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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2024‒03‒11
fifty-four papers chosen by |
| By: | Pittock, Jamie |
| Abstract: | Sustainable intensification of agricultural production is needed to feed 10 billion people who have limited land and water resources in a changing climate. In Africa, enormous investment in irrigation schemes has resulted in a build–fail–rebuild cycle that has trapped farmers in poverty. The Australian National University and partners have been supported by ACIAR in ‘Transforming Irrigation in Southern Africa’ (TISA) from 2013 to 2023, to reboot failing small-holder (average farm size = 0.5 ha; ~15, 500 farm households) irrigation schemes in Mozambique, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. We intervened in two ways. First, farmers were provided with simple-to-use soil monitoring tools – the Chameleon and Full Stop (https://via.farm/) – to manage their water application and soil fertility. Farmers at the head end of canals reduced their water application by half to two thirds, increasing crop yields and generating many other benefits. Second, in a social process, farmers formed agricultural innovation platforms. They identified, prioritised and fixed problems that they could influence, including to: grow more profitable crops, lower input costs, better access markets, and in some cases, undertake further processing. This increased household incomes and catalysed many other benefits. For example, during the COVID crisis, food insecurity in TISA schemes was much less than for non-TISA schemes. This is analogous to the resilience required under a changing climate. The TISA project illustrates that: 1. Agriculture systems are complex and require multiple social and technological investments to become more sustainable and profitable; 2. Empowering farming communities and businesses is key to building profitable agricultural systems that deliver lasting benefits; 3. Significant decoupling of resource use from production is possible and this increases resilience to shocks; and 4. Long term (10 years) of research for development investment by ACIAR into community driven research has enabled lasting change. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Crop Production/Industries, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339628&r=agr |
| By: | Dalheimer, Bernhard; Bellemare, Marc F.; Lim, Sunghun |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339502&r=agr |
| By: | Pittock, Jamie; Siddique AM FTSE, Kadambot; Khalil, Roya |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339631&r=agr |
| By: | Anderson, Kym |
| Abstract: | The riskiness of agricultural production has been increasing this century, but so too have global market and policy uncertainties faced by farmers, agribusinesses and agrifood traders. In addition to short-term geopolitical contributors to which producers in the agrifood system have to become more resilient, there are long-term concerns with climate change (CC) and biodiversity loss and the responses of various governments and international agencies to those concerns. Farmers are among the worst-affected producers but are also significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity losses. Adapting to global warming and more-extreme weather events, and to new policies aimed at mitigating CC, is challenging many farmers, while some other farmers will see new opportunities such as being paid to contribute to CC mitigation. Better outcomes, in terms of reductions in global food insecurity, malnutrition, CC, biodiversity loss and extreme poverty, require policy reforms in at least three areas: (i) less government intervention in national markets for agrifood products and purchased farm inputs, to ensure better use of the world’s agricultural resources, (ii) more-widespread taxing of greenhouse gas emissions, and (iii) better markets for and policies affecting the services of natural capital so as to generate more (and more-appropriate) public investments in agricultural research and rural infrastructure in developing countries, and more public-private collaboration to up-scale innovations pertinent to the needs of farmers and agribusinesses there. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Food Security and Poverty, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339627&r=agr |
| By: | Fowler, Cary |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339620&r=agr |
| By: | Lee, Warren TK |
| Abstract: | Food systems have a great potential to fulfill food security and nutrition for providing year-round healthy and affordable diets for all. Currently, however, our food systems have not yet delivered their full potential, leaving billions of people food insecure and unable to afford healthy diets; millions of children are stunted and wasted; and there is rising prevalence of obesity and non-communicable diseases. Hence, food systems in many parts of the world fail to deliver their missions! In the Asia-Pacific, the situation is exacerbated by population growth, urbanisation, changing consumption patterns, COVID-19, and the Ukraine war, and it is further complicated by climate change leading to unhealthy diets, poor nutrition and health, as well as unsustainable livelihoods and environment. Climate affects agri-food production which, however, is also a contributor to climate change. One-third of GHG emissions are generated from food systems. Climate change influences the entire food systems: poor soil fertility and reduced crop yield, biodiversity loss, pest diseases, reduced density and bioavailability of nutrients in foods, etc. Thus, climate change may increase malnutrition and health risks, deteriorate livelihoods and unsustainable environment. Sustainable and resilient food systems transformation coupled with nature-positive solutions, including climate-smart agriculture aligned with contextual ecosystem function, biodiversity and environmental conservation are warranted to ensure healthier diets and optimal health, and to mitigate and adapt the impact of climatic and food system interactions on diet, health and environment. Food systems transformation can harness the power of food systems to benefit humanity and the earth. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339625&r=agr |
