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on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Khouna Nissrine (Hassan II University, ENCG, Casablanca, Morocco.); Adnan El Bouazzaouy (Hassan II University, ENCG, Casablanca, Morocco.); Mostapha Amri (Hassan II University, ENCG, Casablanca, Morocco.) |
| Abstract: | In a context where reliability and traceability are key to health safety, the distribution of pharmaceutical products requires highly digitized logistics systems. This paper analyzes the contributions of ICT to the performance of the distribution supply chain in Morocco, based on a single case study conducted within a company in the Greater Casablanca region, a major player in the sector. The qualitative methodology is based on semi-structured interviews with nine managers from different departments (logistics, information systems, quality, transport, planning, and general management), supplemented by field observations and documentary analysis. The data was processed using NVivo-assisted thematic analysis, ensuring rigorous structuring. The results reveal significant gains: enhanced real-time traceability thanks to barcodes, QR codes, and IoT sensors; optimized inventory management through the integration of WMS/ERP systems, reducing shortages and overstocking; improved route planning and delivery punctuality via TMS and geolocation; consolidated risk management through automatic alerts and integrated monitoring. The originality of the study lies in its empirical perspective on the Moroccan context, where digitalization is becoming a strategic lever for performance and logistical resilience. The managerial implications highlight the need to invest simultaneously in digital infrastructure and human skills development. The limitations (single case, qualitative |
| Abstract: | Dans un contexte où la fiabilité et la traçabilité conditionnent la sécurité sanitaire, la distribution des produits pharmaceutiques requiert des dispositifs logistiques fortement digitalisés. Ce papier analyse les apports des NTIC à la performance de la chaîne logistique de distribution au Maroc, à partir d'une étude de cas unique menée au sein d'une entreprise de la région du Grand Casablanca, acteur majeur du secteur. La méthodologie qualitative repose sur des entretiens semi-directifs auprès de neuf responsables appartenant à différents départements (logistique, systèmes d'information, qualité, transport, planification, et direction générale), complétés par des observations de terrain et une analyse documentaire. Les données ont été traitées via une analyse thématique assistée par NVivo, garantissant une structuration rigoureuse. Les résultats révèlent des gains significatifs : traçabilité en temps réel renforcée grâce aux codes-barres, QR codes et capteurs IoT ; gestion des stocks optimisée par l'intégration de systèmes WMS/ERP, réduisant ruptures et surstocks ; planification des itinéraires et ponctualité des livraisons améliorées via TMS et géolocalisation ; gestion des risques consolidée grâce aux alertes automatiques et à la surveillance intégrée. L'originalité de l'étude réside dans la mise en perspective empirique du contexte marocain, où la digitalisation devient un levier stratégique de performance et de résilience logistique. Les implications managériales soulignent la nécessité d'investir simultanément dans les infrastructures numériques et le développement des compétences humaines. Les limites (cas unique, approche qualitative) ouvrent la voie à des études comparatives multi-cas et à une évaluation quantitative de la performance. |
| Keywords: | Morocco, NTIC, Distribution des produits pharmaceutiques, Chaîne logistique |
| Date: | 2025–10–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05326726 |
| By: | Abdeslam Baalla (USMBA - Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah); Tarik Jellouli (USMBA - Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah) |
| Abstract: | This article examines the conditions for the success of Territorial Healthcare Groups (GSTs) in Morocco, an innovative initiative aimed at decentralizing and integrating healthcare services. Drawing on public management, governance theories, and the Triple Aim framework, the study explores the levers for effective territorial governance. The methodology combines a literature review, a comparative analysis of healthcare reforms in Canada, Spain, and France, and an examination of Moroccan legislative texts (BO 7151, 7213) and institutional reports (WHO, HCP). The findings highlight key success factors: territorialization based on population needs, effective local autonomy, management tools such as dashboards and contractual agreements, and strengthened managerial capacities, despite challenges posed by historical centralization and regional disparities. The article advocates for agile, multi-level governance that promotes coordination, accountability, and experimentation. Further empirical research, particularly on the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima pilot, is essential to assess the GSTs' impact on equity and healthcare service performance. |
