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on Confederation of Independent States |
| By: | Maleva, Tatiana Mikhailovna (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Kirillova, M. K. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Mkrtchyan, Nikita (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Florinskaya, Yulia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Lyashok, V. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration) |
| Abstract: | Decrease in number and aging of the working population of Russia is changing the scope and structure of labor supply. The functioning of the economy in this new environment increases the uncertainty, the study updates the structural characteristics of supply and demand, allowing participants to assess the behavior of the labor market. As part of this work is considered an internal reallocation of labor (internal migration), the characteristics of external labor migration, study personnel capacities and improve the performance of the economy as an example of regional labor markets. The empirical basis for the analysis of regional labor markets is a comprehensive study that brings together representatives of management survey of enterprises and population in the age of economic activity between the two regions of the Russian Federation, the most complete reprezentirujushchih studied processes. The data allow to analyze the organizational and technical changes in recent years at the enterprises of the real sector, and their performance, installation, and management's assessment of companies, issues of staffing. Integration with survey data population of the regions makes it possible to analyze the current and potential imbalances in the labor market. |
| Keywords: | labor market, regions, Russia |
| Date: | 2015–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:mak15n7&r=cis |
| By: | Sergey V. Smirnov (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Nikolai V. Kondrashov (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Anna V. Petronevich (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper establishes a reference chronology for the Russian economic cycle from the early 1980s to mid-2015. To detect peaks and troughs, we tested nine monthly indices as reference series, three methods of seasonal adjustments (X-12-ARIMA, TRAMO/SEATS, and CAMPLET), and four methods for dating cyclical turning points (local min/max, Bry-Boschan, Harding-Pagan, and Markov-Switching model). As these more or less formal methods led to different estimates, any sensible choice was possible only on the grounds of informal considerations. The final set of turning points looks plausible and separates expansions and contractions in an explicable manner, but further discussions are needed to establish a consensus between experts |
| Keywords: | Economic Cycle, Turning Points, Recession, Russia |
| JEL: | E32 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:122/ec/2016&r=cis |
| By: | Gulnara I. Abdrakhmanova (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Galina G. Kovaleva (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Natalia V. Bulchenko (Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation) |
| Abstract: | Structural changes influenced by ICT are having an impact on production processes and the release of products in the information and communication technology (ICT) sphere and content (on the level of individual enterprises) and are resulting in the pursuit of new approaches to socio-economic development, to increase the competitiveness of the country and to participate in the international division of labour. In order to identify development priorities and prospects in the information industry we therefore need a clear understanding of what the information industry is, what its boundaries are, what forms of economic activity make up this economic segment, and which products form the corresponding market. This working paper summarizes the results of a study to ‘measure’ the information industry as a segment of the economy producing goods and services linked to ICT and content. Methodological approaches are proposed to establish the ‘Information industry’ definitions based on the Russian Classification of Economic Activities (OKVED) and the Russian Classification of Products by Economic Activities (OKPD) in line with international standards and recommendations by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Key indicators of the development of the information industry are also tentatively calculated for Russia and compared with countries abroad. The content of this paper is based on research results commissioned by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation and the outcome of evaluations and testing at a round table on the subject ‘IT industry: problems of classification and application’ round table (2014) and a session of the statistics section of the Central House of Scientists at the Russian Academy of Sciences on the subject of ‘Developing the “Information industry” and “IT industry” definitions based on the OKVED2 and OKPD2’ (http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/rosstat/sec/tez-abdr.doc). The paper was also supported by the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) and the subsidy granted to the HSE by the Government of the Russian Federation for the implementation of the Global Competitiveness Program. |
| Keywords: | Content and Media sector, ICT sector, information and communication technology (ICT), information industry |
| JEL: | C1 C5 C83 L63 L81 L82 L86 L96 M2 O14 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:56sti2016&r=cis |
