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on Agricultural Economics |
| By: | Javier Aliaga Lordemann (Investigador senior asociado de INESAD); Adriana Caballero Caballero (Investigadora Junior de INESAD) |
| Abstract: | This study analyzes the sustainable production cost, integrating the recovery of agricultural heritage (COSPH), for quinoa cultivation in the Bolivian High Plateau (Altiplano), seeking to answer: How much does it cost to make quinoa production sustainable over time in Bolivia? And, How does this change when considering agricultural heritage conservation? Specifically, the study evaluates how good agricultural practices (GAP) can mitigate climate change impacts and whether they are cost-effective, integrating the costs of agricultural heritage, which are particularly important for the quinoa real (royal quinoa) crop in Bolivia. Methodologically, the research combines a microeconomic model of imperfect competition calibrated for quinoa — capturing price differentiation based on sustainability and heritage conservation — with the NL-CROP model (Non-Linear Crop Optimization Model), which simulates non-linear interactions between climate, soil, and farming practices. Key findings show that GAP significantly reduce yield losses: under moderate climate conditions, productivity declines decrease from 5-7% to 1.8-2%, while in extreme events, losses drop from 16-30% to 2.5-6.2%, attributed to sustainable soil management. GAP remain viable in scenarios with up to two to three standard deviations, where profit margins cover additional costs. However, in severe crises (50% yield losses), negative margins (-4.7%) make agricultural insurance necessary (premiums of 7-10%), as well as tailored policies to balance climate adaptation with smallholders' economic viability. When heritage conservation costs are included (COSPH), results show improved resilience (yield loss reduced to 10.5% under a moderate climate scenario) at a moderate additional cost (5.75% compared to 5%), suggesting that preserving agroecological heritage contributes to long-term sustainability. These findings highlight the strategic role of combining sustainable agriculture with the protection of cultural landscapes in vulnerable highland farming in Bolivia. |
| Keywords: | sustainable production costs, agricultural heritage, quinoa economics, agriculture and environment, small farmers, climate change adaptation. |
| JEL: | O13 Q12 Q15 Q18 Q54 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:adv:wpaper:202507 |
| By: | Denning, Glenn |
| Abstract: | Achieving universal food security — healthy diets for all, from sustainable food systems — will require a comprehensive investment strategy that increases food supply, enhances distribution and access, reduces food losses and waste, and improves nutrition for all, while addressing and mitigating climate change. Despite increases in agricultural productivity and a sharp reduction in the proportion of undernourished people over the past 50 years, universal food security remains elusive. About 673 million people — 8.2 percent of the world population — are undernourished, and almost three billion people cannot afford a healthy diet. Our food systems are vulnerable to climate change while contributing one third of greenhouse gas emissions. Conflict and trade disruptions further compound the challenge and undermine past successes. Yet, we are incongruously underinvesting in agricultural improvement and food systems transformation, beginning with woefully inadequate support for international agricultural research: the foundation for more productive and resilient food systems. Food security has emerged as a geopolitical priority across the Indo-Pacific region. Leaders of China, India, ASEAN nations, the Pacific, and beyond have raised alarms and are looking for actionable policies and investments. In this address, I will outline a set of practical actions that Australia could take to advance food security in the Indo-Pacific region. Stepped-up action and investment by Australia in support of agricultural research and development would be widely welcomed in the region. As a nation, we have exceptional expertise and well-established partnership models in agriculture and food security that, if better supported and deployed, could serve our collective desire for regional peace and prosperity. |
| Keywords: | Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391422 |
| By: | Eckard, Richard |
| Abstract: | Agriculture produces between 12 and 14% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, excluding transport and processing. While there are options to reduce GHG emissions from agricultural production, food security could also be considered the most legitimate form of GHG emission. The main GHG emissions from agriculture are methane, associated with rice and livestock production, and nitrous oxide associated with nitrogen inputs. Agricultural land can also sequester carbon in soils and trees and, while this is an important contribution, it is perhaps only reversing the land use change disturbance created for agriculture in the first place. A recent assessment by the Net Zero Australia plan concluded that current reliance by the large industrial emitters on the land sector to provide their offsets are questionable, as agriculture on its own will struggle to meet its stated value chain targets, including insetting all available sequestration. Reducing livestock numbers has often been touted as an overly simplistic solution to reducing agricultural GHG emissions, forgetting that most livestock exist in lower socioeconomic regions and are integral to their food security and livelihoods.Taking a more multi-functional perspective of livestock in subsistence agricultural systems shows that the GHG emissions attributable to meat or milk can be much lower than those of industrial farming systems. Livestock are integral to a largely vegetarian diet in subsistence agricultural systems, without which industrial fertilisers and diesel would be required to produce crops. The production and use of industrial fertilisers contributes approximately 5% of global GHG, but almost half of the world’s population is dependent on industrial nitrogen for their food security. Options are emerging to reduce enteric methane by more than 80% and estimates show that improving nitrogen use efficiency can reduce nitrous oxide emissions by over 50%. However, few of these options are profitable, and even less are relevant to extensive or subsistence agricultural systems. While some agricultural systems can achieve net zero GHG emissions, there are inevitable GHG emissions associated with agricultural production. However, the land use sector also manages significant natural resources and perhaps the future lies in striking a balance between biodiversity and mitigation in a more integrated approach. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391423 |
| By: | Biswabara Sahu (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Ritika Juneja (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Sachchida Nand; Ashok Gulati |
| Abstract: | India's remarkable economic and agricultural transformation over the past six decades underscores both its achievements and emerging challenges in food and nutritional security. From producing 82 million tonnes (Mt) of foodgrains in 1960–61 to approximately 357.7 Mt in 2024–25, India has not only met the caloric needs of its rapidly growing population but has also become the largest exporter of rice globally, shipping over 20.2 Mt in FY2025 alone. At the same time, the country administers the PM-Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY), the world's most extensive public food distribution scheme, which supplies 5 kg of free rice or wheat monthly to more than 800 million people. This combination of high production and subsidised access to basic staples has led to historic public food stocks, with the Food Corporation of India holding close to 57 Mt of rice — nearly four times the strategic buffer norm as of mid-2025. These gains have occurred alongside a significant reduction in extreme poverty, which has declined from 27.1 percent in 2011 to 5.3 percent in 2022. Despite these positive trends in food availability and poverty alleviation, chronic undernutrition persists, particularly among children. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5, 2019–21) shows that 35.5 per cent of children under the age of five are stunted, 32.1 percent are underweight, and 19.3 percent are wasted, revealing that caloric sufficiency alone does not guarantee nutritional well-being. These figures highlight the need to broaden the definition of food security to include nutrient quality, dietary diversity, and the micronutrient content of diets. |
| Keywords: | Soil Health, Plant Growth, Nutrition, Agriculture, Phosphorus, Potassium, Micronutrients, icrier |
| Date: | 2026–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:report:26-r-03 |
| By: | Hanifah, Vyta |
| Abstract: | Approximately 99% of Indonesian dairy farmers reside on Java Island, where small-scale farms (typically managing fewer than four cows and selling through local cooperatives) dominate dairy production. Despite their size, these farms play a vital role in sustaining rural economies and social structures. Women in dairy households contribute significantly to the dairy labour force, including feeding, watering, milking, managing manure, maintaining animal health, processing, and selling dairy products for income. Drawing on experiences from the Women’s Discussion Group initiatives under the IndoDairy (ACIAR-funded) and 1000 Srikandi (ADB-funded) projects, this case study illustrates how gender-sensitive technologies (i.e. mastitis testing using detergent or ‘surf’ test) and gender-inclusive extension services (i.e. hands-on training for women) enhance household resilience and foster food system sustainability. Analysis using a modified version of IFPRI’s Abbreviated Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (A-WEAI) reveals that women in these households are, on average, as empowered as men. The key drivers of this parity include shared responsibilities in farm management and asset ownership, control over income, and active participation in informal groups, though interestingly, not in dairy-related groups (e.g. cooperatives). A deeper examination of the A-WEAI domains, however, reveals persistent challenges in access to credit. Additionally, women’s participation in dairy cooperatives remains limited due to structural and cultural barriers, restricting involvement in decision-making and hindering access to key services and information. While high-level metrics (like A-WEAI) provide a useful tool to measure progress over time, this case study illustrates the need for nuance in the local context as we strive for climate-resilient and inclusive food systems. |
| Keywords: | Livestock Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391435 |
| By: | Edgar S. Correa (PUJ - Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, UMR AGAP - Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier, Cirad-BIOS - Département Systèmes Biologiques - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement) |