| Abstract: | RésumeCet article analyse les conditions de réussite des Groupements Sanitaires Territoriaux (GST) au Maroc, une innovation visant à décentraliser et intégrer les services de santé. S'appuyant sur le management public, les théories de la gouvernance et le cadre du Triple Aim, l'étude explore les leviers d'une gouvernance territoriale performante. La méthodologie repose sur une revue de littérature, une analyse comparative des réformes au Canada, en Espagne et en France, ainsi que sur l'examen des textes législatifs marocains (BO 7151, 7213) et des rapports institutionnels (OMS, HCP). Les résultats identifient comme facteurs clés : une territorialisation basée sur les besoins populationnels, une autonomie locale effective, des outils de pilotage (tableaux de bord, contractualisation) et un renforcement des capacités managériales, malgré des défis liés à la centralisation et aux disparités régionales. L'article préconise une gouvernance multi-niveaux agile, favorisant coordination, responsabilisation et expérimentation. |
| Keywords: | Groupements Sanitaires Territoriaux, Pilotage stratégique, Management public Territorial governance, Health reform, Territorial Health Groups, Strategic steering, Public management, Réforme de la santé, Gouvernance territoriale, Gouvernance territoriale Réforme de la santé Groupements Sanitaires Territoriaux Pilotage stratégique Management public Territorial governance Health reform Territorial Health Groups Strategic steering Public management |
| Date: | 2025–08–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05321733 |
| By: | Houdret, Annabelle; Ftouhi, Hind; Bossenbroek, Lisa; Belghazi, Amal |
| Abstract: | In many arid and semi-arid regions, rural women are at the heart of water-related dynamics - and therefore greatly affected by its scarcity. This scarcity affects their daily lives, farming activities, economic initiatives and solidarity networks, which are directly dependent on the availability of this resource. These women are often more vulnerable to climate change because of the difficulties they sometimes experience in accessing public services, land, water and institutions. At the same time, they play a central role in the rural development of the oases, in particular through their know-how, initiatives and ability to adapt. This policy brief analyses the experiences of women in the oases of south-eastern Morocco. It shows that water stress acts as a multidimensional factor which redefines women's domestic tasks, agricultural practices, economic opportunities and forms of sociability, as well as their contribution to development. It highlights three major challenges facing women in vulnerable rural areas: (a) limited access to resources (land, credit, infrastructure and education); (b) training that is often ill-suited to rural realities and their needs; and (c) social norms that restrict their participation in decision-making bodies and spaces. The heterogeneity of the women encountered and of their needs underlines the necessity for targeted and diverse approaches. The example of Moroccan oases also shows the importance of considering water in all its dimensions: domestic, agricultural, economic and institutional. This would provide a better understanding of both women's vulnerabilities and their contributions to sustainable development. The lessons learnt from the Moroccan oases provide a benchmark for other arid countries, highlighting four action areas for Moroccan institutions and development policies: 1. Produce and disseminate gendered data • Collect information disaggregated by gender, age, socio-economic status and other factors. • Map women's vulnerabilities, resources and skills. • Ensure better circulation of these data between the field and decision-makers to provide appropriate support. 2. Support women's access to public services, land and credit • Promote access to health and education services according to specific needs, as well as access to credit and land. 3. Support women's initiatives • Support collective and individual initiatives through appropriate training, access to finance, and product development and marketing. 4. Support changes in social norms and institutional representation • Integrate the cultural and social dimensions into development policies and programmes. • Promote changes in the social representations of women's roles and abilities. • Promote the diversity of women's initiatives and facilitate the participation of women in governance institutions, including water governance, through training and awareness-raising. |
| Keywords: | climate change, gender, Morocco, water resources, rural development, cooperatives, oases, water scarcity, Middle East North Africa |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:idospb:333606 |
| By: | Leiter, Timo; Dookie, Denyse; Chan, Tiffanie; Gannon, Kate; Wang, Jodi Ann |
