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on Agricultural Economics |
| By: | Rajagopal, Devarajen; Nawi, Nolila Mohd; Mazlan, Norida; Hadi, Ahmad Hanis Izani Abdul |
| Abstract: | Pesticides have been widely used in agriculture to manage pests and diseases and sustain crop yield. Nevertheless, chemical pesticide overuse and inappropriate use have caused substantial deterioration of the environment, which includes pollution of soil and water, loss of biodiversity, and higher pesticide residues in food products. Furthermore, long-term pesticide exposure causes a considerable health risk to farmers and consumers. The Malaysian Department of Agriculture responded to these concerns by introducing the Malaysian Good Agricultural Practices (myGAP) certification scheme to promote sustainable agricultural practices. The myGAP framework emphasises safe pesticide management, Maximum Residue Limits compliance, and high-quality agricultural produce that is safe for consumption. Biopesticides are a safer alternative to standard pesticides in this sustainability programme, where they are extracted from natural sources (plants and microorganisms) and act through a medium that is non-toxic or environmentally friendly. Programmes on Integrated Pest Management are extensively incorporated with biopesticide use to decrease reliance on synthetic pesticides while retaining crop efficiency. Biopesticide is especially important in the production of vegetables, where residue safety is essential. Despite their environmental and health benefits, the rate of biopesticide adoption among vegetable farmers in myGAP has continued to be comparatively low, which indicates inherent barriers to farmers’ use intention regarding biopesticide, which should be investigated. This preliminary study aimed to identify the main influencing factors of the intention to use biopesticides among myGAP vegetable farmers in Peninsular Malaysia. A structured questionnaire evaluated the farmers’ intentions regarding biopesticide usage and involved 30 myGAP vegetable farmers. The results demonstrated that 40% of the farmers were young, 70% were middle-aged, 60% had completed secondary school, 74% had a farm income < RM 5, 000, and 53% had < 10 years of farming experiences. Most of the farmers (60%) were small holders with < 3 acres of land holding. The following influencing factors regarding intention were adapted from extended theory plan behaviour and tested for reliability: attitudes (0.83), subjective norms (0.75), perceived behavioural control (0.82), knowledge (0.71), moral norms (0.74), product attributes (0.81) and intention to use biopesticides (0.85). The reliability analysis confirmed that these factors were sufficiently robust for inclusion in the model of myGAP vegetable farmers’ intention to use biopesticides. |
| Keywords: | Institutional and Behavioral Economics |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409064 |
| By: | Mobarok, Mohammad; Thompson, Wyatt; Ghimire, Sujan |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404404 |
| By: | Do, Thi Thanh Duong; Nguyen, Thi Thiem; Luu, Van Duy; Nguyen, Thanh Phong |
| Abstract: | Macadamia has recently emerged as a high-value tree nut crop in tropical and subtropical mountain regions, particularly in the Northwest of Vietnam (including Dien Bien, Son La and Lai Chau province). In Dien Bien province, where agriculture is dominated by smallholder and ethnic minority farming systems, macadamia development is increasingly promoted as a pathway for income diversification, ecological restoration, and climate resilience. However, the rapid expansion of this crop also raises critical sustainability concerns that require systematic assessment. This study evaluates the opportunities and risks associated with sustainable macadamia production in mountain food systems, using a comprehensive analytical framework that integrates environmental, economic, and social dimensions. The research draws on field surveys, stakeholder interviews, and secondary data to assess production performance, livelihood impacts, and ecological implications in Dien Bien province. Key indicators include income generation, land-use efficiency, soil conservation capacity, market integration, and institutional support mechanisms. The findings indicate that macadamia cultivation offers significant opportunities for improving household incomes, particularly when integrated with agroforestry systems. It contributes to soil protection, enhances carbon sequestration potential, and supports the transition toward more climate-resilient farming systems. In addition, the development of value chains and market linkages has begun to create new economic opportunities for local communities. Nevertheless, the study also identifies several major risks. These include market price volatility, limited technical knowledge among farmers, insufficient access to quality planting materials, and weak extension services. Social challenges such as land tenure insecurity and unequal benefit distribution may further constrain sustainable outcomes. From an environmental perspective, inappropriate land conversion and monocropping practices could undermine biodiversity and long-term ecosystem stability. The paper concludes that achieving sustainable macadamia production in mountainous Northwest Vietnam requires integrated policy interventions, strengthened cooperative models, and the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices. Enhancing technical capacity, improving market governance, and ensuring inclusive participation of ethnic minority communities are essential to balance economic benefits with environmental integrity and social equity in the region’s evolving mountain food systems. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409070 |
| By: | Giovanni Generale; Donato Romano; Antonio Scognamillo |
| Abstract: | This paper examines how local price transmission dynamics shape the welfare effects of food price shocks. We study Sri Lanka’s 2022 economic crisis, a compound shock that disrupted rice production, supply chains, and food prices, using a panel of paddy-producing households matched with weekly market-level rice prices. The analysis links two literatures that are usually treated separately: studies of food-price shocks and household welfare, and studies of market integration and price transmission. We estimate a household fixed-effects instrumental-variable model in which retail rice prices are instrumented by the interaction between shock-induced changes in district-level wholesale–retail price-transmission speed, measured by the error-correction term, and predetermined distance from economic centres. The results show that shock-transmitted increases in retail rice prices significantly reduce household food security: a one-rupee increase in retail rice prices lowers the Food Consumption Score by 1.16 points on average. Heterogeneity analyses support the proposed mechanism. The negative effect is concentrated among highly commercialized paddy-producing households, while effects for non-selling and low-selling households are consistently smaller and statistically insignificant. Food-security losses are also concentrated in districts where wholesale–retail pass-through shifted from symmetric to asymmetric adjustment. These findings suggest that market participation may increase vulnerability when retail price increases are not matched by proportional or timely gains at the farmgate level. The paper shows that food-price surges may trigger food insecurity not only through price levels, but also through the way exogenous shocks are transmitted along local value chains. |
| Keywords: | food price spikes, asymmetric price transmission, food security, rice producers, Sri Lanka. |
| JEL: | E31 D43 Q18 Q12 O53 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:frz:wpaper:wp2026_20.rdf |
| By: | Latip, Muhammad Haikal Hakim; Abdullah, Rose |
| Abstract: | Brunei Darussalam is accelerating the modernisation of its agriculture system from input-intensive towards technology-enabled and resource efficient production system to strengthen the domestic supply, reduce import dependence, and advance national targets under Vision 2035. This study synthesises evidence from practitioners and stakeholders to examine how technology-enabled production systems are reshaping the country's agricultural landscape, with specific attention to their relevance for bioeconomy-oriented sustainable food systems. The study documents the emergence and operational realities of controlled-environment and resource-efficient innovations alongside evolving livestock and farm management practices. The analysis shows that agricultural enterprises in Brunei are already experimenting with a diverse portfolio of controlled-environment and resource-efficient innovations such as hydroponics, fertigation, aquaponics, protected cultivation structures and IoT-assisted monitoring farming systems. Findings indicate that these innovations are perceived to improve yield stability, biosecurity, and input-use efficiency, while enabling more standardised and monitorable production processes that can support food safety and supply reliability. However, diffusion is constrained by high upfront costs, skills shortages, maintenance and calibration demands, limited local vendor and after-sales ecosystems, and the absence of clear, enforceable technical standards. Importantly, the study highlights workforce implications: technology adoption is reconfiguring job roles towards higher-demand competencies in data-enabled operations, systems troubleshooting, and compliance-oriented management, creating both new employment opportunities and immediate reskilling pressures. The paper concludes by outlining policy and industry actions: targeted incentives, standards development, extension and capacity-building, and public-private partnerships to strengthen circular/resource-efficient production pathways and future-proof Brunei's agricultural sector within a sustainable food systems and bioeconomy agenda. |
