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on Confederation of Independent States |
| By: | Scherbov, Sergei (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Shulgin, Sergey (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we estimate the expected duration of healthy life for the regions of Russia. For this, the Sanderson-Shcherbov model is estimated on the microdata of the World Health Organization collected in the SAGE survey for countries with an average life expectancy. Using the obtained model estimates and mortality tables (for Russia in general and for individual Russian regions), estimates are made for the age-related prevalence of health status. Using the Sullivan model and estimated age-related prevalence rates, extended mortality tables are constructed and estimates of the expected duration of healthy life are made. This approach is used to obtain Russian regional estimates for 2015 and Russian forecast trajectories. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031805&r=cis |
| By: | Veronika Chernova (Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia); Alexander Zobov (Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia); Vasily Starostin (State University of Management); Galina Butkovskaya (State University of Management) |
| Abstract: | The sanction standoff between Russia and the West opened up new opportunities for Russian food manufacturers. A new import substitution policy declared by the government restricted the access of the leading foreign countries to the market and unlocked a potential for internal development. Russian producers spotted new niches in the food market. There exist numerous obstacles to assimilating new market prospects: organizational (logistics, infrastructure, etc.), investment, legal, economic, etc. The paper underlines that the problem of enhancing the effectiveness of food companies' marketing policy in the context of import substitution is among the most formidable challenges. The article generalizes the problems of implementing the marketing policy of Russian enterprises. It reviews the core findings of the research studies on exploring consumers' attitude towards Russian and foreign-made food products. The author formulates recommendations about executing sustainable marketing communication strategies of Russian companies under import substitution. |
| Keywords: | consumer goods,food products,marketing communications,import substitution |
| Date: | 2017–12–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01705739&r=cis |
| By: | Kornienko, Natalia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy); Minina, Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Korolev, Georgy (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Pushkareva, Nataliya (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Mitrofanova, Ekaterina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | There are a number of objective reasons contributing to the growth of the importance of international tax treaties both in the world in general and for Russian Federation in particular: globalization, liberalization of foreign economic activity legislation in different countries; proclaiming freedom of movement of capital, goods, services and labor within the Eurasian Economic Union; OECD work on Action Plan on combating tax base erosion and profits shifting (BEPS) in implementation of which the Russian Federation takes an active part. In addition to the above, the Main directions of the tax policy of the Russian Federation for year 2016 and for the planning period of years 2017 and 2018 also contain development of measures aimed at solving problems of eliminating double "non-taxation" in the framework of BEPS Action Plan as well as, for example, clarification of a number of issues, in particular - taxation of corporate borrowing. The presented work contains analysis of actual court decisions in different countries of the world regarding application of the international tax treaties. This work is of the greatest interest due to the fact that a significant part of the judgments are decisions dated years 2015-2017 selected based on their relevance to the Russian Federation. Other decisions are not so relevant for Russia today, but will be relevant in the future, for example, judicial decisions on taxation of compensation payments to executives and top managers of companies such as the "golden handshake". The list of countries for which relevant judicial decisions are presented is not limited to the EU countries but also includes countries of Latin America and other countries such as Australia and India. The work also presents judicial decisions of the supranational body of the EU - the Court of Justice of the European Union. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031819&r=cis |
| By: | Danilov, Yury (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The paper studies the development of the Russian derivative financial instruments. The results of calculations of the main quantitative indicators of the development of this market, including the main structural parameters, are presented. The main obstacles are identified and proposals for their overcoming are formulated. Factors determining the formation of foreign markets for derivative financial instruments on Russian assets and factors facilitating the return of these markets to Russian jurisdiction are investigated. Proposals on the further development of the markets for derivative financial instruments in Russia are formulated. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031829&r=cis |
| By: | Kornienko, Natalia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy); Minina, Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Korolev, Georgy (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Mitrofanova, Ekaterina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Pushkareva, Nataliya (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Pricing agreements or, as they are called abroad, advanced pricing agreements, are no longer a new tool for controlling transfer pricing around the world, since the first advanced pricing agreements were concluded in the US in the last century. However, for Russia this instrument of transfer pricing is still quite new; legally the possibility of concluding such agreements only arose in 2012. At the same time, today the possibility of concluding pricing agreements in Russia is still a prerogative of largest taxpayers only, while abroad an opportunity to conclude advanced pricing agreement has been granted to all taxpayers, and in some countries small and medium-sized businesses enjoy simplified procedure for the conclusion and / or execution of advanced pricing agreements. The presented work analyses foreign experience of concluding and implementing advanced pricing agreements, both unilateral and multilateral. Special attention is paid to the analysis of international experience in concluding and implementing simplified advanced pricing agreements. In addition, the work analyses Russian experience of concluding pricing agreements. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031820&r=cis |
