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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2024‒05‒27
twenty-two papers chosen by |
| By: | Ruslan, Kadir; Prasetyo, Octavia Rizky |
| Abstract: | Most agricultural households in Indonesia are small-scale farmers making them prone to food insecurity. Until recently, no study has assessed the impact of farm size and sociodemographic characteristics on the food insecurity status of agricultural households using a nationwide agricultural household survey in Indonesia. Our study aims to address this gap by utilizing the results of the first Indonesian Agricultural Integrated Survey conducted by BPS in 2021. Applying the Rasch Model, Multinomial Logistic Regression, and Ordinary Least Squares Regression, we found that the farm size has a positive impact in lowering the likelihood of experiencing moderate or severe levels of food insecurity among agricultural households. Our study also found that agricultural households with a higher probability of being food insecure are characterized by having higher members of households, relying only on agricultural activities for their livelihood, lower education attainment of household heads, and being led by female farmers. |
| Keywords: | food security, FIES, AGRIS, small-scale food producers |
| JEL: | Q1 Q12 Q15 Q18 |
| Date: | 2023–10–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120713&r=agr |
| By: | Tibesigwa, Byela (University of Dar Es Salaam); Ntuli, Herbert (EfD - Environmental Policy Research Unit (EPRU) in the School of Economics at the University of Cape Town); Muta, Telvin (Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) in Nairobi, Kenya) |
| Abstract: | We are living in a crisis era, with competing land-use for finite land and ill-informed myopic urban land-use policies that remain stagnant, in a world with rapidly changing urban environment, such as the mushrooming urban agriculture. While smallholder farms in and around cities, in sub-Saharan Africa, provide many ecosystem services including boosting household income and nutrition, access to land constrains these benefits. This paper examines the willingness to pay for urban farm plots, using a random parameter logit model. The estimation reveals that the marginal WTP for irrigation is US$19.47 per plot. With regard to plot size, households are willing to pay US$6.09 per hectare, while WTP for the distance to the plot is US$3.95per km per annum. WTP for an irrigated plot is about three times that of plot size and almost five times that of distance to the plot, a signal of adaptation to climate change due to extreme weather changes and water shortages in Tanzania. There is a high preference for mixed cropping, i.e., mixed vegetables and fruits. Approximately 10% of the households prefer purely subsistence farming, i.e., retaining all harvest for own consumption. The remaining 90% prefer semi-subsistence, where 57% would retain a quarter of the harvest for consumption, 27% would retain half and 6% would retain three-quarters, suggesting that farms would increase urban households’ food security. Our paper nudges policymakers to interrogate current policies and craft future inclusive green economy strategies that include urban agriculture and irrigation infrastructure. |
| Keywords: | land; urban farms; agriculture ecosystems; WTP; green economy; Tanzania |
| JEL: | Q57 |
| Date: | 2022–12–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunefd:2022_019&r=agr |
| By: | Abebe, Meseret B. (Addis Ababa University); Alem, Yonas (University of Gothenburg and Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL)) |
| Abstract: | We identify the effects of the 2015-16 El-Niño-induced large-scale drought on smallholder farmers’ livestock holding and milk production. The drought reduced milk production and livestock holding by 28.5% and 8.7%, respectively. Heterogenous impact analysis suggests that asset-rich households sold livestock and financed feed purchases, likely insulating milk production from the drought. In contrast, assetpoor households kept their livestock at all costs and absorbed all the decline in milk production. Our findings have important implications for formulating safety net and adaptation programs targeting smallholder farmers and the livestock sector in a rapidly changing climate. |
| Keywords: | Drought; diff-in-diff; climate change; livestock holding; Ethiopia |
| JEL: | D13 O13 O44 Q18 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–07–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunefd:2023_012&r=agr |
| By: | Tocchi, Giuliana; Del Cid, Eva B. Rivera; Lara-Arevalo, Jonathan; Gallucio, Giulia; Trozzo, Chiara; Espin, Océane; Antonelli, Marta |