| Keywords: | Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409074 |
| By: | Wilkins, Emma; Dineva, Mariana; Green, Mark Alan (University of Liverpool); Gilthorpe, Mark S (University of Leeds); Johnstone, Alexandra (University of Aberdeen); Morris, Michelle |
| Abstract: | Background Changing our food system to address the dual challenge of population and planetary health requires greater understanding of the environmental sustainability of food products, and how these interplay with healthiness and food cost. Large scale transaction data from supermarket retailers can be used to better understand these factors, and how consumer behaviours contribute to environmental footprints. Methods We used anonymised loyalty card transaction data for 2022 from a major UK supermarket retailer for customers living in the Yorkshire and the Humber region (UK) (>160 million sales). These data were linked with product-level nutrition data to derive a binary indicator of product healthiness (High Fat Salt and/or Sugar (HFSS) status). The sales data were also linked with global estimates for greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), land use, water use per kg. We described environmental impacts (GHGE, land and water use, and a composite of these domains) of food categories according to the Living Costs and Food Survey categories (n = 64), operationalised as unit metrics (per kg) and sales footprints (accounting for the weight of each product sold). We explored the interplay between product healthiness, cost per kg and environmental impact using visualisation methods. Findings For the composite index, the food categories with the highest sales footprints were Beef, Cheese and Curd, Milk, Ready Meals and Chocolate. Category rankings were substantively different when operationalised as impact per kg versus sales footprints, and for GHGE, land use and water use separately. Products that were less healthy and high environmental impact per kg had a median cost per kg that was 350% higher than healthier and low impact products, but there was wide variability in food cost across all levels of healthiness and impact. Fruits and vegetables tended to have favourable profiles across healthiness, sustainability and cost domains. Interpretation Sales footprints and unit metrics (e.g. per kg) provide different lenses, which are both needed to understand the sustainability of our food system at a product level, and should be considered in data-focussed policy to drive population and planetary health. Policy should support initiatives to minimise discretionary food consumption, particularly chocolate, and increase fruit and vegetable consumption to improve both human and planetary health. Funding This work was part of the FIO-Food project, funded through the Transforming the UK Food System for Healthy People and a Healthy Environment SPF Programme, delivered by UKRI, in partnership with the Global Food Security Programme, BBSRC, ESRC, MRC, NERC, Defra, DHSC, OHID, Innovate UK and FSA (FIO-Food award: BB/W018021/1). |
| Date: | 2026–08–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:28puq_v2 |
| By: | Pham, Dung Van; Napasintuwong, Orachos |
| Abstract: | Southeast Asia faces increasing food security challenges arising from rapid urbanization, rising food prices, and low productivity growth. While Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) policies are widely promoted as a cornerstone for transforming agrifood systems, inadequate evidence of how specific STI interventions translate into measurable food security outcomes explains uneven impacts and raises concerns about inefficient resource allocation. This paper aims to comparatively assess the achievements of food security outcomes under the agri-food STI policy implementation across the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states. Data were collected from international and national available sources and analyzed based on a framework of impact assessment. The findings reveal substantial heterogeneity in STI capacities and their effectiveness in improving food security. Malaysia and Vietnam emerged as the strongest performers overall, supported by relatively robust innovation systems, higher food access, and improved utilization outcomes. Vietnam, in particular, demonstrated the most effective transformation of agri-food STI inputs into outcomes, achieving the highest agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) growth and gains in food production and nutrition indicators. Indonesia showed large-scale agricultural output and innovation activity but exhibited fragmentation and underutilization of its research capacity. Thailand maintained stable production and affordability; however, the country faced persistent challenges in nutrition and food utilization. The Philippines had low growth due to limited agri-food STI investment, weaker human capital, and higher vulnerability to external shocks. Across all countries, food stability and nutrition-related outcomes remain the weakest dimensions, highlighting the limitations of production-oriented STI approaches. The results suggest that agri-food STI policies contribute most effectively to food security if they are well-coordinated, adequately funded, and aligned with inclusive objectives. Strengthening governance, enhancing human capital, and rebalancing STI strategies toward resilience and equity are critical for achieving sustainable food security in ASEAN. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409062 |
| By: | Kulkarni, Kedar; Raghavendra, Srinivas |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404576 |
| By: | Cho, Whoi; Sarasty Miranda, Oscar; Wang, Tong |
| Keywords: | Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404790 |
| By: | Grugni, Elisa; Bazzana, Davide; Guerini, Mattia |
| Abstract: | Carbon farming comprises land-use practices that enhance carbon sequestration and reduce greenhouse gas emissions while improving soil quality and long-term agricultural sustainability. Despite its potential as a naturebased solution to climate change, its large-scale adoption is hindered by high upfront costs, monitoring challenges, and carbon permanence risks. This paper develops an agent-based model to study the adoption dynamics of carbon farming under alternative policy designs. Farmers allocate land across different agricultural practices, including conventional farming, crop rotation, and afforestation, each characterized by distinct economic and environmental implications. The model is used as a laboratory to study the agricultural transition under different incentive mechanisms: action-based subsidies, result-based payments linked to carbon sequestration, and hybrid mechanisms. Simulation results highlight important trade-offs. Action-based subsidies promote rapid adoption but may increase policy costs and threaten food production. Result-based schemes ensure economic sustainability but generate weaker environmental improvements. The paper provides policy-relevant insights into how incentive design shapes the diffusion and effectiveness of carbon farming, contributing to the debate on climate policy within the EU agricultural sector. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Sustainability |
| Date: | 2026–09–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:feemwp:410239 |
| By: | Giordana Sabella; Tulia Gattone; Donato Romano; Luca Tiberti |
| Abstract: | This paper examines how climatic shocks affect conflict risk across heterogeneous livelihood systems in four rain-fed, agriculture-dependent West African economies – Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, and Côte d’Ivoire – over 2010–2023. Combining geocoded household panel data with high-resolution climate anomalies and conflict events, we estimate the effect of growing-season droughts and excess rainfall on post-harvest conflict incidence. Results show strong spatial and livelihood heterogeneity driven by the interaction between household and local livelihood structures: droughts increase conflict risk in mixed-livelihood areas in Burkina Faso and Côte d’Ivoire, in pastoral-dominated areas in Nigeria irrespective of household type, and in farm-dominated systems in Niger, while wet anomalies display more context-dependent effects, reducing conflict under moderate conditions but increasing tensions under extreme rainfall in mixed and flood-prone areas. We document transmission channels consistent with the opportunity cost mechanism – through lower agricultural productivity, reduced farm revenues, and labor reallocation away from off-farm activities – showing that climate-induced income shocks erode livelihood viability. By linking micro-level climatic stress to localized conflict outcomes, the paper highlights the moderating role of agrarian structure in shaping vulnerability to climate change and underscores the need for adaptation and social-protection policies tailored to specific livelihood systems. |
