|
on Agricultural Economics |
|
Issue of 2023‒02‒20
37 papers chosen by |
| By: | Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr.; Abay, Kibrom A. |
| Abstract: | The participation of smallholder farmers in high-value and profitable value chains as well as contract farming remains low in Africa. This paper aims to identify observable and unobservable constraints that explain joint participation in profitable value chains and contract farming. We use a multivariate probit model to estimate potential complementarities between the cultivation of these various value chains (vegetables, fruits, spices, herbs, and cereals), and participation in contract farming. We identify several important observable factors that reinforce and hence limit smallholders’ participation in both low and highvalue chains as well as contract farming. For example, we find suggestive evidence that mallholders in Egypt face a trade-off between ensuring food security to their households and maximizing profit, and land plays a major factor in moderating this trade-off. We find that farmers with limited land resources are more likely to devote a larger share of their land to low-value crops such as cereals while this pattern weakens with increasing land size and slightly reverses for high-value crops such as spices and herbs. This suggests until some level of land resources, food security goals may dominate profit motives while this reverses after ensuring that food security goals are achieved. Younger and wealthier farmers are more likely to participate in the cultivation of high-value crops such as spices and herbs as well as contract farming. We also document strong complementarities between participation in high-value value chains and contract farming. Particularly, farmers who cultivate high-value crops are more likely to be engaged in contract farming. Intuitively, this implies that addressing smallholders’ binding constraints, including risk and access to land, can encourage participation in profitable value chains and contract farming. Our findings offer suggestive evidence that may serve in targeting smallholders to join profitable value chains in Egypt and other comparable contexts. |
| Keywords: | EGYPT; ARAB COUNTRIES; MIDDLE EAST; NORTH AFRICA; AFRICA; agricultural value chains; cereals; contract farming; farmers; food security; fruits; herbaceous plants; land access; probit analysis; smallholders; spices; vegetables high-value value chains; low-value crops |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:menawp:42&r=agr |
| By: | Theriault, Veronique; Kirimi, Lilian; Wineman, Ayala; Kinyumu, Ephiphania; Tschirley, David |
| Abstract: | Achieving food security is a continuing challenge worldwide. The combination of climate change, violent conflicts, and other crises (e.g., Covid-19 pandemic and high inflation) has exacerbated food insecurity by disrupting food production and access to food. According to the most recent estimates, about 3.1 billion people cannot afford a healthy diet (FAO et al. 2022). This implies that two-fifths of the population is food insecure, with a concentration in the low-income countries of Asia and Africa. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2022–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:miprrp:330121&r=agr |
| By: | Nchare, Karim; Vitouley, Marcel; Kaila, Heidi; Liu, Yanyan |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a new framework to measure farm-level heterogeneity, and productivity change, and to study the rate and direction of technical change within an agricultural sector. Building on the seminal works of Hildenbrand (1981) and Dosi et al. (2016), we show how, while relaxing most of the standard assumptions from production theory, discrete geometry is an effective tool for productivity analysis and technical change in agricultural economics. We apply the framework to a rich panel data from maize farmers in Tanzania to investigate the dynamics of technical heterogeneity and agricultural productivity growth. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:miprrp:330119&r=agr |
| By: | Vos, Rob; Martin, Will; Resnick, Danielle |
| Abstract: | Agricultural support policies cost more than US$800 billion per year in transfers to the farm sector worldwide. Support policies based on subsidies and trade barriers are highly distortive to markets and are also regressive as most support is provided to larger farmers. On balance, the incentives this support creates appear to increase greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change. In addition, some subsidies undermine the production of more nutrient-dense commodities that are otherwise critical for the improvement of dietary outcomes. This paper first highlights that better outcomes could be achieved if even a small portion of agricultural subsidies were repurposed into investments in research and development (R&D) dedicated to productivity-enhancing and emission-reducing technologies. This would create multiple wins — mitigating global climate change, reducing poverty, increasing food security, and improving nutrition. Nonetheless, the political economy challenges to doing so are sizeable. Because current support policies are often politically popular and serve well-organized interests, reform is difficult without committed political leadership and multilateral collaboration. Using several case studies of both successful and failed changes of agricultural support policies in China, India, and the EU and the United States, we highlight lessons learned about the political economy constraints on and possibilities for reform. |
| Keywords: | CHINA; EAST ASIA; ASIA; INDIA; SOUTH ASIA; EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES; UNITED STATES; USA; NORTH AMERICA; AMERICAS; agriculture; agricultural policies; climate change; commodities; farmers; food security; greenhouse gas emissions; markets; market disruptions; nutrition; political systems; subsidies; trade barriers; economic reform; emission-reducing technologies |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:2163&r=agr |
| By: | Vincent Chatellier (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | The diversity of agriculture and rural societies seems to be an old and observable fact throughout the world. However, recent developments have opposed this diversity with transformations that tend to standardize the countryside and agricultural systems. These transformations are manifested in a variety of ways, from the concentration of farms to new forms of capital control or integration into more or less extensive or even globalized economic networks. |