| Abstract: | This report presents findings from a study funded by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) through the Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Program (ASAP2). The study was conducted by AGT International and the Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per i Cambiamenti Climatici Foundation (CMCC Foundation), in collaboration with IFAD's Environment, Climate, Gender, and Social Inclusion Division team in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Aligned with IFAD's Strategic Framework (2016-2025), the study focuses on enhancing nutrition and climate resilience to support rural inclusivity and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in the region. The goal of this study is to generate and disseminate knowledge derived from seven IFAD-selected projects in the LAC region. It emphasizes best practices and lessons learned in nutrition enhancement and climate change adaptation. Additionally, the study aims to provide recommendations for replicating and scaling up these best practices while ensuring the integration of cross-cutting themes such as environment, nutrition, gender, youth, and indigenous peoples. Methodologically, the study combines a review of primary and secondary sources with insights gathered from semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders. This is complemented by knowledge shared during a peer-to-peer meeting. Nine key lessons learned and best practices are outlined, offering both synthesized analyses across projects and specific examples of successful methodologies and activities. By analyzing the integration of nutrition and climate resilience in various projects across LAC, this study identifies strategies to strengthen the climate-nutrition nexus in upcoming interventions. These findings offer actionable insights and recommendations to inform future strategies aimed at transforming food systems in the region, contributing to sustainable development goals, and ensuring the well-being of communities in Latin America and the Caribbean. |
| Date: | 2023–05–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:euva6&r=agr |
| By: | Ryba, Ren |
| Abstract: | In the context of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and increasing global destabilisation, policy makers within the European Union have expressed the need to reduce the bloc's dependence on imported agricultural products such as livestock feed. One industry that has been promoted as an advantageous source of livestock feed is the insect farming industry. However, the insect industry's growth has not kept pace with optimistic expectations, and high labour and electricity costs in Europe appear to be driving major insect companies to expand production offshore. Solutions may include supporting the automation of insect farming, though automation may have harmful social consequences, or bringing additional land under cultivation to expand domestic production of maize and soy. |
| Date: | 2024–04–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:6wq4f&r=agr |
| By: | Aimable Nsabimana |
| Abstract: | Analysis of household food consumption patterns and welfare requires knowledge of household demand responses to changes in price and income. Estimation of the price and expenditure elasticities requires detailed data on household purchases and prices, which are often not available in many developing countries. To overcome constraints on the availability of price data, two approaches are mostly used: community prices and unit value (obtained by dividing household expenditure by quantity purchased). However, prices from these approaches are most likely measured with error. |
| Keywords: | Households, Elasticity, Income, Prices, Household data, Food price |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp-2024-22&r=agr |
| By: | Sandrine Costa (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Mechthild Donner (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Christian Duquennoi (UR PROSE - Procédés biotechnologiques au service de l'environnement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Valentin Savary (INSA CVL - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Centre Val de Loire - INSA - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04528996&r=agr |
| By: | Castellanos, Yuli (University of Los Andes); Renau, Jorge Marco (University of Los Andes) |
| Abstract: | Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) is based on a rational planning process for forest supply and norms and regulations for the protection and sustainability of natural forests. In Colombia, SFM has been identified as a strategy to avoid deforestation and to favor the economy of households living in forests. However, timber harvesting of natural forests is currently carried out as a subsistence activity, generating low income and negative impacts on ecosystems. This study develops a discrete time bioeconomic model for SFM, with an objective function that is based on the economic impact on timber extraction yields of three commercial species, Achapo (Cedrelinga cateniformis), Cabuyo (Eschweilera coriacea) and Dormidero negro (Parkia discolor), located in the Guaviare region (Colombian Amazon). Our results show that the maximum benefits from sustainable forest harvesting of the three species are achieved in a 25 year span, with net benefits per hectare of USD 498.3, for a planning horizon of 50 years. Sustainable forest harvesting was found to be robust with respect to a number of assumptions in the model. These results provide a scientific basis for harvesting authorizations and permits. Policy implications are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Bioeconomy; Ecosystem services; Forest policy; Optimal control; Social welfare; Tropical forest conservation |