| By: | Uzun, Vasily Yakimovich (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Shagaida, Natalia (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy) |
| Abstract: | We have systematized prerequisites of agrarian reform in Russia; generalized the theory and practice of its implementation, a comparative analysis of Stolypin's agrarian reforms and Yeltsin; assessed the positive and negative impacts of reform; formulated lessons reforms, new challenges faced in the area of restructuring of agriculture in adapting to changing market and political conditions. In the 25 years since the start of the agricultural reform russian agriculture has advanced along the path of adaptation to market conditions, it formed a new agrarian structure; provided mobility reallocation of resources between farmers; increased productivity, efficiency of use of other resources in agriculture in general. At the same time, there were new challenges: the concentration of land ownership in the hands of a few, a sharp reduction in the number of people employed in agriculture and an increase in unemployment, the redistribution of production in the country and the uneven development of rural areas, loss of the farmland from the market, a large part of imports Food in the structure of food resources, increased competition, manufacturers in the framework of the Common Economic Space, increased differentiation of rural incomes and food consumption as a whole, the unevenness of state support to agriculture areas, etc. These challenges require adequate changes in agricultural policy, the main directions of which are discussed in the present work. |
| Date: | 2015–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:mak15n6&r=cis |
| By: | Sergei Guriev (Département d'économie); Elena Vakulenko (Higher School of Economics (HSE)) |
| Abstract: | We study barriers to labor mobility using panel data on gross region-to-region migration flows in Russia in 1996–2010. Using both parametric and semiparametric methods and controlling for region-to-region pairwise fixed effects, we find a non-monotonic relationship between income and migration. In richer regions, higher incomes result in lower migration outflows. However, in the poorest regions, an increase in incomes results in higher emigration. This is consistent with the presence of geographical poverty traps: potential migrants want to leave the poor regions but cannot afford to move. We also show that economic growth and financial development have allowed most Russian regions to grow out of poverty traps bringing down interregional differentials of wages, incomes and unemployment rates. |
| Keywords: | Labor mobility; Poverty traps; Liquidity constraints |
| JEL: | J61 R23 |
| Date: | 2015–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/29rpk7q0oq98a9ckfivpgfdvo0&r=cis |
| By: | Nikulin, Alexander Michailovich (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Trotsuk, Irina Vladimirovna (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Kopoteva, Inna (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration) |
| Abstract: | Currently, large and Nonchernozem northern European Russia and the Russian Far East and Siberia (though, like most foreign circumpolar countries) are originally desert or zapustevayuschie space in terms of rural development. On the other hand, a variety of natural, technological and demographic-migratory factors such as global warming, new technologies and social innovation, demographic change, migration can create unexpected new prospects for rural development in the northern and Russian and foreign non-black areas. The paper summarized the Russian and foreign (Scandinavian countries, Finland, USA, Canada) experience of rural development at regional and local levels, are considered public, business and non-profit programs and projects for rural development, allowing some to formulate forecasts and proposals for rural development in the northern the Russian Federation, taking into account international experience. |
| Keywords: | Northern European Russia, Russian Far East, Siberia, rural development |
| Date: | 2015–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:mak15n5&r=cis |
| By: | Michael Rochlitz (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | What role can collective action by foreign investors play in an environment characterized by incomplete institutions? We study this question by looking on foreign business associations in the Russian Federation. By interviewing 17 foreign business associations and conducting an online survey of their member firms, we find that business associations play an important welfare-enhancing role in providing a series of support and informational services. However, they do not play a significant role in lobbying the collective interests of their member firms, especially in the current political context in Russia where since the start of the Ukraine crisis the business community seems to have suffered a general loss of influence on political decision making |
| Keywords: | collective action; business associations; lobbying |
| JEL: | D71 D72 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:32/ps/2016&r=cis |
| By: | Simone Tagliapietra; Georg Zachmann |