| Abstract: | La diversité des agricultures et des sociétés rurales semble une évidence ancienne et observable dans le monde entier Pourtant les évolutions récentes opposent à cette diversité des transformations qui tendent à une uniformisation des campagnes et des systèmes agricoles. Ces transformations se manifestent très diversement de la concentration des exploitations à de nouvelles formes de contrôle des capitaux ou à l'intégration à des réseaux économiques plus ou moins étendus voire mondialisés. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural diversity, Agricultural production, Rural transformations, Capitalistic agriculture, Diversité de l’agriculture, Production agricole, Transformations rurales, Agriculture capitalistique |
| Date: | 2022–02–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03938372&r=agr |
| By: | Leight, Jessica; Alderman, Harold; Gilligan, Daniel O.; Hidrobo, Melissa; Mulford, Michael; Nemera, Ayantu |
| Abstract: | Since its inception in 2005, the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) has been a cornerstone of the Ethiopian government’s strategy for poverty alleviation, disaster risk management, and rural development. The PSNP provides food or cash transfers targeted to poor households in the form of payments for seasonal labor on public works or as direct support to households. It has played an important role in improving the lives of poor Ethiopian households by reducing household food insecurity, increasing asset holdings, and improving agricultural productivity (Berhane et al. 2014; Hoddinott et al. 2012). |
| Keywords: | ETHIOPIA, EAST AFRICA, AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA, AFRICA, secondary education, education, qualitative analysis, financial situation, girls education, gender, school enrollment, value of education, school quality |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:spirlb:6&r=agr |
| By: | Amare, Mulubrhan; Parvathi, Priyanka; Nguyen, Trung Thanh |
| Abstract: | Most studies of agricultural transformation document the impact of agricultural income growth on macroeconomic indicators of development. Much less is known about the micro-scale changes within the farming sector that signal a transformation precipitated by agricultural income growth. This study provides a comparative analysis of the patterns of micro-level changes that occur among small-holder farmers in Uganda and Malawi in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and Thailand and Vietnam in Southeast Asia (SEA). Our analysis provides several important insights on agricultural transformation in these two regions. First, agricultural income in all examined countries is vulnerable to changes in precipitation and temperature, an effect that is nonlinear and asymmetric. SSA countries are more vulnerable to these weather changes. Second, exogenous increases in agricultural income in previous years improve non-farm income and trigger a change in labor allocation within the rural sector in SEA. However, this is opposite in SSA where the increase in agricultural income reduces non-farm income, indicating a substitution effect between farm and non-farm sectors. These findings reveal clear agricultural transformation driven by agricultural income in SEA, but no similar evidence in SSA. |
| Keywords: | UGANDA; EAST AFRICA; AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA; AFRICA; MALAWI; SOUTHERN AFRICA; AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA; AFRICA; THAILAND; VIET NAM; VIETNAM; SOUTH EAST ASIA; ASIA; agricultural transformation; comparative analysis; data; data analysis; development; farm income; farmers; income; macroeconomics; patterns; precipitation; smallholders; temperature; vulnerability; micro-level changes |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:2165&r=agr |
| By: | Leight, Jessica; Alderman, Harold; Gilligan, Daniel O.; Hidrobo, Melissa; Mulford, Michael; Tadesse, Elazar |
| Abstract: | Since its inception in 2005, the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) has been a cornerstone of the Ethiopian government’s strategy for poverty alleviation, disaster risk management, and rural development. The PSNP provides food or cash transfers targeted to poor households in the form of payments for seasonal labor on public works or as direct support to households. It has played an important role in improving the lives of poor Ethiopian households by reducing household food insecurity, increasing asset holdings, and improving agricultural productivity (Berhane et al. 2014; Hoddinott et al. 2017). |
| Keywords: | ETHIOPIA, EAST AFRICA, AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA, AFRICA, health workers, feeding, supplementary feeding, qualitative analysis, children, households, health care |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:spirlb:7&r=agr |
| By: | Tiphaine Guillet (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Lauriane Mouysset (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | The study aims at reconciling contrasting productive and environmental goals of agricultural policies at a given budget in the context of climate change. Based on a quantitative bioeconomic model integrating interdependencies between agricultural systems and agroecosystems, we compare the impacts of 4 contrasted public policy scenarios based either on productive (food or energy) or environmental goals (pollution reduction or ecosystem state) on a set of 18 bioeconomic indicators. We run the policy scenarios under two contrasted climate change scenarios to investigate their robustness. We confirm that it is possible to achieve productive and environmental goals with the ongoing budget of European agricultural policy. Synergies between productive and environmental performances exist even if they are not trivial nor systematic. More precisely, an agricultural public policy which focuses on energy production might offer a good compromise regarding the different facets of agricultural landscapes. The Pollution scenario constitutes a credible environmentally oriented alternative even if it remains slightly less competitive regarding both ecological and economic sides than an energyoriented policy. Eventually, our analysis shows that our conclusions are robust to climate change, suggesting that adequate agricultural public policies might attenuate climate change effects when considering intermediary climate change scenarios. |
| Keywords: | land-use change, ecosystem service, bioeconomic model, public policy scenario, Europe, terrestrial biodiversity, socioecological system, climate change |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03919917&r=agr |
| By: | Kene Boun My (BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - AgroParisTech - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Phu Nguyen-Van (EconomiX - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Thang Long University); Thi Kim Cuong Pham (EconomiX - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Anne Stenger (BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - AgroParisTech - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Tuyen Tiet (BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - AgroParisTech - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Nguyen To-The (Thang Long University, VNU - Vietnam National University [Hanoï]) |