| JEL: | L73 O13 Q23 Q57 R14 |
| Date: | 2023–08–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunefd:2023_013&r=agr |
| By: | Natarajan, Kiruthika; Thibbotuwawa, Manoj; Babu, Suresh |
| Abstract: | Agriculture is the mainstay of Sri Lanka’s rural economy and employs about 26.5 percent of the country’s total employed population, rural and urban (Department of Census and Statistics [DCS] 2023a). Paddy occupies the largest portion of cropland; tea, rubber, coconut, spices, fruits, vegetables, pulses, and other cereals occupy the rest (Thibbotuwawa 2021; Senanayake and Premaratne 2016; Adhikari nayake 2005). Nonetheless, food and nutrition security remain a major challenge: nearly 3.9 million people, or 17 percent of Sri Lankans, experience moderately acute food insecurity; nearly 10, 000 are severely acute food insecure; and 56 percent of households have adopted food-based coping strategies, including reducing meal portion sizes (36 percent) and skipping meals (19 percent) (FAO 2023a). Moreover, the prevalence of underweight in women and anaemia in adolescent girls and women is high in South Asia (UNICEF 2023), and micronutrient (iron, zinc, and/or folate) deficiencies are also highest there (72 percent). |
| Keywords: | agriculture; crops; grain legumes; cereal crops; nutrition; food security; nutrient deficiencies; Southern Asia; Asia; Sri Lanka |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:polbrf:141543&r=agr |
| By: | International Food Policy Research Institute; United Nations Development Programme |
| Abstract: | Analysis of a comprehensive survey of Sudanese rural households conducted from November 2023 to January 2024 by IFPRI and UNDP reveals significant socioeconomic impacts of the ongoing armed conflict on the Sudanese population, underscoring the need for immediate and targeted policy and programmatic interventions. The conflict has severely disrupted rural household incomes and exacerbated existing vulnerabilities related to their housing and access to infrastructure and services. Most households live in inadequate housing conditions, with disparities in access to water, electricity, and sanitation services posing additional challenges. Rural households’ low access to assets, including agricultural land, further complicates their livelihoods. The conflict, primarily concentrated in urban areas, particularly Khartoum, has triggered mass migration, with significant numbers relocating to states like Aj Jazirah and Gedaref. These migrants, often from relatively better-off backgrounds, face substantial income losses, necessitating basic needs support and enhanced provision of public services, particularly for the large families that are more likely to migrate. Agriculture, a critical sector for rural livelihoods, has been significantly affected across all states. Most households reported not cultivating land during the summer season of 2023 due to the conflict. The sharp reduction in the area of crops planted underscores the need for support for farming activities, particularly for smallholder households. The survey highlights extensive exposure to shocks among rural households, with personal shocks, such as illnesses among household members, being the most common. Natural and climatic shocks, although less prevalent, alongside conflict-related shocks, like theft and violence, emphasize the complex challenges faced by these communities. Market access and disruptions have further impacted rural households, with a considerable proportion of rural households unable to sell or buy goods, primarily due to high prices and sharp reductions in income for most households. These market challenges, coupled with the overall economic instability, necessitate interventions aimed at maintaining and improving market accessibility and functionality to promote recovery and resilience. The findings from the analysis of the survey data lend support to designing and implementing comprehensive strategies that address the immediate needs of displaced populations and other rural households affected by income losses and market disruptions. Enhancing public services, supporting livelihoods, building resilience through shock-responsive social protection systems, agricultural and economic interventions, and ensuring equitable access to resources and markets for all households, particularly those headed by women and vulnerable groups, are the principal policy recommendations that emerged from this analysis. This study of rural household livelihoods amid the armed conflict in Sudan provides a foundation for targeted interventions and policy reforms aimed at mitigating the conflict’s impacts and fostering long-term resilience and economic stability. |
