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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2023‒08‒14
fifty-one papers chosen by |
| By: | Weir, Rebecca |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335484&r=agr |
| By: | Bolotova, Yuliya |
| Keywords: | Marketing, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335471&r=agr |
| By: | Bigelow, Daniel |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335832&r=agr |
| By: | Karwowski, Nicole |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335462&r=agr |
| By: | Fiechter, Chad M. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335505&r=agr |
| By: | Liu, Jhih-Yun |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335779&r=agr |
| By: | Wu, Karin |
| Keywords: | Marketing, Agricultural Finance, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335852&r=agr |
| By: | Hockert, Matthew |
| Keywords: | Marketing, Agribusiness, Community/Rural/Urban Development |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335774&r=agr |
| By: | Le Gloux, Fanny; Ropars-Collet, Carole; Issanchou, Alice; Dupraz, Pierre |
| Abstract: | Designing incentives for agri-environmental public good provision with threshold effects calls for payment mechanisms favouring critical mass participation and continuity of commitments at the landscape scale. Studies show farmers are reluctant to collective requirements but favourable to a bonus rewarding collective action. We conducted a choice experiment to test the acceptability of a bonus in a hypothetical scheme for improving rivers’ water quality in France. We introduce a sponsorship bonus each time the farmer convinces a peer into entering the scheme that can be combined with a collective result bonus per hectare if the river reaches a higher step of the water quality scale. We consider the involvement of local financers could increase the willingness to pay beyond opportunity costs and income foregone, and propose higher levels of payment than agri-environmental schemes. Results suggests a sponsorship bonus on its own is cost-effective, and that preferences for the bonus levels are heterogeneous.. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2023–07–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:inrasl:337160&r=agr |
| By: | Aheeyar, Mohamed; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Bucatariu, C.; Reitemeier, Maren; Bandara, Ayomi; Thiel, Felix; Drechsel, Pay |
| Abstract: | This report explores and analyses the governance framework (i.e. policies, laws, and regulations) relevant to urban food waste (FW) prevention and reduction in the wholesale, retail, hospitality (restaurants, hotels), food services (schools, hospitals), and households in Sri Lanka. The project "Innovative approaches to reduce, recycle and reuse food waste in urban Sri Lanka" was implemented from June 2019 to August 2021 under the oversight of the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing and in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI). |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2023–06–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmirp:337118&r=agr |
| By: | Chrisendo, Daniel |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Production Economics, Community/Rural/Urban Development |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335489&r=agr |
| By: | El-Kersh, Mohamed; Atef, Mohamed; Ali, Alaa; Farghaly, Lobna; Abderabuh, Zainab; Abdelradi, Fadi; Abdou, Khaled; Abdelaziz, Ehab; Faris, Victor; Nasr, Saleh; Nassar, Yasmin; Nassar, Zaki; Raouf, Mariam; Wiebelt, Manfred |
| Abstract: | This policy note summarizes an evaluation of public investment options for Egypt’s agri-food system conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation of the Government of Egypt and Cairo University. We quantitatively assess the expected economy-wide impacts of investing in four promising agricultural value-chains: dates, poultry, olives, and medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP). As part of the analysis, a range of agriculture-related public investments along the value-chains are considered, including spending to expand farm production and promotion of downstream agri-processing and marketing. We use two IFPRI structural models. The Rural Investment and Policy Analysis (RIAPA) economywide model is used to capture linkages between economic sectors, households, and rural-urban economies and to measure changes in economic growth, household welfare, and employment within and beyond the agri-food system. RIAPA is linked to the Agricultural Investment and Data Analysis (AIDA), the second model, which tracks investment impacts and costs over time. Inter alia, we find that: Investments into each of the four agricultural value chains enhance growth, create additional employment opportunities, improve household welfare, and reduce poverty. The MAP and poultry value chains are the most promising value chains with regard to all four evaluation criteria. However growth generation is largest if investment is concentrated in the MAP value chain, while investment into the poultry value chain has the strongest impacts on job creation and poverty reduction. Investments into primary production and processing, besides having a strong direct impact on the value chain growth, generate significant indirect effects inside and outside the agrifood system. These indirect effects are largest for the MAP value chain. |
| Keywords: | EGYPT, ARAB COUNTRIES, MIDDLE EAST, NORTH AFRICA, AFRICA, dates, poultry, olives, medicinal plants, essential oil crops, value chains, public investment, economic impact, models, agrifood systems, poverty reduction, households |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:menapn:134986&r=agr |
| By: | Paik, SongYi |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Labor and Human Capital, Agricultural Finance |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335822&r=agr |
| By: | Ko, Minkyong |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development, Labor and Human Capital, Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335984&r=agr |
| By: | Wójcik-Czerniawska, Agnieszka |
| Abstract: | In terms of the economy, agriculture plays a significant role. In agriculture, automation has become a major concern and a hot topic around the world. Food and employment demand are rising as a result of a rapidly expanding population. Using the new methods, billions of people were able to meet their dietary needs while also gaining employment opportunities. Farming has undergone an enormous change thanks to artificial intelligence. Crop yields have been protected by this technology from a variety of threats, including climate change, population growth, labour shortages, and concerns about global food security. Weeding, spraying, and irrigation are just a few of the many uses for artificial intelligence in agriculture that this paper examines in detail, with the help of sensors and other tools built into machine and drones. Water, pesticide, herbicide, and soil fertility use, as well as labour use, are all reduced thanks to these new technologies, which boost output while also improving product quality. Robots and drones are being used for weeding in agriculture, and this paper compiles the findings of numerous researchers to give readers an overview of the current state of automation in agriculture. Soil water sensing techniques and two automated weeding methods are discussed. It is discussed in this paper how drones can be used for spraying and crop monitoring, as well as the various methods they can employ. |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2022–09–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:haaepa:337138&r=agr |