| Abstract: | This study examines factors determining farmers' investment in organic farming using a contextualized lab-in-the-field experiment with 220 small household farmers in Northern Vietnam. We focus on the role of network structure, information nudge, and social comparison between farmers using three types of networks: circle, star and complete. Our results suggest that, on average, around 64% of the land is invested in organic farming in the complete network in which each farmer is connected to all of the others, while only about 57% of the land is invested in the circle and star network. Moreover, social comparison (i.e., information about the average investment) performs better in a circle network than in a star network. Finally, information nudges about the socially optimal investment could encourage farmers' coordination in all three networks, particularly in the complete network with an increase in organic investment up to 76%. |
| Keywords: | Lab-in-the-field, Network, Nudge, Organic agriculture, Small household farmers, Social comparison. |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03781161&r=agr |
| By: | Tuan Nguyen-Anh; Chinh Hoang-Duc; Tuyen Tiet; Phu Nguyen-Van (EconomiX - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Nguyen To-The |
| Date: | 2022–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03927534&r=agr |
| By: | Vincent Chatellier (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Thierry Pouch (URCA - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne) |
| Abstract: | World trade in agricultural and agri-food products has been growing steadily for several decades under the influence of increasing food demand, particularly in Asia and Africa, and an unequal territorial distribution of agronomic and productive potential. With a trade balance in agricultural and agri-food products of 46 billion euros in 2021, which has improved compared to the period before the Covid-19 health crisis, the European Union (EU-27) has become a major player in this trade. Using information from two databases (Baci and Comext), this article presents an analysis of the main trade dynamics observed in this sector over a 20-year period (2000 to 2021). |
| Abstract: | Le commerce mondial des produits agricoles et agroalimentaires connait un développement soutenu depuis plusieurs décennies sous l'influence d'une demande alimentaire en croissance, notamment en Asie et en Afrique, et d'une répartition territoriale inégale des potentiels agronomiques et productifs. Avec un solde commercial en produits agricoles et agroalimentaires de 46 milliards d'euros en 2021, de surcroît en amélioration par rapport à la période antérieure à la crise sanitaire de la Covid-19, l'Union européenne (UE-27) est devenue un acteur majeur de ce commerce. En utilisant les informations issues de deux bases de données (Baci et Comext), cet article présente une analyse des principales dynamiques commerciales observées dans ce secteur sur une période de 20 ans (2000 à 2021). |
| Keywords: | Agri-food trade, Competitiveness, European Union, France, Commerce agroalimentaire, Compétitivité, Union européenne |
| Date: | 2022–12–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03937867&r=agr |
| By: | Mbowa, Swaibu; Guloba, Madina; Mwesigye, Francis; Nakazi, Florence; Mather, David; Bryan, Elizabeth; Ogwang, Ambrose; Atwine, Blessing |
| Abstract: | In particular, the findings point to the need for the constitution of the Sugar Board, as recommended by The Sugar Act, 2020, to provide the public governance needed to improve coordination between millers and out-growers, oversee a fair and transparent process for determining cane prices over time, address new realities in the cane sector, and support the sustainable participation of outgrower farmers in sugarcane production in Uganda. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2022–09–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:miprpb:330118&r=agr |
| By: | Vincent Chatellier (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Christophe Perrot (IDELE - Institut de l'élevage) |
| Abstract: | Using statistical data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), this paper proposes an analysis focused on the income of French cow's milk producers. Based on a multi-year average of 11 years (2010 to 2020), the first part shows that the family farm income per non-salaried agricultural work unit of dairy farms (25, 100 euros on a national average in constant 2020 currency) is 15% lower than the average for all farms; it also emphasizes that the dispersion of this indicator is lower in dairy production than in other farming types. Using three economic criteria, the second part proposes a typology that divides dairy farms into eight economic performance classes. The third part highlights that recent years are characterized compared to the early 2000s, by a greater spread of income distribution on French dairy farms. It then discusses the key factors that explain income variability, focusing in particular on the cost of the feeding system and the question of possible economies of scale. The conclusion offers a short reflection on recent trends in the French dairy production sector. |
| Abstract: | Moyennant une valorisation des données statistiques du Réseau d'Information Comptable Agricole (RICA), cette communication propose une analyse centrée sur la question des revenus des producteurs français de lait de vache. En se basant sur une moyenne pluriannuelle de 11 ans (2010 à 2020), la première partie montre que le résultat courant avant impôt (RCAI) par unité de travail agricole non salariée (UTANS) des exploitations laitières (25 100 euros en moyenne nationale en monnaie constante de 2020) est inférieur de 15% à la moyenne des exploitations agricoles ; elle souligne, de plus, que la dispersion de cet indicateur est moindre en production laitière que dans les autres orientations de production. En utilisant trois critères économiques, la seconde partie propose une typologie permettant de répartir les exploitations laitières selon huit classes de performances économiques. La troisième partie met en évidence que les années récentes sont marquées, comparativement au début des années 2000, par un plus grand étalement de la distribution des revenus des exploitations laitières françaises. Elle discute ensuite les facteurs clés qui expliquent la variabilité des revenus en se focalisant notamment sur le coût du système d'alimentation et la question des éventuelles économies d'échelle. La conclusion propose une courte réflexion sur les tendances récentes sur secteur productif laitier français. |
| Keywords: | Farm income, Dairy farms, FADN, Economic performance, Revenu agricole, Exploitations laitières, RICA, Performances économiques |