| By: | Umberger, Wendy |
| Abstract: | Our demands on the world’s food producers continue to grow as we look to the global food system to efficiently provide growing populations with safe, nutritious and higher quality food, while also using fewer inputs and preserving vulnerable ecosystems. At the same time, rapid economic transition in many countries, increased integration of global markets and new technologies provide many opportunities for the farming sector. Smallholder farmers, who feed a significant portion of the global population, remain amongst the world’s poorest people, and they are one of the groups most vulnerable to impacts of climate change such as more extreme weather events, less predictable weather patterns, threatened water security, emerging pest and disease threats and soil and land degradation. They face complex livelihood decisions which will see many leave the sector for opportunities in urban areas, leaving increasing labour shortages in rural areas. This presentation explores options for innovation by smallholders to address these on-farm risks and the technologies, policies, and economic and social enablers needed to facilitate more resilient food and nutrition systems. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339630&r=agr |
| By: | Brink, Lars; Orden, David |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339487&r=agr |
| By: | Ahsan, Saquib; Jones, Keithly |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Farm Management, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339528&r=agr |
| By: | Fargher, Ben |
| Abstract: | Global food security in a riskier world is a vitally important topic. Nearly 830 million people are food insecure – there are real and urgent challenges facing the global food system. Topics such as market access and the empowerment of people, especially as it relates to smallholder agriculture in the Asia Pacific region, are critical. As Cargill sits at the centre of the global agricultural supply chain, working alongside farmers, producers, manufacturers, retailers, governments, and other organisations, the presentation will raise solutions for resilient food and nutrition systems, with particular emphasis on the supply chain. It will explain the Cargill experience of the implications for farmers of disruptions to global supply chains in a modern geopolitical environment including from rising demand, climate and geopolitical conflict. Experiences from COVID-19 lockdowns and the more recent disruptions due to the war in Ukraine, have had significant implications for farmers and agribusiness and strategies for diversification of markets, more flexible and resilient supply chains, and planning for resilience to reduce future vulnerability for the benefit of consumers and growers will be considered. One if not the most urgent challenge is the climate crisis. Cargill is committed to reducing the climate impact of agriculture and agriculture is part of the solution to this challenge. Working with suppliers, customers, and partners, action-oriented, lasting solutions and several practical examples will be outlined. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339619&r=agr |
| By: | Goyal, Raghav; Mensah, Edouard; Steinbach, Sandro |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339507&r=agr |
| By: | Cantin, Bernard |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339524&r=agr |
| By: | Hedoui, M. Anime; Beghin, John |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339516&r=agr |
| By: | Shyma Jose (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)); Ashok Gulati (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)) |
| Abstract: | Demand and supply projections are crucial for formulating farsighted agricultural and food policies to sustain food production, ensure food security and for the efficient functioning of food systems while controlling for external factors such as changing consumption basket, taste, and preferences, changing population growth and income growth. Against this backdrop, the present study estimates demand and supply projection of major agricultural commodities such as cereals (rice, wheat, coarse cereals), pulses, milk, meat, sugar, fruits, and vegetables up to 2030-31 under alternative per capita income growth scenarios. Prior to forecasting demand and supply projections up to 2030-31, the study has validated the adopted methodology to assess the forecasting performance of the model. A review of earlier studies reveals that, for assessing the demand projection, most studies used per capita consumption of agricultural commodities from the latest National Sample Survey Organisation’s consumption expenditure survey round (2011-12). However, since the food basket has registered significant change over the years, the present study has adopted an absorption approach to project demand for agricultural commodities where the absorption of a commodity is estimated after deducting changes in government stocks from the summation of production and net imports. Expenditure elasticity used for demand forecast in this study is compiled from Kumar et al. (2011) as well as Niti Ayog’s Working Group (WG) Report on the Demand and Supply Projections towards 2033 (2018). |
