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on Agricultural Economics |
| By: | Natalia Shagaida (RANEPA); Dmitry Ternovsky (RANEPA) |
| Abstract: | According to Rosstat, in January–December 2025, agricultural production in the Russian Federation amounted to 104.9% compared to the same period last |
| Keywords: | Russian economy, agricultural production, food security |
| JEL: | I18 I19 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gai:ppaper:ppaper-2026-1618 |
| By: | Kumar, Naveen; Maiti, Dibyendu |
| Abstract: | This Chapter reviews empirical methodologies studying the impact of global warming on economic indicators inIndia. We begin with an analysis of global climate dynamics, which includes definitional debate of level and growtheffects, using climate econometrics to highlight the methodological issue in temperature-GDP econometrics, andsummarising methodological discussion on differentiation between weather and climate change. The chapter thenevaluates India's vulnerability to climate shocks, detailing macroeconomic impacts on critical sectors such asagriculture, health, and productivity, and reviews the evolution of India's environmental policies. We further reviewthe role of fiscal, regulatory, and monetary policies in facilitating climate adaptation and mitigation. Additionally, we explore diverse econometric approaches for estimating climate change impacts, including cross-sections andpanel methods. This review highlights the urgency of coordinated international action and the need for India toimplement robust climate policies to ensure sustainable economic growth and fulfil its emission reduction targets. |
| Date: | 2026–06–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:4dhy6_v1 |
| By: | Emediegwu Lotanna; Rogna Marco (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a global climatic event with important con- sequences for agricultural production. Several studies have investigated its impact on yields considering different crops and varying spatial scales. However, less attention has been paid to its effects on food prices. The present paper tries to fill this gap through a global analysis of the effect of ENSO shocks, divided into its main events, namely El Niño and La Niña, on the retail prices of several food commodities and crops. To achieve this, a large panel dataset of monthly retail market prices combined with climatic indexes envisaged to capture ENSO shocks has been analysed by adopting the local projection methodology. Impulse response functions spanning till one year after a shock are adopted to interpret the results. The impact of ENSO shocks on food prices varies considerably according to the event, the region under consideration, and the same food item. |
| Date: | 2026–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:eapoaf:202603-2 |
| By: | Zucchini, Emanuele (Food and Agriculture Organisation); Sadania, Clémentine (rowsquared); Steiner, Susan (rowsquared); Rossi, Alessandro (International Fund for Agricultural Development); Mabiso, Athur (International Fund for Agricultural Development); Toguem, Robinson (International Fund for Agricultural Development); Mastroeni, Andrea (University of Rome Tor Vergata) |
| Abstract: | Youth employment remains a critical issue in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study examines the impact of two large-scale governmental programmes in Cameroon and Madagascar that aim to promote self-employment in agriculture. Youth participated in vocational training and received technical support, inputs and mentoring to engage in crop, livestock or non-farming agricultural activities. We employ a quasi-experimental design to estimate the impact on the income of youth-led activities, and we address the limitations associated with such designs by carefully constructing a counterfactual. Our findings indicate that these integrated training and livelihoods programmes significantly enhance income from the targeted activities. We highlight the importance of providing regular support for participants during and after programme implementation. |
| Keywords: | integrated training and livelihood programmes, youth employment, agriculture, impact evaluation, Sub-Saharan Africa |
| JEL: | D04 J43 O12 O55 Q12 |
| Date: | 2026–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18713 |
| By: | Amrita Goldar (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Amit Kumar; Kartik Nair |
| Abstract: | Rajasthan is among India's most drought-prone states, with more than 60 per cent of the districts in high-risk zones, where recurrent water scarcity and drought occur. Understanding the spatial patterns of drought vulnerability is therefore critical for designing targeted adaptation and resource management strategies. This policy brief presents a geospatial analysis of drought vulnerability and its implications for crop productivity across districts of Rajasthan. |
| Keywords: | Vulnerability analysis, Drought vulnerability, Geospatial analysis, Rajasthan, Sub-national assessment, icrier |
| Date: | 2026–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:ppaper:71 |
| By: | Draeger, Christina; Tran, Martino; Mumford, Ben |
| Abstract: | Vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected by climate change and face limited adaptive resources, yet remain largely overlooked in regional planning and decision-making. Future population composition and the spatial distribution of vulnerability shape both mitigation strategies, which reduce the magnitude of climate change, and adaptation strategies, which reduce its impacts, with direct implications for policy interventions and planning. This study provides high-resolution (1 km) population projections for Canada until 2100 across age, sex, ethnicity, income, and education under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. Using a novel deep learning–based population dynamics model that simultaneously predicts full population compositions and incorporates macroeconomic, governance, and land surface variables, we examine demographic shifts at national, regional, and local scales. Results reveal substantial variability across scenarios: the proportion of seniors rises most in low-mitigation-challenge scenarios, particularly along lower-emission pathways, while the share of children and youth increases most in scenarios with high mitigation challenges. Ethnic diversity expands when mitigation challenges are low but decreases or stagnates when they are high. Income and education distributions are most sensitive to adaptation challenges, with the strongest polarization of socioeconomic groups into a three-class society and the largest increase in the share of individuals without a diploma occurring when both adaptation and mitigation challenges are high, highlighting the need for high-resolution, disaggregated demographic projections to guide targeted and equitable interventions for vulnerable communities. |
| Date: | 2026–06–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:7kszw_v1 |
| By: | Kateřina Mazancová (Faculty of Economics) |
| Abstract: | The main objective of this article is to assess whether changes in agricultural policy instruments influence the structure and volume of agricultural production in the Czech Republic (CR) and whether spatial disparities exist in the distribution of subsidies and payments. The analysis is based on time series data for 2000-2024 (2002-2024 for selected commodities) from the Czech Statistical Office and the Ministry of Agriculture, with nominal values adjusted to constant prices. The relationship between subsidies and production was examined using time-series methods, including causality tests, while spatial patterns were analyzed at the district level using Global and Local Moran's I. The results indicate that total agricultural subsidies are not significantly linked to overall sector performance but show a strong relationship with livestock production, with a lag of approximately five years. At the commodity level, no significant causality was found in most cases. Spatial analysis reveals that most area-based payments do not form stable regional clusters, although significant spatial autocorrelation was identified for selected measures, particularly payments for areas with natural constraints and animal welfare support. The findings suggest that the effects of agricultural policy instruments are structurally selective and spatially differentiated, highlighting the need to consider both sectoral and regional heterogeneity when evaluating policy effectiveness. |
| Keywords: | Common Agricultural Policy, Czech Republic, agricultural subsidies, structural transformation |
| JEL: | Q11 Q18 R12 |
| Date: | 2026–06–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boh:wpaper:01_2026 |
