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on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Rania Oulahiane (UM5 - Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal]); Kaoutar El Menzhi (UM5 - Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal]) |
| Abstract: | This article presents an in-depth comparative analysis of international hospital performance evaluation systems, with a particular focus on the Moroccan context. Based on an extensive narrative literature review drawing from a wide range of academic and institutional sources, it identifies key practices, tools, and indicators implemented in reference countries such as France, Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom. These systems aim to monitor quality of care, hospital efficiency, and patient satisfaction through diverse regulatory and institutional mechanisms, while reflecting each country's specific healthcare priorities. The study highlights the diversity of governance models and the influence of historical, political, and cultural factors in shaping national strategies. Special attention is given to evaluation frameworks, measurement indicators (mortality rates, average length of stay, patient satisfaction, resource utilization), and accountability mechanisms. The Moroccan case is examined in light of these international experiences, with the aim of identifying improvement opportunities and strategic levers to strengthen the national hospital performance evaluation system. The analysis emphasizes the importance of harmonizing practices and establishing a coherent methodological framework adapted to the local context, in order to support the efficiency and quality of healthcare services. Drawing on international best practices, the article proposes actionable recommendations to enhance institutional governance, invest in human capital, and adopt advanced digital tools for data collection and analysis. By promoting an inclusive and context-sensitive approach, the study seeks to balance global efficiency standards with local realities and contribute to the creation of a structured, transparent, and sustainable national framework for evaluating hospital performance. |
| Abstract: | Cet article présente une analyse comparative approfondie des systèmes internationaux d'évaluation des performances hospitalières, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur le contexte marocain. S'appuyant sur une analyse narrative approfondie de la littérature provenant d'un large éventail de sources universitaires et institutionnelles, il identifie les principales pratiques, outils et indicateurs mis en œuvre dans des pays de référence tels que la France, l'Allemagne, les États-Unis et le Royaume-Uni. Ces systèmes visent à contrôler la qualité des soins, l'efficacité des hôpitaux et la satisfaction des patients à travers divers mécanismes réglementaires et institutionnels, tout en reflétant les priorités spécifiques de chaque pays en matière de santé. L'étude met en évidence la diversité des modèles de gouvernance et l'influence des facteurs historiques, politiques et culturels dans l'élaboration des stratégies nationales. Une attention particulière est accordée aux cadres d'évaluation, aux indicateurs de mesure (taux de mortalité, durée moyenne de séjour, satisfaction des patients, utilisation des ressources) et aux mécanismes de responsabilisation. Le cas marocain est examiné à la lumière de ces expériences internationales, dans le but d'identifier les possibilités d'amélioration et les leviers stratégiques pour renforcer le système national d'évaluation des performances hospitalières. L'analyse souligne l'importance d'harmoniser les pratiques et d'établir un cadre méthodologique cohérent adapté au contexte local, afin de soutenir l'efficacité et la qualité des services de santé. S'appuyant sur les meilleures pratiques internationales, l'article propose des recommandations concrètes pour améliorer la gouvernance institutionnelle, investir dans le capital humain et adopter des outils numériques avancés pour la collecte et l'analyse des données. En promouvant une approche inclusive et adaptée au contexte, l'étude vise à trouver un équilibre entre les normes d'efficacité mondiales et les réalités locales, et à contribuer à la création d'un cadre national structuré, transparent et durable pour l'évaluation des performances des hôpitaux. |
| Keywords: | Hospital performance, Evaluation, international benchmarking, Quality of care, Moroccan health system |
| Date: | 2025–09–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05252439 |
| By: | Mehmet Erman Erol; Cagatay Edgucan Sahin |
| Abstract: | This article analyses the trajectories of organised labour in times of neoliberalism in Turkey and Egypt and their current condition under securitised neoliberal-developmentalist regimes post-2013. Neoliberal experience in these countries was marked by continuing authoritarianism, challenging the view that economic liberalisation would lead to political democratisation. One of the most important areas of neoliberal restructuring has been labour markets. In order to achieve this, struggles over organised labour were of vital importance. Dismantling the power of dissident labour unions through coercive measures and containing other sections of organised labour through authoritarian corporatist relations has been crucial in these cases. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.25152 |
| By: | Abdellah Moussaoui (UH2C - Université Hassan II de Casablanca = University of Hassan II Casablanca = جامعة الحسن الثاني (ar)); Batali Ibtissam; Hafsa Lemsieh; Esskali Khalid |