| Keywords: | livelihoods; armed conflicts; household surveys; impact assessment; migration; resilience; food security; assets; market access; shock; Africa; Northern Africa; Sudan |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:resrep:140797&r=agr |
| By: | Samir Ahmed (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad); Mansoor Ali (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad) |
| Abstract: | Agriculture markets in Pakistan are still primarily based on a colonial-era model and have not modernised with changing times. This has increased unnecessary costs in the supply chains that put growers and end-consumers at a disadvantage. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pid:rrepot:2024:11&r=agr |
| By: | Biteau, Corentin; Bry-Chevalier, Tom; Crummett, Dustin; Ryba, Ren; St. Jules, Michael |
| Abstract: | Insect farming is frequently proposed as an emerging industry that can improve the environmental and economic sustainability of the food system. However, existing research often overlooks significant challenges. In this article, we identify three bugs in the scientific literature on insect farming: 1) the overreliance on a handful of old studies when discussing environmental impacts; 2) the pervasive assumption that insect farms will utilise food waste; and 3) the reliance on theoretical price projections that do not hold up under commercial conditions. Debugging the literature will involve producing more realistic life-cycle assessments for the particular context of commercial-scale insect farming in the Global North, which will provide policymakers and industry with the data needed to make informed decisions for a truly sustainable food system. |
| Date: | 2024–04–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:7nmzj&r=agr |
| By: | Jiayue Zhang; Ken Seng Tan; Tony S. Wirjanto; Lysa Porth |
| Abstract: | This paper extends the application of ESG score assessment methodologies from large corporations to individual farmers' production, within the context of climate change. Our proposal involves the integration of crucial agricultural sustainability variables into conventional personal credit evaluation frameworks, culminating in the formulation of a holistic sustainable credit rating referred to as the Environmental, Social, Economics (ESE) score. This ESE score is integrated into theoretical joint liability models, to gain valuable insights into optimal group sizes and individual-ESE score relationships. Additionally, we adopt a mean-variance utility function for farmers to effectively capture the risk associated with anticipated profits. Through a set of simulation exercises, the paper investigates the implications of incorporating ESE scores into credit evaluation systems, offering a nuanced comprehension of the repercussions under various climatic conditions. |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2404.13818&r=agr |
| By: | Zambrano-Alvarado, Jocelyn I.; Uyaguari, Miguel |
| Abstract: | While most Canadians have access to high-quality drinking water, several Indigenous reserves face water insecurity. Drinking water systems (DWS) on reserves face limitations ranging from aging infrastructure and shared administration of water regulations. When potential hazards are identified in source waters, local environmental authorities may issue “water advisories”. Up to date, more than 20 long-term water advisories remain unresolved in Indigenous reserves in Canada. The risks associated with water insecurity include the presence of pathogenic microorganisms (i.e. Escherichia coli and total coliforms) and the reaction of natural organic matter (NOM) with disinfection chemicals in the DWS potentially forming disinfection by-products (DBPs). We revised the challenges and the potential use of different methods to remove NOM from water including coagulation, high- and low-pressure membrane filtration procedures, ozone, Ion exchange (IEX), and Biological Ion exchange (BIEX). Moreover, we reviewed the benefits and drawbacks that high throughput tools such as metagenomics, culturomics, and microfluidics devices could represent for water monitoring in Indigenous reserves. This review pursues a better understanding of the microbiological and chemical risks that water insecurity causes in Indigenous reserves in Canada. Additionally, we evaluate the potential implications of the potential technical and microbiological solutions that can be used to prevent the effect of pathogens in water and protect public health in Indigenous reserves. |
| Date: | 2024–04–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:w5hxy&r=agr |
| By: | Jean Marie Cardebat (BSE - Bordeaux Sciences Economiques - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Benoit Faye (BSE - Bordeaux Sciences Economiques - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Keywords: | Agro-alimentaire, Agriculture, Consommation, Alimentation, Agriculteurs, Consommateurs, Prix, Exploitation |
| Date: | 2024–04–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04548875&r=agr |