| Abstract: | This submission responds to a call for views on the dialogues under the United Arab Emirates (UAE) Just Transition Work Programme (JTWP). Specifically, it refers to the message by the Chairs of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI) that the topic of the third dialogue which will be held on 22–23 May 2025 is: “Approaches to enhancing adaptation and climate resilience in the context of just transitions.” This submission aims to inform the dialogue and subsequent work on this topic under the JTWP. The submission draws on work produced across the Grantham Research Institute, including the adaptation and resilience team, the Climate Change Laws of the World project, and the Just Transition Finance Lab. |
| Keywords: | adaptation; climate resilience; climate risks; equity; financing a just transition; gender; just transition; NAP; social protection; UAE JTWP; United Arab Emirates |
| JEL: | N0 |
| Date: | 2025–08–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:130521 |
| By: | Aydın, Yaşar |
| Abstract: | Turkey is not only an important market for German automobiles - it also exports a significant volume of automobiles and components to Germany. Through their integration into German supply chains, Turkish suppliers are making a significant contribution to the international competitiveness of the German automotive industry. However, the Turkish automotive industry is facing complex economic, technological, and geopolitical challenges, including trade barriers, intensification of international competition, and macroeconomic imbalances. These challenges are now becoming more relevant for the German automotive industry as well as the country's security policy, as they pose security and geopolitical risks and could weaken ties between the countries. Turkish car manufacturers and government representatives are responding to these challenges with a strategic repositioning towards digitalisation and electrification, which is creating new opportunities for cooperation with Germany. |
| Keywords: | Turkish automotive industry, international competitiveness, trade barriers, digitalisation, electrification, Germany, cooperation" |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:swpcom:333591 |
| By: | Saha, Koustuv; Saha, Kajari; Yadav, Shraddha |
| Keywords: | Labor and Human Capital, International Development |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea24:344072 |
| By: | Ragui Assaad; Sarah Wahby |
| Abstract: | We analyse the decline in social insurance coverage in Egypt from 2007 to 2023 to determine the extent to which it was due to compositional shifts in the structure of the economy and workforce, or to changes in coverage for specific types of jobs and workers. We conclude that only a fraction of the decline in coverage can be attributed to structural changes in the economy. The largest decline in coverage occurred in the period from 2014 to 2017 and was concentrated among male new entrants with no formal education in private sector services working in micro and small enterprises. |
| Keywords: | Insurance, Structural change, Labour market, Informality, Decomposition, Egypt |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp-2025-98 |
| By: | Houdret, Annabelle; Furness, Mark |
| Abstract: | Time for a Strategic Partnership: The Potential for Deepening German-Moroccan CooperationGermany and Morocco have a long-standing history of development cooperation, which is now evolving amid a rapidly changing regional and international context. This partnership benefits both countries, and there is significant potential for it to deepen. Morocco has emerged as a key actor in North and West Africa, strengthening its economic, military and geopolitical influence. It benefits from German expertise, investment and strategic support. Germany, as a middle power in Europe, relies on Morocco's cooperation to advance its economic, technological and diplomatic interests in Africa and the Mediterranean. Global dynamics are reshaping the nature of German-Moroccan cooperation. Traditional development cooperation models, in which Western countries provide aid to countries in the "Global South", are becoming less relevant. Increasingly, cooperation is taking the form of transactional relationships aimed at realising mutual economic, commercial and political gains. This pragmatic approach nevertheless needs to remain embedded in cooperation norms that emphasise human rights, social inclusion and environmental sustainability. These principles underpin mutual long-term benefits for the societies of both countries. Germany needs to position itself as a partner that defines its interests clearly, combining strategic and economic collaboration with support for inclusive and sustainable development. Where trade-offs exist, these must be identified, addressed, or, if necessary, lead to Germany refraining from cooperation in certain areas. Morocco, despite important progress in poverty reduction over the past two decades, continues to face significant socio-economic disparities, and inequalities are rising in the context of climate change, limited access to health and education, and opaque governance. International partners can support Morocco in addressing these issues. German Chancellor Friedrich Merz has articulated a foreign policy that pursues interests and upholds values via strong partnerships