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on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Guncavdi, Oner; Kayam, Saime Suna |
| Abstract: | In this study we reveal the structure of exports in an emerging economy, Turkey, to shed light on the impediments not only this country but also other developing countries might face in pursuit of increasing exports to tackle their current account problems. We employ panel data econometrics for estimating exports, labour and imports market specifications simultaneously to address endogeneity issues. The data covers 13 manufacturing industry sectors, 25 main export markets over the period 2000-2011. Our findings reveal that unlike conventional assumptions, export supply is not infinitely elastic, and the supply side of the market plays a critical role in reviving export earnings in Turkey. |
| Keywords: | Export demand and supply; exchange rate policy; Turkey |
| JEL: | F14 F41 O24 |
| Date: | 2016–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:73890&r=ara |
| By: | Xu, Ying; Maitland, Carleen F. |
| Abstract: | In this study, we examine how refugees in the Middle East stay connected through various communication services. Our findings are based on survey data collected in Za'atari Syrian refugee camp in Jordan. First, we find that social media such as WhatsApp and Facebook are used more frequently compared to mobile voice, SMS, Skype and email. Second, the demographic variables of sex and education level were found to be significant predictors in the choice of communication services in Jordan but have no significant effect in explaining past choices in Syria. In Jordan, men are more likely to use mobile voice, Viber and email, and people with higher education tend to use Viber. These findings provide quantitative evidence of the usage behaviors of refugees, providing valuable information for service providers as well as a basis for future research. |
| Keywords: | Internet,Mobile Phone,Refugee Camp,Forced Migration,Information Need,Communication Behavior,Survey Study,Confirmatory Factor Analysis |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itsr15:146337&r=ara |
| By: | Olivier CADOT (Faculté des hautes études commerciales - Université de Lausanne); Patricia AUGIER (FERDI); Marion DOVIS (FERDI) |
| Abstract: | This paper combines a new database on non-tariff measures (NTMs) with Morocco’s firm census to explore the effect of regulatory harmonization with the E.U. on firm-level outcomes. Exploiting cross-sectoral variation in the timing and extent of regulatory harmonization, we find that harmonization waves correlate with rises in labor productivity and with higher markups, allowing self-financing of the adaptation process at the firm level. We identify an induced market-structure change that made the observed rise in markups possible. Namely, harmonization temporarily sheltered the Moroccan market from competition from low-end producers in other developing countries, who took time to adapt. We identified this effect through changes in both trade patterns and firm-level outcomes. Thus, harmonization apparently generated a self-financing adaptation process by affecting both firm-level incentives and market structure.Keywords : Morocco, Trade, Non-Tariff Measures, Firms, Harmonization, Profit, Productivity |
| Keywords: | Morocco; Trade; Non-Tariff Measures; Firms; Harmonization; Profit; Productivity |
| JEL: | F13 F15 |
| Date: | 2016–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fdi:wpaper:3162&r=ara |
| By: | Patricia AUGIER (FERDI); Olivier CADOT (Faculté des hautes études commerciales - Université de Lausanne); Marion DOVIS (FERDI) |
| Abstract: | This paper combines a new database on non-tariff measures (NTMs) with Morocco’s firm census to explore the effect of regulatory harmonization with the E.U. on firm-level outcomes. Exploiting cross-sectoral variation in the timing and extent of regulatory harmonization, we find that harmonization waves correlate with rises in labor productivity and with higher markups, allowing self-financing of the adaptation process at the firm level. We identify an induced market-structure change that made the observed rise in markups possible. Namely, harmonization temporarily sheltered the Moroccan market from competition from low-end producers in other developing countries, who took time to adapt. We identified this effect through changes in both trade patterns and firm-level outcomes. Thus, harmonization apparently generated a self-financing adaptation process by affecting both firm-level incentives and market structure.Keywords : Morocco, Trade, Non-Tariff Measures, Firms, Harmonization, Profit, Productivity |
| Keywords: | Morocco; Trade; Non-Tariff Measures; Firms; Harmonization; Profit; Productivity |
| JEL: | F13 F15 |
| Date: | 2016–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fdi:wpaper:3163&r=ara |
| By: | Ammar Samout (Faculty of Economics and management, University of Sfax); Nejia Nekâa (Faculty of Economics and management, University of Sfax) |
| Abstract: | The exchange rates are at the heart of international economic relations and are an integral part of the everyday landscape of economic agents. The Tunisia like the other country is faced with the problem of determination of the rate of exchange that will allow him to achieve the major balances internal and external. The objective of this research is to explain the rate of exchange to the assistance of a number of explanatory variables to enable managers of the economic policy to appreciate in the time their contribution to economic activity. It is clear from the results of this research that have a positive influence on the equilibrium exchange rate while the external capital and the budgetary deficit have a significant negative impact on the equilibrium exchange rate. |
| Keywords: | monetary mass,Exchange rate,budget deficit,exchange term |
| Date: | 2016–07–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01347659&r=ara |
| By: | Dr. Majid Rafizadeh |
| Abstract: | The more the west and the world reaches out to Iran in an attempt to reintroduce it to the international community, the more Iran finds itself under pressure at home to sustain its revolutionary ideals. |
| Date: | 2016–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qsh:wpaper:454841&r=ara |
| By: | International Monetary Fund. |
| Abstract: | Jordan has maintained macroeconomic stability and undertook significant policy adjustment against a difficult external environment, rising socio-economic tensions, high vulnerabilities, and the hosting of a large number of Syrian refugees. The economy still faces considerable challenges. Economic growth remains below potential, unemployment is high, particularly for youth and women, the refugee crisis is weighing on the economy and public finances, gross public debt has risen to about 93 percent of GDP, the current account deficit is high, and the regional outlook remains challenging. |