| Date: | 2022–12–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03937299&r=agr |
| By: | A V S Durgaprasad (Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, 403726, Goa, India Author-2-Name: Ch V V S N V Prasad Author-2-Workplace-Name: Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, 403726, Goa, India Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | "Objective - Firms embrace green supply chain management (GSCM) practices to minimize the environmental repercussions of their operations. The food processing industry is one of the largest industries globally, engendering massive waste and emitting greenhouse gases, raising environmental concerns. GSCM has recently gained momentum in developing countries like India due to increasing environmental issues. This exploratory study examines the GSCM practices adopted by Indian food processing firms and investigates their impact on sustainable performance. Methodology/Technique - This study has employed a case study methodology to fulfill the research objectives. Two food processing firms operating in Goa were selected for this purpose. The case study involved semi-structured interviews with supply chain professionals from both firms. Findings – Various GSCM practices identified in the literature are observable within the case study. The results highlight the importance of GSCM practices for attaining sustainability. Findings reveal and reinforce that adopting GSCM practices improves the firms' sustainable performance. Novelty - This article is one of the earliest studies on GSCM in the food processing industry in the Indian context. The research outcomes provide an overview to managers of the food processing firms regarding GSCM practices, their execution, and sustainable performance. Type of Paper: Empirical " |
| Keywords: | Food Processing Industry; Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM); GSCM Practices; Sustainability; Sustainable Performance |
| JEL: | M10 M11 |
| Date: | 2022–12–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jmmr306&r=agr |
| By: | Dumitrescu, Carmen Simona; Pet, Elena; Salasan, Cosmin; Stanciu, Sorin |
| Abstract: | Direct sales from the farm can be a solution for small farms, but the action of certain factors influences the success of direct sales. The direct sales activity of some farmers in Timis County has been analyzed, aiming to establish the causal relationships between the influence of certain factors and the results of the farm |
| Keywords: | Farms, direct sales, results, county level |
| JEL: | Q13 |
| Date: | 2022–05–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:116154&r=agr |
| By: | Jean Cyrus de Gourcuff; David Makowski; Philippe Ciais; Marc Barthelemy |
| Abstract: | Using global wheat trade data and a network model for shock propagation, we study the impact of the Ukrainian crisis on food security. Depending on the level of reduction in Ukrainian wheat exports, the number of additional individuals falling under the minimum dietary energy requirement varies from 1 to 9 millions, and reaches about 4.8 millions for a $50\%$ reduction in exports. In the most affected countries, supply reductions are mainly related to indirect trade restrictions. |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2301.09968&r=agr |
| By: | Gustafson, Christopher R. (University of Nebraska-Lincoln) |
| Abstract: | Fiscal tools—taxes and/or subsidies—are increasingly used to address diet-related health problems. However, some studies have found that these tools are markedly more effective if attention is draw to the tax or subsidy, suggesting that the price change alone may go unnoticed in the complex food environments that consumers face. Interventions that prompt individuals to consider health during choice show promise for promoting healthy food choices in both simple laboratory settings and complex, real-world markets. In this pre-registered study, I examine the impact of dietary fiber health prompts and/or dietary fiber subsidies on the per-serving fiber content of foods chosen, the documented set of products considered, and (self-reported) nutrition information use by participants in an online supermarket setting. Participants were randomized to one of four conditions: 1) control, 2) subsidy, 3) fiber prompt, and 4) fiber prompt + subsidy. Results show that both the prompt and prompt + subsidy conditions significantly increase fiber content of foods chosen (with the latter having a larger effect). While all three interventions influence the probability of using nutrition information during food choice and affect the set of products that respondents consider relative to the control condition, the effects were larger for the prompt and prompt + subsidy conditions. A multiple mediation analysis illustrates that both direct and indirect (through the set of products considered and the use of fiber information during choice) pathways lead to the significant overall increase in fiber content of selected foods. |
| Date: | 2023–01–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:u4v5c&r=agr |
| By: | Russell, Andrew; McCue, Adam James |
| Abstract: | The flood risk management policy and implementation framework in England is overseen by complex layers of governance bodies via a range of overlapping legislations, policies and strategies. Within this, responsibility for surface water flood management is largely delegated to 152 local authorities. In this research, the local flood risk management strategies (LFRMSs) produced by these local authorities were audited using a systematic, largely objective method to identify alignment with a range of factors that good strategies should include. The aim was to determine if the strategies were meeting their minimum statutory requirements and whether they were developing robust climate change adaptation plans. The findings show that LFRMSs are, in the main, meeting their minimum statutory requirements. However, there is a widespread issue across most LFRMSs regarding inadequate consideration of increasing surface water flood risk from climate changes. Therefore, we conclude that surface water flood risk plans are not adequate in England largely because of the range in quality across the local authorities. Nonetheless, there is some evidence of good practice within the LFRMS portfolio, which is discussed in the context of the ongoing update process of these strategies. This research is the first examination of the full suite of LFRMSs and, therefore, is the first time that the complete approach to surface water flood management has been assessed in England. |
| Date: | 2023–01–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:be4qx&r=agr |