| By: | Irmelin Slettemoen Helgesen (Department of Economics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology); Anne Borge Johannesen (Department of Economics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology) |
| Abstract: | The Arctic is warming three times faster than the global average. Rising temperatures could reduce the snow-covered season and increase plant productivity in the spring, fall and summer. While this may increase carrying capacity and growth of semi-domesticated reindeer, rising temperatures could also lead to an increase the frequency of ice-locked pastures, negatively affecting reindeer body mass, survival and reproductive success. We create a stage-structured bioeconomic model of reindeer herding that incorporates two counteracting effects of climate change on reindeer growth, reproduction, and survival. The model is calibrated using historical data on reindeer numbers and slaughter weights, in combination with weather data. We find that one more day with ice-locked pastures has a greater negative impact than the benefit of earlier spring. Then the model is used to simulate the economic impact of three climate change scenarios, and four areas in Norway and Sweden. All areas experience an improvement in herding profits in the Paris Agreement scenario. In the BAU scenario, the impact of climate change is negative for all areas. We also find that the potential loss in pasture related to certain emission mitigating policies may be more detrimental to reindeer husbandry than climate change itself. |
| Keywords: | reindeer husbandry, climate change, commons, livestock, food limitation |
| JEL: | Q24 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–07–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nst:samfok:19723&r=agr |
| By: | Benjamin Ouvrard (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes); Arnaud Reynaud (TSE-R - Toulouse School of Economics - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - UT - Université de Toulouse - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Stéphane Cezera (TSE-R - Toulouse School of Economics - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - UT - Université de Toulouse - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Alban Thomas (UMR PSAE - Paris-Saclay Applied Economics - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, US ODR - Observatoire des Programmes Communautaires de Développement Rural - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Dishant Jojit James (Wyzsza Szkola Bankowa University); Murudaiah Shivamurthy (Department of Agricultural Extension, GKVK, UAS, Bangalore) |
| Abstract: | We use a framed-field experiment to analyze the preferences of Indian farmers regarding water sharing. Farmers play a dictator game (DG) behind the veil of ignorance in which a limited quantity of water has to be allocated between two farmers. We vary the equity/efficiency trade-off by introducing some heterogeneity between farmers' productivity and by considering an upstream/downstream spatial configuration. We first show that generosity in the DG is high (on average, respectively 44% and 47% of the total quantity of water or the total profit are left by the dictator). Only a small proportion of farmers act in the DG as selfish profit maximizers, a majority of them adopting efficient, egalitarian in payoff or egalitarian in quantity behaviors. We then show that it is possible to induce more efficient water allocation behaviors in the DG by modifying farmer's choice architecture. A loss framing induces farmers to share more efficiently the water resource, but only when the most productive farmer is located downstream. On the contrary, we find mild evidence that farmers choose less often the efficient solution with a gain framing. |
| Keywords: | Dictator Game, Framed-field experiment, Framing, Water sharing |
| Date: | 2023–07–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-04150233&r=agr |
| By: | Achmad Solikhin; Achmad Fachruddin; Baskoro Pakusadewo; Tegar Kurniawan; Venkatachalam Anbumozhi |
| Abstract: | Nanotechnology research within food and agriculture systems in Indonesia has been increasing. However, these nanotechnology studies remain narrowly focused on source exploration, isolation, characterization, and potential use and not enough on sustainability and safety aspects. Indonesia's small- and medium-scale enterprises have also commercialized nanoproducts for fertilizer, herbal medicine, and food supplements in limited volumes. These enterprises are affiliated with the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology Indonesia (BPPT)/National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) and/or universities through research-business incubation programs with government support. While the Government of Indonesia's masterplans and standards have mainstreamed nanotechnology, the key deliverables are primarily publications, patents, and intellectual property rights, giving little direction toward applying nanotechnology for commercial purposes (i.e., industrial products). Policies and legislation are yet to be enacted to regulate nanotechnology, although nanoproducts are already being commercialized. The challenges to applying nanotechnology in Indonesia's agrifood systems include high cost, difficulties in fabrication and characterization, low investment in research and development, lack of advanced technologies, and limited information on nanoproduct toxicology, safety, and risks. In addition, the safety (toxicity and risks) and sustainability of nanotechnology need further systematic study and guidance. |
| Keywords: | R&D, Indonesia, food and agriculture, nanotechnology |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sag:seadps:2023:566&r=agr |
| By: | Adeiza Bello, Muhammad; Olaniyi Adewumi, Mathew; Durojaiye Ayeni, Mathew; Oluwabukunmi Akinsola, Grace; Abiodun Ahmed, Ismail; Jamiu Dauda, Muhammed |
