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on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Ahmed Derbel (Université de Sousse - Institut Supérieur du Transport et de la Logistique); Kaies Samet (ISGI Sfax - Institut Supérieur de Gestion Industrielle de Sfax) |
| Abstract: | The Covid-19 pandemic has become both a global health and socio-economic crisis, with many countries implementing unprecedented mobility restrictions to control the spread of the virus. It therefore seems essential, for example, to assess the impacts of this virus on maritime transport of passengers by ferries, as well as in the worldwide and in Tunisia, by taking the case of the port of La Goulette. For this, we have adopted a methodological approach which is based, on the one hand, on a theoretical study, carried out using works and documents directly related to our subject, and on the other hand, on an empirical study, using the multiple linear regression method, after which we found that there are indicators having impacts on the number of passengers entering the port of La Goulette. These are divided between a negative impact (TND-EUR exchange rate) and positive impacts (the number of cases infected with Covid-19, the number of ships entering in the port of La Goulette and the temperature). However, taking into account the exogenous health variable, it turned out over time that we gradually went from a positive impact on the number of passengers entering the port of La Goulette to a negative impact, in accordance with observation in the tunisian port and the literature review, and finally nowadays to zero impact. |
| Abstract: | La pandémie du Covid-19 est devenue à la fois une crise sanitaire et socio-économique mondiale, de nombreux pays mettant en œuvre des restrictions de mobilité sans précédent pour contrôler la propagation du virus. Il semble alors primordial, à titre d'exemple, d'évaluer les impacts de ce virus sur le transport maritime des passagers, via les ferries, aussi bien dans le monde qu'en Tunisie, en prenant le cas du port de La Goulette. Pour cela, nous avons adopté une démarche méthodologique qui se base, d'une part, sur une étude théorique, réalisée à l'aide des ouvrages et des documents en relation directe avec notre sujet, et d'autre part, sur une étude empirique, en utilisant la méthode de la régression linéaire multiple, à l'issue de laquelle nous avons trouvé qu'il y a des indicateurs ayant des impacts sur le nombre de passagers entrant au port de La Goulette. Ces derniers sont répartis entre un impact négatif (Taux de change TND-EUR) et des impacts positifs (Nombre des cas infectés par le Covid-19, nombre de navires entrés au port La Goulette et température). Toutefois, en tenant compte de la variable sanitaire exogène, il s'est avéré au fil du temps que nous sommes progressivement passés d'un impact positif sur le nombre de passagers entrés au port de La Goulette à un impact négatif, conformément à l'observation au port tunisien et à la revue de la littérature, et enfin de nos jours à un impact nul. |
| Keywords: | Ferries traffic, Covid-19 pandemic, the port of La Goulette, multiple linear regression method, the number of passengers entering the port of La Goulette, the number of cases infected with Covid-19, positive impact, negative impact, zero impact., Trafic de ferries, Covid-19, port de La Goulette, méthode de la régression linéaire multiple, nombre de passagers entrés au port de La Goulette, nombre de cas infectés par le Covid-19, impact positif, impact négatif, impact nul. |
| Date: | 2023–04–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04083474&r=ara |
| By: | Elsayed, Ahmed (American University in Cairo); Shirshikova, Alina (Maastricht University) |
| Abstract: | We examine the effects of the large-scale construction of public universities in Egypt during the 1960s and 1970s. We found that opening a local university increased the likelihood of obtaining higher education degrees and had long-lasting positive effects on labor market and marriage outcomes, particularly for women. We give insights on internal migration as a channel and show that migration prior to university enrollment age decreased while migration after that age increased as an outcome of university construction. Local universities reduced men's migration for study and women's migration for early marriage. The paper highlights the importance of increasing access to higher education for positive social and labor outcomes, particularly for women. |
| Keywords: | umpowerment of women, universities, higher education, Egypt |
| JEL: | I21 I23 J22 J24 O15 O55 |
| Date: | 2023–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp16069&r=ara |
| By: | Amri, Tariq Al; Otaibi, Naif Al; Marey-Perez, Manuel |