| Keywords: | Climate change; Conflict; Livelihood systems; West Africa. |
| JEL: | Q54 Q15 C33 D74 O13 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:frz:wpaper:wp2026_08.rdf |
| By: | Ghimire, Sujan; Meyer, Seth; Thompson, Wyatt |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404786 |
| By: | Aye, Thandar; Lynn, Honey Lynn; Moe, Myint Myat; Kyaw, Ei Han; Tun, Yu Yu |
| Abstract: | In Myanmar, major oilseed crops are sesame, groundnut and sunflower. They are important crops due to high domestic consumption, generating export income and creating employment opportunities in the country. Among these major oilseed crops, groundnut is an economically important crop that provides raw materials for the value addition and enhances regional economic growth. In Myanmar, groundnut contributes to economic development and domestic edible oil sufficiency. A groundnut value chain involves different stakeholders who hold the different commodities and their profits are different. Among these stakeholders, farmers typically sell their marketed-end products either raw pods (with shell) or lone san (without shell). Therefore, this study examined the groundnut marketing flows and the profitability of each marketed-end product by sample groundnut farmers in Magway region, a major oilseed crop producing area. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from 118 sample groundnut farmers using purposive and random sampling methods. Results of this study showed that there were two marketed-end products by sample groundnut farmers: pods (with shell) and lone san (without shell). Among a total of 118 sample groundnut farmers in growing season, 106 sample groundnut farmers sold their end product as pods while 12 sample groundnut farmers sold as lone san to various stakeholders along the flows of their marketed-end products. The gross benefit of pod production was 3, 831, 191 MMK/ha while that of lone san production was 5, 101, 563 MMK/ha, respectively. The benefit-cost ratio of pod production was 1.45 while lone san selling by sample groundnut farmers received higher ratio 1.79. The findings indicated that farmers received profits from both products but lone san production was more profitable. Despite incurring hulling costs, farmers received higher market prices and profits for lone san product. The study concluded that lone san production in Magway township is a profitable enterprise with potential for increasing farmers’ income and economic growth. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409067 |
| By: | Thein, Aung Min; Tun, Yu Yu; Than, Thida; Myint, San Shwe; Oo, Soe Paing |
| Abstract: | Rubber is an important industrial crop, as about 70% of natural rubber is used in tyre production. In Myanmar, rubber was cultivated around the country except Magway Region while Mon State is the largest rubber plantation. Mudon Township was selected as the study area because 98% of its rubber farmers were smallholders, making it one of the most representative regions in Mon State. This study aimed to analyze awareness index and adoption potential of Sustainable Natural Rubber (SNR) guidelines of sample smallholder rubber farmers during 2024-2025 rubber production season. These guidelines were initiated in 2016 and are essential for sustainable rubber production, improve yield through good agricultural practices, supporting smallholder livelihoods, enhancing environmental protection and economic growth. A total of 150 sample rubber farmers from five villages in Mudon Township were selected by purposive and simple random sampling methods and interviewed with structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, awareness index and adoption potential analysis were used as analytical tools. The results indicated that the majority of rubber farmers had medium awareness index on SNR guidelines (73.33%), followed by high awareness (24.67%), while only (2.00%) exhibited low awareness level. In adoption potential, most farmers fall under the medium adoption potential category (77.33%), (13.33%) showed high adoption potential and (9.33%) remaining at a low adoption potential level. To enhance farmers awareness and adoption potential on SNR guidelines, it is recommended that government agencies and non-government organization should collaborate for provision of rubber farmers in capacity building programs, such as regular training, field demonstrations, workshops and particularly focusing on extension support to improve adoption of SNR guideline. In addition, financial and institutional support mechanisms should also be enhanced. Providing access to credit, subsidies for recommended inputs, and market incentive for adopting sustainable practices can encourage farmers to transition from traditional methods to SNR standard practices. |
| Keywords: | Institutional and Behavioral Economics |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409065 |
| By: | Choi, Hyeon Dong; Yu, Jisang |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404330 |
| By: | Wätzold, Marlene Yu Lilin; Wollni, Meike |
| Abstract: | Voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) are expected to improve smallholder livelihoods, yet past research finds that their effects vary substantially across contexts. VSS typically operate through group certification, which is often initiated and managed by midstream buyers acting as certificate holders. These buyers are responsible for organizing certification-related activities and ensuring farmer compliance, but they differ in their size, capacities and resources. Such differences may help explain why farmers benefit from VSS to varying degrees. While the literature increasingly recognizes the importance of buyer heterogeneity, quantitative evidence on whether and how it shapes farmer outcomes remains limited. Drawing on a unique three-wave panel dataset (t=2022; 2023; 2024) from Rwanda’s coffee sector covering 845 coffee-producing households, combined with information from 48 midstream buyers to whom these farmers supply coffee, to our knowledge, our study provides the first empirical quantitative evidence on these relationships. The results from the inverse probability weighted generalized linear model show that the relationship between VSS and economic outcomes - yield, prices and profits - varies depending on several midstream buyer characteristics. In particular, certification is associated with higher yield, profit gains and partially prices, when the buyer’s manager has characteristics related to their local credibility and social standing, and when certified buyers operate at a larger scale. Our findings highlight that midstream buyer characteristics are associated with heterogeneity in VSS outcomes for farmers, suggesting that analyses and policy discussions on VSS effectiveness should pay greater attention to these supply chain actors. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Sustainability |
| Date: | 2026–08–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gausfs:410238 |
| By: | Zelda Brutti; Maria Chiara Cecchetti; Marzia Freo; Gian Luca Landi; Gianluca Stefani |
| Abstract: | The greening of the Common Agricultural Policy has faced criticism in both ex-ante and ex-post evaluation analyses. Positioning itself within this latter strand of literature, our study provides further evidence on the impact of the crop diversification requirement under the greening on the local environmental performance and land-use practices. Exploiting the discontinuity in eligibility criteria at 10 and 30 hectares, we apply a fuzzy regression discontinuity design to a detailed georeferenced dataset for Tuscany (Italy). The data also allows to assess innovative crop-rotation indicators as an indirect measure of environmental performance. The results show that crop diversification supported the intended changes in land-use patterns, generating local environmental benefits particularly among small and medium-sized farms. However, no significant effects emerge for larger farms. Additionally, the findings indicate a positive relationship between diversification and rotation practices, suggesting potential policy implications in which diversification can be leveraged to promote crop rotation. |
| Keywords: | Common Agricultural Policy, Green Payments, Crop Diversification, Crop Rotation, Regression Discontinuity Design |
| JEL: | O18 Q12 Q18 Q58 R52 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:frz:wpaper:wp2026_17.rdf |
| By: | Razak, Shazrul Ekhmar Abdul; Sevasamy, Amerul Rasshiq Muhammad Syazwi; Ayzan, Muhammad Adam Khairul; Buda, Mark |
