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on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Ayse Altiok-Yilmaz (Bahcesehir University); Elif Akben-Selcuk (Kadir Has University) |
| Abstract: | The impact of corporate performance on the likelihood of voluntary or disciplinary CEO turnover has been a central research topic in finance. To date, the majority of the studies in the area focused on developed countries and documented a negative relationship between the two variables. However, considering institution differences and different corporate governance mechanisms in emerging markets, the results could differ in other countries. The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship between CEO turnover and financial performance in an emerging market, Turkey. The sample includes non-financial firms listed on Borsa Istanbul and the period of analysis covers the years 2005-2014. A firm-year is defined as a turnover year if there was a change in the name of the CEO as announced in the company news. The empirical results are consistent with prior literature and indicate that financial performance is negatively associated with the probability of CEO turnover. The effect size is stronger in the case of disciplinary turnovers and findings are robust to alternative performance measures. These results suggest that corporate governance mechanisms are not ineffective in Turkey. |
| Keywords: | CEO turnover, financial performance, Turkey. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:4306657&r=ara |
| By: | Sanaa SABOUR ALAOUI (Polydisciplinary Faculty Beni-Mellal); Barge Nadia (polydisciplinqry faculty of beni mellal) |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUNDToday, the number of allergy is increasing in industrialized countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies allergic diseases to be the fourth in the world of affections. WHO considers that these diseases are a major public health problem in terms of quality of life, loss of work days, teaching, drug and even mortality cost.The frequency of respiratory allergies including asthma and allergic rhinitis due to pollens is increasing in the young and urban dwellers in developed countries. METHODS: For this project, we chose Polydisciplinary Faculty of Beni-Mellal (FPBM) located in the center of Morocco as a place for the study of pollen allergy. It is a public institution of higher education, that receives thousands of students from different parts of the region which is characterized by its vegetation richness. The project was to study pollen allergy in FPBM in an effective sample of 529 randomly chosen within a range of about 7,000 students. A survey was made for a descriptive studies. Results: The percentage of students allergic to pollen surveyed in the FPBM was 39%. This percentage was within the confidence interval of all students in the allergic FPBM [35%; 44%] estimated 5% error risk. This results prove that our sample was representative. We also found that the allergic to pollen presents a significant percentage of 40.5% for female compared to 36.6% for male. Our study shows that the olive tree is the main allergen causing pollen allergy. The majority of the surveyed students are allergic to one or two types of plants. The most common symptoms of pollen allergy among its students are the nasal symptoms (sneezing and nasal itching).This study shows that most students have allergies in the spring season. Our study shows also that the cross-reactivity between pollen and food was the most dominant CONCLUSIONS: The high percentage of students allergic to pollen surveyed in the FPBM might be explained by the wealth of the region in vegetation. We suggested that the difference seen beteween female and male is due to physiological and hormonal differences between the sexes. Olive tree was the main allergen ,this can be explained by the richness of the region of Beni-Mellal-Khénifra with this plant. |
| Keywords: | Survey, Pollen allergy, symptoms, FPBM, Olive tree, cross-reactivity |
| JEL: | I10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:4306929&r=ara |
| By: | Mathilde Maurel (FERDI - Fondation pour les Etudes et Recherches sur le Développement International - FERDI, CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Charlemagne Nikiema (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | We examine the role of new decentralized media (the internet) vs old media (television) on individuals’ political engagement in North Africa. Drawing our data from the Afrobarometer round 5 survey, we tackle issues of endogeneity by resorting first to a propensity score matching method to identify the effect of media on political participation. We then address endogeneity by relying to a bivariate probit model while using lightening activity as an instrument for media. The analysis evidences the political power of the internet and TV. Getting news from internet reduces voting but increases protests, while TV watching induces more vote and less protest. This effect is channeled through the impact of media on the perception about political institutions, which differs across the different media. |
| Keywords: | Media, Political Participation, North Africa |
| Date: | 2016–11–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:cesptp:hal-01396055&r=ara |
| By: | albagoury, samar |
| Abstract: | The success of any long term strategy to fight terrorism need to be depend on a deep understanding of the real economic, social and political causes of this phenomenon. In this Paper I try to find out the economic causes that push individuals to engage and participate in those acts. Contrary to what was settled that poverty, unemployment and inadequate education is the suitable environment for raising terrorism, it was found that members of terrorist groups usually descending from middle to high income families with high educational level, members of ISIS in some African and Arab countries couldn’t be classified as poor or illiterate personal. This paper aim to identify the economic causes of terrorism in 35 African countries depending on two hypotheses: the Economic Relative Deprivation hypothesis and Immiserizing Modernization hypothesis, using Generalized Least Square (GLS) Method. The main result of the analysis is favouring the Immiserizing Modernization hypothesis. |
| Keywords: | Terrorism, Immiserizing Modernization, Relative Deprivation. |
| JEL: | F60 O10 |
| Date: | 2016–05–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:74740&r=ara |