| By: | Kushlin, Valery (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Ustenko, Viktoria (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Ivanov, Oleg (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Sergeeva, Alexandra (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | In the face of new challenges, Russia is experiencing an objective need to accelerate the pace of economic growth by moving to an innovative economy. The tasks of technological modernization require the development of new approaches to the training and retraining of personnel necessary for the implementation of a breakthrough in priority science-intensive industries and, on this basis, improving the quality of management at all levels of the national economy, taking into account the best foreign and domestic practices. The paper analyzes the peculiarities of state regulation of the development of science intensive industries in the process of formation of the innovation economy and substantiates the need for improving the mechanism of training and professional development of cadres in the high technology strategic sectors of the Russian economy. The ways and possibilities of restructuring the system of higher and secondary vocational education in Russia are examined with the use of the most effective world experience accumulated recently. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of using modern geoinformation technologies to prepare innovative personnel. The experience of interaction of Russian higher educational institutions on the use of modern geoinformation technologies in education, science and management of regional development is examined. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031802&r=cis |
| By: | Barinova, Vera (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Zemtsov, Stepan (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Lanshina, Tatiana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | In the twentieth century, the high-tech sector of the world economy played a decisive role in economic development, radically changing many industries and technologies and improving the quality of people's lives. At present, in the 21st century, the role of high-tech industries continues to grow. In the context of the need to search for non-primary factors of growth in the Russian economy, its advantages and limitations are discussed. The territorial and sectoral structure of the sector in Russia is described in detail, a high proportion of knowledge-intensive industries is noted. A detailed analysis of the significant characteristics of the development of the high-tech sector (wages, exports, introduction of innovations, exchange of technologies, etc.) is given. The main trends in the development of technologically complex industries are analyzed, in particular, the causes and consequences of the observed increase in the share of the entire sector in the Russian economy are discussed. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions have been prepared on the prospects for the development of high technology in Russia. |
| Keywords: | high-tech industries, export, introduction of innovations, development, exchange of technologies |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:021804&r=cis |
| By: | Berezinskaya, Olga (Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Schelokova, Dina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The work is devoted to the analysis of the dynamics and characteristics of the dependence of Russian industrial production and the Russian market on imports and the identification of the activity and potential of import substitution in Russian industry. Actuality of work is determined by the scale of the dependence of the production process on the import of various industrial productions Russian economy, conditioned by the developed strategies of their development. With the weakening of the national currency, technological dependence on imports is a risk factor for the production and financial performance of Russian enterprises and at the same time forms a significant potential for import substitution as the most important driver of the growth of the Russian economy in the face of tight foreign trade restrictions. The work contains an analysis of the change in the costs of Russian industrial enterprises and the economy as a whole for imported raw materials, materials, purchased products with the maximum focus for the period of the weakening of the national currency and foreign trade restrictions, the dynamics and scale of the dependence of various industrial productions and the Russian market on imports during periods of strengthening and weakening of the national currency. Additional attention is paid to identifying the directions of import substitution in Russian industrial production. The results obtained in the work are substantial for understanding the dynamics, scale and nature of technological dependence on imports and the prospects for import substitution in Russian industrial production. |
| Keywords: | industrial production, local market, import, import substitution |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:021802&r=cis |
| By: | Magomedov, Rustam (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Ponomareva, Ekaterina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Russian Foreign Trade Academy) |
| Abstract: | The goal of the research is analyzing the main constraints to the development of manufacturing industries and proposing the criteria of necessity and effectiveness of the support of different industries. To achieve the above objective the following tasks were solved: - the review of theoretical approaches to industrial policy was conducted; - the main constraints to the development of Russian manufacturing industries were identified; - the current distribution of budget resources between different manufacturing industries was analyzed and the changes to the distribution was propozed; - the impact of financial constraints on industrial development was quantitatively estimated; - the recommendations for the use of the study’s results were proposed. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031803&r=cis |
| By: | Ara Stepanyan; Agustin Roitman; Gohar Minasyan; Dragana Ostojic; Natan P. Epstein |
| Abstract: | In the face of sharply lower oil prices and geopolitical tensions and sanctions, economic activity in Russia decelerated in late 2014, resulting in negative spillovers on Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and, to a lesser extent, on Baltic countries. The spillovers to eastern Europe have been limited. The degree of impact is commensurate with the level of these countries’ trade, remittances, and foreign direct investment (FDI) links with Russia. So far, policy action by the affected countries has focused on mitigating the immediate consequences of spillovers. |
| Keywords: | Economic growth;Europe;External shocks;Armenia;Azerbaijan;Middle East;Regional shocks;Moldova;Inflation;Russian Federation;Tajikistan;Uzbekistan;Negative spillovers;Remittances;exchange rate, currency, exchange |
| Date: | 2016–09–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfson:16/03&r=cis |
| By: | Сайфиева С.Н. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Соловьёва С.В. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Ермилина Д.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Ремезова М.Ю. (Институт проблем рынка РАН) |