| By: | Charlotte Emlinger (CEPII - Centre d'Etudes Prospectives et d'Informations Internationales - Centre d'analyse stratégique); Karine Latouche (SMART - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | This article examines the impact of firms' quality policies on export performance. Using French administrative data at the employee and firm levels, we assess the level of firms' commitment to issues related to product reliability and safety through the presence of quality management personnel. We merge these data with French customs data, which provide the value and quantity of exports for each firm by product and destination. We show that firms with quality management employees export higher volumes and have longer trade relationships, especially in non-European markets with stringent standards (higher number of sanitary and phytosanitary or technical measures). Overall, our paper highlights the role of agri-food firms' "quality investment" in export performance. |
| Keywords: | Non-tariff-measures, Trade duration, Trade margins, Quality management |
| Date: | 2026–06–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05656987 |
| By: | Fatoumata Sidibe (Tuskegee University, USA.); Lassana Toure (University of Segou); B Dembele (IER - Institut d'Economie Rurale) |
| Abstract: | Agriculture forms the backbone of the economy in most Sahel countries, providing livelihoods for thousands of people. However, it currently faces significant ecological challenges, primarily due to decreasing rainfall, climatic risks and environmental degradation. This study aimed to assess the quality of life of people in the Sahel with limited access to productive resources. The specific objectives include identifying agro ecological zones and analyzing the socioeconomic and demographic factors influencing gender-specific agro-ecological practices. The survey was conducted in three villages within the study area in Mali: Koulikoro, Ségou and Sikasso. Data were collected from 451 producers (both women and men), with 150 participants from Dougoumousso (Sikasso), 152 from Kobala Coura (Koulikoro), and 149 from Kondogola. The data were gathered using a semi-structured questionnaire during the 2020-2021 farming season. Data collection was conducted through random sampling. Descriptive statistics and multivariate models were used to analyze the data. The most common agroecological practices observed in the study area included plot plowing, hand cultivation and direct seeding. Additionally, producers engaged in practices such as organic manure application, soil and water conservation, and local crop processing, although access to training and technical support remains limited. The multivariate probit regression analysis revealed that the socioeconomic characteristics influencing agro-ecological practices vary significantly by gender in the agro-ecological zones of Mali. The gender variable was significant at the 1% level, with coefficients (β=-0.960***) and (β=-0.899***) indicating a negative impact on hand cultivation and direct sowing practices, respectively. Formal education, the age of producers, years of experience, and access to technical advice also significantly influence these practices. Agroecology emerges as a sustainable agricultural practice that minimizes chemical inputs and integrates both local and scientific knowledge. The study recommends focusing on training, better integration of women and young people, dissemination, and funding to effectively promote these practices and ensure the sustainability of agriculture in the Sahel. Overall, addressing the ecological challenges in the Sahel requires a comprehensive understanding of the socioeconomic and demographic factors influencing agro ecological practices. This study highlights the importance of education, experience and technical advice in promoting sustainable agriculture and suggests targeted interventions to improve the livelihoods of producers in the region |
| Abstract: | L'agriculture constitue l'épine dorsale de l'économie dans la plupart des pays du Sahel, en assurant les moyens de subsistance de milliers de personnes. Cependant, elle fait actuellement face à d'importants défis écologiques, principalement en raison de la diminution des précipitations, des risques climatiques et de la dégradation de l'environnement. Cette étude visait à évaluer la qualité de vie des populations du Sahel disposant d'un accès limité aux ressources productives. Les objectifs spécifiques comprenaient l'identification des zones agroécologiques et l'analyse des facteurs socioéconomiques et démographiques influençant les pratiques agroécologiques selon le genre. L'enquête a été menée dans trois villages situés dans la zone d'étude au Mali : Koulikoro, Ségou et Sikasso. Les données ont été collectées auprès de 451 producteurs (femmes et hommes), dont 150 participants à Dougoumousso (Sikasso), 152 à Kobala Coura (Koulikoro) et 149 à Kondogola. Les informations ont été recueillies à l'aide d'un questionnaire semi-structuré durant la campagne agricole 2020-2021. La collecte des données a été réalisée à partir d'un échantillonnage aléatoire. Des statistiques descriptives et des modèles multivariés ont été utilisés pour analyser les données. Les pratiques agroécologiques les plus courantes observées dans la zone d'étude comprenaient le labour des parcelles, la culture manuelle et le semis direct. En outre, les producteurs mettaient en œuvre des pratiques telles que l'application de fumure organique, la conservation des sols et de l'eau, ainsi que la transformation locale des cultures, bien que l'accès à la formation et à l'appui technique demeure limité. L'analyse de régression probit multivariée a révélé que les caractéristiques socioéconomiques influençant les pratiques agroécologiques varient significativement selon le genre dans les zones agroécologiques du Mali. La variable genre était significative au seuil de 1 %, avec des coefficients (β = -0, 960***) et (β = -0, 899***) indiquant un effet négatif sur les pratiques de culture manuelle et de semis direct, respectivement. L'éducation formelle, l'âge des producteurs, les années d'expérience et l'accès aux conseils techniques influencent également de manière significative ces pratiques. L'agroécologie apparaît comme une pratique agricole durable qui minimise l'utilisation d'intrants chimiques et intègre à la fois les savoirs locaux et scientifiques. L'étude recommande de renforcer la formation, de mieux intégrer les femmes et les jeunes, d'améliorer la diffusion des connaissances et de mobiliser des financements afin de promouvoir efficacement ces pratiques et d'assurer la durabilité de l'agriculture au Sahel. Dans l'ensemble, la résolution des défis écologiques au Sahel nécessite une compréhension approfondie des facteurs socioéconomiques et démographiques qui influencent les pratiques agroécologiques. Cette étude met en évidence l'importance de l'éducation, de l'expérience et de l'accès aux conseils techniques dans la promotion d'une agriculture durable et suggère des interventions ciblées pour améliorer les moyens de subsistance des producteurs de la région. |
| Keywords: | modèle multivarié, facteurs socioéconomiques, pratiques agroécologiques, Genre, socioeconomic factors Agroécologie malienne, multivariate model, agroecological practice, gender, Malian agroecology |
| Date: | 2025–09–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05553501 |
| By: | Rocio Carrillo-Labella (Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga]); Fatiha Fort (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Louis-Antoine Saïsset (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | The adoption of Environmental Management Systems (EMS), such as the ISO 14001 standard, is a key strategy for advancing towards sustainable production. This study addresses the causal ambiguity between ISO 14001 certification and financial performance (FP), a critical and unresolved gap in the literature, particularly in the agri-food SME sector. The central dilemma lies in discerning whether the improvement in FP is due to the effect of certification (treatment effect) or to prior financial strength (selection effect). A longitudinal analysis of 255 Spanish olive oil-producing SMEs (2021–2023) was employed, focusing on key objective accounting indicators such as ROE, ROA, ATR (Asset Turnover Ratio), EBIT, and EBITDA, using methodologies designed to isolate and contrast the causal effects. Our findings confirm the existence of a positive and significant association with FP. Specifically, a marked contrast in causality was identified: financial health (ROE) significantly influences the propensity for adoption (selection effect), acting as an entry barrier for companies with lower FP. On the other hand, certification leads to a significant improvement in profitability, manifesting in higher ROE, EBIT, and EBITDA (treatment effect), albeit without a significant impact on overall operational efficiency (ROA). These results demonstrate the existence of a circular causality operating under a "virtuous circle, " where the selection and treatment effects mutually reinforce each other. The findings validate ISO 14001 as a market differentiator that translates into higher benefits, positioning sustainable practices as a key driver of financial success in the agri-food industry. |
