|
on Confederation of Independent States |
| By: | Shkunov, Vladimir |
| Abstract: | The article is devoted to the evolution of the foreign trade relations of Russia during the reign of Mikhail Romanov (1613-1645). The author analyzes the routes of foreign trade, the range of export goods, social composition of the merchants, the changes of foreign trade geography. The special attention is paid to the impact of the Russian Orthodox Church in the development of foreign trade. |
| Keywords: | Russia, foreign trade, export, import, Russian Orthodox Church, Eastern countries, goods. |
| JEL: | N7 N73 |
| Date: | 2016–03–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:77170&r=cis |
| By: | Ayhan, Sinem H. (IZA); Gatskova, Kseniia (Institute for East and Southeast European Studies, Regensburg); Lehmann, Hartmut (University of Bologna) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides evidence on the impacts of non-cognitive skills and attitudes towards risk on the decision to migrate from rural to urban areas. Our analysis is based on a unique four-wave panel of Ukrainian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey for the period between 2003 and 2012. Adopting the Five Factor Model of personality structure, and using it in the evaluation of non-cognitive skills, our results suggest that such personality traits as openness to new experience and the willingness to take risks increase the probability of migration. On the other hand, the non-cognitive skills conscientiousness and extraversion are found to be negatively associated with the propensity to migrate. The effects are statistically and quantitatively significant, and mainly driven by movements from rural areas into cities. Our results are robust to several sensitivity checks, including tests for reverse causality. |
| Keywords: | migration, non-cognitive skills, Big Five, risk attitudes |
| JEL: | J61 D03 D81 R23 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp10982&r=cis |
| By: | Shkunov, Vladimir |
| Abstract: | The author discusses the role of the indigenous peoples of the Far East (Ainu, Oroch, Nivkhi, Evenki, Udege, Negidals, etc.) in the development of trade between Russia and Japan. He identifi es the role of the indigenous population of the Far East as the mediators in Russo-Japanese trade, and argues that they played this role during the period when the trade between two states was not offi cially resolved. He also characterizes the range of goods, channels of their delivery and distribution, and specifi cs of barter exchange. |
| Keywords: | Russian Empire, Japan, indigenous peoples of the Far East, foreign trade, goods, Sakhalin, Hokkaido. |
| JEL: | N75 |
| Date: | 2016–09–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:77173&r=cis |
| By: | Julien Vercueil (Inalco - Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales) |
| Abstract: | La crise de change du 16 décembre 2014 et les combats dans le Donbass au premier trimestre 2015 ont constitué deux déflagrations majeures qui ont plongé l'économie russe dans la récession. Ces chocs se sont combinés aux facteurs structurels de vulnérabilité de l’économie, identifiés depuis longtemps, que sont notamment le niveau insuffisant d’investissement dans l’économie nationale et l’absence d’amélioration de l’environnement institutionnel censé soutenir les activités économiques. Compte tenu de ce qui précède, il reste très difficile de tracer des lignes de sortie de crise pour 2015-2016, notamment parce que l'économie de la Russie reste aujourd'hui encore prisonnière du "moment politique" inauguré en Crimée et prolongé dans le Donbass. Comme nous le verrons, l'avenir immédiat de la trajectoire économique russe dépend principalement de deux facteurs qui lui échappent, soit parce qu'ils ne sont pas économiques, soit parce qu'ils lui sont extérieurs : l'issue du conflit avec l'Ukraine et l'évolution des prix mondiaux du pétrole. |
| Keywords: | Russie,conjoncture économique,politiques économiques |
| Date: | 2015–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01422280&r=cis |
| By: | Jelena Badjanova (Daugavpils University, Latvia Author-2-Name: Dzintra Iliško Author-2-Workplace-Name: Daugavpils University, Latvia Author-3-Name: Vitalijs Rašcevskis Author-3-Workplace-Name: Daugavpils University, Latvia) |
| Abstract: | "Objective – In this research, gender differences of Latvian males and females in the stage of adulthood are determined and distinguished on the grounds of a theoretical analysis of socio-psychological, scientific and methodological literature and legislative documents as well as empirical findings. Methodology/Technique – A survey by Bem (1974) has been adapted in this study for measuring how an adult individual sees him-/herself from the gender perspective. This was done with an aim of determining the place of gender in the cultural context rather than in the personality of a separate individual. 109 women and men from different regions of Latvia aged 20 to 64 took part in the study. The data were processed with the 23.0 version of SPSS, the data processing program. Findings – The obtained results indicate that the gender patterns on male and female behavior are similar. No differences in male or female behaviour were established. The behavioral peculiarities of male and female gender are determined not by age, but by sex. It can also be concluded that research of Latvian male and female gender behavior led to Bem’s androgyny theory, which argues for the ability of men and women to execute both – male and female behavioral patterns in ontogenesis. Novelty – The understanding of gender as a discursive construction caused a confusion between these notions. This study contributes in literature of gender psychology with its original data. " |