| Abstract: | Rabbit production is increasingly becoming a source of livelihood to many households in Nigeria. Unfortunately, a recent incidence of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease (RHD), which is a virulent and rapidly spreading disease of rabbits adversely affected the Nigerian rabbit industry and caused significant economic loss to farmers. Hence, this study assessed the coping strategies adopted by rabbit farmers as response to the RHD outbreak in the study area. A snowball sampling technique was adopted for selecting 120 affected rabbit farmers from whom data utilized for the study were collected using structured questionnaire. The obtained data were analysed using descriptive statistics to describe the rabbit farmers based on their socioeconomic characteristics and the different coping strategies adopted; and Multivariate Probit (MVP) Regression Model to determine the factors influencing the rabbit farmersˈ adoption of coping strategies. The result from the MVP analysis revealed that age of the farmer, size of household, membership of cooperative, extension contacts, amount of credit accessed, income per rabbit production cycle, and income from other sources significantly influenced rabbit farmersˈ adoption of coping strategies. It is, therefore, recommended that the farmers should join farming cooperatives so that they can have access to useful resources and relevant information that can help them cope with the risks involved in the business. In addition, extension education and outreach should be frequently provided to the rabbit farmers to avail them of advisory services that can help with mitigating the impact of the risks involved in the business. |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development, Financial Economics, Livestock Production/Industries, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2022–09–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:haaepa:337121&r=agr |
| By: | Xie, Hua; Ringler, Claudia |
| Abstract: | Ghana is home to 32 million people, 13 million of whom live in rural areas and work mostly in agriculture. Although substantial progress has been made, food insecurity still affects a large share of the population; during 2019–2021 more than one third of the population experienced moderate or severe food insecurity, and in 2020 14% of children below the age of five were stunted. |
| Keywords: | GHANA; WEST AFRICA; AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA; AFRICA; groundwater irrigation; irrigation; groundwater; solar powered irrigation systems; investment |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:prnote:136781&r=agr |
| By: | Kever Bruno Paradelo Gomes (Instituto Federal of Brasília); Cledinaldo Aparecido Dias (University Federal of Minas Gerais) |
| Abstract: | After a historic period of conventional cocoa bean production, southern Bahia has shown a strong trend towards diversification and inclusion in the special cocoa market. Producers in the region are cultivating fruits of superior quality and low environmental impact. Inserted in a production model based on the concept of sustainable business, these producers, agrifood entrepreneurs, seek to promote experiences to their consumers in their different alternative lifestyles, such as the philosophy of the Bean-to-bar production model. Elaborated as a theoretical essay, the development of this article aims to identify the contribution of the Bean-to-bar process in generating value in the cocoa production chain, inserted within a context of Short Circuits of Commercialization in the generation of innovative business. It is noted that a good monitoring of the entire process of transforming the input into a product allows entrepreneurs to explore with greater vigor the organoleptic properties of cocoa beans. Among the main initiatives that boosted the performance of the cocoa production chain in southern Bahia, Fortaleza Slow Food, the creation of the Cocoa Innovation Center and the Geographical Indication stand out. The strategies developed make it possible to diversify and foster rural communities. It is essential to understand the dynamics of these processes of local productive arrangements from the integration of public policies in the promotion, valuation of family farming products, sustainable cocoa beans with superior quality and local development. The search for recognition of the value attributed to cocoa products in the southern region of Bahia, from production (bean) to transformation into the final product (bar), intensifies the environmental perspective on the part of cocoa farmers. In this process, the sociocultural dimensions are present mainly in the cabucra production system, valuing and strengthening local family farming. The commercialization of almonds in the short chain segment enables business efficiency, giving space for increased profitability and reduced environmental impact. The frugal innovation model, oriented towards sustainability, becomes a path for the development of innovative businesses that generate value in the cocoa production chain. In this sense, for this topic to become solidified as a field of research that can bring relevant theoretical and practical contributions, it is suggested that new studies focus, among others, on business models that prioritize the cause and not simply the trends. |
| Keywords: | Agri-food chains. Entrepreneurship. Social business. Sustainability |
| JEL: | L26 Q01 Q19 |
| Date: | 2022–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iefpro:11615531&r=agr |
| By: | Baker, Derek |
| Abstract: | Despite the promise of substantial gains from digital transformation, its incidence remains low in the agri-food sector and the broader food system. Understanding of the transformation process is somewhat well developed, but not as it occurs on farms and in agri-food supply chains. Contemporary pressures on the agri-food sectors advocated for improvements in multiple facets of performance. Digital technologies are increasingly looked to as a means of performance improvement. Practical interpretation of the value proposition offered by digital technology to the agri-food sector has not been implemented as a generalisable decision tool. Sustainability, resilience, and natural cycles for material and energy are of increasing performance relevance but have not been analytically linked to agri-food’s digital transformation. Quantification of benefits and costs has not been widely attempted. The current paper presents an empirical study employing technology mapping to quantify costs and benefits of technological change in the agri-food system. It identifies Research and Development impetus for change by mapping research output to high value technologies for a selection of industries. Particular emphasis is given to production tasks amenable to digital adoption, and to the transformations generating subsequent value within and beyond the adopter’s enterprise. Decision tools are developed to guide investment by private, public and industry stakeholders, in response to forms and magnitudes of benefit and cost. This paper outlines the methodology used, preliminary results, and prototype decision tools. Conflicts arising between performance metrics are identified and solutions proposed. The implications for stakeholders of a more visible and quantifiable value proposition for digital transformation are discussed in the contexts of received opinion about the effects of digital agriculture and the current and strategic needs of firms, industry and society. |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2022–09–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:haaepa:337120&r=agr |