| Abstract: | Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) has been introduced as a sustainable aquaculture system that integrates fed species, such as fish or shrimp, with extractive species, such as seaweed, mussels or crabs. This system has the potential to reduce nutrient waste, improve water quality, diversify farm income and support a more resource-efficient aquaculture sector. Despite the benefits, IMTA adoption remains relatively low among aquaculture farmers in Malaysia. This study examines aquaculture farmers’ knowledge, attitude and perception toward IMTA adoption, with emphasis on farmers in the central region of Peninsular Malaysia. A quantitative survey was conducted using a questionnaire distribution between August and October 2025. A total of 66 usable responses was obtained from aquaculture farmers. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, index analysis and binary logistic regression. The findings show that farmers’ knowledge of IMTA was still limited, with 37.9% classified at the low knowledge level and 36.4% at the moderate level. Contrastingly, farmers showed a highly favourable attitude toward IMTA, with 84.8% classified at the high attitude level. Their perception was mostly moderate, indicating that farmers recognised the potential benefits of IMTA but remained cautious about practical implementation. In terms of adoption intention, 62.1% of respondents indicated that they intended to adopt IMTA. The logistic regression result further shows that attitude and perception were significant predictors of intention to adopt IMTA, while knowledge was not significant. The findings suggest that IMTA promotion in Malaysia should not only focus on knowledge only, but also on practical training, demonstration farms and clear technical support to improve farmers’ confidence in adopting the system. |
| Keywords: | Institutional and Behavioral Economics |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409063 |
| By: | Gustavo Bittencourt Machado (UFBA - Universidade Federal da Bahia = Federal University of Bahia); Shirley Barreto Mota (UFBA - Universidade Federal da Bahia = Federal University of Bahia); Iasmin Anunciação Santos (UFBA - Universidade Federal da Bahia = Federal University of Bahia); Marcus Vinicius Borges Souza (UFBA - Universidade Federal da Bahia = Federal University of Bahia) |
| Abstract: | This paper, called Dynamics of family agricultural production systems in the semiarid sertão of Bahia, Brazil, is based on the Agrarian System Analyze-diagnostic Method to calculate the agricultural and non-agricultural incomes from the family agriculture in the Municipality of Pintadas, semiarid sertão of Bahia. The aim is to comprehend how the production subsystems integrate with each other and into the market under the family management unit. The economic results are translated to agricultural and non-agricultural incomes of family farmers, classified in their amplified reproduction level in four studied types when the total incomes are considered, and, in three cases, the agricultural production systems are classified in the amplified reproduction level and, in one case, in the simple reproduction level, considering only the agricultural income. The empirical research is based on theoretical reflections that are related to the studied object and demonstrates the arguments and conclusive affirmations with emphasis on the direct qualified interviews in the field with the family farmers, cooperative managers, and public managers, using the interviews by videoconference. |
| Abstract: | Cet article, intitulé Dynamique des systèmes de production agricole familiale dans le sertão semi-aride de Bahia, Brésil, s'appuie sur la méthode d'analyse diagnostic des systèmes agraires pour calculer les revenus agricoles et non agricoles de l'agriculture familiale dans la municipalité de Pintadas, située dans le sertão semi-aride de l´état de Bahia. L'objectif est de comprendre comment les sous-systèmes de production s'intègrent entre eux et au marché au sein de l'unité de gestion familiale. Les résultats économiques sont traduits en revenus agricoles et non agricoles des agriculteurs familiaux, classés selon leur niveau de reproduction amplifié en quatre types étudiés, lorsque les revenus totaux sont pris en compte. Dans trois cas, les systèmes de production agricole sont classés au niveau de reproduction amplifié et, dans un cas, au niveau de reproduction simple, en ne considérant que le revenu agricole. La recherche empirique est basée sur des réflexions théoriques liées à l'objet étudié et démontre les arguments et les conclusions en mettant l'accent sur les entretiens directs qualifiés menés sur le terrain auprès des agriculteurs familiaux, des gestionnaires de coopératives et des gestionnaires publics, au moyen d'entretiens par vidéoconférence. |
| Keywords: | agricultural and non-agricultural incomes, family agriculture, semiarid sertão, agricultural production system, système de production agricole, sertão semiaride, agriculture familiale, revenus agricoles e non-agricoles |
| Date: | 2026–06–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05656638 |
| By: | Sangkumchaliang, Parichard; Sriprachote, Anongnat; Phontusang, Porntip; Saepaisan, Suwita |
| Abstract: | Coffee is a globally significant economic crop and a major commodity in international agricultural trade. In Northeastern Thailand, Loei Province has emerged as a primary hub for Robusta coffee cultivation, contributing to local economic resilience as farmers pivot from traditional crops like sugarcane and rubber. This research investigates farmer profiles, production management practices, and market channels of Robusta coffee farmers in Loei Province. The study utilized a survey of 39 farmers, revealing that the majority are experienced practitioners (average age 51 years) who primarily cultivate coffee as a secondary occupation (82.10%). Financial investment is largely self-funded (71.80%), while knowledge acquisition relies heavily on peer-to-peer advice (54.80%). Strategic motivations include income generation (18.60%) and the utilization of vacant land (15.50%). Regarding production management, the study identifies a significant reliance on rainfall (79.50%) and a high prevalence of pest infestations (87.20%), particularly stem and berry borers. Furthermore, a critical gap in quality control was observed, as 87.20% of farmers do not measure moisture content, leading to a 64.5% defect rate in coffee beans. In terms of marketing, most produce is sold as green beans (91.0%), with a notable price disparity between middlemen (65 THB/kg) and community enterprises (120 THB/kg). The findings suggest that while Loei holds strong potential, policy interventions are required to improve irrigation infrastructure, enhance pest management, and strengthen community-based value chains to meet national productivity targets and international quality standards. |
| Keywords: | Marketing |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409069 |
| By: | Ifada, Felix I.; E., Uma K. |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the importance of new technology in Nigeria’s agricultural and manufacturing sectors. Data were obtained mainly from online sources, libraries, and textbooks, while the analysis employed descriptive statements, tables, and charts. The comparative analysis shows that the adoption of new technology in agriculture and manufacturing has improved production possibilities in selected countries, including the United States of America, China, and Brazil, particularly in the production of crops such as maize, wheat, and rice. Nigeria’s agricultural production, however, remains comparatively low. The study recommends the aggressive adoption of modern technology, improved technological know-how, and the mechanisation of the agricultural and manufacturing sectors. It also recommends that the government provide an enabling environment and adequate facilities to encourage unemployed youths to participate in agriculture and improve food production. |
| Date: | 2026–08–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:wda8n_v1 |
| By: | Boss, Ruchira; Hoddinott, John; Colen, Liesbeth |
| Abstract: | Clean cooking policies are often promoted as a way to improve women’s welfare by reducing time spent cooking. Yet it remains unclear whether a shift to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and its sustained use, translates into meaningful reductions in women’s cooking time, or whether it instead reshapes how households prepare food. Using household survey data from Indigenous communities in Nagaland, India, this paper examines clean fuel transitions in a remote and under-studied region where firewood use and boiling-based cooking practices remain culturally embedded. We analyse these relationships through the lens of women’s occupational roles, recognising that differences in work schedules, flexibility, and income stability may influence LPG adoption and LPG use intensity. We find that women in salaried and self-employed occupations use LPG significantly more intensively than farmers and homemakers. Instrumental variable estimates show no robust evidence that exclusive LPG use reduces total cooking time. Instead, LPG use is associated with higher edible oil consumption, suggesting that clean fuel transitions may reshape food preparation practices rather than reduce cooking duration. These findings challenge the assumption that clean cooking benefits women primarily through time savings and highlight the importance of women’s livelihoods and local food contexts in shaping household energy transitions and their implications for diets, nutrition and well-being. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Labor and Human Capital |