| Abstract: | Highlights The security of the European Union’s gas supplies is crucial to ensuring that supplies to households are not disrupted in freezing winters, that industry can flourish and that the EU cannot be blackmailed in vital foreign policy questions. Gas supply security should be addressed at EU level because a joint solution would be cheaper, national approaches could undermine the internal energy market and have adverse effects on other countries, and the EU Treaty explicitly calls for energy solidarity. The current focus on supply diversification and reduction of dependence on imported gas is expensive and does not constitute a systemic response. Instead of doing everything to reduce gas supplies from key suppliers, gas supply security could more effectively be safeguarded by ensuring that unused alternatives are maintained so that they can be tapped into for an indefinite period in case of supply disruption from a key supplier. This Policy Contribution outlines a market approach that could safeguard gas supply security at very low cost. The European Union would benefit from a new approach to ensure the security of its gas supply, not least because gas imports are likely to increase. The EU’s existing gas infrastructure is sufficient to buffer a major supply shock. Therefore, instead of focusing on expensive policies to stimulate supply diversification and to reduce of dependence on imports, the aim should be to find a way to maintain an adequate level of flexibility and make it available when needed. This could be done by creating an EU market for a gas security margin, which could be an asset for the EU in the context of the unpredictable nature of gas supplies, with countries today perceived as secure being potentially affected by supply interruptions in the future, and the need to overcome the current EU patchwork of fragmented national and technology-specific supply-security measures. The market for a gas security margin would be designed to have the lowest possible cost by relying on the cheapest flexibility options available, and by shielding the internal gas market from ad-hoc intervention. The distributive effects and the political feasibility of such approach would have to be taken into account. The EU gas market - current trends and future scenarios In the midst of the 2014 Ukraine crisis, concerns about a potential politically motivated disruption of all EU gas supplies from Russia, and especially those that pass through Ukraine, triggered a discussion on creating an Energy Union to counter this threat (Zachmann, 2014). These discussions lifted energy issues to the top of the agenda of the European Commission under its president Jean-Claude Juncker (European Commission, 2014). The high priority given to gas supplies arose because - (1) gas represents about one quarter of the EU energy mix; (2) about one third of this gas is imported from Russia; and (3) in contrast to oil or coal, it is not possible to bring large amounts of gas to where it is needed if the corresponding infrastructure is not in place (Figure 1). Figure 1 - The EU gas market - current trends Source - Bruegel on the basis of BP (2015). Note - Demand/supply difference is a result of re-exports of LNG, stock changes (eg medium-term storage, regasification terminals) and transportation losses. This implies the EU is vulnerable to a few external suppliers that might, at any moment, cut their supplies for technical or geopolitical reasons. On this point a caveat is necessary - while the EU security of gas supply debate is often exclusively concentrated on Russia and on the related fears about its geopolitical use of gas, the issue is in reality much wider because it potentially encompasses gas supplies from all suppliers, which might be interrupted for either technical or geopolitical reasons. For instance, a traditionally secure supplier as Norway might need to reduce its gas exports in the future simply because of depleting resources, or Algeria, another traditionally secure supplier, might cut its supplies in case of unpredictable regional political turbulence. Security of gas supply is therefore an issue that concerns all EU member states. The EU’s vulnerability to gas import disruptions is set to remain because, even assuming a stagnant outlook for EU gas demand, import requirements will likely grow because of rapidly declining domestic production. In the Netherlands, gas production dropped from 70 billion cubic metres (bcm) in 2010 to 56 bcm in 2014. This declining trend is set to accelerate after the production cap imposed in 2015 on Europe's largest gas field – Groningen – because of more powerful and more frequent earthquakes resulting from the extraction activities. The United Kingdom’s gas production volume declined from 57 bcm in 2010 to 37 bcm in 2014, mainly because of the rapid depletion of resources in the North Sea. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA, 2015), the EU’s import requirements will increase in all scenarios. |
| Date: | 2016–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bre:polcon:11867&r=cis |
| By: | Guschin, Evgeniy (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russian Foreign Trade Academy); Istomin, R. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Ptashkina, M. G. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Taganov, B. V. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration) |
| Abstract: | The study investigates the effects of liberalization of foreign trade of the Russian Federation in the process and as a result of accession to the WTO, the conclusion of preferential trade agreements, including free trade agreements with the countries of the CIS Customs Union with Kazakhstan and Belarus. Particular attention is paid to assessing the objectives of the Russian trade and integration policies, progress. The paper structured main implications of WTO accession and the establishment of the Customs Union of Russia's foreign trade, mutual trade between Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus, outlined key directions of deepening and expanding economic integration in the post-Soviet space. |
