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on Confederation of Independent States |
| By: | Vassily Uzun; Valery Saraikin; Ekaterina Gataulina; Natalia Shagayda; Renata Yanbykh; Sergio Gomez y Paloma (European Commission – JRC - IPTS); Sébastien Mary (European Commission – JRC - IPTS) |
| Abstract: | As the recent situation on world food markets has been increasingly volatile and has been associated with relatively higher food prices, contributing to demonstrations and riots across the world, Russia's agriculture has attracted much attention from economists, experts and policy-makers because they believe that the country could become the world's largest and most reliable grain producer and exporter. In that context, the aim of this report is to evaluate the role of the Russian Federation towards fulfilling domestic food security and more importantly global food security in the short and medium run. In particular, the study aims at examining if Russian farms could substantially increase further their respective output and export levels. The methodology followed in this report is a bottom-up approach, i.e. going from the farm (i.e. microeconomic level) to the food market (i.e. macroeconomic level), that explicitly considers the analysis of food security at the farm level and therefore complements well other works which study the agri-food sector in Russia at a more aggregated level. The perspective of the report is made possible by the use of a wide range of farm-level databases that are, for most, only available to Russian researchers and allow going into a more disaggregated and detailed level of analysis. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable agriculture, Russia, food security, grain supply, rural development, European Development Cooperation. |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc85162&r=cis |
| By: | Petrick, Martin |
| Abstract: | How to revitalise the agricultural sector under the commitments of membership in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has emerged as a major policy challenge for the Russian government. According to the current State Programme for the Development of Agriculture, a key support channel is via concessional credits to the livestock sector, which was singled out as the largest recipient of interest subsidies in 2013 - 2020. Currently, these payments are not considered green box compatible under WTO commitments, whereas similar measures within the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) are. While the Russian government may face little difficulty in dressing up its investment subsidies to make them look like green box compatible, the CAP is regarded here as a poor guide for policy reform. The available evidence shows that structural policy elements of the CAP were inefficient in reaching any of the manifold goals they were hoped to achieve. Drawing on the example of East Germany, it is argued that reforms of the institutional environment of agriculture are at least as important for successful agricultural modernisation as the generous availability of funding. -- |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iamopb:18&r=cis |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Banks and Banking Reform Finance and Financial Sector Development - Currencies and Exchange Rates Economic Theory and Research Private Sector Development - Emerging Markets Finance and Financial Sector Development - Debt Markets Macroeconomics and Economic Growth |
| Date: | 2013–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16691&r=cis |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Finance and Financial Sector Development - Microfinance Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Regional Economic Development Private Sector Development - E-Business Corruption and Anticorruption Law Law and Development Public Sector Development |
| Date: | 2013–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16566&r=cis |
| By: | Amit Mukherjee; Ljudmilla Poznanskaya; Anjum Rosha; Olga Schwartz |
| Keywords: | Social Development - Social Accountability Legal Institutions of the Market Economy Private Sector Development - E-Business Gender - Gender and Law Law and Development - Legal Products Public Sector Development |
| Date: | 2013–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17016&r=cis |
| By: | Kateryna Bornukova (Belarusian Economic Research and Outreach Center (BEROC)); Dzmitry Kruk (Belarusian Economic Research and Outreach Center (BEROC)); Gleb Shymanovich; Yuri Tserlukevich (Department of Finance, Arizona State University) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores international experience of tax amnesties. Despite the popular use of tax amnesties, the results are mixed. The main advantage of the tax amnesty is the possibility to increase tax collections and improve tax compliance. However, it does not account for adverse effect of amnesties on tax compliance and high direct and indirect costs of amnesties. The success of the tax amnesty depends largely on the state of the economy. We have identified target groups and discussed a question of a potential tax amnesty in Belarus. |
| Keywords: | Tax Amnesty, Tax Evasion, Belarus, Eastern Europe, Tax Policy and Reforms |
| JEL: | H26 |
| Date: | 2014–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bel:ppaper:21&r=cis |
| By: | Dzmitry Kruk (Belarusian Economic Research and Outreach Center (BEROC)) |
| Abstract: | This study deals with Belarusian macroeconomic dynamics in 2013. The problem of poor growth potential remains important in 2013. Nevertheless, the progress in structural reforms was scarce, as the government was too optimistic in respect to inertia growth mechanisms. Hence, 2013 is likely to be summarized as year when the government attempted to ÔreloadÕ the existing model of the national economy. The outcomes of this attempt can hardly be treated as satisfactory ones. Price competitiveness of domestic produces shrank substantially given active expansion of consumer demand supported by the government. However, other demand components were not stimulated so actively given lowering effectiveness of correspondent economic policy tools. For instance, contradictions in monetary policy objectives and low effectiveness of its tools became rather evident in 2013, which has formed a kind of monetary policy trap. Finally, Belarus in 2013 entered a phase of cyclical recession, which might become a long-lasting one. Moreover, a broad range of distortions has been accumulated during the year, which highlights the vitality of macroeconomic adjustment. |
| Keywords: | Belarus, economic growth, macroeconomic policy, monetary policy, structural reforms |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bel:ppaper:19&r=cis |
| By: | Rafael Guerreiro Osorio (International Poverty Centre); Pedro Lara de Arruda (IPC-IG) |
| Abstract: | "Come and Hope with me!" Com essas palavras, o Sul-Africano Mongane Serote chamou a atenção do mundo para a batalha travada por seu povo contra o Apartheid. E com esse mesmo espírito, os leitores são convidados a explorar a edição especial da Política em Foco. Esta edição é dedicada à análise do uso de programas sociais na promoção de empregos para os jovens nos países dos BRICS (Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul). À luz do Fórum Acadêmico dos BRICS de 2014, quando a África do Sul transferirá oficialmente suas responsabilidades de país anfitrião para o Brasil, busca-se entender como os países dos BRICS têm usado sua extensa experiência com políticas e programas sociais para ir além da mitigação de crises e realizar as ambições dos jovens |
| Keywords: | Juventude, Emprego, BRICS |
| Date: | 2014–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipc:ifport:28&r=cis |