with key countries. Development cooperation is a core component of these relationships, both for addressing sustainable development needs and for opening doors for other relationships, in a comprehensive cooperation policy format. Moroccan government officials, researchers and civil society actors interviewed for this paper stressed that this is exactly the kind of relationship that their country is looking to build. Looking ahead, four key strategic thematic areas are likely to define cooperation over the next decade: 1. geostrategic interests - particularly the status of Western Sahara and African relations; 2. infrastructure and investment - focusing on public and private sector investment in infrastructure, connectivity and energy; 3. migration, labour markets and training - emphasising legal migration, vocational training, and meeting both countries' labour market needs; and 4. governance for the common good - including climate action and transparent, accountable and inclusive governance both locally and internationally. Over more than 50 years, Germany and Morocco have built significant trust through development cooperation, providing a strong foundation for a more strategic partnership. Realising this potential, however, requires clarity on each country's priorities, adaptability and red lines. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:idospb:333599 |
| By: | Houdret, Annabelle; Furness, Mark |
| Abstract: | L'Allemagne et le Maroc sont liés par une coopération au développement de longue date, qui évolue dans un contexte régional et international en mutation. Ce partenariat mutuellement bénéfique pourrait être considérablement approfondi. Devenu un acteur clé en Afrique du Nord et de l'Ouest, le Maroc renforce son influence économique, militaire et géopolitique. Il bénéficie de l'expertise, des investissements et du soutien stratégique de l'Allemagne. L'Allemagne quant à elle s'appuie sur la coopération avec le Maroc pour promouvoir ses intérêts économiques, technologiques et diplomatiques en Afrique et en Méditerranée. Aujourd'hui, les dynamiques mondiales redéfinissent la nature de la coopération. La coopération au développement traditionnelle en tant qu'aide apportée par les pays occidentaux aux pays du " Sud global " perd de sa pertinence. Elle évolue vers des relations transactionnelles au bénéfice des gains économiques, commerciaux et politiques mutuels. Cette approche pragmatique doit néanmoins rester ancrée dans des normes de coopération privilégiant droits humains, inclusion sociale et durabilité environnementale - des principes essentiels pour des avantages mutuels durables pour les deux sociétés. L'Allemagne doit s'affirmer comme partenaire défendant clairement ses intérêts, alliant collaboration stratégique et économique à un soutien au développement durable et inclusif. Les compromis éventuels devront être identifiés et adressés ou, si nécessaire, l'Allemagne devra s'abstenir de coopérer dans certains domaines. Malgré un recul notable de la pauvreté, le Maroc fait face à des disparités socioéconomiques significatives et les inégalités se creusent sur fond de changement climatique, d'accès limité à la santé et à l'éducation et d'opacité de la gouvernance. Face à ces défis, les partenaires internationaux peuvent soutenir le Maroc. Le chancelier allemand Friedrich Merz a articulé une politique étrangère qui défend les intérêts et poursuit les valeurs du pays par le biais de partenariats solides avec des pays clés. La coopération au développement en est une composante centrale, tant pour soutenir le développement durable que pour faciliter une politique de coopération globale. Comme l'ont souligné nos interlocuteurs marocains du gouvernement, des institutions publiques, de la recherche de la société civile, il s'agit ici précisément du genre de relation que leur pays cherche à construire. Quatre grands axes stratégiques seront probablement au centre de la coopération au cours de la prochaine décennie : 1. Intérêts géostratégiques - en particulier le statut du Sahara occidental et les relations africaines ; 2. Infrastructure et investissements - surtout infrastructures publiques, connectivité et énergie ; 3. Emploi, compétences et migration - autour de la migration légale, la formation professionnelle et des besoins du marché du travail des deux pays ; et 4. Gouvernance pour le bien commun - y compris l'action pour le climat et une gouvernance transparente, responsable et inclusive au niveau local et international. En plus de 50 ans, la confiance entre l'Allemagne et le Maroc s'est considérablement renforcée dans le contexte de leur coopération au développement, offrant une base solide en vue d'un partenariat à visée plus stratégique. La réalisation de ce potentiel nécessite cependant de clarifier les priorités, la capacité d'adaptation et les lignes rouges de chaque pays. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:idospb:333598 |
| By: | Rahimi Kahkashi, Sanaz; Asharieen, Nasim; Adeli, OmidAli; Roudari, Soheil |