| By: | Vincent Chatellier (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | This conference entitled "The competitiveness of the European and French dairy industry" was held within the framework of a conference organized by the Centre National Interprofessionnel de l'Economie Laitière (CNIEL): "Challenge France Terre de lait". It was structured around the following two parts: 1) prices, demand, supply and trade of dairy products; 2) dairy farms in France. |
| Abstract: | Cette conférence ayant pour titre « La compétitivité de la filière européenne et française » a été réalisée dans le cadre d'une conférence organisée par le Centre National Interprofessionnel de l'Économie Laitière (CNIEL) : « Challenge France Terre de lait ». Elle a été structurée autour des deux parties suivantes : 1) les prix, la demande, l'offre et les échanges de produits laitiers ; 2) les exploitations laitières en France. |
| Keywords: | Dairy sector, Competitiveness, Dairy products trade, Dairy farms, Secteur laitier, Compétitivité, Commerce de produits laitiers, Exploitations laitières |
| Date: | 2022–02–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03938448&r=agr |
| By: | Michael Ryan; Ellie Avery; Sarah Kahn |
| Abstract: | Electronic exchange of sanitary and phytosanitary certificates can facilitate trade in animal and plant products. The electronic exchange of certificates can benefit both exporting and importing countries through enhanced efficiency gains, improved transparency, and traceability, as well as improved risk management along the food chain. However, the policy levers associated with e-sanitary certification systems are complex and include trade policies, as well as regulatory policies, investment policies, and public health and animal health policies. Countries face substantial challenges in the adoption of electronic sanitary certification systems including the costs associated with building the infrastructure, providing training, and updating existing regulatory systems. This paper reviews the uptake of e-sanitary certification systems and discusses the potential benefits and costs of adoption of these systems. Effective co-operation and collaboration between the public and private sectors are critical to the adoption and maintenance of sustainable e-sanitary certification systems. |
| Keywords: | Agriculture, Digitalisation, Food standards, SPS, Trade facilitation |
| JEL: | F13 F66 J16 J21 J24 Q10 Q18 |
| Date: | 2023–02–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:agraaa:190-en&r=agr |
| By: | Vincent Chatellier (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | This conference entitled "The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP): history and stakes of the successive reforms" was held as part of a day organized by the Institut de l'Elevage (IDELE): "the CAP in all its states". It was structured around the following four parts: 1) The objectives and principles of the CAP: has been or not? 2) The first steps of the CAP (1962-1992): between successes and dysfunctions; 3) The reforms of the CAP since 1992: a transformation in small steps; 4) The CAP 2023-2027: continuity or rupture? |
| Abstract: | Cette conférence ayant pour titre « La Politique Agricole Commune (PAC) : historique et enjeux des réformes successives » a été réalisée dans le cadre d'une journée organisée par l'Institut de l'Elevage (IDELE) : « la PAC dans tous ses Etats ». Elle a été structurée autour des quatre parties suivantes : 1) Les objectifs et les principes de la PAC : has been or not ? 2) Les premiers pas de la PAC (1962-1992) : entre succès et dysfonctionnements ; 3) Les réformes de la PAC depuis 1992 : une transformation à petits pas ; 4) La PAC 2023-2027 : continuité ou rupture ? |
| Keywords: | CAP, Livestock, Subsidiarity, PAC, Green deal, Elevage, Subsidiairité |
| Date: | 2022–11–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03938545&r=agr |
| By: | Patwardhan, Sharvari; Kapoor, Rati; Scott, Samuel; Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Chamois, Sylvie; Singh, S.K.; Dwivedi, L.K.; Pedgaonkar, Sarang; Puri, Parul; Chauhan, Alka; Laxmaiah, Avula; Menon, Purnima |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND| Healthy diets are necessary for optimal growth and to carry out daily mental and physical tasks. Unhealthy diets drive all forms of malnutritionand dietary risks are the number one risk factor globally for deaths and disability (Global Burden of Disease collaborators, 2019). Given the importance of diet as a key driver of health and wellbeing, this Data Note examines available data from three rounds of India’s National Family Health Surveys (NFHS) on food consumption patterns of adult men and women. MEASUREMENT| NFHS asks women (15-49 years) and men (15-54 years) how frequently (daily, weekly, occasionally or never) they consume nine food groups including two unhealthy food groups (Figure 1). The 2020 Nutrient Requirements for Indiansoutlines the quantity per day of vegetarian foods to be consumed as part of a balanced diet (ICMR-NIN, 2020). The guidelines indicate that pulses can be replaced with animal-source foods for non-vegetarians. Thus, for this Data Note we constructed an additional indicator –daily consumption of pulses or egg or fish or chicken or meat –to estimate any protein consumption (Figure 1). Estimates are first presented at the national levelto provide an overall view of how diets have changed from 2005-06 to 2019-21. On subsequent pages, we show trends between 2015-16 and 2019-21 by stateand district. USE| This data note provides a broad view of diet patterns among adults and should be used for further inquiry by stakeholders including researchers, policymakers, and program staff at multiple levels. We recognize that NFHS is not a detailed dietary survey and does not ask about individual food items or the quantity of food consumed. Thus, this data note should be used as a starting point for discussion and to identify major areas of improvement in consumption and measurement. |
| Keywords: | INDIA; SOUTH ASIA; ASIA; data; data analysis; death; diet; food consumption; food consumption statistics; growth; health; malnutrition; policies; protein content; risk factors; surveys diet patterns; India’s National Family Health Surveys (NFHS) |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:poshdn:91&r=agr |
| By: | Hur, Sun Kyung (Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade) |
| Abstract: | The impact of environmental protection and climate change policies on trade is increasing. This trend is international, and carries important implications for Korean manufacturing, which is highly dependent on trade. There exists a a pressing need to preemptively identify the impact of environmental TBT in major countries on the exports of Korean manufacturing industries in order to strengthen the competitiveness of domestic industries and prepare countermeasures. Against this backdrop, this paper analyzes the impact of environmental TBT on Korea’s exports through empirical analysis and identifies implications for policy. |