| Abstract: | This research aims to highlight the obstacles to green buildings and reveal the factors that can help in reducing these obstacles. It uses a qualitative approach and collects data from previous studies. The results highlight that the literature on green buildings mentions barriers and obstacles in different categories, including financial, governmental, organizational, management, operational, technical, and socio-cultural barriers. Most of these barriers, directly and indirectly, affect the development of green buildings. To overcome these barriers, there are some important factors to be considered, including the introduction of new government rules and regulations, offering incentives to industry to encourage businesses, creating a collaborative culture among stakeholders to spread awareness and knowledge, information regarding green building, ensuring the sharing of success factors, and sharing of critical cases to add knowledge to others. Emphasis on these factors or strategies can help in the development of green buildings, which will lead to sustainable development in Saudi Arabia. Project managers can consider these results as guidelines to ensure sustainable development. |
| Date: | 2023–04–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:a352b&r=ara |
| By: | Yusuf Soner Başkaya; Bryan Hardy; Sebnem Kalemli-Ozcan; Vivian Yue |
| Abstract: | We use an exogenous fiscal shock to identify the transmission of government risk to bank lending due to banks holding government bonds. We illustrate with a theoretical model that for banks with higher exposure to government bonds, a higher sovereign default risk implies lower bank net worth and less lending. Our empirical estimates confirm the model's predictions. The exogenous change in sovereign default risk of Turkish government debt as a result of the 1999 Earthquake impacts banks whose balance sheets were exposed more to government bonds. The resulting lower bank net worth translates into lower credit supply. We rule out alternative explanations. Our estimates suggest this channel can explain half of the decline in bank lending following the earthquake. This underlines the importance of the bank balance-sheet channel in transmitting a higher sovereign default risk to reduced real economic activity. |
| Keywords: | banking crisis, bank balance sheets, lending channel, public debt, credit supply, sovereign-bank nexus |
| JEL: | E32 F15 F36 O16 |
| Date: | 2023–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bis:biswps:1093&r=ara |
| By: | Abdelouahab MAAROUF (UM5 - Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal]); Omar AHMED (UM5 - Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal]) |
| Abstract: | This report examines the effect of external public debt on economic growth in the Republic of Djibouti based on autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) during the period 1987 - 2017. The results show a positive and significant effect of debt on economic growth when considered in nominal terms. This effect becomes less significant and statistically insignificant when estimating the net present value of the debt. These results suggest that, contrary to intuition and theory, the use of concessional financing is no more timely and effective than floating and more restrictive borrowing. |
| Abstract: | Ce rapport examine l'effet de la dette publique extérieure sur la croissance économique en république de Djibouti en se basant sur la modélisation autorégressive à retard échelonné (ARDL) durant la période 1987 - 2017. Les résultats obtenus montrent un effet positif et significatif de la dette sur la croissance économique lorsqu'elle est considérée sous forme de valeur nominale. Cet effet devient moins important et statistiquement non significatif lorsque l'estimation porte sur la valeur actuelle nette de la dette. Ces résultats permettent de conclure que, contrairement à l'intuition et à ce que prédit la théorie, le recours au financement à des conditions favorables n'est pas plus opportun et plus efficace que les emprunts à taux variables et à des conditions plus restrictives. |
| Date: | 2021–07–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-03280083&r=ara |
| By: | Hubert BONIN |
| Abstract: | Algeria’s political independence in 1962 opened the doors to a questioning of the domination of “imperialist” France over the Algerian economy. The local production system or cluster structured around the consumption and financing circuits of the Europeans established in the colony collapsed after te repatriation of the Pieds-Noirs. The trans-Mediterranean prduction systems, animated since the ex-Metropole, must gradually adapt to the strategies of French companies, faithful or not to their Maghreb embeddedness, and especially to the will of the new State to take control of the development of the country. The year 1962 is less a moment of rupture than an opening over ten years of transfer of ownership and decision-making centers, as socialism and nationalism of the new Power assert themselves. |
| Keywords: | Geo-economics, economy of independent Algeria, economic decolonization, strategy of French companies, development. |
| JEL: | N17 N14 N47 N87 O55 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:grt:bdxewp:2023-05&r=ara |