| By: | Roberto Balado-Naves (Oviedo Efficiency Group - University of Oviedo); Marian Garcia-Valiñas (Oviedo Efficiency Group - University of Oviedo); David Roibas (Oviedo Efficiency Group - University of Oviedo) |
| Abstract: | In the current context of pressure on available water resources, sustainable patterns of water consumption emerge as an important matter of concern. In this sense, efficient consumption is usually understood as the optimal usage of the available resources. Thus, we study households' efficiency levels by considering a stochastic frontier analysis of the demand for water services using a representative sample of a northern city in Spain. Besides, efficient consumption habits require a costly acquisition of accurate information, whether in terms of prices or the effective demand of a given resource. Thus, we also study the impact of several determinants on the efficiency levels of water demand, as in Hung et al. (2017). These range from the deviations between perceived and real prices to social characteristics such as the average age of households or their degree of environmental awareness. We find strong evidence in favor of higher efficiency levels among more informed households which also commit themselves to the environment. The relevance of this research to the current state of the empirical literature is twofold: first, it expands the number of scarce analyses on stochastic frontiers of residential water demand; second, it contributes to a better understanding of the importance of accurate information on optimal decisions of consumers. Moreover, we use a novel and exclusive database for a representative sample of households in the city of Gijón (Spain) between 2017 and 2021, where we combine real data on water prices and consumption with consumer perceptions obtained from a survey. |
| Date: | 2023–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-04147781&r=agr |
| By: | Nakatani, Ryota |
| Abstract: | Food insecurity has risen amid economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Food companies’ productivity dynamics can be driven by intangible assets, financing, economies of scale, lifecycle, and technological convergence. We confront this by studying productivity drivers for detailed food manufacturing industries using cross-country firm-level panel data. The results show that intangible assets nonlinearly and heterogeneously affect productivity growth, and countries with fewer product market regulations demonstrate higher productivity benefits from asset intangibility. Intangible assets do not play a major role for start-up companies, while technological convergence drives productivity growth as they learn new technology in the food markets. Regarding the industrial differences, the bakery sector benefits the most from asset intangibility because of its brand images. Financing is particularly important for the meat/fish and dairy sectors, where capital equipment is necessary, and leverage effects are larger for countries with more access to financial institutions. Economies of scale are a vital productivity enhancer in the grain and starch sector for lowering fixed costs. Industrial policies to (i) raise the quality of intangible assets, (ii) promote financial access, and (iii) utilize scale economies are critical for improving the productivity of food manufacturers. |
| Keywords: | productivity growth; food manufacturing; asset intangibility; start-up; technological convergence; financing; scale economies; agri-food; product market regulations: financial development; grain and starch sector; meat and fish sector; dairy sector; fruit and vegetable sector; bakery sector |
| JEL: | D24 G32 L66 O34 |
| Date: | 2023–07–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:117868&r=agr |
| By: | Choi, Jangho (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); Kim, Bum Hwan (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)) |
| Abstract: | Estimation of food supply and demand in North Korea follows the FAO/WFP calorie standard at least 1, 640 kcal per person per day. This method is useful in that it can estimate the minimum amount of food shortage for survival, but has a limitation in that it does not accurately reflect real life in that it ignores the food culture of North Korean residents. In this study, the amount of food supply and demand in North Korea was estimated by considering the food culture. The amount of food shortage was calculated by the difference between food consumption and supply. For food consumption, South Korea’s food supply and demand tables (1970 and 1990) and North Korean population were used to consider food culture. The amount of food supply considered North Korean food production, imports, and exports. As a result of the estimation, first, when the food shortage in North Korea in 2014 was estimated by reflecting South Korea’s food supply table in 1970, 2, 388.4 thousand tons were oversupplied, resulting in a food supply and demand rate of 1.26. Second, assuming that North Korea’s food culture changes similarly to that of South Korea in 1990 due to the spread of marketplaces or the unification of South and North Korea, total food consumption increased by 33.3%, and the food supply and demand rate fell from 1.26 to 0.95. The results of this study have two implications. First, it is possible that the cereals shortage estimated by FAO/WFP based on the minimum calorie required for survival was overestimated. Second, North Korea’s carbohydrate-oriented food aid does not take North Korea’s food culture into account, so it is necessary to increase support for fish, meat, fruits and vegetables. |
| Keywords: | North Korean economy; economic security; Analyzing DPRKs Food Supply and Demand Condition |
| JEL: | O13 P32 Q13 |
| Date: | 2022–12–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kiepwp:2022_003&r=agr |
| By: | Xie, Hua; Ringler, Claudia |
| Abstract: | Mali is home to 22 million people, 12 million of whom live in rural areas and work mostly in agriculture. Although remarkable progress has been made, food insecurity still affects a large share of the population; during 2019-2021, the prevalence of undernourishment in the population was 10%, and in 2020 26% of children below the age of five were stunted. |
| Keywords: | MALI; WEST AFRICA; AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA; AFRICA; groundwater irrigation; irrigation; groundwater; solar powered irrigation systems; investment |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:prnote:136778&r=agr |
| By: | Abay, Kibrom A.; Abate, Gashaw Tadesse; Chamberlin, Jordan; Kassim, Yumna; Spielman, David J.; Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul, Jr. |