| Abstract: | In the years following the Islamic Revolution, Iran's economy has been affected by international sanctions with varying degrees of intensity. In recent years, the scope and severity of these sanctions have increased, leaving profound impacts on economic indicators, including gross domestic product (GDP) growth. This study aims to dynamically analyze Iran’s economic growth response to sanctions and economic shocks over the period 1981–2021, using a Factor-Augmented Vector Autoregression (FAVAR) model combined with a Time-Varying Parameter (TVP) framework. This model enables a dynamic examination of the temporal effects of economic and sanction-related shocks. The explanatory variables in the model include liquidity volume, tax revenues, government current expenditures, exchange rate, income inequality, human capital, oil revenues, and sanctions. A dummy variable has been incorporated to represent sanctions during selected key sanction periods (1981–1988, 1996–1997, 2006–2013, and 2018–2021). The estimated model results indicate that Iran’s economic growth exhibits nonlinear responses to various shocks. Sanctions, exchange rate increases, rising income inequality, and declining human capital have had negative effects on economic growth, whereas positive reactions to government current expenditures have contributed to economic expansion. Regarding tax revenues, the findings suggest that increasing tax revenues can play a crucial role in reducing dependence on oil income. However, without structural reforms, raising taxes may increase production costs and reduce investment, thereby hindering economic growth. Therefore, instead of merely increasing taxes, emphasizing tax transparency, reducing tax evasion, and optimizing tax exemptions is essential. Regarding oil revenues, the study finds that their impact on economic growth varies depending on how they are managed. On the one hand, investing these resources in infrastructure, research and development, and financing imports of intermediate and capital goods can boost economic growth. On the other hand, excessive reliance on oil revenues, especially under sanction conditions, increases economic vulnerability and negatively affects growth stability. Sanctions have had a significant negative impact on Iran’s gross domestic product (GDP), particularly through their effects on trade, investment, and production capacity. The findings of this study underscore the importance of proper oil resource management, reducing Iran's dependence on external economic factors, implementing effective tax policies, and strengthening productive sectors. Accordingly, policies that enhance economic resilience against sanctions, develop domestic production capacity, and mitigate the adverse effects of oil revenue fluctuations will play a key role in achieving sustainable economic growth. |
| Keywords: | Sanction, Economic Growth, Fiscal and Monetary Policies, TVP – FAVAR Model, Iran |
| JEL: | C32 F51 O40 |
| Date: | 2025–01–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:127342 |
| By: | Abdeslam Baalla (LIREFIMO, FSJES, USMBA, FES - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Économie, Finance et Management des Organisations, Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Économiques et Sociales, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fès, Maroc); Tarik Jellouli (LIREFIMO, FSJES, USMBA, FES - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Économie, Finance et Management des Organisations, Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Économiques et Sociales, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fès, Maroc) |
| Abstract: | يقدّم هذا المقال تحليلاً نظريًا للتحولات اللازمة في إدارة الموارد البشرية في إطار تطبيق المجموعات الصحية الترابية في المغرب. ومن خلال اعتماد منهج استكشافي وتأملي، تستند الدراسة إلى مراجعة تكاملية للأدبيات متعددة التخصصات. وبالاعتماد على إدارة القطاع العام، ونظرية التنظيم، وإدارة الموارد البشرية الاستراتيجية، يتم تسليط الضوء على التحديات التنظيمية، والقضايا الإدارية، والشروط اللازمة لإصلاح صحي ترابي مستدام ومرتبط بالأداء. وبناءً على مراجعة الأدبيات، تحدد التحليلات العناصر الأساسية لإدارة الموارد البشرية، وهي: الإدارة المتكاملة، النهج القائم على الكفاءات، أنظمة التقييم المجددة، وربط الأداء الفردي بالأداء الجماعي. كما يقترح المقال نموذجًا نظريًا لإدارة الموارد البشرية يدمج بين إدارة الكفاءات، الأداء، والحكامة الأخلاقية، ويقدّم توصيات للإصلاح الاستباقي. ويختم بدعوة لإجراء بحوث تجريبية مستقبلية لدعم تطبيق المجموعات الصحية الترابية |
| Abstract: | Dieser Artikel bietet eine theoretische Analyse der notwendigen Transformationen im Personalmanagement im Rahmen der Implementierung der Territorialen Gesundheitsgruppen (GST) in Marokko. Unter Anwendung eines explorativen und reflexiven Ansatzes stützt sich die Studie auf eine integrative Übersicht der interdisziplinären Literatur. UA Auf Basis der Literaturübersicht identifiziert die Analyse zentrale Hebel des Personalmanagements: integriertes Management, kompetenzbasierte Ansätze, erneuerte Evaluationssysteme sowie die Verknüpfung zwischen individueller und kollektiver Leistung. Der Artikel schlägt ein theoretisches HRM-Modell vor, das Kompetenzmanagement, Leistung und ethische Governance integriert, und bietet Empfehlungen für eine vorausschauende Reform. Abschließend wird zu zukünftiger empirischer Forschung aufgerufen, um die Umsetzung der GST zu unterstützen. |