| Date: | 2026–08–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gausfs:410237 |
| By: | Balestri, Sara; Crippa, Andrea; Pieroni, Luca |
| Abstract: | This paper examines food-security dynamics in Sub-Saharan Africa using a Hidden Markov Model and harmonized LSMS-ISA panel data for Ethiopia, Malawi, and Nigeria across four survey waves. We model household dietary diversity as an observed indicator of an underlying food-security regime and study how early drought exposure shapes transitions between latent states. Climate stress is measured using an early drought-warning indicator based on the 3-month Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index. Model selection identifies two regimes based on low and high dietary diversity. Transitions are strongly asymmetric: households in the high-diversity state show high persistence, with a probability of 0.92 of remaining there, whereas one in three food-insecure households fails to transition upward, pointing to a structurally disadvantaged subset requiring targeted intervention. Early drought exposure is associated with a 9.8 percentage-point lower probability of belonging to the high-diversity state. Female-headed households are 5.9 percentage points less likely to belong to that state, whereas urban households are 20.6 percentage points more likely. The results are robust to different estimators, alternative SPEI accumulation periods, a drought-onset indicator, crop-adjusted drought exposure, and an alternative binary HDDS outcome defined relative to the country-specific median. Subnational estimates reveal substantial spatial heterogeneity in drought effects. The findings support food policies that link early-warning systems to adaptive safety nets, rural market access, and geographically targeted interventions. |
| Keywords: | Food security, Latent variable, Climate change, Drought, Africa |
| JEL: | C33 I32 O1 Q18 |
| Date: | 2026–06–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:129681 |
| By: | Lamdap, Kanyarat; Praneetvatakul, Suwanna; Sayruamyat, Suwanna |
| Abstract: | This study examines the determinants of farmers’ adoption of Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) standards within the Trat Rubber Cooperative in Thailand. Using survey data from 120 smallholder farmers, a logit model is employed to analyze how economic, institutional, and behavioral factors influence adoption decisions. The results show that cost-related factors are the primary drivers of adoption. In particular, higher chemical input costs significantly reduce the likelihood of adoption, highlighting the importance of cost-reduction mechanisms. In contrast, the price differential (price premium) exhibits a negative effect, suggesting that adoption decisions are influenced more by perceived and bundled benefits than by price incentives alone. Institutional factors also play a critical role, as farmers located farther from markets are still willing to participate when cooperative benefits outweigh additional costs. Behavioral factors, especially pro-environmental perceptions, further increase the probability of adoption. Importantly, the findings reveal that adoption is not solely an individual decision but is strongly shaped by collective and institutional contexts. Many farmers are willing to adopt FSC but are constrained by group-level participation, emphasizing the role of cooperatives in enabling access to certification. These findings suggest that policies focusing only on price incentives are insufficient. Instead, effective strategies should prioritize cost reduction, long-term institutional support, and collective action mechanisms to overcome structural barriers and promote sustainable adoption among smallholders. |
| Keywords: | Institutional and Behavioral Economics |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409068 |
| By: | Tulia Gattone; Donato Romano; Luca Tiberti |
| Abstract: | This study seeks to provide empirical validation of the conceptual framework set by Romano et al. (2025) in which climate variability influences conflict through agricultural and market-mediated channels. Climate variability, measured via the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), is linked to crop yields, crop commercialization, household consumption, and conflict outcomes. All models draw on socio-economic data from the World Bank LSMS-ISA project (waves 1–3, 2010–2016), which allows us to examine how changes in SPEI may translate into shifts in agricultural productivity, market participation, and household welfare. Our empirical strategy proceeds in three stages. We begin by testing the basic structure of the hypothesized relationships through a set of predictive machine learning (ML) models. The core specification relies on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), while Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, and Naive Bayes serve as complementary models to check whether the predictive power of the agricultural channel appears consistently across algorithms. In the second stage, we draw on wave 4 of the LSMS-ISA (2018 to 2019) as out-of-sample testing data and employ a stepwise ANN model. This design allows us to examine whether variation in crop yields mediates the effect of SPEI on conflict-related outcomes. In the final stage, we move from prediction to causal inference. Here, we apply Causal Forest, followed by Double ML as a robustness check, to identify heterogeneous effects and to assign substantive meaning to the relationships that earlier predictive models had revealed. Our results point toward a climate–conflict relationship shaped by nonlinearities, mediation through agricultural performance, and marked variation across local economic conditions. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, conflict, agrifood system, machine learning, artificial neural networks |
| JEL: | Q54 Q12 D74 C45 C53 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:frz:wpaper:wp2026_10.rdf |
| By: | Liu, Jing; Chepeliev, Maksym; Gatto, Alessandro |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404585 |
| By: | Giri, Anil; Spalding, Ashley; Subedi, Dipak |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404311 |
| By: | Wongpit, Piya; Syphoxay, Pakaiphone |
| Abstract: | Lao People’s Democratic Republic faces increasing exposure to climate-related risks, including floods, droughts, and extreme weather events that disproportionately affect rural households and smallholder farmers. Despite these vulnerabilities, access to formal risk transfer mechanisms remains limited. This study provides a diagnostic assessment of microinsurance development in Lao PDR, focusing on supply-side constraints, demand-side barriers, and the enabling policy environment. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining desk review, key informant interviews, and a household survey of 465 rural respondents across four provinces. The findings indicate that microinsurance penetration remains low. Key supply-side challenges include the absence of a dedicated regulatory framework, limited actuarial data, high transaction costs, and weak institutional coordination. On the demand side, low financial literacy, affordability constraints, and reliance on informal coping mechanisms hinder uptake, despite strong awareness of agricultural risks and expressed willingness to participate in insurance schemes. Existing products are largely limited to credit- and deposit-linked life insurance, with minimal development of agricultural and disaster risk coverage. The study identifies a significant protection gap and underscores the need for integrated policy reforms, digital innovation, and public–private partnerships to scale inclusive insurance solutions and enhance climate resilience. |
| Keywords: | Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409072 |
| By: | Fu, Yufei; Boys, Kathryn; Cengiz, Ezgi |
| Keywords: | Marketing |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404766 |
| By: | Picciotto, Isabelle; Vourazeris, Kelsey |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404361 |
| By: | Ashima Goyal (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research); Anas Khan (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research) |
| Abstract: | Tomato, onion, and potato (TOP) prices are a recurrent source of food inflation in India. In this paper, we ask whether market depth attenuates the pass-through from rainfall shocks to TOP inflation. We build a monthly district panel from queue-based Agmarknet downloads for 2018-2025, combine it with IMD rainfall and district eNAM mandi counts, and estimate district and month-year fixed-effects models. The main TOP composite uses 253 districts with at least 60 months of price coverage for all three crops. Contemporaneous excess rainfall raises TOP inflation by about 0.011 log points, with a further 0.010 log-point effect after one month. Denser mandi networks weaken this pass-through in continuous-rainfall specifications, marginal-effects calculations, onion regressions, and specifications based on TOP-trading mandis. State reform scores also attenuate excess-rainfall pass-through, while startup-stock interactions do not survive in the broader sample, consistent with startup ecosystems not yet having reached the scale needed to buffer local price shocks. The broader evidence therefore points to market depth and reform quality, rather than startup accumulation alone, as the more credible buffers against TOP price shocks. |