| Keywords: | WTO, GDP, Russia, liberalisation of trade |
| Date: | 2015–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:mak15n1&r=cis |
| By: | Yuri M. Zhukov` |
| Abstract: | Using new micro-level data on violence in Eastern Ukraine, this paper evaluates the relative merits of ?identity-based? and ?economic? explanations of civil conflict. The first view expects rebellion to be most likely in areas home to the geographic concentration of ethnolinguistic minorities. The second expects more rebel activity where the opportunity costs of insurrection are low. Evidence from the armed conflict in Ukraine supports the second view more than the first. A municipality?s prewar employment mix is a more robust predictor of rebel activity than local ethnolinguistic composition. Municipalities more exposed to trade shocks with Russia experienced a higher intensity of rebel violence throughout the conflict. Such localities also fell under rebel control earlier�? and took longer for the government to liberate�? than municipalities where the labor force was less dependent on exports to Russia. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qsh:wpaper:365561&r=cis |
| By: | Kofanov, D. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Mikhailova, T. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration); Shurygin, A. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we study the geographic concentration of industries in the Soviet Union. The distribution of economic activity in the geographical space of Russia - largely the result of long years of development of the Soviet system. Understand how and why different economic geography of Russia from the countries that have developed in a market economy, it is necessary to develop the right policy measures today. We look forward index of geographic concentration Dyurantona-Overman for manufacturing industries in the USSR in 1989 at the level of 2, 3 and 4-digit code, SIC. We then analyze the degree of geographical concentration of different industries and a comparative analysis with other countries. In general, the industrial sector in Russia / USSR weakly concentrated geographically. However, we conclude that the concentration of weak partly due to the geography of the country: the large distances between the centers of population and geographic dispersion of economic activity. However, the most significant difference from the late Soviet Union countries with a market economy - a weak concentration of high-tech industries, it is those who get the greatest benefit from the positive externalities of concentration. |
| Keywords: | industries, Soviet Union, geography |
| Date: | 2015–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:mak15n3&r=cis |
| By: | Sergei Guriev (Département d'économie) |
| Abstract: | In this paper Sergei Guriev focuses on the postcrisis slowdown, which mushroomed into the current crisis. The goal is to explain the origins of the slowdown, understand its political implications, and analyze its interaction with the 2014 crisis in Crimea and eastern Ukraine. |
| Keywords: | Russian economic cirsis; Russian economic performance; Political implications of the russian stagnation |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/1vp83va54p9ja90dlpvct6i4mi&r=cis |
| By: | Nataliya S. Karpova (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the current changes in the world gas market where Russia has a wide spectrum of economic interests, international projects, as well as problems to be solved in the context with decline in demand and prices for natural gas and other energy commodities, growing contradictions and rivalry among the leading market players, political pressure and the introduction of market restrictions (sanctions). The country needs a new paradigm of development, pre-empting the future and reacting in the moment |
| Keywords: | world gas markets, key players, demand for energy, price volatility, the Russian gas strategy and projects, challenges of sanctions, strategies for the future. |
| JEL: | Z |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:25/ir/2015&r=cis |
| By: | Yuri M. Zhukov; Toft, Monica Duffy |
| Abstract: | This article offers the first disaggregated, quantitative comparison of Islamist and nationalist violence, using new data from Russia?s North Caucasus. We find that violence by Islamist groups is less sensitive to government coercion than violence by nationalist groups. Selective counterinsurgency tactics outperform indiscriminate force in suppressing attacks by nationalists, but not Islamists. We attribute this finding to rebels? support structure. Because Islamist insurgents rely less on local support than nationalists, they are able to maintain operations even where it is relatively costly for the local population to support them. These findings have potentially significant implications for other contemporary conflicts, in which governments face both types of challenges to their authority and existing political order. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qsh:wpaper:221546&r=cis |
| By: | Balandina, G. V. (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration) |