| Keywords: | technical barriers to trade; TBT; FTA; free trade agreements; trade; protectionism; trade protectionism; free trade; Korea; trade policy; competition policy; environmental policy |
| JEL: | F18 |
| Date: | 2022–08–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kieter:2022_013&r=agr |
| By: | Ola, Aranuwa Felix |
| Abstract: | Potential of Sweet Potato (I. Batatas) for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals and Organochlorine Residues from Abandoned Mine Agricultural Areas of Riyom LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria |
| Date: | 2023–01–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:qjhrf&r=agr |
| By: | Seven Agir (Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Ankara); Pinar Derin Gure (Middle East Technical University, Centre for Solar Energy and Research Applications, Ankara, Turkey); Bilge Senturk (Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Mugla) |
| Abstract: | Adopting agrophotovoltaic (AgroPV) systems involves many challenges, not only technical issues but also social and institutional challenges underlying insufficient social acceptance and institutional support. Using semi-structured interviews with the pioneer farmers, we explore the social and institutional challenges that may arise in implementing AgroPV systems in a developing country context-Turkiye-where there is currently no legislation on AgroPV. Still, the synergistic impact of AgroPV is highly probably due to climatic conditions in the Mediterranean setting. The pioneer farmers exhibit a highly positive attitude towards AgroPV systems reflecting that they recognize and highly value this synergistic potential. In particular, they are perceptive about how they may use AgroPV techniques to solve local problems, including those exacerbated by input dependency and climate change, beyond an abstract (economic or financial) opportunity dimension. In other words, there is a strong motivational drive for AgroPV given the challenges in Turkish agriculture; however, the weak institutional setting may channel farmers away from its adoption. Our interviews reveal that the institutional setting undermines predictability, which is vital in farmers' willingness and ability to participate in long-term, capital-intensive projects such as Agrivoltaics. Bureaucracy's distrust of potential investors, probably caused by low procedural capacity, seems to have bred a negative official attitude towards 'dual-use' innovations. This problem, in return, explains farmers' negative experiences, such as red tape in receiving licenses and permits, contributing to their doubts about sustained government support. Understanding this institutional setting is crucial for overcoming the bias towards developed countries in the literature and providing a more informed perspective before further legislative changes. |
| Keywords: | Agrivoltaics, solar energy, dual land use, agriculture, institutions, energy policy |
| JEL: | Q18 Q42 Q01 |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:met:wpaper:2301&r=agr |
| By: | Bruns, Bryan Randolph; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela |
| Abstract: | How could having farmers play experiential games contribute to improving groundwater governance? These games are an example of an innovative procedure, a policy instrument or institutional tool, which those involved in improving groundwater governance could use to understand their problems and opportunities; consider and possibly agree on norms or rules that might avoid aquifer depletion, and create shared gains that use water more productively. Institutional tools for groundwater governance could help deal with complex nexus linkages and achieve gains such as transitions to solar-powered pumping, aquifer recharge and storage to buffer against drought, and protecting and regenerating ecosystems. The concept of a groundwater governance toolbox offers a metaphor for thinking about the variety of policy instruments available and how they might be chosen, combined, and adapted to create customized toolkits to solve problems and achieve gains in specific contexts. New policies are typically layered on top of existing sets of institutions that govern relationships between people and water. This makes it crucial to understand existing knowledge and institutions and how those may interact with institutional changes. The thesis of the paper is that institutional tools need to be combined and crafted to fit contexts, including political economy constraints, opportunities, and solutions. |
| Keywords: | groundwater management; groundwater; governance; natural resources management; policies; institutional tools; policy instrument mixes; water-energy-food-ecosystems nexus; solar-powered irrigation; managed aquifer recharge; conjunctive irrigation management; groundwater-dependent ecosystems |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:2158&r=agr |
| By: | Amare, Mulubrhan; Abay, Kibrom A.; Chamberlin, Jordan |
| Abstract: | We combine nationally representative data from Nigeria with spatiotemporal data from remote sensing and other sources to study how young migrants respond to observable characteristics of potential destinations, both in absolute terms and relative to origin locations. Migrants prefer destinations with better welfare, land availability and intensity of economic activity. We also find that migrants prefer shorter distances and those destinations with better urban amenities and infrastructure. However, responses vary by type of migrant and migration. For example, rural-rural migrants are more responsive to land availability and agricultural potential, while rural-urban and urban-urban migrants are more responsive to welfare and economic vibrancy (measured by nightlight intensity) in destinations. Distance induces varying impact on migration choices of poor and non-poor migrants as well as across more educated and less educated migrants. Longer distances discourage migration for female migrants, poorer migrants and less educated migrant while the implication for the non-poor and more educated migrants appears to be negligible. This is intuitive because poorer and less educated migrants have liquidity constraints to finance high migration costs. Our results suggest potential scope for predicting how labor mobility responds to alternative regional development policies. |
| Keywords: | NIGERIA; WEST AFRICA; AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA; AFRICA; data; data analysis; destinations; development policies; economics; educational opportunities; labour; land; land access; migration; migrants; provenance; remote sensing; welfare; spatiotemporal data |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:2160&r=agr |
| By: | Ragasa, Catherine; Loison, Sarah Alobo |