| Abstract: | This study examines the hidden costs of digitalization in Moroccan SMEs, focusing on continuous training, cybersecurity, technological obsolescence, and change management. Using a quantitative survey of 53 SMEs and multiple regression analysis, it assesses the impact of these costs on profitability and business sustainability. Findings indicate that training and cybersecurity expenses significantly reduce profitability, while technological obsolescence and poor change management exacerbate operational inefficiencies. Neglecting these factors may hinder growth and limit digital scalability. Despite the sample size limitations, the study underscores the need for strategic cost management. SMEs are advised to adopt forward-looking budgeting to enhance resilience in an increasingly digital market. Future research could expand the scope of other regions and industries. |
| Abstract: | Cette étude examine les coûts cachés de la digitalisation dans les PME marocaines, en se concentrant sur la formation continue, la cybersécurité, l'obsolescence technologique et la conduite du changement. Au moyen d'une étude quantitative menée auprès de 53 PME et d'une analyse de régression multiple, elle évalue l'impact de ces coûts sur la rentabilité et la durabilité opérationnelles. Les résultats indiquent que les dépenses de formation et de cybersécurité réduisent significativement la rentabilité, tandis que l'obsolescence technologique et une gestion déficiente du changement exacerbent les inefficacités opérationnelles. La négligence de ces facteurs pourrait freiner la croissance et limiter la scalabilité digitale. Malgré les limitations liées à la taille de l'échantillon, l'étude souligne la nécessité d'une gestion stratégique des coûts. Il est recommandé aux PME d'adopter une budgétisation prospective pour renforcer leur résilience dans un marché toujours plus digialisé. Les recherches futures pourraient élargir le champ d'analyse à d'autres régions et secteurs. |
| Keywords: | Digitalization, Hidden costs, SMEs, Leadership, Sustainable Management, Coûts cachés, PME, Gestion Durable |
| Date: | 2025–06–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05143192 |
| By: | Mahdi Goldani |
| Abstract: | Innovation is becoming ever more pivotal to national development strategies but measuring and comparing innovation performance across nations is still a methodological challenges. This research devises a new time-series similarity method that integrates Seasonal-Trend decomposition (STL) with Fast Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) to examine Irans innovation trends by comparison with its regional peers. Owing to data availability constraints of Global Innovation Index data , research and development spending as a proportion of GDP is used as a proxy with its limitations clearly noted. Based on World Bank indicators and an Autoencoder based imputation technique for missing values, the research compares cross-country similarities and determines theme domains best aligned with Irans innovation path. Findings indicate that poverty and health metrics manifest the strongest statistical similarity with R and D spending in Iran, while Saudi Arabia, Oman, and Kuwait show the most similar cross country proximity. Implications are that Iranian innovation is more intrinsically connected with social development dynamics rather than conventional economic or infrastructure drivers, with region-specific implications for STI policy. |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2510.10323 |
| By: | Mitja Kovac; Rok Spruk |
| Abstract: | This paper provides the first causal evidence on the long-run economic dividends of Arab-Israeli peace treaties. Using synthetic control and difference-in-synthetic control estimators, we analyze 1978 Camp David Accords and 1994 peace treaty between Jordan and Israel. Both cases reveal large and lasting gains. By 2011, real GDP of Egypt exceeded its synthetic counterfactual by 64 percent, and per capita income by 82 percent. Jordanian trajectory shows similarly permanent improvements, with real GDP higher by 75 percent and per capita income by more than 20 percent. The mechanisms differ: in Egypt, gains stem from a sharp fiscal reallocation together with higher foreign direct investment and improved institutional credibility, while Jordan benefited primarily through enhanced trade and financial inflows. Robustness and placebo tests confirm the uniqueness of these effects. The results demonstrate that peace agreements yield large, durable, and heterogeneous growth dividends. |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2510.14517 |
| By: | Wissal Doua (Faculté des Sciences Juridiques Economiques et Sociales - Souissi, Rabat); Mohammed Khariss (Faculté des Sciences Juridiques Economiques et Sociales - Souissi, Rabat) |
| Abstract: | In a context characterized by the scarcity of public resources and the need to modernize infrastructure, PublicPrivate Partnerships have emerged as a strategic alternative that reconciles economic efficiency with the public interest. This study presents a theoretical and empirical literature review on PPPs in the infrastructure sector, drawing on key conceptual foundations as well as a set of case analyses at both international and Moroccan levels. It highlights, on the one hand, the contributions of PPPs in terms of financing, management, and infrastructure project performance, and on the other hand, the challenges related to contractual governance, risk allocation, and access inequalities. Through diverse examples, the study emphasizes that the success of PPPs largely depends on the quality of the institutional, legal, and organizational framework in which they are implemented. It thus offers a critical and structured perspective on the role PPPs can play in the sustainable development of infrastructure, with a particular focus on Morocco's experience. |