| Abstract: | The object of study in this paper are the trade policy measures and other measures affecting foreign trade in goods made by the Customs Union within the EurAsEC and its individual members in order to protect the domestic market. The subject of the study is normative and other legal acts (including international agreements and other acts of the Customs Union within the Eurasian Economic Community, as well as international agreements which will come into force on 1 January 2015 in connection with the signing of the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union of 29 May 2014) establishing measures of state regulation of foreign trade in goods, including measures to protect the domestic market, state, regional and other programs of development of separate territories and sectors of the economy, reports of international organizations, the scientific assessment of measures to protect the domestic market in the specialized literature, data export and foreign trade statistics. |
| Keywords: | trade policy measures, Customs Union, EurAsEs |
| Date: | 2015–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:mak15n2&r=cis |
| By: | Makhkamov Bakhtiyor Shukhratovich |
| Abstract: | In article the role and value of information and communication technologies in Uzbekistan, as engine of all economy, investments promoting attraction to the country, to creation of new workplaces, introduction of progressive technologies in production and management, that is finally – to the stable economic growth and increase of a standard of living are researched. Questions of formation and development of National information system which main objectives is development of telecommunication technologies, networks and infrastructure of communication, creation of information systems of automation of activity of government bodies and the centralized databases in the republic are also considered. Key words: information and communication technologies (ICT), legislative base of ICT, National information system |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vor:issues:2015-12-12&r=cis |
| By: | Djuric, Ivan; Götz, Linde; Glauben, Thomas |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats15:229240&r=cis |
| By: | Hamidov, Ahmad; Helming, Katharina; Balla, Dagmar |
| Abstract: | Agriculture is the backbone of Central Asia’s (CA) economy providing economic and social stability in the region. Sustainable use of agricultural land is therefore of critical importance to economic growth, human well-being and social equity, and ecosystem services. However, severe land degradation through salinization, erosion and desertification is evident and respective impacts on human health and ecosystem services are suspected. This paper aims to analyze current research on agricultural land use in CA through applying the Land Use Functions framework. In particular, it examines the type and relative shares of environmental, economic and social aspects of agricultural land use addressed in existing scientific literature. This study analyzed scientific publications dealing with agricultural land use in five CA countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. A systematic database search of international peer-reviewed articles was conducted using the ISI Web of Science. We selected the English-language articles that were published between 2008 and 2013. After the analysis of paper titles, abstracts and keywords, we found 362 articles relevant to agricultural land use in CA. The analysis indicated that publications concentrating on environmental and economic dimensions of land use functions were primary focus of land use scientists. By contrast, social aspects of land use functions, such as employment, human health and recreational services, and landscape aesthetics received far less importance by international scholars. Interestingly, large portion of articles focused on issues of agricultural land use in Uzbekistan. This is due to the fact that the country extensively benefited from large international research projects in the last decade. By applying the Land Use Functions framework, we identified international research focus and knowledge gaps that future scientists can contribute to the sustainability of agricultural land use in CA. |
| Keywords: | Land use functions, sustainable development, research gaps, agriculture, Central Asia, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Development, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2014–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iamc14:212555&r=cis |
| By: | Батырканов, Мырзабек |
| Abstract: | Исследуется производства сельскохозяйственной продукции, продуктов питания и их потребление на душу население в рамках продовольственной безопасности в Республике. |
| Keywords: | Продовольственная безопасность, ВВП - внутренняя валовая продукция, Частная собственности на землю, Прочности и стабильности кормовой базы, Коэффициент самообеспеченности, Food security, GDP - gross domestic product, private ownership of land, the strength and stability of food supply, self-sufficiency ratio, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Security and Poverty, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2014–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iamc14:212573&r=cis |
| By: | Ostapchuk, Igor; Balmann, Alfons; Curtiss, Jarmila |
| Keywords: | total factor productivity (TFP), technical efficiency, profit, costs, agriculture, agroholdings, independent enterprises, Agribusiness, Production Economics, Productivity Analysis, |
| Date: | 2015–09–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaml15:212745&r=cis |