| Abstract: | Dynamic modelling of water redistribution across 3D surfaces drives understanding from landscape hydrology to microscale flow patterns. Drought vulnerability assessment in agricultural systems remains increasingly critical under climate change. Yet current frameworks lack explicit integration of terrain-mediated hydrological processes with dynamic agricultural impacts-an opportunity for advancing vulnerability assessments. Existing topographic indices-particularly the widely-used Topographic Wetness Index (TWI)-exhibit numerical instability in low-gradient terrains and fail to detect microtopographic variations controlling water retention. These indices treat terrain as static geometry rather than capturing the divergence-driven dynamics that govern water redistribution across 3D surfaces. This study introduces the Runoff Potential Index (RPI), a divergence-based terrain metric: RPI(x, y) = ∇ 2 z/(|∇z| + ε), integrating local terrain curvature (via Laplacian of elevation) with slope magnitude. The Laplacian operator (∇ 2 z) quantifies flow convergence and divergencetransforming static terrain into a dynamic representation of water redistribution governed by surface morphology. The framework combines: (1) RPI terrain analysis using satellite-derived elevation data for upland-lowland differentiation based on water redistribution patterns, and (2) CERES-Rice dynamic crop modeling driven entirely by Earth observation data to evaluate drought stress across varying crop growth cycles. The RPI maintained analytical sensitivity across subtle elevation gradients (0.7-1.8 m variations) where TWI becomes unstable, successfully detecting centimeter-scale microtopographic variations critical for water retention. Terrain analysis revealed lowland areas achieving 200 kg/ha higher yields than uplands. CERES-Rice simulations (2000-2019) identified optimal sowing windows minimizing drought stress, with delayed sowing causing yield reductions exceeding 1, 500 kg/ha. This Earth observation framework enables drought vulnerability mapping without in-situ environmental measurements, supporting global climate adaptation. The approach provides field-specific sowing recommendations preventing 45-73% yield losses and satellite-based drought risk assessment accessible to smallholder farmers, directly supporting SDG 13.1 and 13.3. The divergence-based formulation extends beyond agriculture to any system where surface flow dynamics govern spatial heterogeneity-from watershed hydrology to cellular environments where substrate gradients drive biological dynamics. |
| Keywords: | Biosystems engineering, Earth observation, Laplacian terrain metric, Divergence-based analysis, water Redistribution, Climate adaptation, Drought stress, Crop modelling |
| Date: | 2026–02–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05509366 |
| By: | Akter, Sonia |
| Abstract: | Climate change is intensifying the frequency and severity of climatic hazards, disrupting agricultural systems and reshaping rural livelihoods worldwide. In climatevulnerable countries like Cambodia, these disruptions are also transforming gender roles within agriculture. While the feminisation of agriculture—where women assume greater agricultural responsibilities as men transition to non-farm work—has been widely observed, less is known about whether this trend also extends to women’s involvement in farm-level decision-making. This case study examines the relationship between climate change adaptation, climatic hazards, and the multidimensional feminisation of agriculture in Cambodia. Using nationally representative, sex-disaggregated data from the Cambodia Agriculture Survey (2019–2021), covering over 40, 000 households, we analyse shifts in women’s roles as unpaid family labourers, hired workers, and decision-makers in agricultural production. Our findings show a significant increase in women’s participation in all aspects of agriculture during the study period. Feminisation was more pronounced in female-headed households, those heavily dependent on agriculture for income, and those exposed to climatic shocks—especially droughts and floods. We find that crop and livelihood diversification, key household adaptation strategies, are strongly associated with increased female labour and decision-making roles. By contrast, we find little evidence that male outmigration or non-climatic hazards (e.g., pests & diseases) are major drivers of feminisation in this context. These results highlight the need for gender-responsive agricultural and climate adaptation policies. In particular, agricultural extension programs should actively support women’s access to climate-smart technologies, training, and resources—especially in areas most affected by climate change—so that women’s growing role in agriculture translates into greater resilience rather than deepening the burdens of climate stress. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391432 |
| By: | Medalla, Jerelyn B.; Orlanes, Glenda T.; Ampoloquio, Ereca P.; Tagas, Precious Dane P. |
| Abstract: | This study examines the economic, structural, and sustainability dimensions of the coffee value chain in Region X (Northern Mindanao), focusing on Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental, emerging centers for Robusta and Arabica production in the Philippines. It highlights coffee's growing significance in the national agenda, as noted in the Philippine Coffee Industry Roadmap, and the rising interest among upland farmers in specialty coffee, value-added processing, and climate-resilient agricultural livelihoods. A mixed-methods design captured the value chain's multifaceted nature and the diverse experiences of industry actors. Quantitative data were collected from 150 coffee farmers through structured surveys, while qualitative insights came from key informant interviews and focus group discussions with cooperative leaders, traders, processors, and local government representatives. These primary data were supplemented by secondary data from the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), the Department of Agriculture, and studies from the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS). Porter's Value Chain Framework analyzed primary activities—input procurement, farm production, postharvest handling, processing, and marketing—and support functions like extension services, financing, training, infrastructure, and governance. Profitability assessments used standard farm-management indicators, specifically Return on Investment (ROI) and Return on Sales (ROS), to evaluate the economic viability of various coffee products. The findings show that value addition is crucial for farmer profitability. ROI significantly increases when producers engage in drying, hulling, and quality upgrading instead of selling cherries immediately after harvest. Profitability for fresh cherries ranged from 55–60 percent, while dried parchment and hulled beans generated ROI values of 85–95 percent. Arabica green beans had the highest overall profitability (ROI 95%, ROS 40%), demonstrating the premium potential of high-altitude Arabica from Bukidnon. Robusta, especially when processed into dried or hulled forms, also yielded competitive returns, underscoring its commercial relevance in Region X. However, economic gains are hindered by structural constraints, including limited access to certified seedlings, inconsistent drying infrastructure, inadequate mechanization, low cooperative participation, and trader-driven markets with limited transparency. SWOT and TOWS analyses reveal opportunities for upgrading, such as regional branding initiatives, digital traceability systems, farmer clustering, and cooperative consolidation. Risks remain, notably climate variability, aging trees, and price volatility in domestic and international markets. The study concludes that enhancing postharvest systems, strengthening extension and technical services, and establishing unified regional governance are vital for improving the competitiveness and sustainability of the Region X coffee value chain. These recommendations align with the Philippine Coffee Roadmap's goals of increasing productivity, quality, and long-term resilience across the sector. Comments to this paper are welcome within 60 days from the date of posting. Email publications@pids.gov.ph. |
| Keywords: | coffee value chain, economic analysis, smallholder farmers, sustainability, value-addition |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:dpaper:dp_2026-02 |
| By: | Tairea, Selane |
| Abstract: | Climate change is already a critical issue for Pacific nations and threatens the ability of local farmers to produce crops. Despite this issue, farmers have been historically left out when it comes to research. Understanding Pacific farmers’ experiences of climate change, the way they adapt in response, and the challenges they face in sustaining their production is essential. This study analyses the adaptation methods used by farmers in Rarotonga, Cook Islands, using data from a survey conducted by PHOAFS Regional Research Agenda partners across multiple Pacific countries. A sample of 174 farmers were surveyed across August-September 2024. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were employed. Farmers reported experiencing inconsistent rainfall (49%), rising temperatures (50%) and increasing frequency and/or severity of droughts (49%). Overall, most farmers (87.9%) had made at least one adaptation method in response to changing weather patterns and were more likely to adapt in response to increasing drought conditions. The major adaptation methods implemented by Rarotonga farmers were crop and soil management methods (52% of all adaptations), such as crop rotation, mulching, and composting. Contrary to other bits of research, there were no demographic factors influencing farmers’ likelihood of adapting. The findings from this research illustrate that farming is holistic. And point to a practical focus on increasing support from the government through improving opportunities for education and access to resources. |
| Keywords: | Farm Management |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391434 |
| By: | Radanielson, Ando |
| Abstract: | Rice consumption is expected to increase by up to 50% from 2010 levels by 2050, with demand largely in Asia and, more recently in Africa. Rice-growing areas will need to intensify and expand in these regions. Conventional intensified irrigated rice systems have been critical in ensuring global food security. They are also among the major sources of anthropogenic Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly methane and nitrous oxide. Practice changes towards climate-smart agriculture and low-emissions management, such as direct seeded rice (DSR), alternate wetting and drying (AWD), short duration variety and improved straw management, have led to increased yields, reduced inputs use and cost of production, and GHG emission reductions averaging from 7% to 30% across different regions. These benefits are site-specific and depend on the local context of production, requiring strategic packaging and targeted implementation. This presentation will provide an overview of our current understanding of the impacts and co-benefits of proven low-emission practices as well as the challenges to their scalability. We will also explore emerging technologies such as varietal improvement and soil health engineering that present potential for emission reductions. Finally, we will discuss how these solutions can accelerate the system transformation and how partnerships and collaboration among development organisations, private and public institutions can co-create ethical and sustainable impact for rice farmers, consumers, and the planet at scale. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391424 |
| By: | Sarmento da Silva, Acacio |