| Keywords: | Olive oil, Circular causality, Treatment effect, Selection effect, SMEs, Financial performance, ISO 14001 |
| Date: | 2026–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05628184 |
| By: | Yoshihiko Hashiguchi (Institute of Developing Economies (IDE-JETRO), Chiba, JAPAN and Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University, JAPAN) |
| Abstract: | Despite the potential for land reform to improve children's health through nutritional intake, there is little evidence of its effectiveness. Cuba implemented land reforms in 2012 to increase agricultural production, similar to land reforms in other transitional countries. Leveraging the variation in land reform diffusion in Cuba, we evaluate the impact of the land reform in 2012 on children's physical development. Our results show that prenatal exposure to land reform improved children's birthweight. We also find rural-specific effects of postnatal exposure on childre's weight and height, and that postnatal exposure is a key driver of health improvements among children, particularly those in more vulnerable populations. Thus, despite the restricted land reforms in Cuba compared with reforms in other countries, they have positive impacts on children’s health. Moreover, considering the limited distribution system in Cuba, the land reform demonstrates substantial positive impacts on children's health after birth, with these benefits being more pronounced in rural areas characterized by higher agricultural intensity. |
| Keywords: | Land reform; Fetal origins hypothesis; Early-life health; Usufruct rights; Cuba |
| JEL: | I15 P26 Q15 |
| Date: | 2026–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kob:dpaper:dp2026-21 |
| By: | Ritika Juneja (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Emil Thomas johny; Ashok Gulati; Sachchida Nand |
| Abstract: | This policy brief argues that diversification of import sources and products is essential to reduce excessive dependence on a limited set of countries, particularly in geopolitically volatile regions. Complementary measures include encouraging overseas investments in fertiliser minerals and production assets, accelerating domestic exploration of fertiliser resources, and rationalising regulatory and pricing frameworks to improve efficiency in nutrient use. Policy reforms such as the direct transfer of fertiliser subsidies to farmers and gradual price deregulation of macro nutrients is critical to promote balanced fertiliser application while easing fiscal pressures. It will plug leakages too, which are substantial (about 20 percent). If this seems too bold a reform in the short run, an alternative would be to put quantitative restrictions on sales based on farm size, cropping patterns, and recommended nutrient doses issued by State Agricultural Universities (SAU). This can be done with the help of AgriStack that government has been building for quite some time. The third option would be to at least bring urea under the Nutrient Based Subsidy (NBS) scheme. So, in brief, either carry out full-fledged price reforms ensuring in advance DBT to farmers, or put quantitative restrictions in accordance with SAU recommendations, or bring urea also under NBS. Together, these measures can enhance the resilience of India’s fertiliser supply chains and safeguard the stability of its food production system in an increasingly uncertain geopolitical environment. As they say, never lose an opportunity to reform when a serious crisis hits. And the time for that is now. |
| Keywords: | Fertiliser Security, Geopolitical Risk, Import Dependence, Supply Chain Vulnerability, Urea, Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP), Muriate of Potash (MOP), Food Security, icrier |
| Date: | 2026–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:ppaper:66 |
| By: | Yann Raineau (UR ETTIS - Environnement, territoires en transition, infrastructures, sociétés - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, BSE - Bordeaux sciences économiques - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | Sécuriser le changement de pratiques : expérimentation d'une '"assurance verte" en France. |
| Date: | 2026–05–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05641963 |
| By: | Bruno Carlhian; Manuela Hébrard (ADIV - Association pour le Développement de l'Industrie de la Viande); Bruno Hérault; François Léger; Alain Peyron (ADIV - Association pour le Développement de l'Industrie de la Viande); Didier Remond (UNH - Unité de Nutrition Humaine - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - UCA - Université Clermont Auvergne); Gilles Tyrstram |
| Abstract: | The celebration of ADIV's 50th anniversary, which took place on 19 November 2025 in Clermont-Ferrand, provided an opportunity for the "Institut Technique Agro-Industriel (ITAI)" – which specialises in meat products – to look to the future through a series of forward-looking conferences on upcoming challenges in the fields of processing, nutrition and consumption. They were complemented by a presentation on the US beef industry, provided as an external perspective by François Léger, president of the American slaughter and processing company FPL FOOD, based in Augusta (Georgia). The presentations highlighted some of the expected developments in the meat industry. Gilles Trystram, former director of AgroParisTech and director of Génopole, emphasised the need for the food industry to move towards ‘sustainable processing' in the coming years, with processes that have a lower impact in terms of energy and resource use, and increasing use of digital technologies. Didier Rémond, research director at the human nutrition unit of INRAE in Clermont-Ferrand, discussed the essential balances that must be maintained to meet nutritional needs whilst reducing the consumption of animal products. Finally, Bruno Hérault, head of the Centre for Studies and Forecasting at the Ministry of Agriculture, Agri-Food and Food Sovereignty (MAASA), discussed the upheavals in food practices and systems in recent years and their potential implications for the organisation of the meat sector. |
| Abstract: | La célébration des 50 ans de l'ADIV, qui a eu lieu le 19 novembre 2025 à Clermont-Ferrand a été l'occasion pour l'Institut Technique Agro-Industriel (ITAI) spécialisé dans les produits carnés de se tourner vers l'avenir au travers d'une série de conférences prospectives sur les enjeux à venir en matière de procédés, de nutrition et de consommation. Elle ont été complétées par une présentation de la filière bovine aux Etats-Unis en guise d'éclairage extérieur par François Léger, président de la société américaine d'abattage et de transformation FPL FOOD implantée à Augusta (Geogie). Les interventions ont mis en lumière quelques-unes des évolutions attendues de l'industrie de la viande. Gilles Trystram, ancien directeur d'AgroParisTech et directeur du Genopole, a insisté sur la nécessité dans les années qui viennent pour l'industrie alimentaire de se tourner vers une « juste transformation », avec des procédés moins impactants en termes d'énergie ou d'utilisation de ressource et un recours croissant aux technologies digitales. Didier Rémond, directeur de recherche à l'unité de nutrition humaine de l'INRAE de Clermont-Ferrand, a quant à lui évoqué les équilibres indispensables à respecter pour couvrir les besoins nutritionnels dans une perspective de diminution de la consommation de produits animaux. Enfin Bruno Hérault, le chef du centre d'études et de prospective au ministère de l'agriculture, de l'agroalimentaire et de la souveraineté alimentaire (MAASA), a évoqué les bouleversements des pratiques et des systèmes alimentaires de ces dernières années et leurs conséquences potentielles sur l'organisation de la filière viande. |
| Keywords: | Prospective, Consommation, Procédés, Transformation, Nutrition, Etats-Unis |
| Date: | 2026–04–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05643853 |
| By: | Schiffman, Daniel; Goldstein, Eli |
