|
on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Majed Alharthi (King Abdulaziz University) |
| Abstract: | This study aims to find the main determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Region using a panel data from 1996-2016. The GCC region is facing new economic reforms as a result of low oil prices when oil is the main product of GDP in GCC. In addition, GCC impose tax in 2018 that would affect economy negatively due to lowering in purchase power. Based on lower prices of oil, Saudi Arabia released a plan called Vision 2030. This vision was announced in 26 April 2016 by Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman. The main reason behind this vision is to diversify economy. The FDI is one of the most important indicators to realize this diversity of economy. In this study, the data was collected through the United Nations Conference of Trade and Development, World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) databases. The data was analyzed through fixed-effects model and random-effects model. The GDP is found to have a significant and positive impact on FDI. The Arab Spring affected the FDI negatively and significantly through the period of the study. |
| Keywords: | foreign direct investment; Gulf Cooperation Council; Vision 2030 |
| Date: | 2018–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iefpro:6909562&r=ara |
| By: | Tumen, Semih (TED University) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the impact of Syrian refugees on high school enrollment rates of native youth in Turkey. Syrian refugees are, on average, less skilled and more willing to work in low-pay informal jobs than Turkish natives. Refugees can influence native youth's school enrollment likelihood negatively through educational experience. But, at the same time, they can affect enrollment rates positively as they escalate competition for jobs with low-skill requirements. Using micro data from 2006 to 2016 and employing quasi-experimental methods, I find that high-school enrollment rates increased 2.7-3.6 percentage points among native youth in refugee-receiving regions. Furthermore, a one-percentage point increase in the refugee-to-population ratio in a region generates around 0.4 percentage point increase in native's high school enrollment rates. Most of the increase in high school enrollment comes from young males with lower parental backgrounds, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the main mechanism operates through the low-skill labor market. The regressions control for (i) variables proxying parental investment in human capital such as parental education, being in an intact family, and household size, (ii) regional economic activity, and (iii) regional availability of high schools and high school teachers. |
| Keywords: | low-skill Syrian refugees, youth education, high school enrollment |
| JEL: | I25 J61 |
| Date: | 2018–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp11869&r=ara |
| By: | Aysit Tansel (Middle East Technical University, ERF & IZA); Halil Ibrahim Keskin (Cukurova University, Saricam, Adana, Turkey); Zeynel Abidin Ozdemir (Gazi University, Besevler, 06500 Ankara, Turkey) |
| Abstract: | This paper considers the public and private sector wage earners in Egypt and examines their wage distribution during 1998-2012 using Egyptian Labor Market Panel Survey. We estimate the public-private sector wage gap with Mincer wage equations both at the mean and at different quantiles of the wage distribution. In this process we take into account observable and unobservable characteristics of the individuals using the panel feature of the data with a fixed effects model. We address sector of employment selection issue for both males and females. We find that there is very little evidence of sample selection in our data. Therefore, we present both the selection corrected results and the results with no selection correction. We find a persistent public sector wage penalty for males and public sector wage premium for females in the face of extensive sensitivity checks. They are larger when unobserved heterogeneity is taken into account for males but insignificant for females. They are similar across the quantiles for males but, smaller at the top than at the bottom of the conditional wage distribution for females. We further examine the public sector wage gap over time and in different sub-groups according to age and education. The public sector wage penalty for males has decreased recently over time and is larger for the better educated and younger. We also find substantial regional differences in public sector wage gap for males. |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tek:wpaper:2018/3&r=ara |
| By: | BENAMIER Djamel Eddine (University of M'Sila (Algeria)) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, I reviewed the requirements for the success of the political reform process in the Arab world after the crises witnessed by many Arab countries under the so-called "Arab Spring", by focusing on the conceptual implications of political reform in these countries and the importance of this at the local, regional and international levels, despite the different characteristics and circumstances of Arab societies in general, the requirements for the success of political reform in them are reflected in two basic means: the first is a legal means, linked to the role of legislator in the enactment of laws and political reform process, the second is a social and cultural means at the same time, related to the role of civil society organizations in changing the concepts, principles and values in the citizen's mind, in the sense of trying to democratize the behavior of citizens. The legislative function of the legislature is easy and does not require much time and great effort, although it is important to change the legal texts. However, social and cultural reform requires much more time, effort and active involvement of the various organizations in society, from the family to the school to the media and political parties. I take this intervention through to address these elements:1 - The concept of political reform in the Arab world2 - The importance of political reform in the Arab world3. Conditions for the success of political reform in the Arab world-Legal reform and the importance of the legislator's role in this.-Cultural reform and the importance of the role of civil society organizations. |