| Abstract: | This policy note synthesizes the key messages and lessons from existing evidence and trends in the development, deployment and scale up of ICT-enabled marketing tools. It is based on the recently published discussion paper titled “Digital tools and agricultural market transformation in Africa: Why are they not at scale yet, and what will it take to get there†. Key messages • Many digital innovations have been developed and deployed in recent years in Africa, many of which have only been implemented at pilot stages, with limited evidence of successful scaling. • There remains significant marketing and institutional constraints hindering the development of some of these digital innovations, which may further explain disparate progress in countries. • Differential access to digital innovations across genders and different typologies of households may trigger alternative variants of digital divide. • Although the landscape of digital innovations in Africa offers several reasons to remain optimistic, the prevailing disconnect between pilots and scale-ups merits further evaluation. |
| Keywords: | AFRICA, AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA, CENTRAL AFRICA, EAST AFRICA, NORTH AFRICA, SOUTHERN AFRICA, WEST AFRICA, digital technology, innovation, agriculture, markets, digital divide, risk, Information and Communication Technologies, policies |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:menapn:135075&r=agr |
| By: | Clare A. Balboni; Aaron Berman; Robin Burgess; Benjamin A. Olken |
| Abstract: | Two factors have elevated recent academic and policy interest in tropical deforestation: first, the realization that it is a major contributor to climate change; and second, a revolution in satellite-based measurement that has revealed that it is proceeding at a rapid rate. We begin by reviewing the methodological advances that have enabled measurement of forest loss at a fine spatial resolution across the globe. We then develop a simple benchmark model of deforestation based on classic models of natural resource extraction. Extending this approach to incorporate features that characterize deforestation in developing countries---pressure for land use change, significant local and global externalities, weak property rights, and political economy constraints---provides us with a framework for reviewing the fast-growing empirical literature on the economics of deforestation in the tropics. This combination of theory and empirics provides insights not only into the economic drivers and impacts of tropical deforestation but also into policies that may affect its progression. We conclude by identifying areas where more work is needed in this important body of research. |
| JEL: | O13 Q23 |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31410&r=agr |
| By: | O'Brien, G.; Dickens, Chris; Stassen, R.; Erasmus, H.; Herselman, S.; van der Waal, B.; Wepener, V.; Pearson, H.; LeRoux, H.; Villholth, Karen; Ebrahim, Girma; Magombeyi, Manuel; Riddell, E.; Petersen, R. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2022–12–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmirp:337113&r=agr |
| By: | Gong, Aolin; Mieno, Taro; Bullock, David S. |
| Abstract: | Alternative derivatives of the original yield-goal based recommendations have been employed by researchers, outreach personnel, and private-sector crop management consultants to direct farmers. Current research indicates, however, that the original yield-goal-based method used scant data, questionable data omissions, and flawed statistical analysis. Maximum Return to Nitrogen (MRTN) recommendation is the first publicly available nitrogen recommendation tool to consider economic outcome when recommending nitrogen application rate. However, MRTN adoption is low; farmers may still be following retailer recommendations or prior experience, in part because the nitrogen application rate suggested by the MRTN system is relatively low. This study aims to determine the efficiency of the MRTN recommendations in directing nitrogen application rates in the corn belt. Between 2016 and 2021, forty-two on-farm precision experiments were conducted in Illinois and Ohio to determine the ex-post economically optimal nitrogen rate (EONR), which are used here to evaluate MRTN rates. MRTN rates are compared to the current rates of farmers to determine which achieves relatively high profit margins. Findings suggest that MRTN recommendations can be excessively high or inadequately low across fields in the same region and during the same year. Additionally, grower chosen rates performed better than MRTN on some fields in some regions. Thus, adopting the MRTN recommendation appears riskier than developers claimed. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2022–09–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:haaepa:337140&r=agr |
| By: | Branca, Giacomo; Chileshe, Paxina |
| Abstract: | The achievement of the goal of zero hunger by 2030 can be facilitated through green growth investments in the agriculture, forestry and land use (AFOLU) sector. Significant levels of finance are needed to support countries to implement such strategies and fulfil the commitments made in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), and private finance remains a key source. This report is a useful guide to shape investments by IFAD, and other international donors, in climate change mitigation actions in the East and Southern Africa (ESA) region. We quantify the ESA countries’ mitigation commitments with a focus on the AFOLU sector and introduce cost-effectiveness criteria to evaluate such capacity, also in view of attracting private financing. Our results show that most emissions in the region come from the energy sector, followed by AFOLU. Full implementation of conditional and unconditional mitigation targets set forth in the NDCs would limit the increase in regional net emissions to about 20 per cent above the baseline. We argue that mitigation investments can be prioritized to enhance the efficiency of available financing (economy of scope), maximize the mitigation results (economy of scale) and create synergies with economic development needs. However, trade-offs exist from the perspective of social equity and economic development goals. In its 12th replenishment cycle, IFAD has increased its focus on mitigation. In line with this, we find that investment in AFOLU is a profitable way to invest in climate change mitigation, being more competitive than energy and other sectors in attracting mitigation finance. Investing in mitigation through AFOLU is certainly more feasible given the increasing prices recorded in the carbon market. Revenues from this market may provide the necessary resources to fill the funding gap and drive a competitive restructure of the AFOLU sector to help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Prioritizing low-income countries would minimize the trade-offs and enhance the synergies between mitigation and economic development, therefore supporting socio-economic growth. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2023–07–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:unadrs:337206&r=agr |