| Keywords: | Extended Fund Facility;Fiscal policy;Fiscal reforms;Financial management;Monetary policy;Bank supervision;Anti-money laundering;Combating the financing of terrorism;Economic indicators;Balance of payments statistics;Letters of Intent;Staff Reports;Press releases;Jordan; |
| Date: | 2016–09–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:16/295&r=ara |
| By: | Maya Shames (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - Université Paris 13 - USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Socrat Ghadban (Lebanese University-Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management) |
| Abstract: | Protecting cultural landscapes is about managing the relation between the living heritage and the physical environment. Since the 19th century, scientists are interested in landscapes as field of research because of their distinctive, interconnected natural and cultural values. In Lebanon, cultural landscapes are affected by the ineffective management and protection as well as the inappropriate land uses. Furthermore, sustainable tourism which has merged in the last decade, is still unable to solve the negative impacts caused by mass tourism on the Lebanese cultural landscape. Therefore, for the purpose of improving sustainable tourism management at cultural landscape, this research aims to explore the characteristics of cultural landscape, through the identification of natural and cultural resources, and to assess their management and protection strategies based on an innovative approach in cultural landscape management. Data were gathered based on nine semi-structured interviews with main stakeholders at Maaser El Shouf and Bkassine and two major national tour operators; in addition to the non-participant observations conducted by the researcher to reveal important facts about different aspects of the cultural landscapes selected. The study revealed that the historical identity of the landscapes is negatively affected by the decline of the agriculture sector and the ineffective protection of the intangible heritage. On the other hand, a scoring system was adopted to measure and evaluate the level of sustainable tourism management; it demonstrated a fairly handled management practices for both landscapes with an advanced performance for Maaser El Shouf. |
| Abstract: | La protection des paysages culturels consiste à bien gérer la relation entre l'héritage vivant et l'environnement physique. Dès le 19ème siècle, les chercheurs se sont intéressés par les paysages, grâce à leur aspect distinctif, et leurs valeurs naturelles et culturelles connectées. Au Liban, les paysages culturels sont influencés par la gestion inefficace et l’absence de protection aussi bien que par l’utilisation inappropriée des terrains. En outre, le tourisme durable qui s'est introduit la décennie dernière, ne peut pas toujours résoudre les impacts négatifs causés par le tourisme de masse sur le paysage culturel Libanais. Dans le but d'améliorer la gestion de tourisme durable au paysage culturel, cette recherche vise à explorer les caractéristiques du paysage culturel. D’abord par l'identification des ressources naturelles et culturelles, ensuite, par l’évaluation des stratégies du management et de protection de ces ressources, en se basant sur une approche innovante de gestion du paysage culturel. Les données ont été collectées à partir de neuf entrevues semi-structurées avec les parties prenantes principales à Maaser El Shouf et à Bkassine, ainsi qu’avec deux grands tours opérateurs nationaux. En plus, des observations non-participantes ont été réalisées par le chercheur afin de révéler des aspects importants des paysages culturels étudiés. L'étude a démontré que l'identité historique des paysages est négativement influencée par la baisse du secteur agricole et la protection inefficace de l'héritage intangible. D'autre part, un système de notation, a été adopté pour mesurer et évaluer l’efficacité de gestion de tourisme durable, qui a montré des pratiques assez efficaces de gestion pour les deux paysages avec une performance supérieure pour Maaser El Shouf. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable Tourism,Cultural landscapes,Management,Natural and Cultural Profiling,Tourisme Durable,Paysages culturels,Gestion,Héritage,Profilage Naturel et Culturel |
| Date: | 2016–04–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01343577&r=ara |
| By: | Aït-Yahia Ghidouche Kamila (ENSM - Ecole nationale supérieure de management - pôle universitaire Koléa - Ecole nationale supérieure de management - pôle universitaire Koléa); Irma Kaawach (EHEC Algiers - Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales of Algiers - Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales of Algiers); Faouzi Ghidouche (EHEC Algiers - Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales of Algiers - Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales of Algiers) |
| Abstract: | This contribution is part of the research topic of service-dominant logic in marketing. It enables to understand the process of value co-creation in the case of territorial marketing. This research helps to have a better understanding of the citizen participation approach in the value co-creation, especially in a developing country (Algeria). Its results set up a better knowledge of the relations between citizens and territories, in a marketing practice point of view. Besides, this contribution provides tools for territorial managers to define co-creation strategies according to the motivations, skills and commitment of citizens. We display in this contribution the main results of an empirical study led with the citizens of the city of Algiers. |
| Abstract: | Cette recherche s’inscrit dans le courant de la logique de service dominant du marketing. Elle permet d’appréhender le processus de co-création de valeur dans le cas du marketing territorial. Elle vise à mieux comprendre l’approche de la participation citoyenne à la co-création de valeur, plus particulièrement dans le cas d’un pays en développement (l’Algérie). D’un point de vue académique, les réponses à notre problématique constituent un apport à la connaissance des relations entre les citoyens et les territoires, dans une logique de marketing. Sous l’angle managérial, l’objectif de cette contribution est d’aider les responsables des institutions territoriales à définir de manière plus éclairée la stratégie de co-création à mettre en place en tenant compte des motivations, des compétences et de l’engagement des citoyens. Nous avons exposé dans cette contribution les principaux résultats d’une étude empirique menée auprès des citoyens de la ville d’Alger. |
| Keywords: | Citizen participation,Dominant service logic,Algeria,participation citoyenne,logique de service dominant,co-création,Algérie |
| Date: | 2016–03–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01353623&r=ara |