| Abstract: | In April 1949, the Israeli government introduced the austerity and rationing regime to ensure the equitable distribution of basic foods during a period of war, mass immigration and severe financial strain. The Minister of Supply and Rationing, Dov Yosef, was responsible for administering food supply and the austerity and rationing regime. In November 1950, the Ministry of Supply and Rationing was dismantled, and Pinhas Lavon, the new Minister of Agriculture, replaced Yosef as the minister responsible for food supply, austerity and rationing. Lavon reoriented the austerity food policy framework in two ways: a. from cracking down on the black market and insisting that the current rations are nutritionally adequate, to relaxing anti-black market enforcement and increasing rations to improve nutrition; b. from exclusive concern with nutritional value while neglecting psychological considerations, to significant concern for psychological considerations. This paper quantitatively evaluates Pinhas Lavon’s ambitious plan to raise per capita daily animal protein consumption to 38g in 1951, vs. 33g under Yosef’s original plan. The analysis draws on extensive archival materials, including newly collected monthly data on animal protein consumption and official supplies of animal‑source foods. We find that Lavon’s plan mostly failed: Daily per capita animal protein consumption declined from 31g to 30g, monthly beef rations averaged 598g vs. Lavon’s 750g target, monthly beef sausage rations averaged 23g vs. Lavon’s 350g target, and milk bread failed due to a combination of kosher and quality problems. However, standard milk—a blend of 75%-100% fresh milk and 0%-25% reconstituted milk—succeeded after Lavon left office: It made possible the derationing of milk in April 1952, and in 1952-1953, it contributed up to 22% of the 5g additional protein in Lavon’s plan vs. Yosef’s original plan. Lavon’s efforts to import beef were hampered by circumstances beyond his control, including declining foreign currency reserves, skyrocketing global commodity prices and shipping costs due to the Korean War, one of the worst droughts in Israel’s history and arbitrary Finance Ministry decisions. On the other hand, Lavon did make several avoidable policy errors: overoptimism regarding his ability to supply a 350g monthly sausage ration, the arbitrary decision to roll out milk bread nationwide despite its known kosher and quality problems, and failure to fix the dysfunctional food distribution system. |
| Keywords: | Israel, austerity and rationing, public morale, nutrition, animal protein |
| JEL: | N45 N55 Q18 |
| Date: | 2026–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:129488 |
| By: | Hönow, Nils Christian; Bensch, Gunther; Kirk, Michael |
| Abstract: | In regions with low soil fertility, smallholder farmers often clear forest to sustain agricultural yields. This pattern becomes more problematic where forest regrowth is slow, contributing to local forest loss and global environmental challenges such as climate change and biodiversity decline. This paper presents findings from a framed field experiment that examines how different types of monetary incentives affect forest-clearing decisions in northern Namibia, a semi-arid region with negligible forest regrowth. We implemented a common-pool resource game with 518 smallholder farmers across 25 villages, in which a forest stock declines dynamically based on participants' clearing decisions, without immediate regrowth. The game spans three periods: a baseline without incentives, an intervention period with individual or collective rewards or an individual fee, and a post-incentive phase. This setup allows us to assess both the immediate effects of incentives and their persistence after incentive removal. All incentive types reduce clearing compared to the baseline, but not significantly more than in the control condition, where clearing also declined - an unexpected trend likely linked to features of the dynamic game design. Incentive effects largely dissipate after removal, with no strong evidence of lasting motivational crowding-in or crowding-out. Overall, our results suggest that moderate payments may be insufficient to sustain cooperation in persistent resource dilemmas. More broadly, they highlight the importance of multifaceted analysis including control conditions and careful experimental framing in field-laboratory studies, coupled with caution in generalizing findings to other settings or policy applications. |
| Abstract: | In Regionen mit niedriger Bodenfruchtbarkeit roden Landwirte und Landwirtinnen häufig Wälder, um ihre landwirtschaftlichen Erträge aufrechtzuerhalten. Dies ist problematisch in Regionen mit geringem Waldwachstum und führt zu Verlust von Waldflächen und verstärkt globale Umweltprobleme wie Klimawandel und Biodiversitätsverlust. Diese Studie präsentiert Ergebnisse eines kontrollierten Feldexperiments, das untersucht, wie verschiedene Arten von monetären Anreizen Waldrodungsentscheidungen in der Kavango Region in Namibia, einer semi-ariden Region mit vernachlässigbarem Waldwachstum, beeinflussen. Wir führten ein Common-Pool-Resource Game mit 518 Teilnehmenden in 25 Dörfern durch, bei dem ein Waldbestand dynamisch basierend auf den Rodungsentscheidungen der Teilnehmer abnimmt, ohne unmittelbares Nachwachstum. Das Spiel erstreckt sich über drei Phasen: eine Baseline ohne Anreize, eine Interventionsphase mit individuellen oder kollektiven Belohnungen oder einer individuellen Gebühr sowie eine Phase nach den Anreizen. Dieses Setup ermöglicht es uns, sowohl die unmittelbaren Auswirkungen von Anreizen als auch deren Persistenz nach deren Entfernung zu bewerten. Alle Anreiztypen reduzieren die Rodung im Vergleich zur Baseline, aber nicht signifikant mehr als in der Kontrollbedingung, wo die Rodung ebenfalls abnahm - ein unerwarteter Trend, der wahrscheinlich mit Merkmalen des dynamischen Spieldesigns verbunden ist. Anreizeffekte lösen sich nach deren Entfernung größtenteils auf, ohne starke Belege für anhaltende motivational Crowding-in oder Crowding-out-Effekte. Insgesamt deuten unsere Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass moderate monetäre Anreize möglicherweise nicht ausreichen, um Kooperation in anhaltenden Ressourcendilemmas aufrechtzuerhalten. Allgemeiner betont unsere Studie die Bedeutung einer mehrdimensionalen Analyse, einschließlich Kontrollbedingungen und sorgfältiger experimenteller Rahmensetzung in Feld-Labor-Studien, kombiniert mit Vorsicht bei der Verallgemeinerung von Ergebnissen für politische Maßnahmen. |
| Keywords: | common-pool resources, framed field experiment, deforestation, conservation policy, sustainable land use |
| JEL: | C91 D91 Q15 Q23 Q57 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:rwirep:341405 |
| By: | de Lint, Lotte Patricia (Wageningen University & Research); de Vries, Rachelle (Tilburg University); van Rookhuijzen, Wilhelmina Elisabeth Adriana Metje; Gort, Gerrit; de Vet, Emely |
| Abstract: | Supermarkets have a major influence on food purchases and thus represent a good starting point for shifting consumption toward plant-based options. In a field study within a Dutch discount supermarket chain (10 intervention, 10 control stores, 11 weeks), we evaluated the effect of two interventions that were each implemented during half of the weeks on animal- and plant-based purchasing. The Nudge (N) intervention reduced fresh meat visibility by moving promotional products from end-cap displays to regular shelf locations with standard-sized price tags, and modestly increased plant-based visibility through recipes and footstep cues. In the Nudge+ (N+) intervention condition, communication materials containing a reflective cue aimed at activating plant-based goals were additionally placed at store entrances and the fresh meat aisle. Results showed that within the fresh meat and meat replacement section, the ratio of plant- to animal-based protein sold by weight, as well as plant-based sales, did not change significantly under either intervention. However, animal-based protein sales by weight significantly decreased within this section (N:-4.75%, N+:-6.37%), with no significant difference between interventions. Outside this section, neither intervention had conclusive effects on (non-targeted) animal-based purchases, though trends suggested animal-based purchasing increased. No changes in total store revenue were detected. Most shoppers did not notice the interventions yet were positive or neutral when informed. A nudge that includes reducing meat's promotional visibility appears to be an effective strategy for decreasing animal-based purchasing in a real-world supermarket while preserving commercial performance and customer acceptance. |
| Date: | 2026–06–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:ez7y3_v2 |
| By: | Kyle, Jordan; Ragasa, Catherine |