| Keywords: | Identity; Gender; Stage of Adulthood; Gender Differences, Latvian Males, Latvian Females. |
| JEL: | J16 J21 |
| Date: | 2017–07–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr148&r=cis |
| By: | Julien Vercueil (Inalco - Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales) |
| Abstract: | In this communication, we contend that the structure of the Eurasian Economic Union and the institutional characteristics of its member countries, entails strong limitations to the regional economic integration. These limitations lead us to doubt that the integration momentum, can go much further in the future. |
| Abstract: | La thèse de cette communication est que la structure de l’UEE et les caractéristiques institutionnelles des pays qui la composent induisent des limites fortes à l’intégration économique régionale. Ces limites laissent à penser que le mouvement d’intégration ne peut plus progresser beaucoup au-delà de son niveau actuel. |
| Keywords: | Union Economique Eurasiatique,intégration économique régionale |
| Date: | 2015–10–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01422282&r=cis |
| By: | Тетяна Ткаченко (KNUTE - Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics); Олександр Туник (KNUTE - Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics) |
| Abstract: | Туризм є одним із пріоритетних напрямів розвитку економіки та культури країни та мегаполісів світу. В умовах децентралізації державного управління в Україні розвиток туризму повинен стати одним із стратегічних завдань подальшої стабілізації та соціально-економічного зростання країни, окремих територіально-адміністративних одиниць (АТО), дестинацій. Прогресивною та безальтернативною площиною вирішення цих завдань повинні стати інноваційні технології та інфраструктурні рішення. |
| Keywords: | smart tourism,tourism,smart city,Destination,innovation,туризм,смарт місто,смарт-дестинація,смарт-туризм,дестинація,інновації,технології |
| Date: | 2015–11–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01584786&r=cis |
| By: | Julien Vercueil (Inalco - Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales) |
| Abstract: | Les trajectoires économiques sont le fruit d'interactions entre les politiques publiques et les stratégies privées. En règle générale, les premières tiennent compte de leur influence sur les secondes, et réciproquement. Quelquefois en revanche, le politique devient hégémonique. Le système social et le système économique sont sommés de s'adapter, au moins pour un temps, aux politiques menées. Nous qualifierons ce type de période de "moment politique". Depuis mars 2014, la Russie est entrée dans un "moment politique". Les décisions d'annexer la Crimée, puis de soutenir les séparatistes du Donbass ont constitué des ruptures politiques majeures pour le pays. Les pertes économiques subies par la grande majorité de la population russe ne peuvent pas être compensées par l'amélioration de la situation de quelques acteurs bien placés. Pourtant, le système économique et social s'est jusqu'ici accommodé de cette nouvelle donne. C'est précisément cet accommodement qui signe le "moment politique" vécu actuellement en Russie. L'analyse que nous proposons dans cet article tient en trois temps : dans un premier temps, nous résumerons les canaux par lesquels la nouvelle donne géopolitique a affecté l'économie. Nous dresserons ensuite ses perspectives d'évolution, en supposant que rien ne vienne bouleverser le contexte actuel. Enfin, nous analyserons les chances de sortie du "moment politique" à moyen terme. |
| Keywords: | Russie,moment politique,conjoncture économique,relations Russie-Union Européenne |
| Date: | 2015–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01422246&r=cis |
| By: | Julien Vercueil (Inalco - Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales) |
| Abstract: | Plusieurs signes semblent montrer que les entreprises russes, en l’absence de nouveau choc interne ou externe, sont en train d’achever leur ajustement à la crise, dans un environnement moins inflationniste. Cependant, les conditions d’une reprise économique sont encore loin d’être réunies. La situation actuelle est donc indécise et quelque peu paradoxale : les ménages continuent de subir la baisse de leurs revenus, l’État reste soumis à une forte pression budgétaire, les conditions d’accès aux financements extérieurs sont toujours restreintes, mais les entreprises aperçoivent le bout du tunnel, tout en n’investissant pas pour autant. De la manière dont ces paradoxes seront résolus dépendra la vitesse de sortie de la récession actuelle, qui devrait durer jusqu’en fin d’année. |