| By: | Nortje, Karen; Joshi, Deepa; Enokenwa Baa, Ojongetakah; Mapedza, Everisto; Davis, K. |
| Abstract: | A Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) approach is fundamental to agribusiness transformation in the Eastern and Southern Africa region. Work package 5 aims to bring about inclusive and scalable agribusiness innovations through targeted GESI support to UU ESA work packages 1-6. To achieve this, we produced this GESI framework on social, economic, political, and institutional barriers and opportunities to more inclusive agribusiness in the ESA region. This framework will ensure that planned interventions under UU are designed and implemented to empower more women and youth as farmers, agribusiness owners, and actors with voice and visibility across agribusiness value chains. The GESI framework was produced by reviewing relevant literature and talking to agribusiness stakeholders, especially women and youth, in four initial countries: Ethiopia, Kenya, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development, Political Economy, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2023–03–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmirp:337117&r=agr |
| By: | Angulo, Juan C. |
| Keywords: | International Development, International Relations/Trade, Research Methods/Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335896&r=agr |
| By: | Abay, Kibrom A.; Abdelradi, Fadi; Kassim, Yumna; Guo, Zhe |
| Abstract: | This policy note showcases two examples on how remote sensing data can be used for monitoring agricultural production and economic activities. The first case aims to generate granular data on agricultural production, which remain scarce in Egypt and the MENA region. The second case demonstrates the potential of remote sensing data to monitor economic activities during the COVID19 pandemic. Based on these data and together with other recent findings, we provide the following recommendations to facilitate post-COVID-19 recovery in Egypt: - Targeting of stimulus and recovery packages based on the economic repercussions experienced across geographies and sectors - Identifying and supporting promising value chains which experienced a significant slowdown in economic activities - Diversifying economic activities and markets to improve the resilience of agri-food systems. - Investment in data infrastructure to monitor and respond to future shocks. This may be supported by scale up of digital solutions, which proved to be effective in sustaining business activities even during the pandemic. |
| Keywords: | EGYPT, ARAB COUNTRIES, MIDDLE EAST, NORTH AFRICA, AFRICA, agricultural production, remote sensing, monitoring, economic activities, Coronavirus, coronavirus disease, Coronavirinae, COVID-19, investment, spatial distribution |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:menapn:135067&r=agr |
| By: | Rachel Glennerster; Seema Jayachandran |
| Abstract: | Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are a global public good, which makes it efficient to act globally when addressing this challenge. We lay out several reasons that high-income countries seeking to mitigate climate change might have greater impact if they invest their resources in opportunities in low- and middle-income countries. Specifically, some of the easiest and cheapest options have already been tapped in high-income countries, land and labor costs are lower in low- and middle-income countries, it is cheaper to build green than to retrofit green, and global targeting matters in integrated economies. We also discuss economic counterarguments such as the challenge of monitoring emissions levels in low- and middle-income countries, ethical considerations, the importance of not double-counting mitigation funding as development aid, and policy steps that might help to realize this opportunity. |
| JEL: | F18 O13 Q54 Q56 |
| Date: | 2023–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31421&r=agr |
| By: | David Wuepper; Haoyu Wang; Wolfram Schlenker; Meha Jain; Robert Finger |
| Abstract: | We estimate annual discontinuities in remotely-sensed crop yields at all international land borders and link them to changes in the economic freedom index by the Fraser Institute, a country-level measure of institutional quality. Each point of the ten-point index increases the discontinuity by 2.2% over the next five years, highlighting that institutional reforms have the potential to close some of the observed crop yield gap. Three subcategories are consistently significant: credit market regulation, inflation, and the top marginal tax rate. We present suggestive evidence that higher average yields are achieved through increased use of irrigation and mechanization. Yield variability remains unchanged, and reforms lead to cropland expansion through deforestation. |
| JEL: | O13 Q1 |
| Date: | 2023–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31426&r=agr |
| By: | Adrian Fernandez-Perez (AUT - Auckland University of Technology); Joëlle Miffre (Audencia Business School); Tilman Schoen (Mars Food); Ayesha Scott (AUT - Auckland University of Technology) |
| Abstract: | This paper contributes to the price discovery literature by establishing, for the first time, the role of commodity spot market auction data. Using the New Zealand whole milk powder market as an example, we show that auction-level data explain the price discovery dynamics above and beyond determinants previously identified as being relevant to spot and futures market price formation. In particular, the price discovery of the futures market rises with the volume of dairy products traded at the auction, signaling that the volume auctioned induces a change in the trading strategies of futures market participants. The whole milk powder discovery process is found to primarily take place in the spot market, which aligns well with the auction predating the introduction of the futures market, its higher volume, and lower trading costs. |
| Keywords: | Price discovery, Auction data, Dairy products, Spot and futures markets |
| Date: | 2023–09–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04121327&r=agr |
| By: | Paudel, Ujjwol |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Productivity Analysis, Research Methods/Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:336009&r=agr |
| By: | Sulistyaningtyas, Yuliana |