| Abstract: | The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasize equal participation and empowerment of women in all levels of decisionmaking, yet frameworks and tools to measure and strengthen women's empowerment in policy spaces remain limited. Focusing on agrifood systems, this paper introduces a framework, metrics, and scoring method to track women’s empowerment in policy processes (WEAGov) and presents findings from pilot applications in India and Nigeria. The pilots draw on novel surveys with more than 200 agrifood organizations and policy experts across the public sector, private sector, civil society, and research communities in both countries. Across both countries, we find that agrifood policy documents incorporate gender priorities on paper but fall short in budgeting, implementation, and evaluation. Prevailing social attitudes and limited awareness of policies, regulations, and legal rights remain major constraints on women’s ability to engage meaningfully in policy processes. Women participate as staff and mid-level managers in agrifood organizations, but their representation at higher decision-making levels are limited. Expert assessments also highlight disconnects between formal roles and the actual influence women can exert over policy decisions. Gender-responsive budgeting processes are absent in Nigeria and weakly-institutionalized in India, where compliance has become procedural rather than transformative. These patterns reveal persistent bottlenecks in translating gender commitments into practice. By systematically tracking barriers and identifying entry points for reform, the WEAGov framework offers governments, researchers, and civil society organizations a practical tool to diagnose gaps in women’s empowerment in agrifood policy processes and to strengthen their inclusiveness and accountability. |
| Keywords: | women's empowerment; gender; women; governance; food policies; India; Nigeria; Southern Asia; Asia; Western Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa; Africa |
| Date: | 2025–12–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:179834 |
| By: | François-Charles Wolff (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - Nantes Univ - IAE Nantes - Nantes Université - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - Nantes Université - pôle Sociétés - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université, TEPP - Théorie et évaluation des politiques publiques - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Yohan Renard (LEO - Laboratoire d'Économie d'Orleans [2022-...] - UO - Université d'Orléans - UT - Université de Tours - UCA - Université Clermont Auvergne) |
| Abstract: | Eco-certification initiatives are market-based solutions that create incentives for producers to adopt sustainable practices and preserve ecosystems. These initiatives rely on the assumption that producers will receive a price premium sufficient to encourage engagement with and commitment to eco-labels. This paper explores the price differential associated with the eco-certification of a bluefin tuna fishery in Les Sables d'Olonne, on the French Atlantic coast, on prices obtained by certified vessels at auction. Using unique transaction data from 2015 to 2024 and a difference-in-differences strategy, we find that eco-certified vessels experience a 10% price premium after certification compared to non-certified vessels. However, the daily premiums associated with ecocertification vary considerably. |
| Keywords: | Eco-certification, Sustainable fishing, Ex-vessel fish prices, Price premium |
| Date: | 2026–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05626899 |
| By: | Keita Abe; Renato Molina; Kenta Tanaka; Juan Carlos Villaseñor-Derbez |
| Abstract: | Extreme weather is becoming more frequent and severe worldwide, yet its consequences for global trade channels remain an open question. This paper quantifies the cost of extreme weather to maritime trade. Integrating daily typhoon wind-swath data with hundreds of thousands of vessel voyages in Japanese waters, we document that maritime traffic falls by up to roughly 50% on typhoon-exposed open-ocean cells and by about 7% at typhoon-exposed ports. A voyage-level framework identifies $119 million in direct shipping-industry costs over 2013–2021. This disruption implies a total trade-volume welfare loss of $117.8 million. Combining the two channels yields a central total welfare estimate of approximately $237 million. As climate change intensifies, the invisible costs associated with increased extreme weather will scale accordingly, highlighting a vital dimension of climate risk that remains overlooked by adaptation frameworks focused solely on catastrophic land-based destruction. |
| Keywords: | typhoons, maritime shipping, trade costs, natural disasters, Japan, AIS data |
| JEL: | F14 F18 Q54 R41 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12746 |
| By: | Alexandra Carine Marlyne Sedogo (INERA - Institut de l'Environnement et Recherches Agricoles [Ouagadougou] - CNRST - Centre national de la recherche scientifique et technologique [Ouagadougou]); Patrice Rélouendé Zidouemba (UNB - Université Nazi Boni [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso]); Souleymane Ouedraogo (INERA - Institut de l'Environnement et Recherches Agricoles [Ouagadougou] - CNRST - Centre national de la recherche scientifique et technologique [Ouagadougou]) |
| Abstract: | ABSTRACT The tomato sector plays a significant role in socio-economic development. However, the heterogeneity of farming practices leads to profitability disparities between farms. This study analyzes the economic performance of tomato producers in the Kadiogo and Oubri regions of Burkina Faso. A total of 292 producers were surveyed using the snowball sampling method. Data processed using Stata 16 and R allowed for the creation of a producer typology based on analysis of mixed data (FAMD) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and the development of a farm account. The results reveal three production systems. The traditional system is characterized by an estimated yield of 15.3 t/ha and a relative net margin of 7, 542, 452 FCFA. The semi-intensive system is distinguished by a high yield of 18.5 t/ha and an estimated relative net margin of 10, 910, 595 FCFA. The intensive system yielded 17.9 t/ha and a relatively lower net margin of 10, 275, 243 FCFA. These results indicate that the semi-intensive system is the most economically efficient, due to the rational use of production factors. Overall, tomato production is profitable across all identified systems. Therefore, improving the sector's competitiveness requires differentiated policies based on farm type, as well as targeted capacity building for farms. Keywords : tomato, production system, profitability, performance, Burkina Faso |
| Abstract: | RESUME La filière tomate joue un rôle important dans le développement socio-économique. Cependant, l'hétérogénéité des pratiques engendre des écarts de rentabilité entre exploitations. Cette étude analyse les performances économiques des producteurs de tomates dans la région du Kadiogo et de l'Oubri au Burkina Faso. Au total, 292 producteurs ont été enquêtés à partir de la méthode boule de neige. Les données traitées à partir de Stata 16 et R ont permis de réaliser une typologie des producteurs à partir d'une analyse factorielle de données mixtes (AFDM) et une classification ascendante hiérarchique (CAH) et d'établir un compte d'exploitation. Les résultats révèlent trois systèmes de production. Le système traditionnel est caractérisé par un rendement estimé à 15, 3 t/ha et une marge nette relative de 7.542.452FCFA. Le système semi intensif se distingue par un rendement élevé de 18, 5 t/ha et une marge nette relative estimée à 10.910.595 FCFA. Le système intensif affiche un rendement de 17, 9 t/ha et une marge nette relative moins importante de 10.275.243 FCFA. Ces résultats indiquent que le système semi intensif est économiquement le plus performant, en raison de l'utilisation rationnelle des facteurs de production. Globalement, la production de tomate est rentable dans l'ensemble des systèmes identifiés. Par conséquent, l'amélioration de la compétitivité de la filière nécessite des politiques différenciées selon le type d'exploitations ainsi qu'un renforcement ciblé des capacités techniques des exploitations. Mots clés : tomate, système de production, rentabilité, performance, Burkina Faso |
| Keywords: | tomato, production system, profitability, performance, Burkina Faso, tomato production system profitability performance Burkina Faso |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05562238 |
| By: | Nicolini, Marcella (University of Pavia); Sabatini, Fabio (Sapienza University of Rome) |
