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on Confederation of Independent States |
| By: | Dohmen, Thomas (ROA, Maastricht University); Lehmann, Hartmut (University of Bologna); Zaiceva, Anzelika (IZA) |
| Abstract: | Using unique personnel data from one Russian firm for the years 1997 to 2002 we study the size, development and determinants of the gender earnings gap in an internal labor market during late transition. The gap is sizable but declines strongly over the entire period. Gender earnings differentials are largest for production workers who constitute the largest employee group in the firm. Various decompositions show that these differentials and their dynamics remain largely unexplained by observable characteristics at the mean and across the wage distribution. Our analysis also reveals that the earnings differentials for production workers largely stem from job assignment, as women are predominately assigned to lower paid jobs. Earnings gaps within job levels are small and almost fully explained by observed characteristics. |
| Keywords: | gender earnings gap, personnel data, internal labor market, Russia |
| JEL: | J16 M52 P23 |
| Date: | 2008–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp3428&r=cis |
| By: | Olenev, Nicholas; Petrov, Alexander; Shatrov, Anatoly |
| Abstract: | A normative balance mathematical model for regional economy contains a lot of unspecified parameters which are not defined directly by the data of economic statistics. Only confidence intervals for the unknown parameters can be computed from the statistical data. A method for estimation of the model parameters by application of parallel computations on multi-processors systems are presented here. They determine the unknown parameters of economic model by indirect way, comparing time series for macro indexes calculated by model with statistical time series for these indexes. The use of the method is illustrated by the parameter estimation of a macroeconomic model of Kirov Region of Russia for 2000-2006. Production sectors in the regional economic model are presented by three sectors: (X) the timber industry complex including forestry; (Y) a complex of new innovation industries in biotechnology and the chemistry, including science and education; (Z) combination of the remained industries. The each production sector shadow money stock grows due to sale of shadow final product to households and as intermediate product to other sectors. The simulation model of regional economy enables to receive a quantitative estimation of dynamics of macroindexes for regional economy. Calibrated model is used for estimation of the Regional Government economic politics and for research of bio-technology sector impact on Kirov Region economy. The model constructed here is an innovative product and the experience received on its parameter estimation is those "know-how" which can be used in the adaptation of the given model for concrete regional economic systems. The work is in part supported by the Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation (Grant 06-02-91821); by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (Grant 08-01-00377); by the Program of State Support of Leading Scientific Schools (Grant SS- 2982.2008.1); and by the Program of Basic Research no.15 of Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences. |
| Keywords: | Динамическая балансовая модель; региональная экономика; влияние сектора биотехнологий |
| JEL: | O18 C02 C01 |
| Date: | 2008–03–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:8015&r=cis |
| By: | Kari E.O. Alho |
| Abstract: | ABSTRACT : Russia prices its energy commodities domestically much lower than the prices prevailing in the international market. Using a general equilibrium framework, we analyse reasons for why Russia should or should not use such a price regulation. First, being a major exporter of energy commodities and having considerable monopolistic market power, the country is able to use its supply in order to influence the international energy prices. A rational way to channel this rent to the domestic non-energy sector and to domestic consumers is through a lower, i.e., competitive, domestic price on energy than that in the world market. Second, we introduce the classic infant-industry argument with positive intertemporal spillovers through learning-by-doing linked to current production. These spill-overs are likely to be relevant for manufacturing in a transition economy, which argument creates a further reason for a deviation in the pricing of energy to domestic industrial producers from the world market prices. However, an empirical consideration of these results and the estimation of the learning-by-doing curve suggest that the first effect can in principle be sizeable, while the second is only marginal and that, overall, Russia is currently subsidising its domestic energy prices clearly too much. Further, we conclude that the country should not subsidise its domestic consumers more than its domestic industry, as it does in reality. We also derive the optimal domestic energy tax and show that it is modest in comparison to its current rate. The optimal pricing policy could therefore have a marked positive effect on the international supply of energy by Russia. |
| Keywords: | energy, Russia, international and domestic prices |
| Date: | 2008–03–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rif:dpaper:1128&r=cis |