| Abstract: | В коллективной монографии обоснована необходимость перехода от либеральной доктрины к финансово-денежной политике, стимулирующей экономический рост. Изучена специфика российской инфляции с теоретической и практической точек зрения, определены пути ее регулирования в различные периоды времени. Разработана комплексная методология анализа системы налогообложения в разрезе основных видов экономической деятельности и отраслей промышленности. Исследованы факторы повышения эффективности функционирования российской банковской системы и предложены варианты ее реформирования. Показана эволюция методологии балансовых построений, выполнен их анализ на различных этапах развития экономики. Нарушение макроэкономических пропорций в советский период привело к превалированию сферы производства над сферой потребления, неразвитости финансового сектора и, как следствие, к тотальному дефициту. В российский период реформ произошел разрыв взаимодействия реального и финансового секторов экономики, деградация производства и гипертрофированное развитие финансовой сферы. На основе анализа методологии балансовых построений в историческом аспекте разработаны конкретные предложения по возрождению реального сектора и повышению сбалансированности российской экономики, которые могут быть использованы для разработки антикризисной программы правительства РФ Определена специфика формирования и функционирования оборотных средств в различных отраслях экономики. Доказано, что для перевода российской экономики на траекторию роста необходимо смягчение финансово-денежной политики, направленное на расширение финансирования и кредитования финансового сектора за счет использования эмиссионного ресурса и удешевления заемных средств. Проанализированы предпосылки перехода к эффективной финансово-денежной политике, и сформулированы предложения, касающиеся преобразований в налоговой и банковской системах, с целью обеспечения стабильного, сбалансированного роста российской экономики. |
| Keywords: | финансово-денежное регулирование, материально- финансовая сбалансированность, экономическая безопасность, экономический рост, бюджет, налогообложение, налоговое маневрирование, государственное регулирование, банк, финансово- денежная политика банка Pоссии, предприятие, оборотные средства, экономическая активность |
| Date: | 2018–03–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:scn:meirep:r17-0466&r=cis |
| By: | Логинов Е.Л. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Борталевич С.И. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Магомедов Ш.М. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Романова Ю.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Цветков В.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Шутьков А.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Дудин М.Н. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Горяинов М.В. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Чиналиев В.У. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Юрьева А.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Зиядуллаев С.Н. (Институт проблем рынка РАН) |
| Abstract: | Основная цель работы заключалась в разработке новых технологий и подходов к формированию эффективных механизмов управления экономикой России. Обосновывается необходимость дальнейшей интеграции механизмов управления научно-техническим развитием для формирования [импортозамещающего] пакета встречных заказов и поставок в рамках отраслевых рынков России и ЕАЭС при модернизации основных производственных фондов группы ключевых предприятий государств-членов ЕАЭС с учетом ограниченности возможностей финансирования этих процессов за счет собственных средств предприятий и бюджетного финансирования. Предлагается фокусирование стратегических трендов формирования новой технологической базы на основе координации научно-технической деятельности государств-членов ЕАЭС в рамках прогнозных конфигураций сегментов технологических укладов будущего с учетом имеющихся финансовых ограничений в отношении финансирования этих процессов в государствах-членах ЕАЭС. Для повышения эффективности управления госведомствам России предлагается комплексное решение вопросов структурно-функциональной организации процессов использования модели самоорганизации и распада функциональных нейронно-сетевых структур для выполнении функций информационной поддержки механизмов безопасности и государственных институтов управления с целью поддержки лояльной к правовым нормам и управленческим рекомендациям (ключевым установкам) структуры организационных систем любого профиля деятельности с учетом динамических изменений, служащих источником действий сотрудников госведомств (отдельных индивидов и их агрегированных групп). Обосновывается необходимость создания Системы Систем обеспечения безопасности объектов в цифровой экономике (технологии «больших данных», квантовые компьютеры, цифровые предприятия, элементы искусственного интеллекта и пр.). При этом для обеспечения безопасности используются информационно-вычислительные гиперконвергентные матрицы, обеспечивающие устойчивую сходимость процессов решения задач обеспечения безопасности таких объектов к заданным целям. Гиперконвергентные матрицы позволяют управлять эмерджентными эффектами, возникающими в системе систем защиты. Они включаются в процесс сетевого ситуационного анализа для выявления в отношении объектов в цифровой экономике явных и неявных (латентных) характеристик их функционирования и управления. Системным итогом предлагаемого подхода является устойчивое целенаправленное функционирование всей цифровой экономики нашей страны. |
| Keywords: | экономика, управление, информационная система, мониторинг, анализ, прогнозирование, оптимизация |
| Date: | 2018–03–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:scn:meirep:r17-0468&r=cis |
| By: | Avraamova, Elena (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Karavay, Anastasia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Loginov, Dmitriy (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | This paper contains the results of the study which purpose was to identify the main adaptation strategies, implemented by different layers of Russian population to maintain the achieved standard of living or to improve it, as well as to determine the quality and efficiency of these strategies. The most spread adaptation strategies of Russians are studied: outsourcing, investment and savings strategy, strategy of the labor activity increase, strategy of changes in the professional sphere, the migration strategy and the strategy of private farming conducting. There are built the integral indicators of risks of reduction in life quality and adaptive capacity of the population. The methodology of the study involves the application of contemporary theoretical and empirical approaches, development of a system of indicators of the adaption practices success and efficiency of these strategies. The empirical part is based on the collection and analysis of sociological information, obtained in the course of representative polls (3500 respondents were polled in 2016, and 3000 respondents were polled in 2017). |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:021806&r=cis |