| Abstract: | On 28 January 2025 the second Trump administration issued a blanket stop-work order on the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), terminating the largest national bilateral aid programme worldwide. We use this natural experiment to estimate the impact of the aid cut on two outcomes in Africa: local economic activity, measured through nighttime light radiance around USAID project sites; and acute food insecurity, measured through the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) at the subnational level. First, the cessation of USAID activities produced a sharp and significant decline in nighttime light radiance within 500 m to 10 km of project sites, attenuating monotonically and undetectable at 25 km. Second, areas more exposed to USAID humanitarian assistance saw relative increases in population in IPC Phase 3 (Crisis) or worse and Phase 4 (Emergency), with effects building over the first post-shock year, amplified in higher-vulnerability regions and approximately fourteen times larger in less democratic countries. Third, both effects are driven by humanitarian-aid cuts; the nightlight effect is also driven by productive-sector cuts. |
| Keywords: | foreign aid, USAID, natural experiment, nighttime lights, food security, IPC, difference-in-differences, Africa |
| JEL: | F35 O12 O19 Q18 R11 |
| Date: | 2026–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18698 |
| By: | Yassine Kirat (ULH - Université Le Havre Normandie - NU - Normandie Université, EDEHN - Equipe d'Economie Le Havre Normandie - ULH - Université Le Havre Normandie - NU - Normandie Université); Tina Prodromou (University of Wollongong [Australia]); Sandy Suardi (University of Wollongong [Australia]) |
| Abstract: | This study delves into the complex interplay of climate change, natural disasters, energy consumption, and carbon emissions across 111 countries from 1990 to 2019. A structural shift in 2004 signifies altered global dynamics in CO2 emissions, closely linked to the escalation of meteorological and hydrological disasters driven by climate change. Globally, we illuminate the significant impact of climate-induced natural disasters, especially storms and extreme temperatures, on energy consumption and carbon emissions, albeit with variations. Regionally, we establish a notable positive association between extreme temperature-related disasters and both energy consumption and carbon emissions in Europe. Examining the aftermath of catastrophic events reveals an intensified influence of these disasters on carbon emissions and energy consumption in Africa, Latin America, and Europe. Developed economies experience significant impacts on carbon emissions and energy consumption from storms and extreme temperatures, while flood severity predominantly affects carbon emissions in developing countries. Additionally, we explore the potential of green patents in mitigating energy consumption and emissions triggered by disasters. While not conclusively proven, the statistically significant impact of green patents on energy conservation holds profound policy implications for advancing climate understanding, transforming energy landscapes, and addressing future sustainability concerns. |
| Keywords: | Natural disasters Climate change Energy consumption Carbon emissions Green patents |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05623681 |
| By: | Demirci, Murat (Koc University); Foster, Andrew (Brown University); Kirdar, Murat (Koc University) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the impact of the world’s largest humanitarian unconditional cash transfer program targeting refugees—the Emergency Social Safety Net (ESSN) program—on child nutrition and growth outcomes. Using the 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey, which includes a representative sample of Syrian refugees, and employing a regression discontinuity design, we assess the program’s effects on child growth—measured by height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-height (WHZ), including their extreme values—and on child-level nutrition, measured across five major food categories. We find that receiving cash transfers increases HAZ by 0.6 to 0.8 standard deviations. Additionally, the transfers reduce the incidence of both underweight and overweight status based on WAZ scores. WHZ scores and the incidence of overweight status based on WHZ also decline. Examining the program's impact on nutrition, we find a significant reduction in children’s energy-dense, nutrient-poor food consumption, consistent with the decrease in overweight incidence. Overall, the ESSN program improves food consumption patterns among refugees, leading to better child growth outcomes. |
| Keywords: | refugees, cash transfers, anthropometrics, nutrition, program evaluation, Turkey |
| JEL: | F22 I14 I15 I38 O15 Q18 |
| Date: | 2026–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18731 |
| By: | Christoph Böhringer; Isha Dube; Carolyn Fischer; Thomas F. Rutherford |
| Abstract: | To address concerns about competitiveness and carbon leakage, countries with ambitious climate policies are increasingly looking to combine unilateral carbon pricing with border carbon adjustments (BCA). BCA aim to create a level playing field between domestically regulated energy-intensive and trade-exposed industries and their competitors abroad by imposing charges on the (unpriced) carbon embodied in imports and (potentially) rebating carbon costs on exports. At the same time, BCA are seen as measures that may have protectionist motivation and shift the burden of climate policy onto poorer developing economies that bear less historical responsibility for climate change, have limited financial and technological capacity for decarbonization, and may depend on CO₂-intensive exports. For an informed policy debate, understanding how BCA alter the economic burden of unilateral emissions pricing across all countries is essential. However, quantitative impact estimates derived from ex-ante simulation analyses vary considerably in the applied economic literature due to divergent assumptions on key drivers whose relative importance is difficult to distinguish from the outset. Based on controlled simulations with a large-scale computable general equilibrium model of global trade and carbon use, this paper provides a systematic sensitivity analysis of three fundamental dimensions that determine the impacts of BCA: (i) the policy design of BCA; (ii) the price responsiveness of supply and demand; and (iii) the input-output data characterizing initial heterogeneities of production, consumption, and trade patterns across countries. |
| Keywords: | border carbon adjustments, multi-region input-output analysis, computable general equilibrium analysis |
| JEL: | Q58 D57 D58 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12751 |
| By: | Binja Bujiriri, David; Bisimwa Rusaki, Moïse; Bazirogwere Nabwibizi, Bazzy; Mugisho Kulimbwira, Aristide; Bulonza Muganzi, Déogratias; Bahati Bujingo, Jean de Dieu; Bulonza Bayongwa, Prince; Cizungu Bazibuhe, Désiré; Ushindi Muvanga, Marthe |
| Abstract: | This study analyzes the impact of malnutrition on the health of pregnant women in Bugorhe, based on a survey conducted in January 2026 among 177 women. The results show that malnutrition, mainly linked to unemployment, low household income and limited access to nutritious food, contributes to miscarriages, stillbirths and low birth weight. |
| Keywords: | Impact, malnutrition, health, pregnant women |
| JEL: | I12 I15 I18 J13 O15 |
| Date: | 2026–01–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:128695 |
| By: | Peter Huybers; Marco Tabellini; Charles A. Taylor; Francesco Toti |
| Abstract: | What factors drove human migration before modern states, markets, and borders? We develop a sorting framework in which climate-specific subsistence knowledge depreciates with ecological distance. To test this, we use ancient DNA identity-by-descent segments to construct bilateral migration flows across Western Eurasia over the last 10, 000 years. We document three main findings. First, migration flows decline with differences in growing degree days, precipitation, and soil characteristics between origins and destinations. Second, the binding factor varies across subsistence systems: farmers exhibit strong thermal and soil matching, while pastoralists match most strongly on precipitation. Third, periods of warming increase farmer expansion while cooling increases pastoral expansion in patterns that recover known archaeological migration episodes. Migration also acts as a margin of climate adaptation: populations exposed to temperature change move to destinations that partly offset the shift. |
| JEL: | N01 N50 O13 Q54 Z13 |
| Date: | 2026–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:35371 |
| By: | Kumar, Naveen |
| Abstract: | This paper provides novel subnational evidence on the inflationary effects of climate shocks in India using monthly data for 21 states during 2013–2023 and panel local projections. Four main findings emerge. First, temperature shocks persistently raise both headline and food inflation, with no evidence of mean reversion over the medium run. Second, these effects are heterogeneous, with stronger responses in rural areas, post-monsoon months, and agriculture-dependent states. Third, the response is asymmetric: warm anomalies drive most of the inflationary effect through agricultural supply disruptions, while cold anomalies remain statistically insignificant. Fourth, flexible inflation targeting weakens, but does not eliminate, climate induced inflationary pressures. |