| Abstract: | PDAM is a regional drinking water company managed directly by the local government. Before PDAM clean water, residents of Ampelgading Village still used well water for bathing, cooking, washing, and drinking water by boiling it first. Because healthy water only sometimes produces water, especially during the dry season, the Ampelgading Village government does not remain silent; the Ampelgading Village government advises all residents to use PDAM clean water. However, not all residents immediately agree with the advice given by the local government because not all residents can afford to pay for PDAM clean water; the government provides PDAM clean water assistance to its citizens at a low price, and in the end, all residents want to use PDAM clean water for bathing, washing, etc., there is also innovation in the PDAM clean water payment system to make it easier for the community. This study aims to discover the innovation division from using healthy water to developing using PDAM clean water using a qualitative method using a descriptive approach. Retrieval of data in this study using interviews, observation, and documentation. |
| Date: | 2023–06–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:wsvdr&r=agr |
| By: | Reichhardt, Tasha |
| Abstract: | There is currently little research about the economic outcomes for tribes that settle their water rights with the United States. To address this gap, I conduct a benefit-cost analysis on the Crow Reservation’s Municipal, Rural, and Industrial System funded by the Crow Tribe Water Rights Settlement Act of 2010. This project is designed to revitalize the existing community water systems on Crow Reservation and provide community water access to over half of the reservation's residents that otherwise rely on wells, springs, or hauling water. I also discuss the implications this may have for tribes unable or ineligible to settle water rights. Based on the baseline scenario of the cost-benefit model, the benefits of this system accumulate to $413 million (95% CI $339 million - $508 million) at a 3 percent discount rate, $1, 464 (95% CI $1, 261 million - $1, 776 million) at a 0.1 percent discount rate, and $153 million (95% CI $115 million - $194 million) at a 7 percent discount rate. Costs accumulate to $320 million at a 3 percent discount rate, $632 million at a 0.1 percent discount rate, and $196 million at a 7 percent discount rate. The respective benefit-cost ratio for each discount rate is 1.29, 2.31, and 0.78. |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:umapug:337207&r=agr |
| By: | Tonsor, Glynn T. |
| Keywords: | Marketing, Research Methods/Statistical Methods, Institutional and Behavioral Economics |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335901&r=agr |
| By: | Wu, Kelly Yuexuan |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, International Development |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea22:335930&r=agr |
| By: | MA Xinxin; KOMATSU Sho |
| Abstract: | Information and communications technology (ICT) is rapidly developing worldwide. Some studies argue that ICT increases income inequality in developed countries; however, evidence on the relationship between progress in ICT and income inequality in developing countries is scarce. Using an original cross-county panel data from 2011 to 2018, we investigated the impact of e-commerce development on income inequality in rural China while considering endogeneity issues. We found that the effect of e-commerce on income inequality differed by region: e-commerce development could expand income inequality in developed counties, while reducing it in less-developed ones; the total effect of e-commerce on the income inequality was insignificant. Additionally, this effect was greater in counties with a higher level of agricultural modernization. Furthermore, the decomposition results indicated that differences in e-commerce accessibility and income return of e-commerce usage contributed to widening the income inequality between developed and less-developed rural counties. |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:23044&r=agr |
| By: | Sylvain Leduc; Daniel J. Wilson |
| Abstract: | This paper examines how the spatial distribution of people and jobs in the United States has been and will be impacted by climate change. Using novel county-level weather data from 1951 to 2020, we estimate the longer-run effects of weather on local population, employment, wages, and house prices using a panel distributed lag model. The historical results point to long-lasting negative effects of extreme temperatures on each of these outcomes. We highlight that a long lag structure is necessary to appropriately capture the longer-run effects of climate change, as short-run effects are often small and imprecisely estimated. Using county-level weather projections based on alternative greenhouse gas emissions scenarios, we use the estimated models to project the spatial distribution of these local economic outcomes out to 2050. The results point to substantial reallocations of people and jobs across the country over the next three decades, with mobility increasing by between 33 and 100 percent depending on the scenario. Population and employment are projected to shift away from the Sunbelt and toward the North and Mountain West. We document that this would, in fact, be a continuation of a historical pattern: Over the past four decades the relationship between population growth and hot climates across the United States has turned from strongly positive to slightly negative. We present a spatial equilibrium model to interpret the results, highlighting the impacts of climate change on amenities and productivity, and find significant roles for both channels in accounting for our empirical findings. |
| Keywords: | climate change; economy; panel data |
| Date: | 2023–07–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedfwp:96489&r=agr |
| By: | O'Brien, G.; Dickens, Chris; Wade, M.; Stassen, R.; Wepener, V.; Diedericks, G.; MacKenzie, J.; Kaiser, A.; van der Waal, B.; Villholth, Karen; Ebrahim, Girma; Dlamini, V.; Magombeyi, Manuel |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Environmental Economics and Policy, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2022–12–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmirp:337116&r=agr |
| By: | Fihurska, Liudmyla; Iegorov, Bogdan |
| Abstract: | The study shows the information about the development of the aquaculture sector in Ukraine. The leaders in the cultivation of marketable products in aquaculture in 2021 were Sumy, Cherkasy, Vinnitsa, Kirovohrad, Zhytomyr and Kyiv regions. Cyprinid fish species remain traditional objects of aquaculture: carp, white and bighead carp, their hybrids and grass carp. However, other species have recently been actively cultivated: rainbow trout, European catfish, pike, catfish, crucian carp, tench, and among sturgeons the most common are sterlet, Russian sturgeon, stellate sturgeon, beluga, bester, paddlefish, etc. The market of fish feed production is the following: 50% - for carp, 23%- sturgeons, 10% - catfish, 10% - salmon and 7% - other fish species. 42 % of aquaculture farms use compound feeds (local or foreign), 17 % - produce feeds themselves, 8 % - use grain (majority for carp feeding), 33 % - use grain by products and oil cakes as fish feed ingredients. But the trend towards the gradual transition of many Ukrainian producers to intensive forms of aquaculture with the use of modern compound feed is becoming noticeable. Compound feeds for fish are being improved, adapted to new climatic conditions and fish breeds, and the field of feed sales is also developing. An important slogan of aquaculture: quality feed is the key to a successful business in aquaculture. |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Productivity Analysis, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2022–09–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:haaepa:337139&r=agr |