| By: | Alexeev, Michael (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Arlashkin, Igor (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Barbashiova, Natalya (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Deryugin, Alexander (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Komarnitskaya, Anna (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Moguchev, Nikita (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Tischenko, Tatiana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Filippova, Irina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The paper presents the results of the analysis of the Russian system of regional fiscal rules, including the comparison of the Russian and the foreign systems of regional fiscal rules. Based on the results of the analysis, recommendations are given to alter regional fiscal rules, established both in federal and in the regional legislation. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031821&r=cis |
| By: | Nesterova, Kristina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Multiregional computable general equilibrium models are employed extensively in international practice of examining the consequences of various measures of economic policy in the global context. Depending on the goals of the considered economic policy, the optimal model structure may vary. This study offers a comparison of a range of global CGE models, which results into constructing a global CGE model focused on current issues of Russian economic policy, such as the tax maneuver and the pension reform. |
| Keywords: | equilibrium model, international trade, tax reform |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:021807&r=cis |
| By: | Тулупов А.С. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Шутьков А.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Дудин М.Н. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Мудрецов А.Ф. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Прокопьев М.Г. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Чернявский С.В. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Витухин А.Д. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Кирсанов К.К. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Медведев П.В. (Институт проблем рынка РАН) |
| Abstract: | Основная цель настоящей работы заключается в разработке механизмов и инструментария экологически устойчивого развития национальной экономики. Реализация поставленной цели потребовала решения следующих взаимосвязанных задач: Анализ содержательных особенностей понятия «устойчивое развитие». Анализ современных мировых тенденций в сфере оценки и учета экологического фактора. Обобщение отечественного и зарубежного опыта оценки внешних эффектов вследствие загрязнения компонентов окружающей среды. Анализ отечественной системы налогообложения нефтегазовых доходов. Анализ обеспеченности продовольствием внутреннего рынка РФ. Разработка мер по усилению стимулирующего воздействия системы налогообложения нефтегазовых доходов Разработка теоретико-методологических положений и практических рекомендаций по оценке и учету экологического фактора. Разработка критерия физической и экономической доступности продовольствия в соответствии с принципами устойчивого развития. Научные результаты. Выделены современные мировые тенденции в сфере оценки и учета внешних эффектов как неотъемлемой составляющей устойчивого развития. Разработаны базовые компоненты инструментария обеспечения устойчивого развития национальной экономики, удовлетворяющие мировым тенденциям, а также современным условиям формирования нового технологического уклада: теоретико-методологические положения и практические рекомендации по оценке и учету экологического фактора, стимулированию природоэксплуатирующих и ресурсодобывающих отраслей, определению физической и экономической доступности продовольствия в зависимости от относительной цены на отечественные и импортные товары, а также потребительских предпочтений. |
| Keywords: | устойчивое развитие, экологический фактор, рентное налогообложение, ущерб от загрязнения, агропромышленный комплекс, рациональное природопользование, охрана окружающей среды, модернизация экономики |
| Date: | 2018–03–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:scn:meirep:r17-0464&r=cis |
| By: | Kurakova, Natalia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Zinov, Vladimir (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The study reflects methodological approaches for the development of a set of measures aimed at improving monitoring and control over the enforcement of rights to intellectual property objects that have a high potential for industrial use. The work is based on the analysis of the national patent flow generated by the residents of the Russian Federation, according to the branches and categories of applicants for the period 1996-2016, which were submitted to foreign patent offices without specifying the Russian priority. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031801&r=cis |
| By: | Pleskachev, Yury (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Ponomarev, Yury (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Successful implementation of economic policy measures largely depends on the efficiency and accuracy of forecasts of key macroeconomic parameters of the economy. Deceleration of Russia's economic growth in the years 2013-2014 and the subsequent fall in GDP in 2015-2016 once again demonstrated the importance of taking urgent and at the same time balanced decisions, the basis for which should be the most relevant statistical base on key indicators, including real GDP. At the same time quarterly data on GDP dynamics is published with a considerable delay, which leads to the need of short-term forecasts in real time. The use of dynamic factor models for rapid forecasting of GDP has become particularly popular in world literature and also in practice (such models are used by the central Banks of the world's leading countries) over the last few years due to more accurate forecasts that allow to obtain the model data, as well as the fact that they allow to take into account changes in economic conditions and their impact on the country's economy in the formation of PUBLIC policy measures before the relevant statistical data are published. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031808&r=cis |
| By: | Цветков В.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Сухарев О.С. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Логинов Е.Л. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Юрьева А.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН) |
| Abstract: | В отчете выявлены ключевые проблемы и обоснованы перспективы инновационного развития высокотехнологичных секторов российской экономики. Проанализированы условия формирования и развития научно-технологической и инновационной инфраструктуры за период с 2008 г. по 2017 г. Показан зарубежный опыт научно-технологического и инновационного развития экономики. Выполнен комплексный анализ формирования инновационной инфраструктуры высокотехнологичных секторов экономики. Обоснованы индикаторы делового климата, условия развития человеческого капитала. |
| Keywords: | инновационное развитие, научно-технологичное развитие, промышленность, рынок, высокотехнологичный сектор экономики, регион, инфраструктура, деловая активность, человеческий капитал, экономический рост, конкурентоспособность |