| Abstract: | Timor-Leste is highly vulnerable to climate-related disasters, with a food system heavily reliant on imports, contributing to widespread malnutrition, particularly among women and children. Fisheries, managed appropriately, can provide a climate-resilient source of nutrients and income to the vulnerable households, as fish can still be harvested from the sea during natural disasters or food system disruptions and during COVID – 19 pandemics, ensuring food availability and stability in local contexts. However, the sector remains maledominated, and women’s critical roles, such as gleaning aquatic foods, processing and trading, are often overlooked in policy and governance. We present a project aimed at fostering women’s participation in fisheries governance by establishing co-management committees in coastal communities. These committees ensure women’s representation and members are trained in climate-smart practices for coastal resource management. Through the committees, communities participate in trainings in fish processing and business literacy, strengthening resilient livelihoods with gender sensitive technologies while promoting the nutritional value of aquatic foods, particularly for pregnant and lactating women and young children. The project estimated the contribution of gleaning and fisheries to local diets by analysing the nutrient content of 32 aquatic species caught by both women and men fishers and quantifying their consumption. This research demonstrates that these resources are vital for year-round nutrition security and highlights the importance of gleaning in local food systems. Incorporating women’s knowledge and practices into coastal management is essential to enhancing food security and the sustainability of marine resources. By fostering the participation of women in co-management committees and valorising gleaning, we make a compelling case for including women’s voices in fisheries governance to support climate resilience and enhance food systems’ sustainability. |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391433 |
| By: | Diana Dorobantu (Institut de Science Financières et d'Assurance, LSAF - Laboratoire de Sciences Actuarielle et Financière - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon); Gia Hien Pham |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes how the agricultural insurance market is adapting to climate change, particularly as extreme weather events become more frequent and severe. We focus on the optimal decision faced by a risk-averse farmer who wants to insure their crop while making savings. They can choose between a traditional loss-based insurance, index-based insurance or a mix of both. By maximizing the farmer's CARA utility function, we show that in some cases, a mixed insurance strategy is more advantageous than a single contract. In our model, the farmer insures only part of the crop when the market interest rate is strictly positive. Demand for traditional and index insurance depends on their respective prices. Highly risk-averse farmers prefer traditional insurance. A numerical application to the French agriculture sector indicates that mean spring temperature primarily affects winter barley yield and could therefore be the main indicator for index-based insurance design. Insurance simulations using the theoretical model and the estimated results further illustrate these findings. |
| Keywords: | Agriculture yields, Loss-Based Insurance, Index Insurance, CARA utility function, Utility maximization, Utility maximization CARA utility function Index Insurance Loss-Based Insurance Agriculture yields |
| Date: | 2025–12–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05318094 |
| By: | Webb, Leanne |
| Abstract: | Over the recent few years, two research projects were separately undertaken to support Australia’s and Vanuatu’s agricultural sectors, demonstrating how the provision of climate services can help producers identify and understand future challenges. Both projects explored climate change related impacts for different crops, assessing production suitability under current and future climates. Here, we consider both the commonalities and differences in the approaches and outputs in providing climate information to farmers in each country. For example, while the web interface of My Climate View (Australia) and the Van-KIRAP climate change portal (Vanuatu) were both designed for sectoral users to access, the Australian project was location-specific and Vanuatu’s output was more regional. We also consider the strengths from both projects and provide actionable recommendations that can be implemented in similar projects going forward. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391426 |
| By: | Interagency Agricultural Projections Committee; Dohlman, Erik; Chambers, William |
| Abstract: | This report provides projections for the agricultural sector to 2035. Projections cover agricultural commodities, agricultural trade, and aggregate indicators of the sector, such as farm income. The projections are based on specific assumptions, including a macroeconomic scenario, existing U.S. policy, and current international agreements. Provisions of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, as extended and revised in the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA, H.R.1) of July 2025 are assumed to remain in effect through the projection period. The projections are one representative scenario for the agricultural sector and reflect a composite of model results and judgment-based analyses. The projections in this report were prepared using data through the November 2025 World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report, except where noted otherwise. Macroeconomic assumptions were completed in September 2025. The analysis of the international baseline projections for global trade to 2035 was not conducted in 2026 and will not be published. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Dairy Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Financial Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics, Productivity Analysis, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usdami:393820 |
| By: | Tsiboe, Francis; Osei, Evelyn |
| Abstract: | Government-subsidized agricultural insurance plays a central role in managing farm risk in the United States but also represents a substantial and growing cost to taxpayers. This study examines how routine actuarial updates to insurance pricing affect taxpayer outlays in the U.S. Federal Crop Insurance Program. Using a counterfactual simulation framework and national actuarial and summary-of-business data from 2002 to 2024, the analysis compares observed outcomes with scenarios in which insurance rates were not updated from one year to the next. The results show that routine actuarial adjustments are associated with significant reductions in taxpayer costs, averaging about 10 percent per year under the full Risk Management Agency update pattern. Targeted updates to specific pricing components, particularly reference yields, generate even larger cost reductions. These savings arise from improved alignment between premiums and realized loss risk and occur without reductions in premium subsidies or coverage levels. The findings highlight the importance of pricing accuracy for the fiscal performance and long-run sustainability of the crop insurance program. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2026–02–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:arpcbr:393785 |
| By: | Najjuma, Roselyn; Battisti, Giuliana |
| Abstract: | Access to finance is crucial for achieving sustainability goals, especially for poor and developing countries in the global south. However, traditional financial instruments often fall short to support the desired goals. This study explores the potential of a new modality of financing that integrates social, environmental, and economic criteria tailored to the sustainable supply chain finance. We illustrate the case of smallholder coffee farmers in Uganda with very limited collateral; to show how sustainable supply chain financial instruments can help to achieve sustainable goals whilst ensuring fair compensation for farmers and economically viable product for the money lender. Enhancing the welfare of smallholder coffee farmers can significantly strengthen their resilience, allow them to produce in a more environmentally sustainable way and contribute to their broader economic stability. In turn, it would reduce the financial risk to lenders and promote social equity to the benefit of the broader society. The study also explores the partnerships among government, NGOs, and private sector actors in creating supportive ecosystems for sustainable supply chain financing. The analysis underscores the importance of aligning financial incentives with long-term societal goals, advocating for a holistic approach that bridges the gap between profit and purpose. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable Supply Chain Finance, financial innovation, coffee value chain, coffee farmers, farmers associations, small holder farmers |
| JEL: | Q14 O13 G23 L81 Q56 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iedlwp:336689 |
| By: | Menon, Purnima |
| Abstract: | Gender dynamics within food systems illustrate deep-seated structural inequalities that impede progress toward economic, social, nutritional, and environmental objectives. This presentation explores the progression from key concepts to measurement and solutions, underscoring the influence of gender across the food system and the strategies required to reshape these dynamics. A range of methodologies now exist that can be used to examine and highlight how gender dynamics in society affects food system transformation. Evidence-based solutions addressing structural inequality—such as cash transfers, community-based initiatives, and gender-sensitive financial inclusion in agriculture—are emerging in rural contexts and provide promising models of change. Transformative laws, national programs, and policy frameworks play a critical role in reinforcing and scaling such community driven efforts. Altogether, this presentation builds a conceptual, empirical, and rights-based argument for sustained investment in social transformation—through measurement, targeted solutions, and policy innovation—to advance global food system goals. |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391431 |
| By: | M, Dhasarathan; Sen, Biswajit; Mandal, Subhasis; Singh, Ajmer |
| Abstract: | In today’s consumer market, individuals are subject to various stimuli such as advertising campaigns, popular magazines etc., which shape their marginal consumption propensity. However, as Economic Theory teaches us, this propensity does not necessarily translate into consumer spending. This is strongly affected by consumers’ eating habits, individual circumstances and other contextual variables. This study, conducted in the Tamil Nadu state of India explores the consumer preferences and factors moderating the consumption of functional dairy foods (FDFs) based on the data collected from 160 respondents chosen from different sale locations. Socioeconomic profiles were analyzed using tabular and frequency analysis, while indices were constructed to assess consumer preferences using Likert scale. The Seemingly Unrelated Regression model was employed to identify factors moderating functional dairy food consumption. The findings highlight that safety/trustworthiness was the most valued attribute among consumers, followed closely by nutritional and health benefits. Despite being in the early stages of adoption, functional dairy foods, particularly fortified milk, demonstrate significant growth potential. Key determinants of consumption include family income, occupation, dietary habits, family size and geographic location. |
| Keywords: | Functional dairy foods, Seemingly Unrelated Regression model, Probiotic foods, Fortified foods, Consumer preferences |
| JEL: | I1 Q1 |
| Date: | 2025–10–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:127237 |
| By: | Delacote, Philippe; Meyer, Jessica; Palmer, Charles |
| Abstract: | Policies to secure property rights extend over hundreds of millions of hectares of land claimed as common property. Well-being and resource outcomes from securing the commons are theoretically shown to vary, conditional on local institutional quality and the extent of resource dependence among policy recipients. A differences-in-differences framework is applied to micro-scale panel data to evaluate the impacts of securing forest commons in Malawi. We find short-term negative effects on food security and non-food expenditures but no impact on forest loss rates. Baseline institutional capacity and households' labour portfolios are empirically shown to condition outcomes, with implications for policy targeting. |