| Keywords: | food inflation, rainfall shocks, eNAM, mandi density, agricultural markets, India |
| JEL: | Q13 Q18 Q54 E31 |
| Date: | 2026–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ind:igiwpp:2026-014 |
| By: | Isabelle Tsakok |
| Abstract: | Africa today remains far from food secure. Chronic malnutrition, widespread anemia among women of childbearing age, stunting and wasting among young children, pervasive underemployment in both rural and urban areas, and a youth bulge frustrated by high unemployment are key features of a continent that is seriously off track with respect to the SDG deadline: only 6% of SDGs have been implemented (Mo Ibrahim Forum, 2025). Despite this dismal progress, Africa can still achieve “The Africa We Want” under Agenda 2063. Africans aspire to a continent characterized by shared prosperity and well-being (see Annex 1). What should the leadership do? In a world marked by instability and repeated climate-related shocks, the Mo Ibrahim Forum (2025) calls for a critical assessment of the current “business-as-usual” approach and a decisive shift in direction. Specifically, according to the Mo Ibrahim Forum, a highly indebted Africa must prioritize governance, the rule of law, and security. Key policy actions include promoting a positive incentive system to attract private investment, both domestic and foreign; mobilizingsubstantial domestic financial resources currently lost through billions in illicit financial flows; implementing the AfCFTA; and investing in infrastructure (both hardware and software, including human capital) required to support an inclusive and sustainable development path. Given that higher productivity and more resilient agriculture are essential for improved food security in a continent still heavily dependent on agriculture, sustained investment in the sector—leveraging the AfCFTA—can transform Africa’s food security prospects. |
| Date: | 2026–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ocp:rpcoen:pp_16-26 |
| By: | Peng, Rundong; Luke, Jaime; Ortega, David |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404365 |
| By: | Maximilian Huppertz (Bank of England) |
| Abstract: | It is well established that climate change affects productivity, but its effects on trade costs have not been studied. I combine international trade and weather data covering 190 years. I use an augmented gravity framework to show that rising temperatures at the origin or destination country increase bilateral trade costs. Adaptation to these impacts is slow. The impact appears to be driven by the vulnerability of sea ports to climate change. Combining these results with a standard international trade model, I find that 2010s welfare would increase by 1.6 percent if we could undo the impact of climate change on trade cost over the preceding 100 years. Welfare gains depend not only on countries' own climate trends, but also on their neighbours' trajectories. Poor and rich countries are roughly equally harmed. Smaller economies, which are more reliant on international trade, are especially affected. Ignoring this trade cost channel and focusing only on productivity effects leads to a 9% underestimate of the welfare impact of climate change. Because it is based on a gravity framework, my methodology can easily be embedded in studies of the impact of climate change. |
| Keywords: | Climate change;international trade;sea ports;welfare impacts;adaptation |
| JEL: | Q54 Q56 F18 |
| Date: | 2025–12–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boe:boeewp:023282 |
| By: | Fan, Linlin; Liu, Yizao; Wang, Xiaofei |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404567 |
| By: | Nian, Yefan; Jiang, Qi; Lu, Peng; Qu, Shuyang |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404799 |
| By: | Toby C. Monsod (School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman) |
| Abstract: | We set out to understand the resource requirements of the Philippines’ low carbon transition, the sources of low carbon finance, and the chances that supply of low carbon finance will be responsive to demand at scale. We find that the country will require an initial USD 94.2 billion for measures that are expected to contribute an emissions reduction of 990mmtCO2e out of a pledged 2505 mmtCO2e, or 39.5 percent of the country’s Nationally Determined Contribution, and that private and public capital are expected to cover this amount in a 63 - 37% split. We determine that prospects are relatively high for an overwhelming 95.4% of the required amount, an assessment that rests on the positive market response to energy sector initiatives and management, and hinges critically on the government’s ability to extract pre-requisite transmission investments from its privately-owned transmission service provider in a timely manner. For 1.8%, prospects are fair and involve technologies dependent on nascent markets or behavioral change, such as accepting Energy Efficiency as the “first fuel†in the energy mix and all that this implies. For the remaining 2.8%, prospects are low, hindered by governance dysfunctions that have long-undermined efficiency in the agriculture, waste and road-based public transport sectors. While representing just 2.8% of the required amount, these programs and measures account for 30% of the 990 mmtCO2e emissions reduction targeted and, more importantly, feed into or coincide with food and water security strategies prioritized under the country’s climate change adaptation plan. Securing the 2.8% is not optional in other words. Thus, fixing institutions is the first and most important finance strategy moving forward. |
| Keywords: | low carbon transition; low carbon finance; green finance; Philippines’ Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC); governance |
| JEL: | Q54 Q58 Q01 O20 O16 O53 |
| Date: | 2026–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phs:dpaper:202605 |
| By: | Remy Levin; Daniela Vidart |
| Abstract: | We design a method for measuring the risk preferences of agents in the deep past. The method combines a structural model of crop choice as a portfolio allocation with machine-learning prediction of expected crop returns, using historic agronomic and climate data. We estimate county-level risk preferences for the United States and farmer-level preferences in Kansas from 1889 to 1929. More risk averse farmers leveraged less, were less likely to purchase novel WWI Liberty Bonds, and were more likely to participate in local risk-sharing institutions. We show that higher risk aversion predicts slower tractor adoption and farm mechanization during the 1920s. |
| JEL: | D81 G11 N51 N52 O13 Q12 Z10 |
| Date: | 2026–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:35634 |
| By: | Ferrini, Silvia; Reas, Vittoria; Bartolini, Alice; Ekins, Paul; Grice, Joe |
| Abstract: | This paper addresses some of the issues involved in expanding national accounts to include natural capital, focusing on services provided by freshwater ecosystems. It examines valuation challenges and opportunities in light of evolving global frameworks like the UN’s System of Environmental Accounting – Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EA), now adopted by over 90 countries. We explore suitable economic valuation methods for key categories of Water Ecosystem Services (WES), i.e., provisioning, regulating, and cultural services, as well as and their integration into UK accounting and water management systems. We assess the applicability of SEEA EA compliant valuation methods for WES by combining a top down and a bottom-up approaches. The goal is to evaluate how these methods have been applied empirically, their alignment with accounting principles, and their feasibility for UK WES accounts. Our findings inform the practical use of SEEA EA valuation hierarchy and help identify suitable methods for UK implementation. |
| Keywords: | ecosystem services; water; natural capital accounts; valuation |
| JEL: | Q21 Q25 Q56 |
| Date: | 2025–06–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eoe:escoed:escoe-dp-2025-06 |
| By: | Alcantara, Reymark; Che, Yuyuan; Qi, Zijian; Gallardo, Roberto |
| Keywords: | Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404417 |
| By: | Chiara Livorno; Luca Tiberti |