| Date: | 2026–06–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:uj8s3_v1 |
| By: | Jonathan Dries |
| Abstract: | Over the past two decades, millions of hectares of land in Africa have been transferred to investors, raising fears of displacement and conflict. This paper estimates the causal impact of large-scale land acquisitions (LSLAs) on local dissent by comparing successfully implemented projects to a control group of exogenously failed deals. Using staggered difference-in-differences estimators across 1, 391 geocoded deals, I find that LSLAs cause a sustained increase in civic unrest of 158% relative to the pre-treatment mean. Protest responses are strongest among domestic investors acquiring community or state land for food-crop production, pointing to local dispossession and domestic elite capture. Integrating media, survey, and electoral data consistent with this hypothesis, I document parallel shifts in property-rights media discourse, an erosion of traditional authority, and broader electoral mobilization in affected constituencies. |
| Date: | 2026–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2606.09642 |
| By: | Ying Chen; Paul Cheshire; Xiangqing Wang; You-Sin Wang |
| Abstract: | Do delivery apps reduce or enhance the attraction of cities? |
| Keywords: | food delivery services, housing markets, urban amenities, platform technology, china |
| Date: | 2026–06–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cep:cepcnp:741 |
| By: | Abitbol, Mathias; Aghion, Philippe; Antonin, Céline; Barrage, Lint; Lengereau, Benjamin |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the environmental effects of the large-scale deployment of AI-driven monitoring systems across French wastewater treatment plants operated by a global leader in water supply services. Exploiting quasi-experimental variation in both the timing of adoption and outages thanks to high-frequency data, we estimate the causal impact of AI on energy use and carbon emissions. We find that AI has allowed treated plants to reduce their electricity consumption and carbon emissions by 5.4% and 6% respectively, and electricity costs by 8.2%, resulting in negative abatement costs, and still improved water effluent quality. The additional electricity demand generated by AI servers represents less than 1% of these savings. Beyond average effects, AI-equipped plants exhibit greater resilience to high operational stress, including extreme meteorological events and chemical pollutant peaks. They also improve load management by reallocating consumption from peak toward off-peak hours. Finally, we assess the aggregate implications of our findings for global climate and welfare using the DICE model. We find large estimated global welfare gains associated with our estimate of AI-induced CO2 reductions. |
| Date: | 2026–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:21576 |
| By: | Simeon Human (RAU - Royal Agricultural University, University of Gloucestershire [Gloucester]) |
| Abstract: | Purpose: value chain transparency and circularity are tested as concepts that could enable Ivorian cocoa farmers to maintain a living income, defined as the amount needed for a household to afford a decent standard of living. The Fair Score Framework is a proposed conceptual framework designed to measure value chain fairness. Its development responds to calls in the literature for improved implementation of the circular economy. Methodology: this study uses a qualitative approach, combining a narrative review with a conceptual framework development design. The primary dataset includes a farmer questionnaire (n=215), consumer questionnaire (n=212), and semi-structured interviews (n=12). The research is guided by consumption theory, drawing on Keynes, Friedman, and Modigliani. Findings: farmers suggest that adopting circular practices yields minimal income gains unless value chain inequalities are structurally addressed. Consumers from six countries increased the share paid to farmers by 7.41% after watching an informational video. A Cronbach's Alpha of 0.79 confirms acceptable reliability. Interviewees noted that while circularity may reduce waste, it cannot ensure poverty alleviation in its current form. This presents an opportunity to develop entrepreneurial circular business models that address income distribution. Originality: entrepreneurial circular business models could be leveraged by incorporating the Fair Score Framework, using the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Nutri-Score label and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Circularity Scoreboard as reference points. Keywords: Circular economy; Cocoa; Living income; Transparency; Consumer; Entrepreneurial Circular Business Model; Value Chain. |
| Abstract: | Objectif : La transparence et la circularité de la chaîne de valeur sont testées comme des concepts susceptibles de permettre aux producteurs de cacao ivoiriens de maintenir un revenu vital, défini comme le montant dont un ménage a besoin pour accéder à un niveau de vie décent. Le Fair Score Framework est un cadre conceptuel proposé, conçu pour mesurer l'équité au sein de la chaîne de valeur. Son élaboration répond aux appels de la littérature en faveur d'une meilleure mise en œuvre de l'économie circulaire. Méthodologie : Cette étude adopte une approche qualitative, combinant une revue narrative de la littérature et un dispositif de développement de cadre conceptuel. Le corpus empirique principal comprend un questionnaire auprès des producteurs (n = 215), un questionnaire auprès des consommateurs (n = 212) et des entretiens semi‑directifs (n = 12). La recherche est guidée par la théorie de la consommation, en s'appuyant sur les travaux de Keynes, Friedman et Modigliani. Résultats : Les producteurs indiquent que l'adoption de pratiques circulaires ne génère que des gains de revenu limités tant que les inégalités au sein de la chaîne de valeur ne sont pas traitées de manière structurelle. Les consommateurs de six pays ont augmenté la part versée aux producteurs de 7, 41 % après le visionnage d'une vidéo d'information. Un alpha de Cronbach de 0, 79 confirme une fiabilité jugée acceptable. Les personnes interrogées soulignent que, si la circularité peut réduire le gaspillage, elle ne permet pas, en l'état, de garantir la réduction de la pauvreté. Cela ouvre une opportunité de développer des modèles d'affaires circulaires entrepreneuriaux qui prennent explicitement en compte la répartition des revenus. Originalité : Les modèles d'affaires circulaires entrepreneuriaux pourraient être mobilisés en intégrant le Fair Score Framework, en s'appuyant sur les Objectifs de développement durable des Nations unies, le Nutri‑Score et le tableau de bord de la circularité de l'OCDE comme points de référence. Mots-clés : Économie circulaire ; Cacao ; Revenu vital ; Transparence ; Consommateur ; Modèle d'affaires circulaire entrepreneurial ; Chaîne de valeur. |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurial Circular Business Model, Circular economy, Cocoa, Living income, Transparency, Value chain, Consumer, Consommateur, Modèle d’affaires circulaire entrepreneurial, Chaîne de valeur, Transparence, Revenu vital, Cacao, Économie circulaire |
| Date: | 2026–03–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05577901 |
| By: | Daud, Ataullah; Jadoon, Atif Khan; Ali, Amjad; Audi, Marc |
| Abstract: | Green finance frameworks such as taxonomies, mandatory disclosure requirements, external verification mechanisms, and supervisory monitoring systems continue to expand, concerns regarding regulatory effectiveness, enforcement quality, and compliance-related constraints have got significant attention among policymakers. This study examines the relationship among regulatory design frameworks, enforcement capacity, and compliance-coordination frictions in shaping post-issuance green finance disclosure outcomes in developing economies. The study adopts a mixed-method research design comprising two empirical stages. The first stage utilizes a perception-based survey of green finance market participants to evaluate the influence of regulatory structures and institutional coordination mechanisms on disclosure practices. The second stage employs a cross-jurisdictional panel dataset to examine both the direct and moderating effects of governance quality as a proxy for enforcement capacity. The empirical analysis was conducted using regression-based estimation techniques to assess the relationships among the study variables. The findings indicate that well-structured regulatory design frameworks significantly improve post-issuance green finance disclosure outcomes, while stronger governance quality and institutional enforcement capacity further enhance regulatory effectiveness. However, the interaction between regulatory design and governance quality explains that stronger institutional environments may partially substitute for extensive regulatory complexity rather than merely reinforcing it. In addition, compliance and coordination frictions negatively affect disclosure quality and implementation efficiency across green finance systems. The results emphasize the importance of balanced regulatory structures, institutional effectiveness, and coordinated implementation mechanisms in strengthening green finance disclosure practices within developing economies. |