| Abstract: | Dans un contexte marqué par la rareté des ressources publiques et la nécessité de moderniser les infrastructures, les partenariats public-privé apparaissent comme une alternative stratégique permettant de concilier efficacité économique et intérêt général. Cette étude propose une revue de littérature intégrative (théorique et empirique) sur les PPP appliqués au secteur des infrastructures, en mobilisant les principaux fondements conceptuels ainsi qu'un corpus d'analyses de cas à l'échelle internationale et marocaine. Elle met en évidence, d'une part, les apports des PPP en termes de financement, de gestion et de performance des projets d'infrastructure, et d'autre part, les défis liés à la gouvernance contractuelle, à la répartition des risques et aux inégalités d'accès. À travers des exemples variés, notre revue de littérature souligne que la réussite des PPP dépend largement de la qualité du cadre institutionnel, juridique et organisationnel dans lequel ils s'inscrivent. Elle offre ainsi une lecture critique et structurée du rôle que peuvent jouer les PPP dans le développement durable des infrastructures, avec un focus particulier sur l'expérience du Maroc. |
| Keywords: | Investment, Infrastructure, PPP, Development, Développement, Investissement |
| Date: | 2025–08–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05248764 |
| By: | Rêve Dagher (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Nicolas Faysse (Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Leila Temri (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Myriam Kessari (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Faten Khamassi (Laboratoire GREEN_TEAM - INAT - Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie) |
| Abstract: | Crop diversity is promoted for its environmental benefits. However, few analyses have been conducted on whether crop diversity can reduce farm economic vulnerability to multiple production stresses. Deglet Noor is the most frequently grown variety of date in Kebili Region, Tunisia. Other date varieties, termed "common date varieties", were formerly considered to be less profitable and hence marginalised. Date production in this region is facing constraints linked to climate change, decreasing water availability and rising labour costs. The study compares the economic benefits of producing Deglet Noor dates and common date varieties at farm level, when faced with different production stresses. A survey was made of 123 farmers producing dates in Kebili Region. In the absence of stress, Deglet Noor is the most profitable variety, but its profitability is particularly vulnerable to different stresses. By contrast, the profitability of common date varieties is much less sensitive to these stresses. Stress-free environments become increasingly rare in Tunisian oases. Hence, re-directing interest towards common date varieties could help build less vulnerable oasis farming systems. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, Crop diversification, Dates, Tunisia, Underutilised crops, Profitability, Economic vulnerability |
| Date: | 2025–10–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05303130 |
| By: | Tan Ke Wen, Carmen |
| Abstract: | This study is an analysis that attempts to investigate the determinants of operation efficiency throughout the context of National Industrialization Co. Analysing the impact of internal, external, and combined variables of National Industrialization Co. are the aim of this research project. The annual reports from 2013 to 2023 are examined as part of the research. The raw data for this investigation were analysed using a multiple linear regression model. Throughout this study, a results indicate that the four of all internal and external variables have a significant effect on the company's operation efficiency, which are Return on Equity (ROE), Cash Ratio (Cash), and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Additionally, the study provides valuable insights into the company's risk management practices, offering recommendations to enhance risk mitigation strategies, thereby ensuring the company's long-term financial stability and regulatory compliance. |
| Keywords: | National Industrialization Co, . risk determinants, regression analysis, internal factors, macroeconomics |
| JEL: | G32 L65 |
| Date: | 2025–01–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123238 |
| By: | Mohammed, Abdelradi; Zabel, Florian; Delzeit, Ruth |
| Abstract: | A key challenge in modeling water scarcity in computable general equilibrium (CGE) models is getting the substitution elasticity between water and the other inputs right. This paper develops a novel method to derive the values of the substitution elasticity between water and land by implementing a one-way bottom-up linking from a crop model into a CGE model. Using biophysical relationships from a crop model, we calibrate the shape of the production function of agricultural activities in the CGE model. Furthermore, crop water requirement coefficients are imposed as biophysical constraints on the substitution in crop production. To demonstrate the advantages of this approach, we apply it to an irrigation water tax shock using SAM data for Egypt 2019 and compare the impacts under these derived elasticities with the elasticities of the GTAP-WATER model. The results show that our approach is similar to that of GTAP in the short run. However, in the long run, we find that the impact of the policy on agriculture is larger under the novel approach than under the GTAP elasticities. This method could be applied to other cases using region-specific crop model parameters to study water policy, water use efficiency, agricultural production, and rural development. |
| Keywords: | Linking, irrigation, crop water requirement, CGE model, water economics, elasticity |
| JEL: | Q25 C68 Q18 Q12 Q15 |
| Date: | 2025–05–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bsl:wpaper:2025/04 |