| Abstract: | Weather shocks are frequently associated with heightened violence in agro-pastoral regions, yet the social processes linking weather-induced livelihood pressure to conflict remain insufficiently understood. This study examines whether spatial configurations of community lineages are associated with variation in community-level conflict responses to localized drought shocks. Across West Africa (1997–2022), we combine spatial panel data on drought exposure, conflict events, and the ancestral geography of lineage ties. We find that, conditional on ancestrally connected locations remaining climatically unaffected, drought exposure is associated with a 20-percentage-point lower predicted conflict incidence in clusters embedded in extended lineage networks relative to otherwise comparable clusters with more localized lineage structures. These patterns are consistent with a mechanism whereby social and institutional linkages formed across space condition access to nonlocal support and mobility-based adaptive capacity when climatic conditions deteriorate locally but not covariately. Complementary household panel data from Mali (2018–2021) show that households linked to spatially extended lineage networks experience smaller contractions in annual food expenditures and family remittance inflows following drought shocks. Overall, the findings highlight how historically constituted institutions connecting households across space are associated with differential responses to localized weather shocks in contexts where formal protection remains limited. |
| Keywords: | Extended kinship, informal risk-sharing, conflict, weather shocks, Western Africa. |
| JEL: | Q54 Z13 D74 N47 O13 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:frz:wpaper:wp2026_07.rdf |
| By: | Yu, Kihwan; Hendricks, Nathan; Uludere Aragon, Nazli |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404402 |
| By: | Jeon, Younghyeon; Boys, Kathryn |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404551 |
| By: | De Cianni, Rachele; Caputo, Vincenzina; Sun, Jiayu |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404367 |
| By: | Glenn P. Jenkins (Department of Economics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, and Cambridge Resources International Inc.); Godwin Olasehinde-Williams (Department of Management Information Systems, Istanbul Ticaret University, Turkey and Nizami Gajanvi Research Center of Sustainable Development & Green Economy, Azerbaijan State University of Economics, Baku, Azerbaijan); Justin Quinton (Department of Economics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada) |
| Abstract: | Nigeria faces a severe challenge of chronic malnutrition, ranking among the countries with the highest burden of stunting. The causes of stunting are complex, spanning individual, household, community, and national levels. This study examines how national policy decisions related to food prices, international trade, and regulations have impacted stunting among Nigerian children aged 1 to 4 between 2012 and 2018. It particularly focuses on the combined effects of the oil price crash, currency devaluation, and foreign exchange restrictions during this period. Findings reveal that while Nigeria's stunting rate of 22.04% in 2012 was below the global average of 26.3%, it surged to 31.6% by 2018, significantly exceeding the global average of 21.9%. Mild stunting rose from 11.44% to 14.33%, moderate stunting from 6.31% to 10.14%, and severe stunting from 4.29% to 7.13%. Northern regions, especially the North West, were the most affected, with nearly 50% of children stunted by 2018. The increase in the incidence of stunting, as compared that of 2012, led to about 1.89 million more stunted children. As a consequence, it is estimated that these children will receive 3.1 million fewer years of education (1.64 years lost per additional stunted child). The present value of the economic cost of this additional stunting ranges between $6.511 billion and $8.681 billion, translating to a lifetime wage loss ranging between $3, 445.50 and $4594 per stunted child. This study highlights that the Nigerian government’s policy response to the 2014 oil price crash and 2015 currency devaluation significantly worsened child stunting. Although recent policy reversals, such as lifting foreign exchange restrictions on essential food items in 2023, are positive steps, they have come too late to reverse the damage. The study underscores the importance of considering the nutritional impacts of policy decisions related to food prices, agricultural trade, and regulations to protect vulnerable children. |
| Keywords: | Stunting, child health, health cost, government policy, Nigeria. |
| JEL: | I12 I15 Q18 F13 O15 |
| Date: | 2026–08–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qed:dpaper:4644 |
| By: | Nguyen, Mau Nhat Nam; Nguyen, Phuong Le |
| Abstract: | This study examines relationships of RTC food consumption and gender division in meal preparation in urban families in Vietnam. Against the backdrop of increasing female labor force participation and time constraints in modern households, RTC foods have emerged as a convenient solution that may influence both consumption behavior and intra-family dynamics. Using primary data collected from 152 respondents in Hanoi through semi-structured face-to-face interviews, the descriptive statistics and ordered logistic regression are employed to analyze patterns of RTC consumption and their determinants. The findings reveal a high level of RTC food adoption, with over 88% of respondents reporting usage, primarily motivated by time-saving benefits. RTC foods are generally used as a complement rather than a substitute for traditional home cooking. Empirical results indicate that gender remains a significant factor in shaping consumption behavior, particularly through women’s dominant role in food purchasing decisions. At the same time, the use of RTC foods contributes to reducing meal preparation time, thereby alleviating domestic burdens, especially for women. Evidence also suggests modest shifts in gender roles, with increased male participation in certain household activities, although disparities persist. The regression analysis further highlights the importance of demographic and behavioral factors, including age, education, and perceived time savings, in influencing RTC consumption frequency. Younger individuals and those experiencing greater time constraints are more likely to adopt RTC foods. |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nccc26:409071 |
| By: | Joan Christine S. Allon-Pineda (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas); Eduard Renzo D. Santos (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas) |
| Abstract: | Successive supply shocks led to above-target inflation for the Philippines from 2021 to 2023. Formulating the optimal policy response to bring inflation back to target requires central banks to have estimates of the direct and indirect pass through of supply shocks to domestic inflation. We estimate the direct and second round effects of shocks to global oil, global food, and domestic rice prices on various measures of inflation as well as inflation expectations using local projections methodology. In addition, we examine the asymmetry in the pass-through of price increases vis-Ã -vis a price reductions. Global oil and food price shocks produce significant and persistent inflationary responses that trigger further second-round effects and a significant but lagged impact on month-ahead inflation expectations. Decomposing realized inflation, the impact of global oil shocks has historically been larger than food shocks. Second-round effects from oil shocks are larger than its direct effects, while the latter is larger for global food and domestic price shocks. This is consistent with the role of oil as an intermediate good, which is in contrast with both food and rice which are considered final commodities. Assessing the asymmetry of shocks, headline and core inflation were found to respond asymmetrically to oil price shocks, although the effect does not persist for more than a month. Policymakers must continue to monitor the emergence of second-round effects and ensure that inflation expectations are well-anchored, especially during large, positive oil and food price shocks. |
| JEL: | E31 E37 C32 C36 |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bhd:dpaper:202506 |
| By: | Reas, Vittoria |
| Abstract: | Water-related data are crucial for understanding the role of water ecosystems in sustaining both societal and economic functions, as well as for informing effective policy decisions. However, despite their critical importance, the accessibility and integration of such data often present considerable challenges. This paper examines the availability of biophysical data essential for the development of comprehensive Water-related Ecosystem Services (WES) accounts for the United Kingdom (UK), in alignment with the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting – Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EA) framework. The study critically evaluates key data sources, identifies challenges associated with spatial and temporal coverage, and investigates potential solutions for addressing data gaps. By providing this analysis, the paper seeks to contribute to the advancement of a more standardized and systematic approach to water-related ecosystem accounting, thereby supporting more robust, evidence-based policymaking in water resource management. |
| Keywords: | Water accounting; Biophysical data assessment; Water condition; Water-related ecosystem services; WES; Ecosystem accounting; SEEA-EA |
| JEL: | Q56 |
| Date: | 2025–07–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eoe:escoed:escoe-dp-2025-08 |
| By: | Baral, Suraksha; Roe, Brian |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404462 |