| Keywords: | agricultural commodities, demand and supply, agriculture India |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:report:23-r-07&r=agr |
| By: | Jelliffe, Jeremy; Santeramo, Fabio |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339544&r=agr |
| By: | Ubalijoro, Eliane |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339622&r=agr |
| By: | Michels, Jacob; Beghin, John |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339514&r=agr |
| By: | Daun, Tyler; Tafti, Alissa |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339498&r=agr |
| By: | Morgan, Stephen; Padilla, Samantha |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339510&r=agr |
| By: | Martin, Will; Mamun, Abdullah; Minot, Nicholas |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Demand and Price Analysis, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339506&r=agr |
| By: | Gonzalez, Joshua; Jones, Keithly |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Financial Economics, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339530&r=agr |
| By: | Woods, Beth |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Crop Production/Industries, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339621&r=agr |
| By: | Taherzadeh, Oliver; Mogollón, José |
| Abstract: | In our globalised food system, farmers meet domestic and transboundary food needs. As a result, the contribution of farmers to domestic food production is a poor proxy for their role in national food security. This study offers the first global assessment of how small-, medium-, and large-scale farmers contribute to global food security. We find that the role of small-scale farmers in national and global food security has been significantly underestimated due to the localised focus of previous studies, particularly in high-income nations. Future research must account for the differentiated roles, impacts, and vulnerabilities of farmers within a global context. |
| Date: | 2024–01–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:ajnsk&r=agr |
| By: | Khamis, Fathiya Mbarak |
| Abstract: | The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) projects the global population to reach 9.7 billion by 2050. As such, food demand is expected to increase by 70% to meet food and nutritional security of the expanding population. Globally hunger is widely prevalent in the Africa, South Asia and in some Oceania islands. Therefore, population expansion and rapid urbanisation, coupled with the effects of the three Cs – COVID-19, climate change, and conflicts – are impacting food security in most of these regions. By 2050, 68% of the global population is anticipated to live in cities resulting in rising food prices, unemployment, and environmental degradation through massive accumulation of organic wastes, with only a very small proportion of it appropriately recycled in developing countries. Increasing income of urban dwellers has significantly increased the demand for crop and animal products, while lack of cost-efficient inputs such as fertilisers and feeds is constraining crop and livestock productivity. Ironically 33% of the food produced globally never manages to feed the people due to various post-harvest losses. These diverse and interlinked developmental challenges call for innovative solutions to address them. Use of insects such as black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, for recycling organic wastes into nutrient-rich organic fertilisers for crop productivity, while also supplying high-quality insect biomass which is rich in crude proteins, fats, gross energy, well-balanced amino acids and vitamins for the feed sector to enhance livestock productivity, is one of these approaches. This is an innovative, eco-friendly and circular solution that contributes to environmental sustainability (mitigation of waste), food security (enhanced crop and livestock production) and has the potential to contribute to critically needed employment for youth and women in Africa, South Asia and the Pacific Islands. Furthermore, the high quality and locally produced insect protein and insect-based organic fertilisers can be excellent substitutes for often imported feed protein additives and synthetic fertilisers, and have the potential to reduce the import bills of several developing and underdeveloped nations. In brief |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339623&r=agr |
| By: | Kim, Dongin; Steinbach, Sandro |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339550&r=agr |
| By: | Khadka, Savin; Gopinath, Munisamy; Batarseh, Feras A. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339474&r=agr |
| By: | James Manley (Department of Economics, Towson University) |
| Abstract: | As women comprise a larger share of land managers, it is important to discern factors that limit their success. Using nationally representative data from Cambodia we compare factors associated with productivity among female headed households as opposed to male headed households. OLS regressions show that household size, education, vocational training, land area, an index of non-agricultural capital, and the income share from agriculture are positively related to all types of agricultural revenue. However, when we use a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition to separately consider revenue from crop production and rice production (as opposed to animal husbandry) we see that after the primacy of land access, the years of education are the next most important, and that differences between endowments explain all of the difference between male and female-headed households. We conclude that there are high returns to investment in education for girls and women in Cambodian agriculture. |