| Abstract: | This article offers a theoretical analysis of the transformations needed in human resources management within the framework of the implementation of Territorial Health Groups (GST) in Morocco. Adopting an exploratory and reflexive approach, the study drawson an integrative review of interdisciplinary literature. Drawing on public management, organizational theory, and strategic human resource management, it highlights organizational challenges, managerial issues, and the conditions for a sustainable and performance-driven territorial health reform. Based on a literature review, the analysis identifies key HRM levers: integrated management, competency-based approaches, renewed evaluation systems, and the articulation between individual and collective performance. The article proposes a theoretical HRM model that integrates competency management, performance, and ethical governance, and offers recommendations for anticipatory reform. It calls for future empirical research to support the implementation of GSTs |
| Abstract: | Este artículo ofrece un análisis teórico de las transformaciones necesarias en la gestión de recursos humanos en el marco de la implementación de los Grupos Sanitarios Territoriales (GST) en Marruecos. Adoptando un enfoque exploratorio y reflexivo, el estudio se basa en una revisión integradora de la literatura interdisciplinaria. Partiendo de la gestión pública, la teoría organizacional y la gestión estratégica de recursos humanos, se destacan los desafíos organizativos, las cuestiones gerenciales y las condiciones para una reforma sanitaria territorial sostenible y orientada al desempeño. A partir de la revisión de la literatura, el análisis identifica los principales palancas de la gestión de recursos humanos : gestión integrada, enfoques basados en competencias, sistemas de evaluación renovados y la articulación entre el desempeño individual y colectivo. El artículo propone un modelo teórico de gestión de recursos humanos que integra la gestión por competencias, el desempeño y la gobernanza ética, y ofrece recomendaciones para una reforma anticipatoria. Finalmente, se hace un llamado a futuras investigaciones empíricas que apoyen la implementación de los GST. |
| Abstract: | Cet article propose une lecture théorique des transformations nécessaires du management des ressources humaines dans le contexte de la mise en œuvre des Groupements Sanitaires Territoriaux au Maroc. Adoptant une démarche exploratoire et réflexive, l'étude s'appuie sur une revue intégrative de la littérature interdisciplinaire. En mobilisant des cadres issus du management public, de la théorie des organisations et de la gestion stratégique des ressources humaines, il met en lumière les défis organisationnels, les enjeux managériaux et les conditions de performance et de soutenabilité d'une réforme territoriale ambitieuse. À partir d'une revue de littérature, l'analyse identifie des leviers de transformation du MRH : pilotage intégré, approche par les compétences, systèmes d'évaluation renouvelés, articulation entre performance individuelle et collective. L'article propose un modèle théorique pour le MRH articulant gestion par les compétences, performance et gouvernance éthique, et formule des recommandations pour une réforme anticipative. Il appelle à des recherches empiriques futures afin d'accompagner la mise en œuvre des GST. |
| Abstract: | Questo articolo offre un'analisi teorica delle trasformazioni necessarie nella gestione delle risorse umane nel contesto dell'implementazione dei Gruppi Sanitari Territoriali (GST) in Marocco. Un Sulla base della revisione della letteratura, l'analisi identifica i principali leve della gestione delle risorse umane : gestione integrata, approcci basati sulle competenze, sistemi di valutazione rinnovati e l'articolazione tra performance individuale e collettiva. L'articolo propone un modello teorico di HRM che integra la gestione delle competenze, le performance e la governance etica, offrendo raccomandazioni per una riforma anticipatoria. Infine, viene sollecitata la futura ricerca empirica a supporto dell'implementazione dei GST. |
| Keywords: | public management, human resources, health reform, territorial governance, ressources humaines, réforme de santé, gouvernance territoriale, management public, Groupements Sanitaires Territoriaux |
| Date: | 2025–08–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05321716 |
| By: | Haibo Wang; Lutfu Sua; Burak Dolar |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the relationship between trade and financial openness, as well as the operational efficiency and growth of Turkish banks, from 2010 to 2023. Utilizing CAMELG-DEA and dynamic panel data analysis, the study finds that increased trade openness significantly enhances banking efficiency, primarily due to heightened demand for banking services related to international trade. Financial openness further boosts growth by facilitating capital flows, expanding banks' credit portfolios, and increasing fee income from cross-border transactions. However, poverty levels have a negative impact on bank performance, reducing financial intermediation and innovation opportunities. The results underscore the crucial role of trade and financial openness in fostering banking sector growth in developing economies. |