| Keywords: | conjoncture , Russie , 3ème trimestre 2016 |
| Date: | 2017–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01552469&r=cis |
| By: | Julien Vercueil (Inalco - Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales) |
| Abstract: | Ce chapitre examine la question du ralentissement actuel de la chute du PIB en Russie. Il s'agit de déterminer si celui-ci est annonciateur d’un véritable retournement de conjoncture. Il propose unne analyse des conditions d’une amélioration à moyen terme de la trajectoire économique de la Russie. Pour aborder ces questions, il passe en revue les principaux facteurs de la croissance que sont la demande globale et l’appareil productif et examine les marges de manoeuvre dont dispose la politique conjoncturelle |
| Keywords: | Russie,conjoncture économique |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01422291&r=cis |
| By: | Julien Vercueil (Inalco - Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales) |
| Abstract: | En 2015, la Russie a connu une année de récession économique. Le mois de novembre est le onzième de baisse consécutive du PIB. Le rythme de chute du PIB devrait atteindre environ -4 % pour l’ensemble de l’année. |
| Keywords: | Russie,conjoncture économique |
| Date: | 2016–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01422283&r=cis |
| By: | Subramaniam, Viswanatha |
| Abstract: | Human generation try to fit into a 4 dimensional survival concepts comprising the Environment, Geography, Economic and Social dimensions, over centuries and their pedigree too progressed under these guidelines. Because of the divergent level of survival targets in the economic and social strata by each human being, wealth accumulation flows unequally among the people. Industrial revolution mechanised the human work, with cost reduction and quality/volume optimization and planted Capitalism in the world, creating a wedge in the wealth accumulation process. This inducted a class war between the owners of wealth versus the workers, who are hired and fired by them. Competition made the capitalist to realise the importance of labour and diluted their concept as “Socialism”. The disproportionate wealth accumulation among people seeded the concept of communism in the world. Communism originated by Marx in Germany, spread to Russia and was promoted by Lenin. Both assumed that the large volume of people in the world belong to the low wealth possessing worker class, will revolt towards equal wealth share, and Communism shall dominate the whole world soon. But both Marx and Lenin were “Social revolutionists” and lacked “futuristic management thoughts” on how the shared wealth will be recycled to grow more, and result in prosperity among the equally shared population ? With this limited thought, the USSR (1922) and the East Germany (GDR-1961) and were created, with the entire wealth of the nation pooled on the apex “State”, representing the entire population. The state became a monopoly and all the people were simple labourers, without any self possessions. The state utilised the labour like a commodity, without any motivation to use their original ideas and any incentive to improve the productive contribution spirit. As a result, the GDR collapsed in 1989 and the USSR dwindled in 1991, bringing an end to the 69 year old Communist concept. Also both started promoting the diametrically opposite Capitalist approach and established cooperation with the (imperialist) USA. Communism could have survived and continued as a guide for wealth and prosperity for all the nations and their people in the world, if the domestic population was considered as “superior” to the “state”. The national wealth owned by the “State” should have been invested in sectorial projects and entrusted to optimum group of people to work, manage and encouraged to meet a targeted quality volume. State should have met all needs of these groups of people. A reasonable share of the net gains should have been distributed in equal proportion to all the people involved, as an incentive. Below targets and loss should have been questioned and corrective action should have been taken. In addition, the productivity and management decision should have been oriented towards ‘socio-economic Development units”. The domestic investment should be made from domestic savings and domestic technology should be manned by the domestic labour. |
| Keywords: | basic needs, capitalism, central bank, communism, darwin, domestic, economic, engels, financial, fittest, groups, individual, investment, lenin, management, manpower, marx, pareto, people, productivity, rate of return, revolution, savings, sectors, social, socialism, state, surplus, survival, technology, wealth |
| JEL: | A13 A14 B41 D63 D78 E2 E22 E24 H11 O11 P12 |
| Date: | 2017–09–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:81500&r=cis |