| Keywords: | political reform, Arab world, civil society, legal reform, cultural reform, democratic process |
| JEL: | Z00 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8109753&r=ara |
| By: | SAMI MAHAJNA (BEIT BERL COLLEGE) |
| Abstract: | While the attractiveness of teaching as a career is declining as it's indicated by the teacher shortage crisis (European union, 2013; OECD, 2017 ), it is still considered one of the most preferred domain of study among Palestinian Arab students live in Israel. previous studies have shown, students from the Palestinian community in the Israeli context (Mahajna, 2014), as in the other contexts (Bergmark, Lundström, Manderstedt, & Palo, 2018; Han, Borgonovi, & Guerriero, 2018), rate intrinsic and altruistic motives higher than extrinsic motives.This similarity in motives is likely to make the above mentioned causes for why individuals choose teaching as a profession insufficient explanation. This explanation have not taught us who will continue in the teaching profession and who will leave it (Heinz, 2015).Though the real question that should be asked is: who among those who come to the teaching profession expected to remain in the teaching profession. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study is to examine typology of students who choose the teaching profession based on four indicators: (a) the type of motivation for choosing teaching profession, (b) perceived suitability to the teaching profession, (c) career choice satisfaction, and (d) teacher student commitment to the teaching profession. Data were collected from 113 Arab students in their first year of studies who attended a teacher training college. The participants comprised 87.6% of the total number of students were accepted to teacher training studies in the same year. four sets of questionnaires were administered: (a) the type of motivation for choosing teaching profession, (b) perceived suitability to the teaching profession, (c) career choice satisfaction, and (d) teacher student commitment to the teaching profession. cluster analysis was performed to distinguish between different types of students teachers. Results indicated that there are four different types of student-teachers who show different characteristics: the "prophets", the "convinced", the "realist" and the "sufferers". The "prophets" student-teachers showed a low level of future external goals and a high level of future internal goals in teaching profession. The "convinced" teacher students reported a low level of career choice satisfaction, and a low level of future internal goals. The largest group was the "Realists" teacher students. students from this group reported the highest level in all the variables were examined. The last group, the "Sufferers" student-teachers reported the lowest level in the variables: perception suitability to teaching profession and career choice satisfaction. |
| Keywords: | cluster analysis, career choice, motives for choosing teaching, teacher Palestinian in Israel |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8110389&r=ara |
| By: | Djamel Khouatra (ISEOR - Institut de Socio-économie des Entreprises et des ORganisations - Institut de socio-économie des entreprises et des organisations); Mohamed El Habib Merhoum (University of Mostaganem) |
| Abstract: | Algeria, like France and other French-speaking countries, has reformed its accounting system to adapt to changes in its legal and economic environment, as well as to its international openness and foreign capital. Algeria has developed a new accounting system called Financial Accounting System (FAS) set up from 2010. The Algerian FAS can be considered as a hybrid accounting system composed of an explicit conceptual framework with reference to the international accounting framework of the country. IASB, and a French-inspired accounting plan. Our qualitative study highlights the shortcomings of the FAS perceived by Algerian companies and the improvements to be made. The FAS is therefore not well adapted to the needs of Algerian companies. |
| Abstract: | L'Algérie comme la France et d'autres pays francophones, a réformé son système comptable pour l'adapter aux changements de son environnement juridique et économique, et à son ouverture internationale et aux capitaux étrangers. L'Algérie a élaboré un nouveau système comptable appelé Système Comptable Financier (SCF) mis en place à partir de 2010. Le SCF algérien peut être considéré comme un système comptable hybride composé d'un cadre conceptuel explicite par référence au cadre comptable international de l'IASB, et d'un plan comptable d'inspiration française. Notre étude qualitative fait ressortir les insuffisances du SCF perçues par des entreprises algériennes et les améliorations à apporter. Le SCF est donc pas bien adapté aux besoins des entreprises algériennes. |
| Keywords: | Accounting system,conceptual framework,accounting standard,accounting plan,qualitative study,Système comptable,cadre conceptuel,norme comptable,plan comptable,étude qualitative |
| Date: | 2018–05–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01907786&r=ara |