main tool of this survey is field study of farmers, dealers-wholesalers, and bean exporters with elements of quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as the results of desk analysis using open sources of information. The report analyzes agrotechnical conditions for bean production, including data on bean-related phytosanitary safety and the situation with bean-related food safety standards when exporting it and marketing problems in foreign markets. Findings of the study include the main barriers and constraints to increasing domestic production, improving bean quality and processing, and improving the phytosanitary situation and food safety standards; recommendations on Kyrgyz bean market improvement are also included. |
| Keywords: | kidney beans, exports, production, value chain |
| JEL: | Q12 Q13 Q17 |
| Date: | 2018–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:85299&r=cis |
| By: | Tomas Ramanauskas (Bank of Lithuania); Skirmante Matkenaite (Bank of Lithuania); Virgilijus Rutkauskas (Bank of Lithuania) |
| Abstract: | By resorting to the analytical integrated accounts framework, this paper investigates the relationship between economic and financial imbalances during the recent economic and financial cycle in Lithuania. There is clear evidence from the financial accounts data that there was a pronounced expansion of balance sheets of institutional sectors during the phase of the economic upturn, whereas the economic downturn was essentially a balance-sheet recession characterised by contracting private sector balance sheets and the reversal in credit flows and monetary dynamics. The boom-and-bust cycle was strongly associated with exuberant bank lending during the boom years, followed by a sudden reversal of lending conditions and the subsequent repatriation of debt financing by foreign banks. The Lithuanian experience also confirms that strong credit and asset price boom accompanied by economic imbalances, and debt financing of current account deficits in particular, is a potentially risky mix of economic conditions. The policy response to crisis was a market-imposed austerity but nevertheless there was a sharp rise in public debt, essentially offsetting deleveraging in the private sector. The effective replacement of growth of private sector debt with a rapid accumulation of public debt was a very important stabilising factor. Certain characteristics of bank credit (namely, its partial self-financing) imply that under some conditions economic stabilisation could have been achieved through domestic financing. However, the government had to resort to foreign financing, which was rather costly. During the crisis the monetary dynamics was driven by government borrowing from abroad, stepped up capital transfers from abroad and positive current account adjustments, all of which allowed foreign parent banks to withdraw debt financing and replace it with domestic deposit financing. |
| Date: | 2018–04–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lie:opaper:20&r=cis |
| By: | Jokubas Markevicius (Bank of Lithuania) |
| Abstract: | In the aftermath of the financial crisis, Lithuania‘s banking sector faced structural changes related to higher concentration, decreased interconnectedness and lower risk appetite. At the same time banks were able to maintain strong profitability levels measured by the EU standards largely due to increased efficiency, very low funding costs, reduced impairments and stable commission income. This paper describes the banking sector of Lithuania in the post-crisis environment and argues that the post-crisis structural changes in general had positive effects on the banking sector’s resilience and in the first instance on profitability. In particular, high concentration of the sector was likely to help banks achieve higher efficiency while reduced risk tolerance had direct positive effects on lower impairments as well as indirect effects on lower funding costs. On the other hand, good profitability of the sector has been largely dependent on two largest market participants while smaller banks and branches had less prosperous profitability prospects. In the environment where large banks appear to have particularly good cost management practises, the possibilities for entry of new market players of significant size are plausible only if the newcomers are able to reach the prevailing level of high efficiency. However, without a sizeable market share this might be difficult to achieve. |
| Date: | 2018–04–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lie:opaper:21&r=cis |
| By: | Hübner, Felix; Hünlich, Tobias; Frost, Florian; Volk, Rebekka; Schultmann, Frank |
| Abstract: | Die Reaktorkatastrophe im japanischen Fukushima im Jahr 2011 führte in vielen Ländern weltweit zu einer Neubewertung der Risiken, die mit der Nutzung der Kernenergie verbunden sind. In der Folge wurde beispielsweise in Deutschland die vorzeitige Außerbetriebnahme von acht Leistungsreaktoren beschlossen und ein Ausstieg aus der Kernenergienutzung zur kommerziellen Stromerzeugung bis zum Jahr 2022 festgelegt. Auch in anderen Ländern kam es zu Betriebseinstellungen und viele Betreiber sehen sich zunehmend steigenden Kosten beim Weiterbetrieb aufgrund technischer Nachrüstungen ausgesetzt. Hinzukommend sind 60 Prozent aller weltweit in Betrieb befindlichen Reaktoren 30 Jahre und älter, womit viele kerntechnische Anlagen das Ende ihrer Auslegungsbetriebszeit erreichen. Daher gewinnt die Stilllegung dieser Anlagen vermehrt an Bedeutung. Die Anzahl kerntechnischer Anlagen, die in den nächsten 10 Jahren zurückgebaut werden, wird in dieser Studie untersucht. Darüber hinaus wird untersucht, wie attraktiv die dadurch entstehenden Rückbaumärkte kerntechnischer Anlagen aus der Sicht von Rückbauunternehmen sind bzw. sein werden. Die Restlaufzeiten der einzelnen Reaktoren sind oft nicht fest vorgegeben und Vorgehensweisen im Stilllegungsprozess unterschiedlich, sodass unklar ist, zu welchem Zeitpunkt Rückbauarbeiten beginnen können. Aus diesem Grund werden in dieser Studie die Rahmenbedingungen der 17 Länder mit den meisten kerntechnischen Anlagen weltweit analysiert, um von den individuellen Bedingungen die Zeitpunkte jedes einzelnen Reaktors und somit das Marktpotential eines Landes herzuleiten. Für Länder mit einem hohen Marktpotential wird im Anschluss mithilfe unterschiedlicher Kriterien deren Marktattraktivität in Bezug auf den Rückbau kerntechnischer Anlagen untersucht und analysiert. Es zeigt sich, dass in vielen westlichen Ländern laufzeitverlängernde Maßnahmen durchgeführt werden. Nach dem Leistungsbetrieb wird in der Regel der Direkte Rückbau gegenüber dem Sicheren Einschluss favorisiert. Nachbetriebsphasen zur Vorbereitung des Rückbaus können zwischen einem Jahr und zehn Jahren andauern. Mithilfe der Szenariotechnik wird gezeigt, dass innerhalb der nächsten 10 Jahre in 14 Ländern zwischen 69 und 103 Reaktoren rückgebaut werden, was Kosten bis zu 100 Milliarden Euro verursachen wird. In Frankreich, Deutschland, den USA, Japan, Russland und Schweden ist das Potential besonders hoch, wohingegen bspw. in Großbritannien und Kanada in absehbarer Zukunft keine Anlagen rückgebaut werden. Die 14 Länder mit dem größten Marktpotential werden des Weiteren anhand von makro- und mikroökonomischen Faktoren sowie ihrer spezifischen Markteintrittsbarrieren und anhand des politischen Umfelds untersucht. Das Ergebnis der Untersuchungen zeigt, dass vor allem Europa und der APAC Raum interessante Möglichkeiten für einen Markteintritt bieten werden. Viele der heute führenden Länder in der Kernindustrie zeichnen sich durch eine für den Rückbau von kerntechnischen Anlagen politisch ungünstige Lage und eine hohe inländische Wettbewerbsintensität aus. Insbesondere kleinere Länder werden als besonders attraktiv identifiziert. Vor allem hier bestehen für spezialisierte Rückbauunternehmen gute Chancen, sich im Markt zu etablieren. Als attraktivste Länder für einen Markteintritt wurden Spanien, Deutschland und Südkorea identifiziert. Russland und Japan können vor allem aufgrund der existierenden Marktstruktur als unattraktiv beschrieben werden. |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:kitiip:25&r=cis |