| Keywords: | Cambodia, education, Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition, agricultural productivity, FAO, 50x2030. |
| JEL: | Q12 J16 J31 |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tow:wpaper:2024-03&r=agr |
| By: | Poudel, Dikshit; Munisamy, Gopinath |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339515&r=agr |
| By: | Martin, Will |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339547&r=agr |
| By: | Otgun, Hanifi; Beghin, John; Maximiliano, Fernando |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339500&r=agr |
| By: | Shepotylo, Oleksandr |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339552&r=agr |
| By: | Khalil, Roya |
| Abstract: | The rising costs of fertilisers, disruptions in supply chains due to COVID-19 and global conflicts, and a focus on soil health have led to increased interest among growers in using alternative inputs for improved cropping systems. Recycled organics derived from intensive livestock operations and food waste contain valuable nutrients and organic matter, which can enhance soil characteristics, increase crop productivity, reduce reliance on inorganic fertilisers, and promote resilient farming systems. The Incitec Pivot Fertilisers’ (IPF) Australia biofertilisers (ABF) is made with a sterilised and dried organic waste materials from poultry sheds, combined with inorganic chemicals, resulting in organo-mineral granules that provide necessary nutrients, organic matter, and labile carbons in a single granule. ABF technology is one example of efficient waste recycling where most of the nutrients and carbon are retained from the waste as opposed to being lost to the atmosphere as greenhouse gases, in alignment with the principles of circular economy. The main barriers to adoption are the high capital cost of building in Australia and the cost of renewable energy to run the process. Similar challenges are faced by other emerging technologies such as green ammonia. Perhaps the greatest opportunity for farmers is to adopt inhibitors which can minimise gaseous and leaching losses from existing nitrogen fertilisers. Nitrogen fertilisers are essential to crop production, but more than half of the fertiliser applied to crops is lost due to leaching or volatilisation. The IPF inhibitors can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% from fertilisers and in some cases allow rate reduction without impacting yield and quality of produce. IPF conducted a study comparing their patented technologies of biofertilisers and nitrification inhibitors with standard farming practices for celery cultivation in East Victoria, demonstrating similar crop yields, reduced emissions and providing application efficiency. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp23:339624&r=agr |
| By: | Lin, Sunghum; Oh, Saera |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339543&r=agr |
| By: | Nava, No´e J.; Morgan, Stephen; Ridley, William |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339478&r=agr |
| By: | Steinbach, Sandro; Yildirim, Yasin |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339540&r=agr |
| By: | Gatto, Alessandro; Chepeliev, Maksym |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339518&r=agr |
| By: | Araujo, Rafael; Borges, Bruna; Costa, Francisco J M (FGV EPGE Brazilian School of Economics and Finance); Santos, Kelly |
| Abstract: | Gender gaps in land ownership are common across the world, favoring male-headed households with more wealth and land. In low- and middle-income countries, where women lack property, inheritance, and credit rights, these disparities contribute to gender inequality in rural areas. The adoption of advanced agricultural technology, while economically positive, can worsen gender disparities. This paper studies the impact of new agricultural technologies on female land ownership, focusing on genetically engineered (GE) soy seeds in Brazil. Despite technology's potential to reduce gender inequality, we find a significant decline in female landownership in GE soy-exposed regions. We examine the role of mechanisms like credit access, property rights, and gender norms. We find that the effects are more pronounced where rural credit is more abundant, property rights are stronger, and gender norms are more unequal. Our findings highlight the unintended consequences of the spread of new technologies on rural asset ownership, underscoring the importance of considering gender disparities in crafting agricultural and climate change strategies. |
| Date: | 2024–02–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:dk4bc&r=agr |
| By: | Lana, Victor; Bornacki, Leonardo |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339555&r=agr |
| By: | Nguyen, Anh; Lim, Sunghun |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339477&r=agr |
| By: | Muhammad, Andrew; Hossen, Deluair |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339493&r=agr |
| By: | Chiaverina, Pierre; Drogué, Sophie; Jacquet, Florence; Lev, Larry; King, Robert P. |