| Date: | 2018–03–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:scn:meirep:r17-0470&r=cis |
| By: | Florinskaya, Yulia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Mkrtchyan, Nikita (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Based on all available data of state statistics and surveys, the level of education of long-term and temporary labor international migrants in Russia is analyzed and compared with the level of education of the country's population. The composition of long-term international migrants by education varies according to age, as well as from countries with which migration is carried out. The level of education of long-term migrants is quite close to the population of Russia, but in general the country lost more educated migrants than acquired. The distribution of international migrants by education depends on a change in the methodology for recording migration, which makes comparisons over a long period difficult. Regarding temporary labor migration, the statistical sources used are not so detailed, and cover not the entire population of migrants in Russia. However, the data from sample surveys make possible to conclude that the educational potential of migrants is used, and to analyze specially selected categories of highly skilled migrants. |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:021809&r=cis |
| By: | Gorlin, Yury (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Lyashok, Victor (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Maleva, Tatiana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | The paper substantiates the need for reforming the pension system in Russia, in terms of raising the retirement age, highlights the positive consequences of such a reform, analyzes potential risks, examines their prevention measures, and cites counter-arguments to the most common objections. It is shown that as a result of demographic processes, the growth of informal employment, the decrease in the length of average length of service, the number of donors decreases with the number of recipients of the pension system. In these circumstances, maintaining the level of pensions will require significant additional costs that will fall on the national economy and the state budget. Raising the retirement age as one of the measures to optimize the pension system is aimed not only at maintaining an acceptable level of pensions, preventing the growth of budget transfers and increasing the burden on business and the population. The reform will improve the situation on the labor market and will contribute to the processes of active longevity. It is shown that the main arguments against raising the retirement age are for the most part not fully justified. A number of scenarios for raising the retirement age are examined in the work, the choice of the most rational from the economic and socio-demographic points of view is justified: up to 63 years for men, up to 60 years for women with a rate of 3 months per year in the first four years of reform, then for 6 months in year. The paper identifies the main tasks that must be solved in preparation for raising the retirement age in order to carry out such a socially and economically significant reform as efficiently as possible. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031804&r=cis |
| By: | Gvozdeva, Margarita (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); lubimov, Ivan (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Lysuk, Marina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | Diversification of the economy, the transition from the export of simple goods to more complex ones, is a fundamental approach to economic development. If there is a consensus on economic development through diversification among representatives of the academy and representatives of the authorities, then there is no such agreement as to which sectors should be chosen in the first place. The identification of new export industries is often not based on a fundamental scientific approach, and often reflects the desire to create as many new industries as possible, filling all cells in the input-output table in the shortest possible time. World practice does not know such precedents, while world experience points to other, gradualist and more successful export diversification strategies. This work will consider the approach to regional diversification, based on world historical experience and modern scientific methods. |
| Keywords: | diversification of the economy, export, economic development |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:021801&r=cis |
| By: | Skrobotov, Anton (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Fokin, Nikita (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | In the paper, an attempt is made to take into account the asymmetric reaction of the Bank of Russia to the positive and negative shocks of external economic conditions during the period from January 1999 to October 2014. For this, the nonlinear cointegrating regression with real exchange rate and real oil prices is modeled using the threshold vector error correction model (TVECM). |
| Keywords: | real exchange rate, monetary policy, The Central Bank of Russia, threshold error correction model, TVECM model |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:021808&r=cis |
| By: | Цветков В.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Зоидов К.Х. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Зиядуллаев Н.С. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Шагалов Г.Л. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Медков А.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Омарова З.К. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Живица В.И. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Зиядуллаев С.Н. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Петросянц Д.В. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Чернышов М.М. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Зоидов З.К. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Янкаускас К.С. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Кобил Ш.; Джураев Т.Э. |
| Abstract: | Основная цель настоящей работы заключается в системном исследовании динамики и структуры факторов экономического роста России и других стран постсоветского пространства; в разработке методологии оценки и описания структурных изменений в макроэкономических системах, предназначенных при решении задач стратегического регулирования экономической динамикой; в формулировке рекомендаций по принятию мер о вступлении других стран постсоветского пространства в ЕАЭС на основе выводов об экономическом эффекте такого присоединения; а также разработке прогноза научно-технологического развития России до 2030. |
| Keywords: | страны постсоветского пространства, Евразийский Экономический союз, социально-экономическая динамика, структурные изменения, производственные зависимости, государственное ациклическое регулирование, прогнозирование, инновационная экономика, модернизация экономики, глобализация, мировой финансово-экономический кризис, компьютерно-графическое моделирование, стратегия опережающего развития, глобальная нестабильность |
| Date: | 2018–03–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:scn:meirep:r17-0465&r=cis |