| By: | Lisette Ibanez (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Sébastien Roussel (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier) |
| Abstract: | We analyze whether exposure to a nature documentary increases pro-environmental behavior (PEB). We test this causal link in an experiment where subjects viewed a video featuring either an urban (control treatment) or a nature setting (nature treatment). We consider two types of behavior: a monetary donation to an environmental non-governmental organization (ENGO) that we call an eco-donation, and subsequently, a non-monetary decision (i.e., recycle or not recycle headphone protectors) that we call an eco-action. We find that virtual exposure to nature boosts both eco-donation and eco-action. Interestingly, the increase in PEB only occurs for individuals who express low environmental values. We did not find any negative or positive spillover effects on the eco-action. We finally provide robustness checks and discuss policy implications. |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03847453&r=agr |
| By: | Kabir Dasgupta; Alexander Plum |
| Abstract: | To meet the rising need for food and nutrition assistance during the pandemic in the United States, all states were approved to provide Emergency Allotments (EA) to households enrolled in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). In this analysis, we use the Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Surveys and exploit staggered state-level variation in dissolution of the SNAP EA payments to study whether the end of EA is associated with food-related challenges and economic hardships. Our findings indicate that EA termination is followed by a decrease in the likelihood that adult survey respondents had sufficient food for consumption and an increase in the probability of experiencing difficulty in paying meeting with usual household expenses. These findings provide policy-relevant insights into the potential impact of the nationwide termination of the EA payments that came into effect in early 2023. |
| Keywords: | SNAP; Emergency Allotments; Pandemic; Staggered difference-in-differences |
| JEL: | I10 I18 I31 J10 |
| Date: | 2023–07–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2023-46&r=agr |
| By: | Mustaqim, Dede Al; Fazriani, Dini |
| Abstract: | In the business world, companies must understand the importance of halal certification in influencing consumer perceptions and trust in their brands. Consumers tend to trust and feel comfortable using products or services that have halal certification, because they believe that the product meets strict halal requirements. This study aims to examine the effect of halal certification on consumer trust and brand loyalty. Halal certification is a label that guarantees that a product or service meets the halal standards set by religious authorities. Consumer trust and brand loyalty are important factors in building long-term relationships between consumers and brands. This study uses a library research approach. The results of this study are expected to provide a better understanding of the effect of halal certification on consumer trust and brand loyalty. The practical implications of this research can assist companies in developing more effective marketing strategies for halal products or services. |
| Date: | 2023–07–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:9d3jg&r=agr |
| By: | Damien Dussaux; Alberto Agnelli; Nordine Es-Sadki |
| Abstract: | Several efforts have been made to track progress on environmental innovations using very different approaches. However, many lack coverage, granularity, timeliness and may involve high data collection costs, especially when conducted on a large scale. Traditional indicators also overlook commercialised innovation and breakthrough innovation. This issue is particularly relevant for environmental innovation, where scaling-up is considered key to address the climate, biodiversity and pollution crises. The paper reviews potential metrics to measure commercialised climate change-related innovation and to measure breakthrough environmental innovation. By comparing advantages and drawbacks of various options, the paper selects two families of metrics to measure commercialised climate change-related innovation: one based on patent assignments and the other one based on licensing agreements. For breakthrough environmental innovation, the paper concludes that a family of metrics based on venture capital data is currently the most promising option to pursue. The paper then develops the selected new metrics and provides trends in environmental innovation over time, across sectors and when possible across countries. The paper concludes that additional data sources should be explored to extend the application of the proposed new metrics in more countries and consider a more comprehensive set of supports to innovation. |
| Keywords: | assignment, breakthrough innovation, green innovation, innovation metrics, licensing, patent, transfer, venture capital |
| JEL: | O31 Q55 |
| Date: | 2023–07–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:envaaa:221-en&r=agr |
| By: | Cropper, Maureen L. (Resources for the Future); Joiner, Emily (Resources for the Future); Krupnick, Alan (Resources for the Future) |
| Abstract: | The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) bases its estimate of the value of statistical life (VSL) on 17 hedonic wage studies and five contingent valuation studies conducted between 1974 and 1991. We summarize advances in the mortality risk valuation literature since these papers were published, focusing on studies that value risks to adults and were conducted in the United States. We review hedonic wage, other revealed preference, and stated preference studies, identifying papers that satisfy appropriate validity criteria. We conclude that the recent literature is sufficiently rich to permit a revision of EPA’s baseline estimate. Importantly, VSL estimates from both the averting behavior and stated preference studies we review reflect the preferences of a wider range of demographic groups than the current VSL, and newer studies better target causes of death relevant to EPA regulations. |
| Date: | 2023–07–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-23-30&r=agr |