| Abstract: | Many researchers, policy makers and food activists view Short Food Supply Chains (SFSC) as levers for improving farm income and the sustainability of farming systems. We conduct a systematic review of the motivations and factors favoring and barriers constraining farmer participation in SFSC as well as the impact on their income. We examined articles published in English and French from January 2000 to September 2021. The analysis includes a total of 146 papers among 2226 scientific articles returned by the literature search from Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. The largest number of publications on these topics have been conducted on the United States (US) and have dramatically increased since 2014. The findings indicate that both economic and non-economic motivations encourage farmers to produce for SFSC with mixed evidence on which is the primary motivation. A set of characteristics of the farmers, farms and the area where the farms are located drive SFSC involvement. However, many constraints hinder the development of SFSC. In addition, even though the majority of studies report that SFSC participation has a positive impact on farmer income, some studies find the opposite result. Based on our results, research gaps are identified and policy suggestions drawn. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:umaesp:339892&r=agr |
| By: | Choi, Eseul; DePaula, Guilherme; Kyveryga, Peter; Fey, Suzanne |
| Abstract: | Climate change is expected to intensify rainfall, thereby raising the likelihood of nitrogen leaching in agriculture. This study incorporates the effects of excessive rainfall on crop yield and water pollution into a simple economic model for managing nitrogen. We then empirically test this model using data from on-farm experiments conducted in Iowa. Our findings indicate that both optimal nitrogen application rates and environmental damage increase with excessive rainfall. As nitrogen becomes more productive under increased rainfall, the cost of controlling nitrogen pollution escalates. However, our study highlights management practices resilient to heavy rainfall such as split nitrogen application with sidedressing. |
| Date: | 2024–02–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:isu:genstf:202402222018560000&r=agr |
| By: | Jean-Louis Rastoin (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Papa Abdoulaye Seck (ANSTS - Académie Nationale des Sciences et Techniques du Sénégal) |
| Abstract: | After four technological and organizational transitions in 400, 000 years, humanity is in search of sustainable and shared food security. Indeed, the heavy negative externalities of the agro-industrial system that has become hegemonic in 150 years encourage us to rebuild food systems from a socio-ecological point of view. Based on a synthesis of different forecasts, the authors present the alternative scenario of "Sustainable Territorialized Food Systems" (STFS) based on the extended quality of products, territorial autonomy, proximity and solidarity. Such a scenario would induce profound changes in the countries of the North and the South with contextualized trajectories. In Europe, this is a trend break. In Africa, the weak significance of the agro-industrial model suggests a direct orientation towards STFSs, without going through this agro-industrial model. Based on theoretical and empirical considerations, four recommendations are made for public and private decision makers: strategic planning, risk prevention through the "One Health" concept, redeployment of the knowledge chain, reconfiguration of agri-food value chains and governance design. |
| Abstract: | Après quatre transitions technologiques et organisationnelles en 400 000 ans, l'humanité est en quête d'une sécurité alimentaire durable et partagée. En effet, les lourdes externalités négatives du système agro-industriel devenu hégémonique en 150 ans incitent à reconstruire les systèmes alimentaires dans une perspective socio-écologique. Sur la base d'une synthèse de diverses prospectives, les auteurs présentent le scénario alternatif de « systèmes alimentaires territorialisés durables » (SATD) fondés sur la qualité élargie des produits, l'autonomie territoriale, la proximité et la solidarité. Un tel scénario induirait de profonds changements dans les pays du Nord et du Sud, avec des trajectoires contextualisées. Pour l'Europe, il s'agit d'une rupture de tendance. En Afrique, la faible prégnance du modèle agro-industriel suggère une orientation directe vers des SATD, sans passer par ce modèle agro-industriel. À partir de considérations théoriques et empiriques, quatre préconisations sont faites à l'intention des décideurs publics et privés : planification stratégique, prévention des risques par le concept « une seule santé », redéploiement de la chaîne des savoirs, reconfiguration des filières agro-alimentaires et de leurs modes de gouvernance. |
| Date: | 2024–02–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04442305&r=agr |
| By: | Steinbach, Sandro; Zurita, Carlos |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339549&r=agr |
| By: | Matteo Coronese; Martina Occelli; Francesco Lamperti; Andrea Roventini |
| Abstract: | Economic and population growth increasingly pressure the Earth system. Fertile soils are essential to ensure global food security, requiring high-yielding agro-technological regimes to cope with rising soil degradation and macro-nutrients deficiencies, which may be further exacerbated by climate change. In this work, we extend the AgriLOVE land-use agent-based model (Coronese et al., 2023) to investigate trade-offs in the transition between conventional and sustainable farming regimes in a smallholder economy exposed to explicit environmental boundaries. We investigate the ability of the system to favor a sustainable transition when prolonged conventional farming leads to soil depletion. First, we showcase the emergence of three endogenous scenarios of transition and lock-in. Then, we analyze transition dynamics under several behavioral, environmental and policy scenarios. Our results highlights a strong path-dependence of the agricultural sector, with scarce capacity to foster successful transitions to a sustainable regime in absence of external interventions. The role of behavioral changes is limited and we find evidence of negative tipping points induced by mismanagement of grassland and forests. These findings call for policies strongly supporting sustainable agriculture. We test regulatory measures aimed at protecting common environmental goods and public incentives to encourage the search for novel production techniques targeted at closing the sustainable-conventional yield gap. We find that their effectiveness is highly time-dependent, with rapidly closing windows of opportunity. |