| JEL: | N0 R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2026–02–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:137199 |
| By: | Harsh Wardhan (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Aishwarya Rohatgi (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Ashok Gulati |
| Abstract: | With Western sanctions isolating Russia from traditional trade partners, ongoing disruptions in global agri-supply chains, and rising food demand in Central Asia, India has a timely opportunity to reposition itself as a credible, long-term supplier of agricultural and processed food products to the region. This report, developed under the APEDA-ICRIER Knowledge Partnership, draws from trade data, policy analysis, and field consultations with exporters and officials to offer a roadmap for unlocking India's agri-export potential to three key CIS markets Russia, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. |
| Keywords: | agri-market, agri-supply chain, APEDA, icrier |
| Date: | 2026–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:report:26-r-04 |
| By: | Raya Das (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Sanchit Gupta (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Ashok Gulati |
| Abstract: | Placing India's experience in the global context, the report shows that China remains the dominant producer of fisheries, accounting for 39.7 per cent of global production in the triennium ending (TE) 2023, followed by Indonesia (10.1 per cent) and India (7.1 per cent). India's fisheries production reached 19.5 MMT in FY 2025 comparable to China’s production levels in the early 1990s, highlighting both progress and untapped potential (FAO, 2025, latest data available). Over the past two decades, inland fisheries production in India has increased more than four-fold, from 3.21 MMT in 2002–03 to 14.7 MMT in 2024–25. India ranks third in total fisheries production but second in inland aquaculture, after China. Despite ranking second globally in inland aquaculture, India accounts for only about 15 per cent of global production, compared to China's dominant 56 per cent share in value, indicating a significant gap in productivity and scale. Frozen shrimp has emerged as the single most important driver of India’s fisheries exports, while aquaculture growth remains spatially concentrated—particularly in Andhra Pradesh, which contributes 34 per cent of inland fisheries production and 44 per cent of national fisheries GVA in 2023–24. The uneven regional spread of aquaculture raises the policy challenge of replicating this cluster model across other states. |
| Keywords: | Fishries Production-India, Crop Agriculatur, Aquaculature, Farmers |
| Date: | 2026–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:report:26-r-01 |
| By: | Melise Bouroullec-Machado (EI Purpan - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse, AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - EI Purpan - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse); Amanda Ferreira Guimarães (LEREPS - Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - UT2J - Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse - ENSFEA - École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville); Marie Dervillé (LEREPS - Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - UT2J - Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse - ENSFEA - École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville, ENSFEA - École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville); Marie-Benoit Magrini (AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - EI Purpan - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse) |
| Abstract: | The economic literature views contractual arrangements as essential tools for securing supply chain and managing risk within agri-food value chain. Recent research, combined with insights from transition studies, has advanced the idea that they can also serve as instruments for developing new, more sustainable value chains. In the context of agri-food systems transitions, this requires rethinking contractual arrangements between producers, processors, and retailers. This paper introduces what we call Niche-Regime Contractual Arrangements (NiReCa), defined as adaptive coordination mechanisms structuring interactions between niche-innovations (farmer-led initiatives) and regime (incumbent dairies). Drawing on Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) and New Institutional Economics (NIE) -particularly Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) -we propose a three-phase analytical framework: (1) the emergence of niche-innovations, shaped by sustainability ambitions and internal coordination mechanisms;(2) the evolution of NiReCa patterns; and (3) the institutionalisation of NiReCa and their role in reshaping the architecture of agri-food systems through empowerment dynamics.Empirically, using a qualitative methodology, the study draws on seven cases to analyse crosscase patterns. The findings highlight three major dynamics: (1) dairy farmers-led nicheinnovations leverage regional branding and innovative contractual arrangements to regain economic agency; (2) tensions between farmer-led niche-innovations and incumbent dairies require flexible strategies, including informal agreements and strategic alliances; (3) small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a key role in supporting dairy system transitions by facilitating news projects and offering alternative enabling transitions by offering alternative processing and market access. NiReCa are not merely tools for securing fairer remunerationthey are fundamental drivers of structural change. By enabling coordination between diverse actors, they foster contractual innovations that balance economic resilience with sustainability goals. These findings contribute to agri-food economics by showing how contractual adaptations mediate structural transformations in food systems. |
| Keywords: | Agri-Food System Transformation, Dairy Value Chains, Contractual Innovation, Farmer-led Initiatives |
| Date: | 2025–08–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05489309 |
| By: | Oscar Colque Fuentes (Associate Researcher at INESAD); Alejandro Herrera Jimenez (Associate Researcher at INESAD); Beatriz Muriel Hernandez (Executive Director at INESAD) |
| Abstract: | Quinoa production in Bolivia’s southern Altiplano region takes place under some of the most severe agroecological conditions in the Andes. These include extreme altitude, scarce and variable rainfall, frequent frost, strong winds, and, more recently, widespread soil degradation. Organic soil amendments, such as compost, are promoted to restore soil fertility and improve productivity in certified quinoa systems. However, evidence on their effectiveness under real smallholder farming conditions is limited because existing studies often fail to distinguish agronomic potential from realized impacts shaped by environmental and management constraints. This paper addresses this gap by integrating agronomic diagnostics, intervention design, controlled validation, and impact evaluation within a unified framework. First, the study conducts a detailed soil analysis to identify constraints in certified production plots. Next, a compost intervention is designed and validated under controlled conditions to establish agronomic feasibility and potential. Then, a pilot intervention in randomly selected plots estimates the effects of the intervention under real cultivation conditions, including climatic variability, weed pressure, wind exposure, and varied management intensity. The results show that compost application increases quinoa productivity on average, but realized impacts vary with environmental exposure and management practices. Climatic stress, weed competition, wind intensity, and plot’s owner presence influence how much the intervention’s potential translates into observed outcomes. Methodologically, the study shows how combining agronomic validation with causal inference principles improves the interpretation and policy relevance of evidence in high-risk agroecological settings. |
| Keywords: | Quinoa Production, Soil Fertility, Compost Application, Field Experiments, Farm Management, Agroecological Constraints. |
| JEL: | C93 O13 Q12 Q15 |
| Date: | 2025–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:adv:wpaper:202512 |
| By: | Gnangnon, Sena Kimm |
| Abstract: | The present analysis has investigated empirically the effect of agricultural transformation on the working poverty rate in developing countries. It argues that agricultural transformation affects the working poverty rate by inducing employment shifts (within the agricultural sector) from the primary agriculture to the agrifood system, and from the agricultural sector to other sectors in the economy. The empirical analysis utilizes a panel dataset of 100 developing countries of which 35 poorest countries, i.e., Least developed countries (LDCs), over the annual period from 2000 to 2021. It uses the error component two-stage least squares to address endogeneity concerns, and accounts for the larger between-country variation of variables than their within-country variations. The findings lend support for the hypothesis that agricultural transformation induces the employment shifts highlighted above, but to a lower extent in LDCs than in NonLDCs among developing countries. However, while agricultural transformation has resulted in a lower working poverty rate in NonLDCs, it has raised the working poverty rate in LDCs. This can suggest that for LDCs, the agricultural sector has not been sufficiently transformed to trigger the requisite employment shifts that would effectively reduce the working poverty rate. Similar findings are obtained for Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries (41 SSA countries) - the bulk of which being LDCs - versus NonSSA countries in the full sample. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural transformation, Working poverty, Developing countries, Least developed countries, Sub-Saharan African countries |
| JEL: | E24 Q18 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:336730 |
| By: | Paprocki, Kasia |
| Abstract: | Plantation logics have been responsible for devastating transformations of the planet including climate change. While they have shaped the current social and ecological conditions we live with today, they also shape the way we choose to live with those conditions. Among these choices are a set of strategies broadly referred to as climate change adaptation. I describe here how climate change adaptation is shaped by plantation logics through spatially uneven development, dispossession, and racialization. I develop these arguments through an examination of the adaptation regime and its uneven manifestation across the Global South and North. In the end, I turn to an examination of the fundamental limitations of the Plantationocene in capturing contingency, resistance, and alternatives to plantation logics shaping climate change adaptation. |
| Keywords: | Plantationocene; plantation logics; climate change adaptation; dispossession; racialization |
| JEL: | R14 J01 |
| Date: | 2026–01–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129984 |