| By: | Sergejs Hilkevics (Ventspils University College); Galina Hilkevica (Ventspils University College) |
| Abstract: | Financial health of companies in certain region is the foundation on which the prosperity of region is based. If companies in region are healthy and successful, there are good reasons to believe that all social problems can be solved relatively easy. Regional economic development in Latvia at present time happens inhomogeniously – there is a growing region near Riga where economic and social development is going very good, and there are regions where results are worse. The main purpose of this paper is to describe, apply and provide critical review the existing information technologies based possibilities for Latvian companies' financial health evaluation. We focus on the set of financial ratios necessary for economic health evaluation and homepages parsing based methods for these ratios determination for Latvian companies. |
| Keywords: | fundamental analysis,new information technologies |
| Date: | 2017–12–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01703267&r=cis |
| By: | Zadvorneva, Evgenia; Stukach, Victor |
| Abstract: | Purpose: to investigate methodological aspects and propose practical measures to develop the institutional environment of the agro-food market of the suburbs of the capital of Kazakhstan in Astana when entering the WTO. The object of the study are the institutions of infrastructure, the subject of research - the problems of the formation and development of the infrastructure of the agro-food complex of the metropolitan suburban area. To write the article, methods of economic research were used: abstract-logical, analytical, economic-statistical, expert. The agro-food market of the capital city is a system of economic relations between producers and consumers of food products, mediated by enterprises of the infrastructure complex. Its potential is formed from the resources of a suburban agricultural and food complex. The market infrastructure of the city economy in the food supply system of the capital city includes trade and intermediary, financial and credit, transport, information, economic, legal infrastructure designed to meet the needs of participants in the local food market. Opening its agricultural and food market for world food producers in the amount of its obligations to the WTO, Kazakhstan creates conditions for companies, the introduction of scientific and technological progress. One of the most important ways to increase the efficiency of production and sustainable development of the market infrastructure of the suburban area of Astana is the organization of an agrotechnical park designed to combine the scientific core, educational system and production complex into a single integrated research and production formation. |
| Keywords: | infrastructure institutions, infrastructure, suburban area, agrotechnopark |
| JEL: | O24 O3 O4 Q1 Q13 R11 |
| Date: | 2017–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:85558&r=cis |
| By: | Anastasiya Luzgina (Belarusian Economic Research and Outreach Center) |
| Abstract: | Construction sector is on of the most closed and corrupted sector in many countries. Belarus is no exception. For understanding the real situation with corruption and tax evasion in construction sector in Belarus the survey of 50 construction companies was done. According to achieved results, a large share of respondents agreed that some companies of the sector have hidden income, pay salaries " in envelopes " and spend some money for resolving problems with state institutions. At the same time construction enterprises that participated in tenders on municipal procurement underline many problems in this specific sphere. All these problems can be divided by administrative, economic and problems associated with the existence of corruption and the shadow economy. The most popular answers include corruption, unfair competition and imperfect legislation. On the base of international experience and the results of the survey we develop the list of recommendations for decreasing the level of corruption and tax evasion in construction sector that will support to create favorable environment for business development of the country. |
| Keywords: | corruption,tax evasion,construction,shadow economy,municipal procurements |
| Date: | 2017–12–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01705894&r=cis |
| By: | Цветков В.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Сухарев О.С. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Юрьева А.А. (Институт проблем рынка РАН) |
| Abstract: | В отчете обоснованы национальные приоритеты обеспечения промышленной безопасности в условиях обострения объективных и инициированных рисков и угроз. Сформирована карта внешних и внутренних угроз в области технологий и промышленности, имеющих конкретное качественное и количественное измерение и распространенных на конкретные виды промышленных производств. Выполнен комплексный анализ способов негативного воздействия на научно-техническое и технологическое развитие страны. Предложен ряд мер по укреплению безопасности в научно-технической и технологической сфере. Выявлены и обоснованы факторы, обеспечивающие приоритет научно-технического и технологического развития одного экономического субъекта по сравнению с другим (одной страны, или корпорации перед другой). |
| Keywords: | национальная безопасность, промышленная безопасность, приоритеты развития, внешние вызовы и угрозы, промышленность, научно-технологическое развитие, технологии, экономический рост, конкуренция |
| Date: | 2018–03–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:scn:meirep:r17-0469&r=cis |
| By: | Олександр Туник (KNUTE - Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics) |
| Abstract: | The article considered theoretical, methodological and practical principles of the components of mutual relations of subjects in the tourist destination in accordance with the elements of the smart city. Identified composition relationship of the key elements in the concept of smart tourism at the regional level. Argued are the peculiarities of the system of relations on the example of smart destination. |
| Abstract: | В статье рассмотрены теоретические, методологические и практические основы составляющих взаимоотношений субъектов в туристической дестинации согласно элементов смарт-города. Определены ключевые элементы взаимоотношений в соответствии с концепцией смарт-туризма на региональном уровне. Аргументированы особенности системы взаимоотношений на примере смарт-дестинации. |
| Abstract: | В статті розглянуті теоретичні, методологічні та практичні засади складових взаємовідносин суб’єктів в туристичній дестинації згідно елементів смарт-міста. Визначені ключові елементи взаємовідносин за концепцією смарт-туризму на регіональному рівні. Аргументовано особливості системи взаємовідносин на прикладі смарт-дестинації. |
| Keywords: | smart tourism,smart destination,smart city,relationship,mobile travel application,innovations,мобильное туристическое приложение,взаимоотношения,смарт-туризм,смарт-дестинация,смарт-город,инновации,смарт-дестинація,смарт-місто,взаємовідносини,мобільний туристичний додаток,інновації |
| Date: | 2017–11–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01680488&r=cis |