| Keywords: | Agriculture; Land use; Agent-based model; Technological change; Transition; Environmental boundaries; Sustainability |
| Date: | 2024–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2024/05&r=agr |
| By: | Kim, Jiyeon; Yu, Jisang |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339481&r=agr |
| By: | Dennis, Elliott; Okunola, Akinbode |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339484&r=agr |
| By: | Jeanneaux, Philippe; Piet, Laurent |
| Abstract: | Farmers capitalize a significant share of their cash flow in their farm’s professional assets. Indeed, the wealth generated on a farm can be allocated either to the immediate remuneration of the non-salaried workers or to the financing of investments, which can be considered as a deferred remuneration to be realized in the future. Based on the analysis of their annual cash flows and assets on their balance sheets, we document how this trade-off is implemented by a FADN sample of 1, 374 French commercial farms over the period 2002-2018. It appears that the estimated internal rates of return of the investments are positive in most cases, with an average of 1.7%. We further identify five strategies based on the respective shares of the operating cash flow dedicated to either investments or private withdrawals. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Farm Management, Production Economics |
| Date: | 2024–02–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:inrasl:339873&r=agr |
| By: | Vrolijk, Kasper |
| Abstract: | Businesses often engage in long-term relationships with firms and people they trust and know, in which they informally sell and exchange information and services (Baker, Gibbons, & Murphy, 2002). As postulated by Arrow (1972, p. 357), 'virtually every commercial trans-action has within itself an element of trust'. Within these relations, trust is defined as the belief that market actors adhere to informal contract arrangements. Particularly in lower-income countries, which are often described by distortions - such as inefficient institutions (e.g., contract enforcement), imperfect markets (e.g., access to credit), and market distortions created by firms (e.g., lobbying) (Atkin & Khandelwal, 2020) - such relational contracts are important for commercial interactions locally and internationally and are an important complement to formal contracts. In low-income economies, how are relational contracts used to foster economic activity? What policy measures can be used to aid trust-based relational contracts, or to address its inefficiencies? This Policy Brief presents the results from a study on the Rwandan coffee chain, which surveyed coffee mills, farmers and exporters on their performance and relational contracts. The main findings are that relational contracts are an important component at two levels of the chain: (a) between cooperatives, washing stations and mills, and its members, and (b) between mills and buyers. Mills, for example, offer informal provisions to its farmers to ensure timely delivery of high-quality beans. Exporters and mills invest in trust-based relationships with buyers by spending on getting market access and productivity-increasing activities (e.g., investing in new machinery) in anticipation of future buyer demand and prior to formal contracting. Buyers likewise invest in creating and maintaining relational contracts to local firms by providing informal technical and financial support. With the exception of certification programmes, few of the activities that both mills and buyers undertake are formally enforced through contracts but instead are done at the discretion of producers and buyers. Such informal relations are important and necessary because in low-income countries there can be market risks (e.g., limited access to inputs for farmers) that, if not addressed, affect the coffee supply and quality. The coffee sector in Rwanda is to a large extent com-parable to the coffee sector in other countries and other agricultural supply chains in low-income countries (like labour- and quality-intensive products, such as tea and cocoa). Therefore, this study may offer some valuable lessons to policy makers: 1. Promote brokerage services to support trust-based relationships between local firms and international buyers. Brokerage services include programmes (either by governments of international organisations) that bring together and facilitate buyer-supplier linkages. These services have proven successful in creating long-term buyer-supplier relationships, while also facilitating financial and technical support for local firms and market access. There is a role for both international organisations and national governments to provide financing or facilitate such services. 2. Use certification to formalise quality upgrading and market access. Certification programmes include credible, internationally recognised standards and evaluation protocols that are used across multiple commodities. Certification can help formalise some of the quality upgrading and market access activities that firms and farmers otherwise would receive informally through relational contracts. There are roles for national governments to promote and subsidise certification practices and for international organisations and certification providers to expand such services. |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:idospb:283121&r=agr |