| Keywords: | Green Finance, Regulatory Design, Enforcement Capacity, Post-Issuance Disclosure, Quality of Governance |
| JEL: | G28 H11 Q56 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:129351 |
| By: | Phoebe Koundouri (Dept. of International and European Economic Studies, Athens University of Economics and Business); Angelos Alamanos; Giannis Arampatzidis; Ebun Akinsete (ICRE8); Dimitris Raptis; Anna Triantafyllidou |
| Abstract: | Crises such as rapid population and demand growth, droughts, resource availability fluctuations, and supply-chain disruptions increasingly expose hidden fragilities in socio-technical systems. At the same time, they generate political momentum and practical urgency for institutional and governance innovation, as emergency measures often become prototypes for routine practice. This paper develops a national-scale, multi-sector water-energy-emissions (W-E-E) scenario model for Rwanda and uses it to test how demand growth, hydrological stress, and supply-side choices jointly shape future energy security and emissions trajectories through 2050. The analysis shows that, under SSP2 and especially SSP5 growth conditions, emissions remain strongly demand-driven; therefore, even ambitious demand-side and supply-side measures are best interpreted as pathways that moderate, rather than fully reverse, emissions growth. The contribution of the study is to identify which combinations of efficiency, electrification, renewable deployment, thermal retirement, and hydrological risk management most effectively reduce system stress and improve resilience under compound crises. |
| Keywords: | Water-energy-emissions nexus, Multi-crisis scenario analysis, LEAP, Hydropower, Energy system resilience, Droughts, Rwanda |
| Date: | 2026–06–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2618 |
| By: | David Moroz (Métis Lab EM Normandie - EM Normandie - École de Management de Normandie = EM Normandie Business School) |
| Abstract: | Face au changement climatique qui nous impose de repenser notre alimentation et, par extension, notre production agricole, il s'avère de plus en plus nécessaire de revisiter la nature du lien pouvant exister entre la qualité d'un produit agricole et le sol dont il est issu. Ce lien se matérialise dans les contours d'un concept fort connu dans le secteur viticole : le terroir. |
| Keywords: | Vin, Agriculture, Changement climatique, Terroir, Appellation d'origine protégée (AOP), série « Terres de vins », Indication géographique protégée (IGP) |
| Date: | 2024–07–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05620888 |
| By: | Ross, Michelle; Mishchenko, Vitaliia; Tyack, Nicholas |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:activa:404162 |
| By: | Stefano Carattini; Pamela Giustinelli; Marcella Veronesi; Pamela Giustinelli |
| Abstract: | Knowledge gaps and biased beliefs concerning both climate change and climate policy represent major obstacles to the decarbonization process. Climate education may offer a scalable solution to address such obstacles. In the context of a national reform of the school curriculum in Italy, we implemented a nationwide field experiment, training thousands of secondary school teachers across thousands of schools using a staggered design. Our intervention, a comprehensive course on climate change and climate policy, goes beyond the light-touch interventions typical in the literature. Using extensive survey data, we examine how training affects teachers' knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, behaviors, and policy preferences and, in turn, those of students. Our study highlights important initial knowledge gaps and biased beliefs about climate change among teachers and students, and provides evidence that climate education can address them at scale. Following our intervention, teachers and students also reconsider their support for climate policies. |
| Keywords: | climate change and policy, field experiment, biased beliefs, public support, climate education, secondary schools |
| JEL: | C93 D72 D83 Q54 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12720 |
| By: | Ebun Akinsete (ICRE8); Konstantinos Georgalos; Phoebe Koundouri (Dept. of International and European Economic Studies, Athens University of Economics and Business); Anastasia Litina; Lydia Papadaki; Nikitas Pittis (University of Piraeus, Greece); Panagiotis Samartzis |
| Abstract: | This paper provides an overview of the evolving role of fairness in economic thought and discusses how it is related to contemporary policy design. We first discuss the conceptual foundations of fairness in economics by discussing the notions of equity, justice, and efficiency and highlighting they're between differences. Acknowledging the tradeoff between fairness and allocative efficiency we discuss how the economics discipline has addressed this challenge and has provided tools that facilitate prioritizing and decision making. We then study how we can measure and capture fairness in a way that will allow us to quantify the concept and include it in our theoretical and empirical models as well as in experimental settings. Third, we highlight the policy implications associated with fairness literature. Last, the paper applies these theoretical insights to the governance of water resources-a sector where distributional conflicts, environmental constraints, and institutional complexity intersect. Relying on interdisciplinary research and policy examples, we uncover how fairness principles can shape water allocation, access, and pricing. The paper overall argues that accounting for fairness more explicitly into economic analysis can enrich both normative and practical policy frameworks, especially in resource-scarce contexts. |
| Date: | 2026–06–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2615 |
| By: | Kiran, Ramia; Jadoon, Atif Khan; Ali, Amjad |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the influence of value-chain configuration on innovation dynamics within traditional bioeconomy sectors, with specific evidence drawn from the sugar industry in Pakistan. A quantitative research design was employed using questionnaire data collected from 197 respondents, including producers, processors, managers, technical experts, and knowledge intermediaries operating across the Pakistani sugar-industry value chain. The analysis was conducted using Jamovi and SPSS software through descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, mediation analysis, and moderation analysis. The findings reveal that value-chain configuration exerts a significant positive influence on innovation dynamics by strengthening coordination mechanisms, facilitating knowledge-sharing practices, and enhancing organisational learning capabilities. The study further demonstrates that absorptive capacity and collaboration-oriented knowledge requirements partially mediate the relationship between value-chain configuration and innovation dynamics. The results indicate that innovation within traditional bioeconomy sectors remains predominantly incremental, efficiency-oriented, and interaction-driven rather than strongly technology-driven. In addition, competition and cost pressures were found to negatively moderate the relationship between value-chain configuration and innovation dynamics, explaining that excessive market pressure can weaken the innovation benefits associated with coordinated governance structures. These findings highlight the importance of collaborative governance frameworks, institutional support mechanisms, and inter-organisational learning processes in promoting sustainability-oriented innovation within traditional bioeconomy industries in Pakistan. The study offers valuable implications for policymakers and industry stakeholders seeking to strengthen innovation performance through improved coordination, knowledge integration, and strategic value-chain governance. |
| Keywords: | Value-Chain Configuration, Innovation Dynamics, Bioeconomy, Absorptive Capacity |
| JEL: | D24 O31 Q57 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:129350 |