| By: | Akpalu, Wisdom (Environment and Natural Resource Research Initiative (ENRRI-EfD Ghana)); Vondolia, Godwin K. (UiT-Arctic University of Norway); Adom, Phillip K. (University of Professional Studies, Accra); Peprah, Dorcas Asaah (University of Ghana) |
| Abstract: | Socio-economic studies of fisheries crime in developing countries have focused on the fishers (primarily men) and neglected the fishmongers (typically women), who are passive participants in illegal fishing. These fishmongers face lesser risks and less severe punishments than the fishermen who supply them. Socio-cultural norms frequently preclude women from fishing but may allow them to indirectly support it through, say, the provision of finance and trading in its produce. This study uses an endogenous treatment effect model to investigate the decision to trade in illegally caught fish in Ghana and the impacts of this participation on food security and household expenditure. It finds that peer pressure and misperceptions of catch trends tend to increase involvement in the illegal fish trade and that participants spend less but are more food secure. In addition, fishmongers sensitive to changes in income over a narrow income range are less likely to participate and tend to spend less per household but be more food secure. The policy implications are that providing fish traders with adequate and timely information on the state of fish stocks and social protection programs to improve their food security status may reduce their participation in the trade in illegally caught fish. |
| Keywords: | illegal fishing; welfare; gender; Ghana |
| JEL: | Q22 |
| Date: | 2023–05–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunefd:2023_009&r=agr |
| By: | Nsowah, Johnson; Anane, Augustine; Zunuo Tang, John; Aopare, Janet |
| Abstract: | The food and beverage industry plays a unique role in expanding economic opportunities because it is universal to life and health. However, the industry’s performance was below average in Ghana and was facing intense competition from the imported food stuffs from overseas. The study adopted quantitative approach with food and beverage processing companies in the Ashanti Region of Ghana as the target population. The target population for the study was hundred selected companies in the SME’s which comprises of fifty respondents in food and fifty respondents in beverage. Structured questionnaires were used to gather primary data in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Linear regression and correlation statistics were applied to investigate relationship between SCM Strategies and competitive advantage. The study concluded that companies’ competitive advantage is achieved through implementing supply chain agility, collaboration and integration strategies in their networks. The study recommends that the companies should develop a clearly laid down policies and procedures for handling customers’ concerns and also develop interactive websites to achieve effective information sharing and concerns that can be addressed in real time. |
| Keywords: | Supply Chain Management Strategies (SCM); Competitive Advantage; Supply Chain Collaboration; Supply Chain Integration Strategies; Supply Chain Agility. |
| JEL: | H41 M00 M10 M21 P4 |
| Date: | 2024–02–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120672&r=agr |
| By: | Hélène Simonin (PAM - Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] - UB - Université de Bourgogne - UBFC - Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Corinne Tanguy (CESAER - Centre d'Economie et de Sociologie Rurales Appliquées à l'Agriculture et aux Espaces Ruraux - UBFC - Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Gaëlle Petit; Claire Lambert |
| Keywords: | D22 L6 Q01) collective catering environmental performance life cycle assessment vegetables scenarios, D22, L6, Q01) collective catering, environmental performance, life cycle assessment, vegetables, scenarios |
| Date: | 2024–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04532479&r=agr |
| By: | Yohannes , Dereje (Addis Ababa University); Lindskog, Annika (University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the impact of positive and negative rainfall shocks on child labor in agricultural households in Ethiopia. We are the first to investigate how the presences of a public works program affect the child labor response to rainfall shocks. We also investigate heterogeneity with respect to access to local credit markets, and we use the timing of survey collection and Ethiopia’s two growing seasons to investigate both immediate effects of rainfall variation in the Belg (short rainy season) and more long-term effects of rainfall variation in the Meher (long rainy season). Using household panel data matched with geospatial rainfall data, we find the following: (1) the prevalence of child labor is higher after a positive Meher-season rainfall shock and lower after a negative one, in line with a productivity effect which dominates possible income effects. (2) The immediate impact of a negative Belg season rainfall shock is, however, to increase child labor, probably because tasks typically carried out by children, such as fetching water and herding livestock, take longer during droughts. (3) The PSNP mitigates the child labor effects of positive Meher season rainfall shocks. (4) Access to credit mitigates the increase in agricultural work hours but exacerbates the increase in household work hours immediately after a negative Belg season rainfall shock. |