| Abstract: | Although policies can be critical constraining or enabling factors for aquatic food systems (AqFS) development, scarce evaluation of the impacts of existing policies means that decision-makers have limited understanding of how to improve the design and implementation of effective policies. This paper reviews key policy issues in AqFS and how they have been analyzed and assessed to provide context-tailored policy options and guidance. Our review shows that countries face many policy issues but have little analysis on them. Despite the availability of a wide variety of frameworks, concepts, tools, methods, and approaches, their application in empirical analysis to solve policy issues in AqFS has been limited. More research is available on local- and community-level governance of fisheries, but less on national or subnational policies and regulations in AqFS. The few available policy studies focus on developed countries, with fewer applications in developing countries where growth of the aquaculture and fisheries sectors is much stronger. The studies provide useful policy options and guidance, and this review highlights the need for more such studies to address policy-related issues in the sector. |
| Keywords: | fisheries governance; decision making; evaluation; evaluation techniques; fishery management; governance; implementation; literature reviews; policy; regulations; research; aquatic food systems (AqFS); policy analysis |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:2161&r=agr |
| By: | Alain N. Kabundi; Jiaxiong Yao; Mr. Montfort Mlachila |
| Abstract: | Climate change is likely to lead to more frequent and more severe supply and demand shocks that will present a challenge to monetary policy formulation. The main objective of the paper is to investigate how climate shocks affect consumer prices in a broad range of countries over a long period using local projection methods. It finds that the impact of climate shocks on inflation depends on the type and intensity of shocks, country income level, and monetary policy regime. Specifically, droughts tend to have the highest overall positive impact on inflation, reflecting rising food prices. Interestingly, floods tend to have a dampening impact on inflation, pointing to the predominance of demand shocks in this case. Over the long run, the dominant monetary policy paradigm of flexible inflation targeting faced with supply-induced climate shocks may become increasingly ineffective, especially in LIDCs. More research is needed to find viable alternative monetary policy frameworks. |
| Keywords: | climate change; monetary policy; monetary policy models; food price inflation drought; monetary policy paradigm; supply and demand shock; IMF working paper 22/207; IT country; Natural disasters; Inflation; Monetary policy frameworks; Global; Caribbean |
| Date: | 2022–10–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2022/207&r=agr |
| By: | Vincent Chatellier (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | This paper focuses on the evolution of world, European and French oilseed trade over the last twenty years (since 2000). The statistical information used comes from three complementary databases, namely BACI for international trade, Comext for European Union (EU-27) trade and French Customs for French trade. World trade in oilseeds amount to 161 billion euros in 2020 (excluding intra-EU trade), or nearly 15% of international trade in agri-food products. These are dominated by soya (51% of the total in value), in its various forms (soya beans, soya meal, soya oil), ahead of palm oil (17%), sunflower (8%) and rapeseed (8%). In 2020, the top three oilseed exporters are Brazil (19% of world exports in value), the United States (18%) and Indonesia (11%). While the first two countries export exclusively soya, the third is specialized in palm oil. China has become the world's largest importer of oilseeds (28% of the total in 2020), ahead of the EU-27 (15%), whose deficit for these products (-21.3 billion euros in 2021) is sometimes linked to its large surplus in animal production (47.5 billion euros). France also has a deficit in oilseeds (-1.83 billion euros in 2021), mainly due to its purchases of soya meal from the American continent; the latter, which is the subject of controversy because of the deforestation induced in the Amazon, has however decreased by 31% in volume between 2000 and 2021. |
| Abstract: | Cette communication présente l'évolution, sur une vingtaine d'années (depuis 2000), des échanges mondiaux, européens et français d'oléagineux. Les informations statistiques utilisées sont issues de trois bases de données complémentaires, à savoir BACI pour les échanges internationaux, Comext pour ceux de l'Union européenne (UE-27) et les douanes françaises pour ceux de la France. Les échanges mondiaux d'oléagineux représentent un montant de 161 milliards d'euros en 2020 (hors commerce intra-UE), soit près de 15% du commerce international des produits agroalimentaires. Ceux-ci sont dominés par le soja (51% du total en valeur), sous ses différentes formes (graines, tourteaux et huile), devant l'huile de palme (17%), le tournesol (8%) et le colza (8%). En 2020, les trois premiers exportateurs d'oléagineux sont le Brésil (19% des exportations mondiales en valeur), les Etats-Unis (18%) et l'Indonésie (11%). Si les deux premiers pays exportent exclusivement du soja, le troisième est spécialisé en huile de palme. La Chine est devenue le premier importateur mondial d'oléagineux (28% du total en 2020) devant l'UE-27 (15%), dont le déficit pour ces produits (-21, 3 milliards d'euros en 2021) est parfois mis en relation avec son fort excédent en productions animales (47, 5 milliards d'euros). La France est également déficitaire en oléagineux (-1, 83 milliard d'euros en 2021), en raison surtout de ses achats de tourteaux de soja sur le continent américain ; ces derniers, qui font l'objet de controverses en raison de la déforestation induite en Amazonie, ont cependant baissé de 31% en volume entre 2000 et 2021. |
| Keywords: | Oilseeds, Soybeans, Vegetable oils, International trade, EU trade, Oléagineux, Soja, Huiles végétales, Commerce international, Echanges de l’UE |
| Date: | 2022–12–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03937481&r=agr |
| By: | Mohanty, S. K.; Gaur, Pankhuri |
| Abstract: | BIMSTEC has been one of the topmost economic growth hotspots of the world, reigning almost over the past three decades. The region has displayed growth resilience and has circumvented the pressure of the prolonged global recession which has concluded its 15th year in a row. The growth profile of the region was almost uninterrupted irrespective of the shift in the global trade regimes. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2022–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:miprrp:330120&r=agr |
| By: | Courtney A. Bell; Jessalynn K. James; Eric S. Taylor; James Wyckoff |