| Date: | 2025–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2512.05148 |
| By: | Abid, Senan |
| Abstract: | This study analyzes the determinants and dynamics of military spending in the Middle East within the framework of critical political economy, based on data covering the period (1995-2023). The analysis combines approaches from political economy, the rentier-authoritarian state theory, and critical geopolitics to explain the link between armament, authoritarian structures, and international alliances rather than objective security threats. The findings suggest that the persistently high levels of military spending in the region are largely used as instruments to maintain power structures and sustain strategic alliances, rather than merely to enhance defense capabilities. The diversification of arms suppliers toward Russia and China appears not to have reduced dependency but instead to have added further logistical and strategic complexity. The study also indicates a tendency toward a negative association between military spending and the indicators of democracy, development, and political stability, highlighting the prevailing priority of "regime security" over "state security." Overall, the paper argues that patterns of armament in the Middle East reflect a hybrid political- economic configuration that perpetuates the security dilemma at both the regional and international levels. |
| Keywords: | Political Economy, Military Spending, Middle East, Rentier State, Authoritarianism, Security Dilemma, Geopolitics, International Alliances |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:cessdp:333942 |
| By: | Kadivar, Mohammad Ali; Khani, Saber; Vahabli, Danial (Stony Brook University); Abedini, Vahid; Barzin, Samira |
| Abstract: | What drives the uneven geographic spread of revolutionary episodes? While structural approaches emphasize pre-existing fault lines, contingency approaches highlight emergent processes. We synthesize these perspectives, arguing that specific triggers shape a revolutionary episode’s social geography by activating certain fault lines while leaving others dormant. Through a comparative analysis of three revolutionary episodes in Iran (2017–2022), each with a distinct trigger, we demonstrate how different triggers shape patterns of contention. Using event-history and spatial regression analysis of subnational protest data alongside socioeconomic and political variables, we show that a fuel price hike activated grievances in oil-producing areas, while a repressive event targeting a woman from an ethnic and religious minority mobilized protests in minority-populated districts. Our findings illustrate how triggers structure revolutionary mobilization, offering broader insights into the interaction between structural conditions and contingent events in contentious politics. |
| Date: | 2025–11–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:2y478_v1 |
| By: | Nizar Riane |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we study the public procurement market through the lens of game theory by modeling it as a strategic game with discontinuous and non-quasiconcave payoffs. We first show that the game admits no Nash equilibrium in pure strategies. We then analyze the two-player case and derive two explicit mixed-strategy equilibria for the symmetric game and for the weighted $(p, 1-p)$ formulation. Finally, we establish the existence of a symmetric Nash equilibrium in the general $N$-player case by applying the diagonal disjoint payoff matching condition, which allows us to extend equilibrium existence to the mixed-strategy setting despite payoff discontinuities. |
| Date: | 2025–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2512.10109 |
| By: | Neil Ferguson; Tatiana Orozco García |
| Abstract: | An increasing proportion of the world’s poor live in fragile states, and efforts to build economic and social stability increasingly focus on those settings. Fragility harms the political and economic ecosystem, as well as individual endowments. Interventions that only focus on overcoming individual constraints might be insufficient. Support for entrepreneurs to overcome skills or credit constraints might have limited impacts if local economies cannot sustain the businesses they start, limiting impact on economic and social stability. This paper tests the effect of SME support in the context of localized development, which aims to develop local economies by boosting individual entrepreneurship capacity in demand-driven growth sectors. The intervention increased business startup and registration, but the relative income of beneficiaries declined. Moreover, for beneficiaries with positive outcomes, there are associated impacts on social outcomes, including reduced tolerance of violence, increased trust, and increased social participation. |