| By: | Golikova Victoria (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Kuznetsov Boris (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The aim of the research is to conduct an empirical investigation and reveal what types of globalization and innovation strategies in turbulent and unfavorable regional institutional environment are most likely to be associated with different trajectories of Russian manufacturing firms’ performance in 2007-2012. We employ the results of empirical survey of 1000 medium and large enterprises in manufacturing (2009) linked to financial data from Amadeus database and the data on the regional institutional environment. We test that (1) introduction of innovations before the crisis ceteris paribus helped the firms to successfully pass the crisis and recover. We expect that (2) companies that became globalized before the crisis (via importing of intermediate and capital goods; exporting; FDI; establishment of partner linkages with foreign firms) ceteris paribus are more likely to successfully pass the crisis and grow. And (3) propose the positive effect of synergy of innovation efforts and globalization strategy of the firm. We expect that the abovementioned factors are complimentary and reinforce the ability of the firm to recover after crisis shock. We found strong support for the hypothesis that firms financing introduction of new products before the crisis and simultaneously managed to promote and sell them on the global market were rewarded by quick return to the growing path after global crisis. Other strategies, i.e. solely innovations without exporting play insignificant role while exporting without attempts to introduce new products contribute even negatively to post-crisis recover. Institutional environment also matters: in the regions with less level of corruption firms were more likely to grow after the crisis |
| Keywords: | firm performance; globalization; innovation; manufacturing firms; strategy |
| JEL: | Z |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:123/ec/2016&r=cis |
| By: | Abdullaev, Iskandar |
| Abstract: | Current water governance systems in Central Asian countries are shaped by recent water sector reforms and are past dependent. Since collapse of soviet system, countries of the region are implementing water policies, in line with their national development strategies. Moreover, agricultural reforms, socio-political changes have result new situation in rural areas which are having strong influence on everyday water management. The water management became a playground for different interest groups at all hierarchical levels. In this research, author has been applying institutional analysis, comparative study approach to understand system of water governance in different Central Asian countries. Author tried to link impact of the changes at local, national and regional levels on regional cooperation. |
| Keywords: | water governance, water management, Central Asia, institutional analysis, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Environmental Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Development, Land Economics/Use, Political Economy, Public Economics, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2014–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iamc14:212552&r=cis |
| By: | Nigora, Talipova |
| Abstract: | After independence, Central Asian countries embarked on the path of radical socio-economic and political transformation. Growing economic openness of countries contributes towards joining the world community. Each of them in its own way has built a strategy of reforming the economy and solve the problems of the former administrative system. Today, Central Asian countries differ significantly in population, territory, natural resources, level of socio-economic development, political orientation. They are characterized by different degrees of readiness to cooperate and integrate with the rest of the world. The growing economic openness of the country contributes to refocus its entry into the world community. In the article on example of Uzbekistan discussed issues of foreign trade liberalization and mechanisms to reduce trade barriers, as factors for integration of countries in the region. |
| Keywords: | integration, trade barriers, liberalization, import, export, Agricultural and Food Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Development, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2014–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iamc14:212561&r=cis |
| By: | Ostapchuk, Anatoliy; Kostyuk, Olga |
| Keywords: | soybean, production development, gross harvest, sowing areas, yield, forecast, Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–09–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaml15:212882&r=cis |
| By: | Bashtannyk, Taras |
| Abstract: | Economic efficiency of industrial raspberry is one of the highest among all berries crops. On the next year after planting grower could expect to pick up and sell first harvest. However, if planting "long cane" type plants, then the first harvest can be obtained 60 days after planting, which makes a quick investment return. One of the quickest in berries sector. It is important to understand that high results and prospects of commercial raspberry growing are available only for industrial professional growers, who can provide quality planting material, install drip irrigation, undergo European certification, mechanization of all production processes, ensure high quality storage products etc. |
| Keywords: | raspberries, economic and operational indicators, production, yields, supply chains, Agribusiness, Farm Management, |
| Date: | 2015–09–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iaml15:212171&r=cis |