| Abstract: | We study the returns to experience in teaching, estimated using supervisor ratings from classroom observations. We describe the assumptions required to interpret changes in observation ratings over time as the causal effect of experience on performance. We compare two difference-in-differences strategies: the two-way fixed effects estimator common in the literature, and an alternative which avoids potential bias arising from effect heterogeneity. Using data from Tennessee and Washington, DC, we show empirical tests relevant to assessing the identifying assumptions and substantive threats—e.g., leniency bias, manipulation, changes in incentives or job assignments—and find our estimates are robust to several threats. |
| JEL: | I2 J24 M5 |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:30888&r=agr |
| By: | Lim, Soyoung (Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade) |
| Abstract: | With the outbreak of COVID-19, the world has formed a consensus on the importance of sustainability and interest in sustainability is higher than ever. The heretofore paradigm of the global economy, in which short-term efficiency was the most important organizing purpose, is shifting toward long-term sustainability. In terms of investment and finance, sustainability factors are becoming important, and consequently, the industry is also assigning weight to activities and business operations that consider sustainability beyond financial returns. Green Swan events are serious and complex, with a certain risk of occurring in the future in some form. Therefore, even if the timing and impact of their occurrence is unpredictable, they are events that require active preparation. Climate change impacts represent Green Swan events. They are irreversible, with widespread and multifarious effects around the world. After COVID-19, there is a need to consider the pandemic as a Green Swan event. This is because it is recognized that the global spread of infectious diseases after COVID-19 is likely to occur or is expected to occur, and that it is irreversibly transforming the global economic and social system. This report examines trends in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investment, which have recently come to dominate discussions of investment standards, and analyzes the status of strengthening climate change information disclosure and establishing a green classification system to enhance the objectivity and transparency of green activities |
| Keywords: | green swan; green swan event; sustainability; climate change; Korea; environment; environmental economics; COVID-19 |
| JEL: | Q56 Q58 |
| Date: | 2021–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kieter:2021_020&r=agr |
| By: | Garbarino, Nicola (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and Ifo Institute for Economic Research); Guin, Benjamin (Bank of England); Lee, Jonathan (University of Glasgow) |
| Abstract: | Subsidised insurance against extreme weather events improves its affordability among households in high-risk areas but it can weaken the risk signal via property prices. Leveraging a granular data set of all property transactions and flooding in England, we study the effects of a reinsurance scheme which lowers insurance premiums for at-risk properties. We document that the introduction of this scheme increases prices and transaction volumes of flood-prone properties. This fully offsets the negative direct effects of flooding on property prices, with high-income areas and high-value properties benefiting relatively more. Our findings speak to the debate on transition risk and wealth redistribution in response to public interventions addressing climate change. |
| Keywords: | House prices; flood risk; flood insurance; climate risks |
| JEL: | G21 Q54 |
| Date: | 2022–09–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boe:boeewp:0995&r=agr |
| By: | Alvarado, Víctor; Tambutti, Marcia; Rankovic, Aleksandar |
| Abstract: | The severity of cascading global environmental, climate, economic, social and health crises is such that they sometimes seem insurmountable. ECLAC has therefore compiled a set of best practices, drawing from cases in Latin America and the Caribbean that can serve as models to promote comprehensive structural change and improve socioeconomic and environmental well-being. This study addresses challenges, opportunities and lessons learned as to how mainstreaming biodiversity in the agriculture, fisheries, forestry, financial, manufacturing, infrastructure and tourism sectors is a catalyst for the transition towards comprehensive development, in line with the 2030 Agenda, and a fundamental tool for the implementation of the new post-2020 global biodiversity framework. The cases, implemented at varying scales, in diverse ecosystems and with different approaches, show that the shift towards environmentally-friendly production and development patterns is under way in various sectors of the region and that initiatives can be replicated and scaled up. |
| Keywords: | DIVERSIDAD BIOLOGICA, AGENDA 2030 PARA EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, DESARROLLO ECONOMICO, SECTOR INDUSTRIAL, INSTITUCIONES FINANCIERAS, PRODUCTIVIDAD, BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, 2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, INDUSTRIAL SECTOR, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, PRODUCTIVITY |
| Date: | 2022–12–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col022:48544&r=agr |
| By: | Chen, Liang; Dolado, Juan José; Gonzalo Muñoz, Jesus; Ramos Ramirez, Andrey David |
| Abstract: | Global warming is a non-uniform process across space and time. This opens the door to a heterogeneous relationship between CO2 and temperature that needs to be analyzed going beyond the standard analysis based on mean temperature found in the literature. We revisit this topic through the lenses of a new class of factor models for high-dimensional paneldata, labeled Quantile Factor Models (QFM). This technique extracts quantile-dependent factors from the distributions of temperature across a wide range of stable weather stations in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres over 1959-2018. In particular, we test whether the (detrended) growth rate of CO2 concentrations help predict the underlying factors of the different quantiles of the distribution of (detrended) temperature in the time dimension. We document that predictive association is greater at the lower and medium quantiles thanat the upper quantiles and provide some conjectures about what could be behind this nonuniformity. These findings complement recent results in the literature documenting steeper trends in lower temperature levels than in other parts of the spatial distribution. |
| Keywords: | Global Warming; Co2 Concentrations; Quantile Factor Models; Predictive Association |
| JEL: | C31 C33 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–02–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cte:werepe:36451&r=agr |