| By: | Laura Henckel (Agroécologie [Dijon] - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UBE - Université Bourgogne Europe); Guillaume Fried (LSV Montpellier - Unité entomologie et plantes invasives - LSV - Laboratoire de la santé des végétaux - ANSES - Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail); Jean-Philippe Guillemin (Agroécologie [Dijon] - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UBE - Université Bourgogne Europe); Isis Poinas (LSV Montpellier - Unité entomologie et plantes invasives - LSV - Laboratoire de la santé des végétaux - ANSES - Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, UMR CBGP - Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD [Occitanie] - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Christine Meynard (UMR CBGP - Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD [Occitanie] - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Benoit Ricci (Agroécologie [Dijon] - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UBE - Université Bourgogne Europe, UMR ABSys - Agrosystèmes Biodiversifiés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | Highlights: • We used a national dataset of 500 sites monitored yearly from 2013 to 2018. • We analysed the effects of herbicides on plant margin communities. • Herbicides had a negative effect on richness and nature-value species. • Situations of risk for pesticides drift had a negative effect on margin flora. Abstract: Pesticides are often identified as one of the major causes of biodiversity decline in farmlands. However, our knowledge about this relationship has mostly being inferred from small to landscape-scale studies, or from indirect indicators of agricultural practices at large scales. Here, we used a national network of more than 500 sites monitored yearly from 2013 to 2018 in France to assess the non-target effects of herbicides on field margin plant communities. We used hierarchical generalized linear models to investigate the effects of practices on plant species richness, plant species evenness, proportion of nature-value plants, and proportion of grasses in field margins, while controlling for a large number of possible confounding effects. The intensity of herbicide use had a negative effect on plant species richness, and on the proportion of nature-value plants. In the margin of cereal fields, there was a negative effect of dicotyledon herbicides on richness and a negative effect of grass herbicides on species evenness. We also identified, in some specific crops, a negative effect of non-herbicide treatments on margin flora richness and on the proportion of nature-value plants. The presence of surrounding grasslands had a consistent favourable effect on richness and on the proportion of nature-value plants in field margins. Finally, situations of risk for pesticides drift had a negative effect on margin flora. This study confirms that reducing herbicide use represents a robust lever to maintain the floristic diversity of field margins, which could be combined with strategies reducing the risk of pesticide drift. |
| Keywords: | Plant communitie, Pesticide, Herbicide, Field margin, Biodiversity, Agroecology |
| Date: | 2026–04–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05446093 |
| By: | Agbon, Adrian D. |
| Abstract: | As economies grow, environmental concerns also become more pronounced, particularly regarding water supply, water quality, and the degradation of aquatic environments. The link between surface and groundwater is becoming increasingly relevant, as contaminated aquifers that discharge into streams can lead to the contamination of surface water. This paper examines the current state and future challenges of potable water provision in the Philippines by focusing on three interlinked areas: groundwater resources, surface-water sources, and the institutional role of water districts. In recent years, there has been an increase in studies on this issue due to widespread concerns about water supply and the contamination of groundwater and surface water (lakes, streams, rivers, etc.) by toxic substances. This paper characterizes the groundwater and surface water in selected areas of the Philippines. Basic data from 53 water districts in the Philippines are analyzed to estimate demand and supply, water coverage, and to review some of the water districts' tariffs. A set of policy and operational measures is recommended: integrated source planning across jurisdictions, strengthened groundwater monitoring and licensing, targeted investment in treatment and distribution upgrades, capacity building for water district technical staff, and blended finance mechanisms to scale resilience projects. Implementing these measures can improve water quality, reliability, and equity of access while safeguarding groundwater and surface sources for future generations. Comments to this paper are welcome within 60 days from the date of posting. Email publications@pids.gov.ph. |
| Keywords: | water security, groundwater, surface water, water districts, Philippine water quality, governance, climate resilience, potable water |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:dpaper:dp_2025-50 |
| By: | Matt Burke; Kamiar Mohaddes; Mehdi Raissi |
| Abstract: | This paper examines how climate change affects sovereign credit ratings and borrowing costs under the latest IPCC climate scenarios. We integrate country-specific income-loss estimates from Mohaddes and Raissi (2025) into the IMF's Q-CRAFT macro-fiscal framework and apply a Random Forest emulator to predict rating trajectories. We also use the CDS-spread mapping from Aizenman et al. (2013) to translate these rating changes into borrowing-cost effects. Results show negligible rating impacts under the Paris-aligned scenario but significant downgrades (up to 2.8 notches) and increases in borrowing costs (30 basis points) under high-emission, slow-adaptation pathways by 2100 for the G20 countries. Monte Carlo simulations highlight substantial tail risks and cross-country heterogeneity, with tail outcomes producing downgrades of up to six notches by century end. We further extend the analysis to unrated economies and incorporate acute physical risks from climate-related natural disasters, using DIGNAD to estimate their cumulative GDP effects over 30 years and feeding these into the Q-CRAFT and the Random Forest emulator to project ratings. Disaster exposure can induce 1-3 notch downgrades by 2050 for highly vulnerable emerging economies. |
| Keywords: | climate, natural disasters, adaptation, credit ratings, debt, machine learning |
| JEL: | C45 G24 H63 Q54 |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:camaaa:2026-11 |
| By: | Safiatou Barro (CESAER - Centre d'économie et de sociologie rurales appliquées à l'agriculture et aux espaces ruraux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Sophie Legras (CESAER - Centre d'économie et de sociologie rurales appliquées à l'agriculture et aux espaces ruraux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Elsa Martin (CESAER - Centre d'économie et de sociologie rurales appliquées à l'agriculture et aux espaces ruraux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | Pesticide resistance is a phenomenon that is becoming increasingly worrying. Heavy reliance on pesticides in the agricultural sector is at the core of this problem. In this paper, we analyse how farmers' pest control strategies can reduce pesticide resistance. We show that Integrated Pest Management is effective in limiting the growth of pesticide resistance. However, because one farmer's choices affect those of their neighbours, externalities remain and public policies are needed. We analyse two tax systems where one is polluting input‐oriented and the other is result‐oriented. We derive conditions under which both tax systems lead to socially optimal strategies. We show that a result‐oriented scheme needs less information on farmers' time preferences. |
| Keywords: | Integrated pest management, Pesticide resistance, Public policy, Externality |
| Date: | 2026–01–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05490824 |
| By: | Aleksandra Vujko; Darjan Karabašević; Aleksa Panić; Martina Arsić; Vuk Mirčetić (Assistant Professor, Faculty of Applied Management, Economics and Finance (MEF)) |
| Abstract: | Tourism is a key spatial process linking human mobility, resource consumption, and environmental change. Despite growing awareness of climate risks, sustainable travel behavior often remains inconsistent with pro-environmental attitudes, reflecting the persistent attitude-behavior gap. This study examines how psychological factors-sustainability motives, ecological identity, and climate attitudes-interact with artificial intelligence (AI) transparency to shape travel decisions with spatial and environmental consequences. Using survey data from 1795 leisure travelers and a discrete-choice experiment simulating hotel booking scenarios, the study shows that ecological identity and climate attitudes reinforce sustainability motives and intentions, while transparent AI recommendations enhance perceived clarity, data visibility, and reliability. These transparency effects amplify the influence of eco-scores on revealed spatial preferences, with trust mediating the relationship between transparency and sustainable choices. Conceptually, the study integrates psychological and technological perspectives within a geographical framework of humanenvironment interaction and extends this lens to rural destinations, where travel decisions directly affect cultural landscapes and climate-sensitive ecosystems. Practically, the findings demonstrate that transparent AI systems can guide spatial redistribution of tourist flows, mitigate destination-level climate pressures, and support equitable resource management in sustainable tourism planning. These mechanisms are particularly relevant for rural areas and traditional cultural landscapes facing heightened vulnerability to climate stress, depopulation, and uneven visitation patterns. Transparent and trustworthy AI can thus convert environmental awareness into spatially sustainable behavior, contributing to more resilient and balanced tourism geographies. |
| Keywords: | spatial decision-making, ecological identity, climate attitudes, tourism geography, resource management, rural destinations, cultural landscapes, trust, AI transparency, sustainable travel, sustainable travel AI transparency trust spatial decision-making ecological identity climate attitudes tourism geography resource management rural destinations cultural landscapes |
| Date: | 2025–12–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05475497 |
| By: | Venn, Tyron |
| Abstract: | Mitigating climate risk requires substantial changes to socio-economic systems, including livestock production, which accounts for approximately 14% of global anthropogenic carbon emissions. Growing pasture, trees and livestock on the same land management unit in silvopastoral systems provides opportunities to increase farm financial performance while substantially reducing the carbon-intensity of livestock production. In timber-producing silvopastoral systems, a timber income stream can be generated after carbon credit payments diminish. Case studies are presented for Australia and Fiji. Increased adoption of silvopastoral systems by landholders requires long-term rights to benefit from sustainable vegetation management, as well as the development of carbon credit methods that permit natural vegetation management and account for international and domestic leakage. |
| Keywords: | Livestock Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391427 |
| By: | Phoebe Koundouri; Utku Demir; Ioanna Grypari; Dietmar Lampert; Lydia Papadaki; Charalampos Stavridis; Nicolaos Theodossiou; Haris Papageorgiou |
| Abstract: | Interdisciplinary and participatory approaches are necessary to address the complex challenges that climate change presents in various sectors, particularly energy, agriculture, and food production. In this paper, the methodology and results of the IntelComp Living Lab on Climate Change (LLoCC) in Greece, which was established as part of the IntelComp project and funded by the EU's Horizon 2020 programme, are presented. The LLoCC endeavours to facilitate evidence-based policymaking by employing artificial intelligence tools that analyse vast quantities of science, technology, and innovation (STI) data, utilising a Living Labs methodology that is rooted in real-world, user-driven co-creation. The study provides a comprehensive account of the stakeholder mapping and engagement process, the seminars that were conducted in the energy and agri-food sectors, and the iterative feedback that was employed to improve the STI Viewer and STI Participation Portal tools. The identification of priority policy concerns, sectoral innovation trends, and evaluation indicators, as well as insights on transparency, usability, and trust in data, are among the key outputs. The LLoCC demonstrates a collaborative model for aligning digital innovation tools with national climate policy requirements, supporting the work of Greece's High-Level Committee for Climate Change, by emphasising openness, empowerment, continuity, and practical relevance. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Living Labs, Artificial Intelligence for Policy, Stakeholder Engagement, Energy and Agri-Food Sectors |
