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on Confederation of Independent States |
| By: | Simachev, Yuri; Kuzyk, Mikhail; Feygina, Vera |
| Abstract: | The study is focused on the cooperation of Russian companies with research organizations in implementing R&D projects during technological innovation. Taking into account behavioral changes, authors carry out a micro-level analysis based on empirical data of executive survey of over 600 Russian industrial firms (2011—2012) and about 350 research organizations and universities (2012). The authors emphasize the key factors of firms’ demand for outsourcing R&D reveal the main barriers to the development of university-industry cooperation and their particularities for different cooperation actors. The analysis shows that there is a positive relation between the size of a company and R&D outsourcing. As for the factor of age, the highest cooperation activity of Russian firms is observed among enterprises founded over 20 years ago. As far as concernes cooperation activity of research organizations, large ones are significantly more likely to cooperate with business. A common prerequisite for research organizations' R&D cooperation with business is sufficient academic ranking. Business and science evaluate differently various obstacles to effective cooperation. For firms, the main problems are the inflated costs of national R&Ds, insufficient research organizations’ orientation at company needs, and low quality of developments. As for representatives of research organizations, they mention as barriers primarily the lack of companies' receptivity to innovation and inadequate information about promising developments. Businesses are more optimistic about cooperation with science if they already have a relevant experience of interaction. In the case of research organizations we observe a different pattern: most problems seem more significant to organizations conducting R&D in business interests. |
| Keywords: | innovations; university-industry cooperation; barriers to research and development; firm behavior |
| JEL: | L20 O31 O32 |
| Date: | 2014–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:57503&r=cis |
| By: | Siniak, Nikolai; Saltykou, Kiryl |
| Abstract: | Belarus has preserved its third position in Registering Property in the World Bank’s Doing Business 2014 report. Constant improvement of property registration procedures has allowed Belarus to achieve that. The Registering Property indicator takes into account three factors: the number of procedures required to transfer rights to property, the time spent on completing all the necessary procedures and the cost of procedures. From â€?The Earth Summit“ in Brazil 1992 sustainable development recognized by almost all societies as one of the major global goals. In a broad sense it’s incorporates economic, social and environmental concerns in decision making for development which thereby should meet the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Till nowadays sustainable development continued to be a driving force in land administration, which is about processes of determining, recording, and disseminating information about the ownership, value, and use of land, when implementing land management policies. UN-FIG Bathurst Declaration, 1999 established a strong link between land administration and sustainable development, outlines its significance in poverty reduction, social, environmental and economic development. The article provides basic innovative approaches on land administration in the Republic of Belarus, discusses main sustainability issues and challenges to resolve in a forthcoming period to meet the international trends in cadastral reform. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:eres2014_214&r=cis |
| By: | Grover, Richard; Grover, Christine |
| Abstract: | Purpose - The article examines to what extent there are still transition factors influencing the property markets in the former Communist countries. When transition began over 20 years ago, there were clear differences from market economies as a direct consequence of their history in terms of institutions, property rights, approaches to markets, business organisation, laws, and physical forms of built environment. The article examines the extent of convergence with market economies and whether transition economies can still be regarded as a distinct group in terms of their property markets.Design/methodology/approach - The article takes a wide range of data, including that from the World Bank, World Economic Forum, Bertelsmann, Jones Lang LaSalle, UNDP, European Mortgage Federation, and Transparency International, and compares transition economies with non-transition economies of similar level of development to see if there remain distinct 'transition' differences.Findings - The initial findings indicate convergence under the influence of the EU, World Bank and FAO but also differences from market economies in areas such as property market transparency, strength of property rights and land governance.Research limitations/implications - There is a need for better quality data on transition countries' property markets. Practical implications - The differences suggest that transition economies continue to require specific policies for the development of their property markets.Originality/value - Whilst there have been studies of 'transition' factors generally in economies, there have not been ones that look specifically at property markets. |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:eres2013_93&r=cis |
| By: | Kaklauskas, Arturas; Siniak, Nikolai |
| Abstract: | Integrated analysis and rational decision-making is needed to mitigate the effects of recession in the construction and real estate sector. Crisis management involves numerous aspects that should be considered in addition to making economic, political and legal/regulatory decisions. This should include social, cultural, ethical, psychological, educational, environmental, provisional, technological, technical, organizational and managerial aspects. This article presents a model for such consideration and examines its composite parts. It provides an analysis of the existing situations in Lithuania, Belarus and the EU in general, and considers their similarities and differences in crisis management. The research involved six stages: (1) comparative description of crisis management for construction and real estate in developed countries and in Lithuania, (2) comparison and contrast of crisis management for construction and real estate in developed countries, and in Lithuania and Belarus, (3) general recommendations to improve crisis management efficiency of construction and real estate in Lithuania and Belarus, (4) specific recommendations for Lithuania and Belarus, (5) multiple criteria analysis of crisis management components and selection of the most efficient life cycle version of crisis management in construction and real estate, and (6) transformational learning and redesign of mental and practical behaviour. Finally, some specific examples from Lithuania and Belarus are detailed in order to demonstrate the application of this research. |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:eres2013_352&r=cis |
| By: | Kolbre, Ene; Aus, Veronika; Kahre, Kristian |
| Abstract: | Housing market dynamics similarly to economic environment are cyclical, which inevitably leads to highs and lows in housing market prices. The purpose of this study was to find out in which market cycle phase Estonian housing market currently is in; which factors drive Estonian housing market price movements. Analysis in this study is based on housing markets’ demand and supply models, ratio analysis and regression analysis. As Estonian housing market is relevantly young capital market starting from the beginning of 1990s, it is also a reason why only studying historic data in Estonia is not enough to receive anticipated information about the housing market’s determinants. This study also collates other European counties’ housing market cycle phases with Estonian.The results of this study brought out a long line upward trend from the beginning of the 1990s until 2007 in Estonian housing market, which was driven by economic development, consumer’s expectations and easily accessible credit. Increasing housing prices made it possible for households to borrow more using housing wealth as collateral. In Estonian housing market and also in other countries, the financial sector has most of the times directly or indirectly been the main force behind the housing booms and crises. Added features here have also been poor monetary policy and government policies which encourage affording homeownership. In year 2007 real estate bubble in Estonia burst and from that time until 2010 a rapid decrease in prices followed. The situation in housing market stabilized at the end of 2010, moved into slow growth in 2011 and into fast growth phase in 2012. This study shows that compared to previous housing bubble, the situation has improved and there is not a housing boom currently in Estonian housing market. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:eres2014_83&r=cis |