| By: | Gatto, Alessandro; Chepeliev, Maksym |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339517&r=agr |
| By: | Ölkers, Tim |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Security and Poverty, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats23:339554&r=agr |
| By: | Karen Hermans;; Bea Cantillon;; Anikó Bernát;; Elena Carrillo-Álvarez;; Irene Cussó-Parcerisas;; Lauri Mäkinen; Júlia Muñoz Martínez;; Péter Szivos; |
| Abstract: | Many European welfare states are confronted with a growing demand for charitable food aid among households that struggle to make ends meet. This issue is particularly pressing today as a consequence of the COVID-19 crisis, the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the following soaring inflation. In this exploratory case study research, we estimate the financial importance of charitable food aid packages for vulnerable recipient families by using cross-country comparable food basket data. Concretely, we collected data about the content of food packages and conducted interviews in twelve food distribution points in Antwerp, Barcelona, Budapest and Helsinki. Furthermore, we evaluate the content of food aid packages by comparing them with food basket and Household Budget Survey data. Based on the data in our twelve case study organisations, we find that the monetary value of food aid packages differs greatly between and within cities. While average food aid packages in Antwerp and Barcelona exceed 100 euros a month (adjusted for Purchasing Power Parities), this value is lower in Helsinki but especially in Budapest. This variation seems to be partially driven by differences in administrative and volunteer capacity, the (financial) support by municipalities and the position within the broader food aid network. Nevertheless, food aid packages as a top-up to inadequate minimum incomes are never able to close the at-risk-of-poverty-gap for social assistance recipients in the studied organisations in the four countries. Furthermore, our results show that the food aid packages do not fully represent a healthy and varied diet and do not correspond to people’s average consumption choices. Hence, it is very likely that food aid recipients will attach a lower recipient value to the food aid packages than the estimated market values, because the packages do not entirely reflect specific household preferences and needs. |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hdl:wpaper:2301&r=agr |
| By: | Prehn, Soren |
| Abstract: | It is common practice in the literature to apply the same hedging practices (i.e., full hedging and minimum variance hedging) to storable and non-storable commodities. But is this approach also suitable for fluid milk? Dairy farmers have very different hedging objectives than grain farmers. The former want to lock in profitable forward prices for fluid milk, while the latter are looking for profitable storage margins for grain. In this paper, we will discuss not only why standard hedging practices are inappropriate when the goal is to lock in a forward price for fluid milk but also which hedging practice should be used instead. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iamodp:340077&r=agr |
| By: | Diakité, Zakary |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the demand for lamb, beef, pork, and poultry in Canada, both at the national level and in disaggregated provinces, to identify meat consumption patterns in different provinces. Meat consumption plays a significant role in Canada’s economy and is an important source of calories for the population. However, meat demand faces several consumption challenges due to logistic constraints, as a significant portion of the supply is imported from other countries. Therefore, there is a need for a better understanding of the causal relationships underlying lamb, beef, pork, and poultry consumption in Canada. Until recently, there have been no attempts to estimate meat consumption at the provincial level in Canada. Different Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) models have been applied for testing specifications to circumvent several econometric and theoretical problems. In particular, generalized AIDS and its Quadratic extension QUAIDS methods have been estimated across each province using the Iterative Linear Least Squares Estimator (ILLE) estimation Method. Weekly retail meat consumption price and quantity data from 2019 to 2022 have been used for Canada and for each province namely Quebec, Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island), Ontario, total West (Yukon, Northwest Territory and Nunavut), Alberta, Manitoba-Saskatchewan and Manitoba as well as British Columbia. Consistent coefficients and demand elasticities estimates reveal patterns of substitution and/or complementarity between the four categories of meat. Meat consumption patterns differ across each province. Results show that the demand for the four categories of meat is responsive to price changes. Overall, lamb expenditure was found to be elastic and thus considered a luxury good during the study period, while the other three categories are considered normal goods across Canada. |
| Keywords: | Meat Demand; Estimation; Almost Ideal Demand System; Elasticity of Demand; Expenditure |
| JEL: | C12 C13 C51 D11 D12 |
| Date: | 2023–11–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:120115&r=agr |