| Keywords: | Rainfall shock; Child Labor; PSNP; Credit Market; Ethiopia |
| JEL: | J13 |
| Date: | 2023–12–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunefd:2023_017&r=agr |
| By: | Prasetyo, Octavia Rizky; Kadir, Kadir |
| Abstract: | This study aims to assess whether Jajar Legowo planting system has a significant impact on increasing the productivity of wetland paddy and the income of the paddy growers in Indonesia. We applied a linear regression model to the results of the 2017 National Cost Structure of Paddy Cultivation Household Survey conducted by BPS-Statistics Indonesia in all 34 provinces. The main contribution of this study is to provide an evaluation of the performance of Jajar Legowo planting system in increasing paddy productivity and income of the farmers. Therefore, our research can be used by the government as a reference for future improvement of the implementation of Jajar Legowo cultivation system. Our findings show that the new cultivation system has a significant impact on increasing the productivity of wetland paddy. Without controlling for other variables affecting productivity, the estimation result pointed out that on average, the new cultivation system can increase productivity by about 10 per cent. However, after controlling for other variables (the farmers and other cultivations characteristics), the magnitude decreases to around 5 per cent. Moreover, our estimation results also show that the income of the farmers rises by around 12 per cent by implementing Jajar Legowo. Our study indicates that the implementation of Jajar Legowo planting system results in better efficiency than that of the conventional one. |
| Keywords: | Jajar Legowo, productivity, the income of farmers |
| JEL: | Q1 Q12 Q16 Q18 |
| Date: | 2023–08–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120695&r=agr |
| By: | Tibesigwa, Byela (Environment for Development (EfD) in Tanzania, University of Dar Es Salaam; and a Research Associate at the Environmental Policy Research Unit (EPRU), University of Cape Town); Ntuli, Herbert (EfD - Environmental Policy Research Unit (EPRU) in the School of Economics at the University of Cape Town.); Muta, Telvin (Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) in Nairobi, Kenya) |
| Abstract: | Sub-Saharan Africa’s urban ecosystem is under considerable pressure due to rapid urban sprawl and high direct dependency on the natural ecosystem. But the value of nature conservation or restoration is poorly understood. The current paper reports the results of an investigation of willingness to pay for nature restoration and conservation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. To account for preference and scale heterogeneity a menu of models - random parameter logit, generalised multinomial and latent class model - with varying assumptions are employed. Findings are that the marginal WTP is highest in relation to forests, where WTP is between TSH88- and TSH331, (US$0.04 – US$0.17) depending on the estimation model. This is followed by WTP for restoration and conservation of rivers, the value of which is TSH5- TSH53 (US$0 – US$0.03). The value placed on conservation of coasts is TSH2-TSH23 (US$0 – US$0.01). The low value placed on nature restoration and conservation by residents in the city of Dar es Salaam open up policy dialogue on the importance of nature in cities amidst rapid urbanization in the region. The figures also cast doubt on the potential for generating revenue to finance green infrastructure from the residents of cities in developing countries. The maximum revenue that can be collected ranges from US$43650 for coasts and US$743050 for forests. Lack of environmental awareness and concern translates into environmentally unsustainable behaviour in cities such as starting of veldt fires, deforestation, wetland conversion, stream bank cultivation and littering of beaches. Our results suggest the need for massive awareness campaigns to sensitize the city’s residents about different attributes of nature and their value in provision of ecosystems goods and services to charge their perceptions and attitudes. |
| Keywords: | choice modelling; WTP; conservation; restoration; forests; rivers; coasts; heterogeneity; Tanzania |
| JEL: | Q25 Q53 Q57 |
| Date: | 2023–06–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunefd:2023_007&r=agr |
| By: | B. Swaminathan (Junagadh Agricultural University) |
| Abstract: | The present study analyzes the spatial integration of 10 major wholesale egg markets in India, which all together cater to 90% of egg volume and trade in the country, utilizing the monthly egg price data from January 2009 to December 2022. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boc:indi23:08&r=agr |