| Date: | 2026–02–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2604 |
| By: | Glathoud, Romain |
| Abstract: | This study aims to identify strategies for the development of agritourism in the Gauja bioregion (surrounding the national park of the same name, in Latvia), in order to better valorize both economically and socially the local productions, particularly through short supply chains, in the face of the decline of typical agriculture threatened by land pressure, lack of generational renewal, dependence on imported inputs, and market difficulties. This study is an exploratory study during which 27 stakeholders of the bioregional agritourism system were interviewed through hybrid interviews. These interviews made it possible to identify an assortment of barriers and drivers that manifest at several levels: at the level of the agritourism system in general, at the level of intra-bioregional dynamics, and at the level of the local product itself. These barriers and drivers, combined with the expectations of the interviewed stakeholders, led to the proposal of 3 strategies to develop this agritourism: clearly defining the agritourism system to make it an attractive and coherent tourist destination, establishing governance to structure this system and encourage the development of initiatives, and taking into account sustainability constraints to ensure the long-term continuation of this agritourism system. |
| Date: | 2025–09–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:nf3re_v1 |
| By: | Giuzio, Margherita; Rousová, Linda; Kapadia, Sujit; Kumar, Hradayesh; Parker, Miles; Mazzotta, Luisa; Zafeiris, Dimitris |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the role of insurance in mitigating the adverse macroeconomic effects of climate-related catastrophes. We first develop a stylised theoretical growth model which incorporates a role for natural catastrophes, climate change and insurance. This illustrates how insurance can mitigate the impact of catastrophes and articulates the potential effect of falling insurance coverage as global warming intensifies. The model also provides a basis for our empirical analysis which explores the link between insurance coverage and the macroeconomic impact of catastrophes for a sample of several thousand disaster events across 47 developed and middle income countries between 1996 and 2019. The results confirm that higher insurance coverage is associated with less severe macroeconomic consequences of disasters. With climate-related catastrophes becoming ever more frequent and severe, our findings highlight the importance of developing policies to reduce the climate insurance protection gap. JEL Classification: G22, G52, Q51, Q54 |
| Keywords: | climate Change, economic growth, global warming, insurance protection gap, natural catastrophes |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20263184 |
| By: | Mathilde Felga (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, MRM-MKG - Montpellier Research in Management - Marketing - MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - UM - Université de Montpellier); Béatrice Siadou-Martin (MRM-MKG - Montpellier Research in Management - Marketing - MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - UM - Université de Montpellier); Céline Vial (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, IFCE - Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]) |
| Date: | 2025–10–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05506788 |
| By: | McConnel, Caitlin |
| Abstract: | Since ratification of the Paris Agreement in 2015, the development of policy aimed at building climate resilience has largely focussed on holding the increase in global temperature average whilst making finance flow consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development; with buzzwords such as ‘ESG’, ‘net zero’, ‘climate-smart’ and ‘natural capital’ now common in day-to-day vernacular. Whilst the emergence of these terms has coincided with statutory obligations to report on sustainability initiatives or climate risks, as well as investment opportunities in renewable energy projects or alternative food production technologies, it is arguable that such terminology demonstrates a continued focus by government and business to value natural assets and food security through a numerical lens of economic growth and development. Although placing a numerical value on nature and food production can help promote innovation or incentivise environmental protection; it is a little-known fact that the Paris Agreement was entered into in pursuit of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which both reiterate that: • increasing our ability to adapt to climate change, foster climate resilience, and reducing greenhouse gas development must be done in a manner that does not threaten food production, and • when taking action to address climate change, parties must consider: • their respective obligations on human rights, and • the fundamental priority of safeguarding food security, food production systems, and Mother Earth. Furthermore, few decision-makers are aware that courts of law across multiple jurisdictions are now scrutinizing the alleged failures by government or business to consider the aesthetic and spiritual value of nature in the context of human rights through climate litigation; in a real-time convergence demonstrating the importance of returning to the first principles of ecologically sustainable development. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391425 |
| By: | Jing Cai |
| Abstract: | We introduce experimental variation in the insurance contracts offered to rice farmers in China to study how contract design affects insurance takeup. We compare a single-contract offering with menus that include multiple contracts differing in premiums and payouts. Expanding the contract menu substantially increases take-up, primarily through higher adoption of the basic, lowest-cost contract. Additional experimental variation in relative prices and information provision shows that these effects are driven by context effects arising from relative price comparisons within the menu, rather than information inference. The findings highlight contract menu design as an effective supply-side tool for expanding insurance coverage. |
| JEL: | D1 D14 G22 M31 O16 Q12 |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34797 |
| By: | Olivier Droulers (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Arnaud Bigoin Gagnan (ARGUMans - Laboratoire de recherche en gestion Le Mans Université - UM - Le Mans Université); Sophie Lacoste‐badie (LUMEN - Lille University Management Lab - ULR 4999 - Université de Lille) |
| Abstract: | Introduction: The visual design of alcohol beverage packaging plays a crucial role in shaping consumer perceptions and purchase decisions, yet regulations in many countries are relatively lax. Guidelines often focus on the inclusion of health warnings rather than overall label or packaging design, giving producers considerable freedom. In recent years, wine manufacturers have increasingly featured images on their labels that are unrelated to the product, most notably animals such as mammals, birds and insects, a strategy likely intended to exploit attentional bias. The present study examines how such imagery on wine labels influences consumer attention and memorisation. Methods: A within-subject experimental design was conducted with 93 participants, each exposed to two conditions: wine labels that feature either animals or inanimate objects. Attention was measured using an eye-tracking method in a laboratory setting at a French university. Each participant viewed 16 different wine bottles, resulting in 1488 observations. After exposure, label recognition was assessed via a declarative method. Results: Wine labels featuring animals captured attention more rapidly, sustained attention for longer and were better recognised than labels featuring inanimate objects. Discussion and Conclusions: The findings suggest that, beyond mandating health warnings on alcohol packaging, policymakers should consider stricter regulations on the visual content of labels to limit the persuasive power of alcohol marketing. |
| Keywords: | alcohol marketing, attention, memorisation, visual design, wine labels |
| Date: | 2026–01–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05494498 |
| By: | Domingo, Sonny N.; Guadalupe, Roselle F. |
| Abstract: | The National Integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS) Act of 1992 legislated the identification and classification of 17 protected areas in the country. This was amended by the Expanded National Integrated Protected Area System (E-NIPAS) in 2018, which increased coverage to more than a hundred. A process evaluation of this policy augmentation was conducted by examining three case study sites: the Masungi Georeserve, the Mt. Mantalingahan Protected Landscape, and the Northern Negros Natural Park. Discussions with the management of several other protected areas in Luzon allowed for further analysis and result verification. Aside from the expanded legislated coverage, results showed that E-NIPAS introduced changes in how consideration is given to policy and management regarding indigenous peoples' rights, sectoral representation, sustainable financing, ecological integrity protection, and penalty provisions. Cascading the intent of the policy proved more difficult due to bureaucratic limitations, with funding and manpower constraints impacting protected area management efficiency, biodiversity protection and conservation, critical area and buffer zone encroachment, and control of economic and destructive activities. Recommendations to enhance integrated protected area system management include the operationalization of workable models that promote stakeholder partnerships in sharing ecological protection mandates and addressing compromising activities within critical zones. Clear supplementary guidelines are needed to standardize area management and protection approaches, limiting arbitrary decision-making among protected area management boards, superintendents, and staff. Compartmentalization of area protection in terms of size, resource provision, and management composition is also key. More detailed characterization of protected areas, the crafting and implementation of area protection and business plans, and policy enforcement and legal follow-through are critical in optimizing the management of the country’s integrated protected area systems. Comments to this paper are welcome within 60 days from the date of posting. Email publications@pids.gov.ph. |
| Keywords: | ENIPAS, NIPAS, Protected Areas, process evaluation, biodiversity conservation, ecological integrity |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:dpaper:dp_2025-44 |
| By: | Ruofeng Rao |