| By: | Tadas Limba (Mykolas Romeris University); Konstantin Agafonov (Mykolas Romeris University); Linas Paukštė (Cognit consult JSC); Martynas Damkus (Mykolas Romeris University); Tomas Plėta (NATO Energy Security Center of Excellence) |
| Abstract: | The modern world could not be imagined without the information and communications technology. Today's society, its life and social relations are deeply influenced by the virtual space, and that stands as a reason why the world's Information Technology specialists and representatives of various branches of science have been focusing on solving the problems in the sphere of cyber security. Software and technological solutions used in reorganization of the activity of private sector nowadays are widely used in the public sector as well. By using technologies, countries put their effort into involving their citizens into the process of governance and direct participation in various political processes inside the state itself, and one of the most widespread tools to motivate the citizen-to-state political participation and resident's direct interaction in political processes is internet voting. Authors of scientific literature investigate how cybersecurity management is being comprehended and analyzed in technological, legal, management, economical, human resource management and other aspects; how cyber security is analyzed in the context of services provided by institutions of public administration; which means of cyber security management are essential, in order to speed up the processes of establishing e-voting systems. In this article the authors investigate the theoretical aspects of cyber security management in internet voting, analyze the global experience in the sphere of cyber security management implementation with the help of already established e-voting systems, evaluate the properties of cyber security management in the process of implementation of internet voting in Lithuania, as well as present audience with an in-depth analysis of the opinion of the local population, cyber security and voting system specialists, concerning the matters and possibilities of establishing internet voting in Lithuania. The authors also propose a cyber security management model, which could be used in the process of implementation (both preparation and establishment) of the internet voting system in Lithuania. |
| Keywords: | cyber security model,cyber security management,cyber security,e-voting,internet voting |
| Date: | 2017–12–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01706905&r=cis |
| By: | Andrew Phiri (Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela University) |
| Abstract: | Using the recently-introduced quantile autoregression methodology (QAR), this study contributes to the ever-expanding empirical literature by investigating the persistence in inflation for BRICS countries using quarterly time series data collected between 1996 to 2016. Our empirical analysis reveals two crucial findings. Firstly, for all estimated regressions, inflation persistence in the higher percentiles of the QAR regression exhibits unit root tendencies. Secondly, we note that the global financial crisis did alter the levels of inflation persistence at all quantiles for all BRICS countries. Collectively, we advise monetary authorities in BRICS countries to focus on keeping inflation at low and stable rates. |
| Keywords: | BRICS, Emerging economies, Inflation persistence, Quantile regression. |
| JEL: | C21 E31 |
| Date: | 2017–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mnd:wpaper:1702&r=cis |
| By: | George Abuselidze (Faculty of Economics and Business, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University) |
| Abstract: | Objective – The purpose of this paper is to develop the optimal economic and social model for the modern stage and analyze the Social Progress Index in Georgia. The research is based on the paradigm that "what we analyze, this determines the decisions we make". Consequently, emphasis is placed on issues that significantly affect human wellbeing. Methodology/Technique – In this top-down study, the empirical material is collected from official documents and public statements made by centrally placed politicians and administrators in Georgia as well as research conducted by international organizations in Georgia. The research database used is the legislative and normative acts adopted by the government of Georgia in the modern day, in particular: the National Statistics Office of Georgia, the Economic Development and Finance Ministries, the Georgian National Statistics Office, the Parliamentary Finance and Budget Committee and other related departments. Findings – This study shows that the formation of the optimal economic and social organization model of a country is particularly dependent on the selection and implementation of the most appropriate fiscal policy. The philosophy of social security is one of the greatest achievements of modern civilization. The present work is dedicated to the progress of human development – specifically, welfare issues. This provides the model for creating the optimal social security system of a population, with the following social system parameters: distribution of national income to the population and their families and addressing the issues of financing social security needs. Based on the study of the social experiences of social reform and the social indicators of the European Union, the alternate concept of prosperity and perfection is developed. These topics are the focus of the present work. Novelty – The empirical material contained within focuses on the period after 2005, when some important changes in political leadership took place. In 2003, Saakashvili became President of Georgia, Ivanishvili was elected as Prime Minister in 2012 and Kvirikashvili took over this position in 2015. During this time, there was also a shift in government social policy at a central level. The collection of empirical data for this study ends in 2017, giving a total study period of 12 years. |
| Keywords: | Fiscal Policy; Welfare; Social Security; Social Innovation; Household; Employment. |
| JEL: | E24 E62 H31 H55 H61 R2 R51 |
| Date: | 2018–02–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber153&r=cis |
| By: | Aliev, Timur (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Flegontova, Tatiana (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Kuznetsova, A (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Pyzhikov, Nikita (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Ponomareva, Olga (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, authors analyze possible scenarios of activation of the integration agenda of the EAEU, taking into account changes and challenges occurring in the regional architecture of the Asia-Pacific region. In particular, they analyze current activity of the EAEU regarding the formation of regional trade agreements. Authors also give recommendations on the substantive content of future trade agreements. The work contains visions of the concept of "The Great Eurasian partnership" and the ways of its implementation. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031834&r=cis |
| By: | ELIANE ARAÚJO; ANDRE NASSIF; CARMEM FEIJO |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anp:en2016:89&r=cis |