| Keywords: | economic development, entrepreneurship, fragility, jobs programmes, poverty, social stability |
| JEL: | D74 J24 L26 O12 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hic:wpaper:447 |
| By: | Emre Akusta |
| Abstract: | This study analyzes the impact of globalization on sustainable development in Turkiye. We used the ARDL method with annual data for the period 2000-2021. Results reveal that economic globalization promotes positively to sustainable development in the short run with a coefficient of 0.144 and in the long run with a 0.153 coefficient. Although social globalization has a negative impact with a coefficient of -0.150 in the short run, this effect turns positive with a coefficient of 0.080 in the long run. Political globalization strongly supports sustainable development with a coefficient of 0.254 in the short run and 2.634 in the long run. Finally, total globalization has a positive impact on sustainable development in the short and long run with coefficients of 0.339 and 0.196, respectively. |
| Date: | 2025–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2512.03822 |
| By: | Otgun, Hanifi; Fulginiti, Lilyan E.; Perrin, Richard K. |
| Keywords: | Productivity Analysis, Production Economics, International Development |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea24:343572 |
| By: | Houdret, Annabelle; Furness, Mark |
| Abstract: | Deutschland und Marokko verbindet eine lange Geschichte der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit, die sich heute unter veränderten regionalen und internationalen Bedingungen weiterentwickelt. Diese Partnerschaft kommt beiden Ländern zugute und birgt erhebliches Potenzial. Marokko hat sich zu einem wichtigen Akteur in Nord- und Westafrika entwickelt und seinen wirtschaftlichen, militärischen und geopolitischen Einfluss gestärkt. Es profitiert von deutschem Fachwissen, Investitionen und strategischer Unterstützung. Deutschland kann sich die Zusammenarbeit mit Marokko noch stärker zunutze machen, um seine wirtschaftlichen, technologischen und diplomatischen Interessen voranzubringen. Allerdings verändern globale Dynamiken die deutsch-marokkanische Zusammenarbeit. Traditionelle Entwicklungszusammenarbeit, bei der westliche Staaten dem "Globalen Süden" Hilfe leisten, verliert an Bedeutung. Stattdessen nehmen Transaktionsbeziehungen im Sinne gegenseitiger wirtschaftlicher, kommerzieller und politischer Vorteile zu. Dieser pragmatische Ansatz muss jedoch weiterhin in Kooperationsnormen eingebettet sein, die Menschenrechte, soziale Inklusion und ökologische Nachhaltigkeit in den Vordergrund stellen. Diese Prinzipien bilden die Grundlage für langfristige Vorteile für die Gesellschaften beider Länder. Deutschland sollte sich als Partner positionieren, der seine Interessen klar definiert und strategische und wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit mit der Unterstützung einer inklusiven und nachhaltigen Entwicklung verbindet. Wenn Kompromisse erforderlich sind, müssen diese identifiziert und adressiert werden oder notfalls dazu führen, dass Deutschland in bestimmten Bereichen auf Zusammenarbeit verzichtet. Trotz erfolgreicher Armutsreduzierung bestehen in Marokko weiterhin erhebliche sozioökonomische Ungleichheiten, die durch Klimawandel, eingeschränkten Zugang zu Gesundheit und Bildung sowie mangelnde Governance weiter zunehmen. Internationale Partner können Marokko bei der Bewältigung dieser Probleme unterstützen. Der deutsche Bundeskanzler Friedrich Merz hat eine Außenpolitik formuliert, die Interessen verfolgt und Werte durch starke Partnerschaften mit wichtigen Ländern verteidigt. Die Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ist ein zentraler Bestandteil dieser Beziehungen - um Entwicklung nachhaltig zu gestalten und um Türen für eine umfassende Kooperationspolitik zu öffnen. Marokkanische Gesprächspartner*innen aus Regierung, Forschung und Zivilgesellschaft, die für dieses Papier befragt wurden, betonten, dass ihr Land genau diese Art von Beziehung aufbauen möchte. Vier strategische Schlüsselbereiche werden die bilaterale Zusammenarbeit in den nächsten zehn Jahren vorrausichtlich bestimmen: 1. Geostrategische Interessen - vor allem der Status der Westsahara und die Beziehungen zu Afrika; 2. Infrastruktur und Investitionen - insbesondere private und öffentliche Investitionen in Infrastruktur, Konnektivität und Energie; 3. Beschäftigung, Fachkräfte und Migration - mit Fokus auf legale Migration, berufliche Bildung und den Arbeitskräftebedarf beider Länder; und 4. Governance für das Gemeinwohl - vor allem im Klimaschutz und für transparente, rechenschaftspflichtige und inklusive Regierungsführung auf lokaler wie internationaler Ebene. Deutschland und Marokko haben in über 50 Jahren Entwicklungszusammenarbeit erhebliches Vertrauen aufgebaut - eine solide Basis für eine strategischere Partnerschaft. Die Verwirklichung dieses Potenzials erfordert jedoch Klarheit über die jeweiligen Prioritäten, Anpassungsbereitschaft und roten Linien. |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:idospb:333593 |