| Abstract: | Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) systematically validated hierarchical pathways among multiple factors by constructing a dual framework integrating latent variable measurement and path analysis, utilizing covariance matrices derived from online questionnaires of Wuliangye consumers in Sichuan Province. Statistical analysis quantified path coefficient significance through maximum likelihood estimation, revealing via factor loadings and goodness-of-fit tests that consumer ethnocentrism directly promotes purchase intention, while simultaneously refuting the null hypothesis regarding perceived behavioral control-thus deconstructing the "trigger-transmission" causal chain among variables. Crucially, SEM findings revealed environmental stimuli as the predominant factor, indirectly influencing purchasing behavior through perceived value, contrary to existing literature asserting equal impacts from consumer ethnocentrism, environmental stimuli, and perceived behavioral control. Statistical evidence further demonstrated higher online purchase frequency for premium Wuliangye liquor, aligning with Generation Z's e-commerce preferences. By implementing stricter website-based participant screening than prior studies, this research optimized the analytical model, yielding data-driven strategic recommendations: strengthening e-commerce platforms, enhancing promotional expertise, leveraging cultural localization, and prioritizing premium product development. These actionable insights significantly advance sales optimization strategies for Wuliangye products in Sichuan's dynamic market. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.02956 |
| By: | Rajat Masiwal; Colin Aitken; Adam Marchakitus; Mayank Gupta; Katherine Kowal; Hamid A. Pahlavan; Tyler Yang; Y. Qiang Sun; Michael Kremer; Amir Jina; William R. Boos; Pedram Hassanzadeh |
| Abstract: | Artificial intelligence weather prediction (AIWP) models now often outperform traditional physics-based models on common metrics while requiring orders-of-magnitude less computing resources and time. Open-access AIWP models thus hold promise as transformational tools for helping low- and middle-income populations make decisions in the face of high-impact weather shocks. Yet, current approaches to evaluating AIWP models focus mainly on aggregated meteorological metrics without considering local stakeholders' needs in decision-oriented, operational frameworks. Here, we introduce such a framework that connects meteorology, AI, and social sciences. As an example, we apply it to the 150-year-old problem of Indian monsoon forecasting, focusing on benefits to rain-fed agriculture, which is highly susceptible to climate change. AIWP models skillfully predict an agriculturally relevant onset index at regional scales weeks in advance when evaluated out-of-sample using deterministic and probabilistic metrics. This framework informed a government-led effort in 2025 to send 38 million Indian farmers AI-based monsoon onset forecasts, which captured an unusual weeks-long pause in monsoon progression. This decision-oriented benchmarking framework provides a key component of a blueprint for harnessing the power of AIWP models to help large vulnerable populations adapt to weather shocks in the face of climate variability and change. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.03767 |
| By: | Sarra Azib (LEGO - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion de l'Ouest - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - UBO EPE - Université de Brest - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO EPE - Université de Brest - UBL - Université Bretagne Loire - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]); Morgane Innocent (LEGO - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion de l'Ouest - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - UBO EPE - Université de Brest - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO EPE - Université de Brest - UBL - Université Bretagne Loire - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]); Bertrand Urien (LEGO - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion de l'Ouest - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - UBO EPE - Université de Brest - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO EPE - Université de Brest - UBL - Université Bretagne Loire - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]); Patrick Gabriel (LEGO - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Gestion de l'Ouest - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - UBO EPE - Université de Brest - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO EPE - Université de Brest - UBL - Université Bretagne Loire - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]) |
| Abstract: | In the household consumption stage, consumers generate a high proportion of food waste, exceeding the food service and distribution sectors. Since raising awareness of the problem has not been enough to reduce food waste, it is important to study consumers' everyday practices rather than their reported attitudes (Hebrok & Heidenstrøm, 2019). This study focuses on anti-waste practices adopted by consumers at home, in the case of fruit and vegetables (F&V). It aims to identify the different dimensions of these practices and to study their heterogeneity, in order to establish a typology of consumers. A quantitative study was conducted on 815 French consumers and identified 5 dimensions of F&V anti-waste practices, and 3 profiles of anti-waste consumers: the preventive, the practitioner and the nonchalant. Managerial recommendations were proposed for each profile. |
| Abstract: | Au niveau de la consommation en foyer, les consommateurs génèrent une part importante du gaspillage alimentaire, dépassant celle de la restauration et de la distribution. La sensibilisation au problème n'ayant pas suffi à réduire ces déchets, il est important d'étudier les pratiques quotidiennes plutôt que les attitudes déclarées (Hebrok & Heidenstrøm, 2019). Ce travail s'intéresse donc aux pratiques anti-gaspillage réalisées par le consommateur à domicile, pour le cas des fruits et légumes (F&L). Il cherche à identifier les différentes dimensions de ces pratiques et à étudier leur hétérogénéité en vue d'en dégager une typologie de consommateurs. Une étude quantitative a été menée sur 815 consommateurs français et a permis d'identifier 5 dimensions de pratiques anti-gaspillage de F&L et 3 profils d'anti-gaspilleurs : les préventifs, les praticiens et les nonchalants. Des recommandations managériales suivant chaque profil de consommateurs ont été proposées. |
| Keywords: | fruits et légumes, typologie de consommateurs, gaspillage alimentaire |
| Date: | 2025–05–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05404798 |
| By: | David Winkelmann; Theresa Elbracht; Jonas Brenker; Arnold Gerzen |
| Abstract: | Grocery retailers frequently apply price discounts to stimulate demand for expiring perishables. However, integrating these discounted sales into future demand forecasts presents a significant challenge. This study investigates the effectiveness of incorporating a fixed share of these sales as \textit{regular} demand into the forecast, as commonly applied in practice. We employ a two-step regression approach on data from a major European grocery retailer, covering over 1, 700 products across 676 stores. We reveal that forecasts underestimate actual demand for most SKUs when discounted sales occur. This residual uplift effect is significantly influenced by the number of sales at reduced prices. Our findings underscore the necessity for more precise approaches to integrate discounted sales into demand forecasts, thereby preventing excess inventory and the associated economic and environmental impacts of spoilage in the grocery sector. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.04464 |
| By: | Paul Rodríguez-Lesmes (Universidad del Rosario); Mayra Sáenz-Amaguaya (Universidad del Rosario); Luis Fernando Gómez (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana); Mercedes Mora Plazas (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana); Norman Maldonado (Banco Mundial); Juan Nicolás Rico (Universidad del Rosario); Lindsey Smith Taillie (University of North Carolina) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the short-term labor market effects of Colombia’s 2022–2024 health-related reforms, which combined (i) an excise tax on ultraprocessed sugary drinks and ultra-processed foods, and (ii) an octagonal front-of-package warning label on processed and ultra-processed food and beverage products high in sugar, sodium, saturated fat, or calories. Using nationally representative labor force data and three complementary identification strategies—interrupted time series, difference-in-differences, and synthetic control—we evaluate effects on employment, income, hours worked, and informality in directly and indirectly affected sectors. Results show no statistically significant short-run changes in employment, income, or informality. The only robust adjustment occurs along the intensive margin: workers in the non-alcoholic beverage sector increased their weekly hours by roughly one hour on average. This effect is concentrated among white-collar, rural, and female workers, suggesting that firms adapted to the new regulations by adjusting workloads rather than employment levels. Overall, the evidence indicates that Colombia’s fiscal and labeling policies did not disrupt labor markets during their initial implementation. The results align with findings from Mexico, Chile, and Peru, supporting the view that well-designed “high-in” food policies can advance public health objectives without undermining employment or income stability. These findings contribute to the growing evidence base on the economic effects of food-related fiscal and informational measures in middle-income countries, offering reassurance to policymakers balancing health and labor market goals. |
| Keywords: | Employment; Labor income; Colombia; Food policy; Labeling; Taxes; Processed foods |
| Date: | 2025–12–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000092:022160 |
| By: | Guy Tchuente |
| Abstract: | This paper asks whether regulatory monitoring exhibits nonlinear capacity limits as the scale and complexity of the regulated environment increase. Using a county--year panel of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inspections merged with local establishment counts, we identify a sharp breakpoint: beyond a threshold scale, severe inspection findings rise while inspection effort per establishment flattens or declines. The threshold and the post-break deterioration vary across food-related industry groups and shift with proxies for local density and connectedness, consistent with monitoring becoming ``too big to monitor" in more interconnected production environments rather than driven by simple reallocation or delay. Methodologically, we provide a portable breakpoint selection and piecewise-estimation framework that can be applied to other enforcement settings. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.12392 |
| By: | Ozili, Peterson K |
| Abstract: | The race to achieve the United Nations sustainable development goals has spurred much interest in the potential for artificial intelligence (AI) to accelerate progress towards the sustainable development goals. This study explores the role of artificial intelligence in achieving the 17 sustainable development goals. Several AI applications are identified for each of the 17 sustainable development goals. The study also explores how AI systems are helping to analyze large datasets, identify trends, make predictions, and develop insights related to SDG activities. The study also highlights the challenges associated with using AI to accelerate progress for the SDGs. While the benefits of AI for the SDGs are acknowledged in this study, the study calls for a cautious approach in using AI to achieve the SDGs. |
| Keywords: | Artificial intelligence, sustainable development goals, Algorithms, sustainable development, applications, challenges, SDG. |
| JEL: | O1 O13 O3 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:127371 |