| By: | Когаловский М.Р. (Институт проблем рынка РАН); Ильменская Е.М. |
| Abstract: | В отчете рассматривается существо семантического аннотирования, определяются основные понятия, исследуется общая модель семантической аннотации, обсуждается таксономический подход к представлению семантики аннотаций, приводятся примеры таксономий, которые основаны на различных свойствах аннотаций и которые могут использоваться для этих целей. В качестве примера кратко рассматривается реализация семантического аннотирования в научной информационной системе Соционет. |
| Keywords: | информационный ресурс, аннотация, общая модель аннотации, семантическая аннотация, таксономия, цитирование, электронная библиотека, система Соционет |
| Date: | 2018–03–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:scn:meirep:r17-0467&r=cis |
| By: | Omelyanovsky, Vitaly (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Avxentieva, Maria (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Zheleznyakova, Inna (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Ignatyeva, Victoria (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)); Tyurina, Irina (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| Abstract: | At present ambulatory-policlinic institutions of domestic healthcare system works inefficiently thereby forming excessive workload for higher levels of system. The particular result of inefficient work of primary health care level is the transfer to inpatient services the treatment of some diseases and conditions for which effective health care could be provided by outpatient services. The paper presents estimation of financial losses from unjustified hospital admissions and recommendations for preventing such losses. The recommendations are based on the results of policy of strengthening primary healthcare in foreign countries analysis and the data from experts in domestic health care system survey. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031807&r=cis |
| By: | Hlalefang Khobai (Department of Economics, Nelson Mandela University) |
| Abstract: | This paper serves to investigate the causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in the Brics countries during the period 1990 – 2014. Carbon dioxide emissions and urbanisation were included as additional variables to form a multivariate framework. The Kao panel co-integration and Johansen Fisher panel co-integration techniques are applied to analyse the co-integration relationship between the variables while the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Granger-causality test is used to estimate the causality relationship among the variables. The study’s results reveal that there is a long run relationship between the variables. The research outcome further detected a unidirectional causality flowing from economic growth to electricity consumption in the long run in Brics countries. So in the light of determination of the study, the policy implication is that a significant transformation of low carbon technologies such as renewable energy should be implemented to curb the emissions and sustain economic growth and development. |
| Keywords: | Energy consumption, Economic growth, Causality, BRICS countries |
| JEL: | D04 Q43 Z00 |
| Date: | 2017–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mnd:wpaper:1707&r=cis |
| By: | Knar Khachatryan (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - UCA - Université Côte d'Azur - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UCA - Université Côte d'Azur); Emma Avetisyan (Audencia Business School) |
| Abstract: | The heavy-handed regulation enforced a commercialization process and as a result pushed microfinance institutions towards a commercial logic. This commercial shift, in its turn, diminished the importance of the social component. |
| Date: | 2017–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01695638&r=cis |
| By: | Salvatore Monni (Roma Tre University); Francesco Palumbo (Roma Tre University); Manuela Tvaronavičienė (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University) |
| Abstract: | The article takes place in the research area of the ongoing European project 'Cluster Development Med' (Horizon 2020) regarding the innovation and technology in the sustainable development field. Authors suggest a model, which allows to identify the most successful clusters and make comparisons between and within them. The analysis defines where they perform a positive or negative trend in the area examined. The model embraces three dimensions of cluster activity, so called, "Resources, Activities, Processes". They have been determined on the work of the Lithuanian association "Knowledge Economy Forum" , called "Cluster Analysis". Data for practical evaluation purposes were obtained through two stage process. First, an interview on site with the coordinators of the Lithuanian clusters for data collection was done through a questionnaire survey, developed in collaboration with the Science and Innovation Agency of the Lithuanian Government. Secondly, the data have been aggregated by applying one of multi-criteria methods, specifically, Simple Additive Weighting method. Finally, the multi-criteria analysis results were used to estimate the efficiency of the clusters. The results were compared through suggested benchmarking. Suggested model can be used for evaluation of performance of different clusters. |
| Keywords: | Lithuania,performance measurement,cluster,firm performance,cluster performance |
| Date: | 2017–09–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01724078&r=cis |
| By: | Krauss, Alexander |
| Abstract: | Energy tariff increases are generally essential to address environmental and fiscal concerns but they can also push households into poverty. This paper estimates the expected poverty and distributional effects of a significant natural gas tariff reform in the context of Armenia that increased the country’s residential tariff by about 40%. It is the first paper in the literature on energy tariff reforms to simultaneously try and control for substitution between all major energy sources (not just some), to take into account the seasonality of consumption over the full annual cycle, and to apply different methods to assess changes in household consumption on natural gas and shifts in natural gas between main and supplementary heating sources. Existing papers thus generally overestimate the potential effects of energy price increases on household welfare. The results here – which face, like any statistical study, a set of important methodological constraints – suggest nonetheless that this significant tariff increase led to an estimated 8% of households shifting away from gas, mainly towards wood, as their heating source. It consequently resulted in an estimated 2.8% of households falling below the national poverty line, while likely also influencing non-monetary human welfare that cannot be well captured econometrically. Finally, methodological assumptions and limitations in assessing these relationships, as well as potential policy implications are outlined. |
| Keywords: | Energy price reform; Gas tariff increase; Methodological issues; Methods; Poverty; Armenia |
| JEL: | B4 D12 D60 Q41 Q48 |
| Date: | 2016–11–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:68496&r=cis |