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on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Kaya, Furkan |
| Abstract: | This paper focuses on minorities in Turkey and influences of Second World War period which caused internal discomforts and inequalities upon Turkish minorities. First i review the position of minorities and contribute the framework for understanding the place of non-Muslim groups in Turkey, their challenges and dissapointments as well. Then try to enlighten effects of Second World War period on Turkish minorities and responses in Turkish society. Basically, Jewish people who escaped from Holocaust, the recruitment process of minorities and economic Turkification period, such as; Welath Tax of 1942 are handled in this article. |
| Keywords: | Minorities, Wealth Tax, Turkey, Jews, |
| JEL: | B00 H2 |
| Date: | 2014–02–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:53617&r=ara |
| By: | Azarhoushang, Behzad; Rukavina, Marko |
| Abstract: | Weak economic performance of most oil rich countries states that natural resources are more curse than blessing for these countries. Resource curse theory examines the negative effects of rich natural resources on economic growth from an economic and political perspective. Since 1960s appreciation of real domestic exchange rate (Dutch Disease) was explained as the main reason for poor economic performance of oil rich countries. But since 1990s, other causes such as long lasting ineffective institutions, corruption and rent seeking are considered to be other major political reasons behind backwardness of most resource rich countries. These political features are the corner stone of Resource Curse theory. In this paper we examine the viability of Resource Curse theory for Iran, Russia and Norway to see whether natural resources are curse or blessing for these countries. Furthermore, we compare main macroeconomic and good governance indicators from 2000 to 2010 of Iran with Turkey and Russia with China to illustrate the negative effects of oil revenue on economic performance. The result of this research shows that institutional quality has vital role in sustainable economic development. Norway as a successful oil rich country shows that efficient institutions can turn natural resource into blessing; while Iran's and Russia's experiences are a clear example of resource curse. -- |
| Keywords: | Resource Curse,Dutch Disease,Iran,Russia,Norway,China,Turkey |
| JEL: | O11 O52 O53 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ipewps:302014&r=ara |
| By: | El-Baz, Osama |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the relationship between current account and government budget balances. We tested the validity of the Twin Deficits Hypothesis (TDH)in Egypt, using annual time series data for the period (1990-2012). We rejected the TDH, as granger causality tests proved a reverse causal relationship running from the current account deficit to the budget deficit. A "twin divergence" was found to exist between the two deficits in the short run, also the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) proved the existence of a negative long run equilibrium relationship between both current account and government budget balances, with a relatively high speed of adjustment toward the equilibrium position; as it takes about one year and 4 months to restore the equilibrium position after divergence occurs. |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomics, twin deficits, Cointegration, Vector Error Correction Model. |
| JEL: | C3 E2 F0 |
| Date: | 2014–02–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:53428&r=ara |
| By: | Defne Mutluer Kurul; S. Tolga Tiryaki |
| Abstract: | [TR] Bu calismada Avrupa Imar ve Kalkinma Bankasi (EBRD) ile Dunya Bankasi (WB) tarafindan ortaklasa yapilan “Is Ortami ve Isletme Performansi Arastirmasi” (BEEPS) sonuclarina dayanilarak firmalarin finansmanina iliskin unsurlar degerlendirilmektedir. Firmalarin kredi piyasasi ve bankacilik sektoruyle iliskisini ortaya koyan istatistikler sergilenerek Turkiye’deki kredi piyasasi talep acisindan degerlendirilmistir. Anket sorularina verilen yanitlardan hareketle kredi kisiti icinde olan firmalarin orani hesaplanmakta, buna ek olarak Turkiye’de firmalarin krediye erisimini belirleyen etkenler incelenmektedir. Calismada, ayrica, kuresel finansal krizin firmalarin finansman imkanlarini nasil etkiledigi arastirilmaktadir. [ER] We study the factors related to the financing of firms, using the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) jointly conducted by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the World Bank (WB). A variety of statistics on the relationship between firms and banks are presented in order to examine the demand side of the credit market in Turkey. Based on survey responses, we calculate the ratio of credit constrained firms in Turkey and also investigate factors influencing firms’ access to credit. In addition, we analyse the impact of the global financial crisis on firms’ access to finance. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tcb:econot:1401&r=ara |
| By: | Huseyin Cagri Akkoyun; Mahmut Gunay |
| Abstract: | [TR] Bir ceyrege iliskin milli gelir verileri gecikmeyle yayimlandigindan buyumeye iliskin zamanli tahmin uretme onem kazanmaktadir. Bu calismada, dinamik faktor modeli yontemi ile reel veriler ve anket gostergelerinden yararlanarak Turkiye ekonomisi icin donemlik milli gelir buyumesine iliskin tahminler elde edilmektedir. PMI ve IYA gibi anket gostergelerinin kullanilmasi ceyrek bitmeden yapilan tahminlerde kayda deger iyilesme saglamaktadir. [ER] GDP figures for a quarter are published with considerable delay. This increases the importance of producing timely forecasts for GDP growth. In this note, we forecast quarter-on-quarter GDP growth rate for Turkish economy using hard and soft data in a dynamic factor model. Using PMI and BTS indicators bring significant improvement in nowcasting performance. |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tcb:econot:1331&r=ara |
| By: | Elasrag, Hussein |
| Abstract: | At present in line with shariah principles several Islamic financial institutions are engaged in product development activities globally to cater the needs of a wide range of parties. However, considering the essentiality for these institutions to innovate and operate within the ambits of shariah, need of the shariah supervision cannot be over stated. This research is focused on the topic of Governance Shariah supervisory system. Among the main issues surround corporate governance in Islamic financial institutions is the role of the Sharia Supervisory). The main role of the Shariah supervisory system is to ensure the compliance of Sharia law along the entire business process. The Shariah supervisory system therefore plays a vital harmonizing role in Islamic banking, particularly with its function as the Sharia-compliance gatekeeper. The paper attempts to discuss these functions in detail and tries to shed a little light on established laws in Malaysia regarding regulations of the Shariah supervisory system and operations of Islamic financial institutions. |
| Keywords: | Corporate governance, Sharia Governance, Sharia Supervisory, Islamic banking, Islamic finance |
| JEL: | E5 E58 G0 G02 G18 G3 G30 |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:53489&r=ara |