| By: | Picazo-Tadeo, Andrés, J. (Department of Applied Economics II, University of Valencia (Spain)); Melguizo, Celia (Department of Applied Economics II, University of Valencia (Spain)); Peiró-Palomino, Jesús (Department of Applied Economics II, University of Valencia (Spain)) |
| Abstract: | A key objective of the green transition is to minimise the environmental impact of human activity while ensuring sustained economic progress. Efficiently allocating policy resources requires accurately measuring this intricate relationship. Eco-efficiency indicators are useful tools for this purpose, offering valuable insights to policymakers by assessing territories’ potential to minimise environmental impact while maintaining economic performance. This research calculates eco-efficiency scores in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, a major cause of global warming, for European Union regions in 2023. The results reveal significant disparities between and within countries. Generally, the Nordic and Western regions rank among the best performers, whereas the Central and Eastern European regions are mostly among the weakest performers. In a second stage, the paper addresses the study of the determinants of regional eco-efficiency. Relevant factors fostering performance include economic development, government quality, and social capital. Conversely, large industrial sectors hinder progress towards the green transition. These results emphasise the need for place-based policy interventions that prioritise technological upgrading, industrial diversification and innovation to foster emission reductions that are compatible with sustained economic growth. Moreover, reinforcing governance quality, institutional effectiveness and social capital can enhance policy implementation and sustain long-term eco-efficiency improvements. |
| Keywords: | Eco-efficiency; European Green Deal; European Union; Greenhouse gases emissions; Green transition; regions |
| JEL: | C61 D62 Q54 |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eec:wpaper:2602 |
| By: | Juan Muñoz-Morales (LEM - Lille économie management - UMR 9221 - UA - Université d'Artois - UCL - Université catholique de Lille - ULCO - Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale - Université de Lille - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IÉSEG School Of Management [Puteaux]) |
| Abstract: | This study provides evidence that natural disasters negatively affect student outcomes, potentially explaining the lower academic achievement of students in rural areas compared with their urban counterparts in developing countries. Using data from the Colombian school census, I estimate a difference-in-differences strategy that exploits variation from an unusual rainfall shock affecting more than 2 million people in both urban and rural Colombia. The results show that these disruptions increase school dropout rates and reduce learning outcomes for at least a decade. The effects are concentrated in rural schools, while students in urban schools remain unaffected. I explore several mechanisms and rule out the possibility that the effects are driven by selective migration or a loss of educational resources. Instead, I find evidence that the rainfall shock exacerbated poverty, pushing poorer rural children into unemployment and longer work hours. |
| Keywords: | Natural disasters, human capital, education, urban-rural gap, Colombia |
| Date: | 2025–08–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05495376 |
| By: | Zebiao Li; Rui Liu; Chengyi Tu |
| Abstract: | The governance of common-pool resources-resource systems characterized by high subtractability of yield and difficulty of exclusion-constitutes one of the most persistent and intricate challenges in the fields of economics, ecology, and applied mathematics. This comprehensive review delineates the historical and theoretical evolution of the mathematical frameworks developed to analyze, predict, and manage these systems. We trace the intellectual trajectory from the early, deterministic bioeconomic models of the mid-20th century, which established the fundamental tension between individual profit maximization and collective efficiency, to the contemporary era of complex coupled human-environment system models. Our analysis systematically dissects the formalization of the "Tragedy of the Commons" through the lens of classical cooperative and non-cooperative game theory, examining how the N-person Prisoner's Dilemma and Nash Equilibrium concepts provided the initial, albeit pessimistic, predictive baseline. We subsequently explore the "Ostrom Turn, " which necessitated the integration of institutional realism-specifically monitoring, graduated sanctions, and communication-into formal game-theoretic structures. The review further investigates the relaxation of rationality assumptions via evolutionary game theory and behavioral economics, highlighting the destabilizing roles of prospect theory and hyperbolic discounting. Finally, we synthesize recent advances in stochastic differential equations and agent-based computational economics, which capture the critical roles of spatial heterogeneity, noise-induced regime shifts, and early warning signals of collapse. By unifying these diverse mathematical threads, this review elucidates the shifting paradigm from static optimization to dynamic resilience in the management of the commons. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.03129 |
| By: | Jorge Ale-Chilet (UANDES - Universidad de los Andes [Santiago]); Cuicui Chen (SUNY - State University of New York); Jing Li (Tufts University [Medford]); Mathias Reynaert (TSE-R - Toulouse School of Economics - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - Comue de Toulouse - Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | We study collusion among firms against imperfectly monitored environmental regulation. Firms increase variable profits by violating regulation and reduce expected noncompliance penalties by violating jointly. We consider a case of three German automakers colluding to reduce the effectiveness of emissions control technology. By estimating a structural model of the European automobile industry from 2007 to 2018, we find that collusion lowers expected noncompliance penalties substantially and increases buyer and producer surplus. Due to increased pollution, welfare decreases by €1.57–5.57 billion. We show how environmental policy design and antitrust play complementary roles in preventing noncompliance. |
| Keywords: | noncompliance, automobile market, pollution, regulation, collusion |
| Date: | 2026–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05492381 |
| By: | Yosr Ammar (UJML - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 - Université de Lyon, MAGELLAN - Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan - UJML - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 - Université de Lyon - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon, IFGE - Institut Français de Gouvernement des Entreprises - EM - EMLyon Business School); Julien Cloarec (MAGELLAN - Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan - UJML - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 - Université de Lyon - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon, UJML - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 - Université de Lyon, Iaelyon - Iaelyon School of Management - UJML - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 - Université de Lyon); Bertrand Valiorgue (CleRMa - Clermont Recherche Management - ESC Clermont-Ferrand - École Supérieure de Commerce (ESC) - Clermont-Ferrand - UCA [2017-2020] - Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020], EM - EMLyon Business School) |
| Abstract: | As technological advancements, artificial intelligence (AI), and climate change become increasingly intertwined, energy efficiency has emerged as a crucial issue for organizations and public authorities. This research examines how companies can align financial and environmental goals to attract diverse investor groups, focusing on AI-driven energy efficiency strategies. Using the Economies of Worth framework, we explore how investor behavior is influenced by AI adoption in energy management and varying accountability structures. Across four studies with 1, 500 investors, we find that environmental motivations can reduce investor willingness to invest, mediated by perceived energy efficiency. However, AI integration improves this relationship, particularly when paired with internal accountability mechanisms.Firms that adopt AI-based energy solutions, combined with appropriate accountability measures, are more likely to appeal to both traditional and impact-oriented investors. This study contributes to sustainable investment research by highlighting the critical role of AI and accountability in shaping investor perceptions of energy efficiency, offering practical insights for businesses balancing financial and environmental objectives. |
| Keywords: | accountability, artificial intelligence, sustainable investment, energy efficiency, Energy management systems, Energy management systems energy efficiency sustainable investment artificial intelligence accountability |
| Date: | 2025–07–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05470476 |
| By: | Drago Cvijanović; Darjan Karabašević; Aleksandra Vujko; Svetlana Vukotić; Gabrijela Popović; Vuk Mirčetić (Assistant Professor, Faculty of Applied Management, Economics and Finance (MEF)) |
| Abstract: | Community-led rural tourism plays a crucial role in promoting economic sustainability and cultural preservation by prioritizing local needs and values. Active resident participation fosters a sense of ownership and empowerment, essential for the long-term success of tourism initiatives. A study of 386 residents from Bregenzerwald, Austriaselected for its established community-led tourism model and strong local engagementcharacterized by a balanced gender distribution and high education levels, investigated the factors influencing local engagement in tourism, including perceived benefits, empowerment, trust, place attachment, and resource accessibility. Complementary interviews with 31 stakeholders from Fruška Gora, Serbia-chosen as an emerging rural tourism destination with potential for sustainable development-further emphasized the significance of community agency and empowerment. Through factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM), the research validated its conceptual framework, demonstrating the transferability of the Bregenzerwald model to other rural contexts. Two key constructs emerged: tourism empowerment and sustainable belonging, jointly explaining 84.655% of the variance. Tourism empowerment underscores residents' recognition of tourism as a vehicle for economic growth, job creation, and cultural safeguarding, while sustainable belonging reflects a strong commitment to eco-friendly practices and social cohesion. Stakeholders from Fruška Gora echoed these findings, highlighting tourism's role in economic development, cultural identity reinforcement, and environmental stewardship. The results illustrate that rural tourism, when community-led, serves as a comprehensive development tool, fostering economic resilience, environmental sustainability, and social solidarity. The Bregenzerwald model offers a valuable framework for enhancing community participation and sustainable tourism development in other rural regions seeking holistic growth. |
| Keywords: | and Contextual Framework Development Theoretical Modeling, and Contextual Framework Development semi-structured interviews and Thematic Analysis, community-led tourism, rural development, tourism empowerment, sustainable belonging, bregenzerwald model on the rural tourism, Literature Review, and place attachment literature. ➩ Method: Theoretical Modeling, community empowerment, community-led tourism rural development tourism empowerment sustainable belonging bregenzerwald model on the rural tourism |
| Date: | 2025–06–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05475470 |