| By: | Tiziano Distefano; Luigi Reatti; Mario Biggeri; Cristina Vaquero-Piñeiro |
| Abstract: | This paper, considering regional disparities in climate change and policy impacts, highlights the need for a multi-regional level modelling that accounts for non-identical socio-economic and environmental dynamics at the sub-national level. Through a systematic literature review, we aim to identify and summarise heterogeneous approaches and research’s focus from existing literature concerning multi-level and multi-regional models used to address sustainability issues. We identify the most relevant themes, trends and topics investigated by the papers for which multi-level models have been used. While environmental and ecological issues are frequently addressed by these models, social dynamics are not particularly investigated and little to no interest is devoted to regional-national links. From the methodological perspective, most of the computational models employed utilise static systems (primarily Input-Output and CGE) and dynamic Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs). The paper provides a welcome basis for how multi-level models can contribute to addressing sustainability issues in economic research. Indeed, national areas deal with non-identical climate shocks and are characterised by inconsistent socio- economic dynamics. Through an analysis of the current literature, of relevant papers concerning multi-level and multi-regional models, and of analyses spanning across multidisciplinary subjects, the most relevant themes, trends and topics are shown. This examination shows how social dynamics are not particularly investigated in the considered papers, and little to no interest is devoted to regional-national links. Moreover, this literature exploration highlights that most computational models employed utilise IAMs and static systems (primarily Input-Output and CGE) and that the interest concerning ecological economics related issues, has been growing in the past years. |
| Keywords: | Sustainability; Energy Transition; Environment; Multi-level; Multi-regional; Climate Policy; IAMs, I-O; CGE; Ecological Economics |
| JEL: | C6 Q5 Q4 R1 D6 O1 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:frz:wpaper:wp2026_06.rdf |
| By: | Juan Carlos Angulo (Department of Economics, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de Mexico) |
| Abstract: | This article examines how positive economic shocks to legal agricultural production affect non-lethal crime in conflict-affected settings. I focus on Mexico’s avocado sector, which has experienced substantial growth in production and export value over the past two decades. Using municipal-level data from 2011 to 2024, I combine administrative crime records with survey-based victimization data to examine the effects of avocado production on extortion, threats, and kidnappings. To address potential reverse causality, I instrument municipal avocado production using international avocado production interacted with municipality-level geographic characteristics that determine suitability for avocado cultivation. I find that increases in avocado production are associated with higher levels of extortion across both data sources. The evidence for threats and kidnappings is less consistent across data sources. These results are robust to alternative samples and specifications and remain for extortion when restricting the analysis to municipalities with documented organized crime presence prior to the study period. The findings are consistent with a rent-seeking mechanism in which organized crime groups exploit high-value legal markets to generate recurring revenue. Avocado production is particularly suited to this form of extraction because orchards are geographically fixed, require substantial investment, and generate income repeatedly over many years. The results also suggest that the expansion of legal economic activity can create new opportunities for criminal rent extraction where state capacity is limited. More broadly, the study shows that the consequences of economic booms in conflict-affected regions extend beyond lethal violence and can include systematic forms of non-lethal crime that directly facilitate the appropriation of legal economic rents. |
| JEL: | D7 O13 Q3 |
| Date: | 2026–09–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smx:wpaper:2026011 |
| By: | Salazar, Lina; Tadeo, Diana; Alvarez, Luis |
| Keywords: | Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404778 |
| By: | Im, Junhyeok; rhew, Chanhee; Sung, Jae-hoon |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404373 |
| By: | Lee, Heeseong; Gundersen, Craig; Nayga, Rodolfo |
| Keywords: | Institutional and Behavioral Economics |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404427 |
| By: | Park, HyunSung |
| Keywords: | Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404412 |
| By: | Xie, Mingcong; Caputo, Vincenzina; Kilders, Valerie |
| Keywords: | Marketing |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404530 |
| By: | Nikola Rakonjac; Phoebe Koundouri (Dept. of International and European Economic Studies, Athens University of Economics and Business); Slobodan Djordjevic; Zarko Sretenovic; Dragan Savic |
| Abstract: | The European Union's revised Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD, Directive 2024/3019), in force since 1 January 2025, marks a major step toward the Zero Pollution ambition. By imposing stricter wastewater collection, treatment, and pollutant removal regulations, the directive aims to significantly enhance water quality and environmental protection across Europe. While these measures align with longterm sustainability goals, they pose considerable challenges for EU candidate countries, which must adapt their infrastructure and policies to meet compliance requirements within the next two decades. Chapter 27 of the latest European Commission Enlargement Package highlights disparities in environmental compliance among EU candidate countries, underscoring that progress on water quality, water management, and wastewater treatment remains limited. This is further reflected in the countries' performance on Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) - "Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all". |
| Date: | 2026–09–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2622 |
| By: | Kim, Miseok; Yoo, Do-il |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404758 |
| By: | Qin, Zhiran; Sexton, Richard |
| Keywords: | Industrial Organization |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404627 |
| By: | John Cawley; Mallory Dreyer; Kosali I. Simon |
| Abstract: | One of the most comprehensive fiscal policies to improve diet was adopted by the Navajo Nation; the Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) of 2014-15 consists of two parts: 1) an exemption from sales tax for healthy foods and beverages; and 2) a tax increase on unhealthy foods and beverages. Together, they create a price wedge of 7-8% between healthy and unhealthy foods. We estimate difference-in-difference models and event studies that estimate the effect of the HDNA on a variety of health conditions relating to diet and weight for newborns and mothers which are recorded in birth certificate data. We find no evidence that the HDNA improved these outcomes; our estimates are precise enough to rule out improvements in gestational diabetes as large as those reported for U.S. city SSB taxes. Possible explanations for the null results include incomplete retailer implementation and cross-border shopping. |
| JEL: | H20 H30 I12 I18 J13 J15 L66 Q18 |
| Date: | 2026–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:35662 |
| By: | Wang, Yanwen; Zhen, Chen |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404573 |
| By: | Joshi, Ekta; Gomez, Laura; Morales Opazo, Cristian |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404643 |
| By: | Tarashtwal, Omid; Banerjee, Simanti; Grogan, Kelly |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea26:404327 |
| By: | Balán, Pablo; Bergeron, Augustin; Tourek, Gabriel; Weigel, Jonathan |
| Abstract: | Formal property rights to land remain rare in sub-Saharan Africa. We argue that social institutions shape citizens' demand for land formalization. When offered the opportunity to formalize, citizens weigh the insurance and tenure-security benefits of informal institutions against their monetary and social obligations. We study a randomized land titling program in a large Congolese city that sharply reduced the costs of acquiring a title. The program caused large increases in both initiation and receipt of titles. Demand was strongest among citizens more engaged in social institutions and more connected to city chiefs, yet such ties did not predict completion of the titling process. Program assignment also reduced citizens' participation in social institutions and worsened their evaluations of chiefs. These findings suggest that, in urban settings where land values are higher and social institutions are more costly, citizens may exit social institutions when formal alternatives become available, illustrating how formalization can reshape engagement with informal authority. |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:cbscwp:342513 |