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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2023‒02‒06
29 papers chosen by |
| By: | Mokbul Morshed Ahmad; Nguyen The Manh |
| Abstract: | Lack of credit for farming is one of the main obstacles that poor Thai farmers face. Most agricultural credits from commercial banks are given to large agricultural businesses thus leaving out poor farmers who consequently have to borrow from informal sources with high interest rates. The Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives (BAAC), founded in 1966, provides financial assistance and development support for farmers, small business owners and community organizations in rural areas. Its mission is to alleviate farmers’ difficulties caused by debt obligations and low commodity prices and its major achievement is the informal loan reduction. However, BAAC faces some problems, including poor service quality, limited number of service locations that cause lack of access to the poor, populist policies, corruption by politicians, increasing number of non-performing loan. The major suggestions to address these problems are to enhance professional management of the bank, making it more accessible to poor farmers particularly in the remote and disadvantaged areas of the country. The results of this paper are drawn based on secondary data and interviews with some senior bank managers and experts. |
| Keywords: | Credit, Poor farmers, Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives, Financial services, Thailand |
| JEL: | G01 G21 G32 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:trn:utwpeu:22121&r=agr |
| By: | Pauline Marty (InSyTE - Interdisciplinary research on Society-Technology-Environment - UTT - Université de Technologie de Troyes); Sabrina Dermine-Brullot (InSyTE - Interdisciplinary research on Society-Technology-Environment - UTT - Université de Technologie de Troyes); Sophie Madelrieux (UR LESSEM - Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Julie Fleuet (InSyTE - Interdisciplinary research on Society-Technology-Environment - UTT - Université de Technologie de Troyes); Philippe Lescoat (SADAPT - Sciences pour l'Action et le Développement : Activités, Produits, Territoires - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | This article presents the results of an ongoing research project on production and allocation of the biomass of agricultural origin (BAO), a key resource in ecological and energy transitions. The production and allocation of BAO are changing under the current development of the bioeconomy, which is the narrative promoted for intensifying the use of BAO, that we question through the lens of the scientific paradigm of bioeconomics. We developed a metabolic approach to agriculture, that we applied to the case study of northern Aube (France), an area specialized in intensive crop farming, undergoing rapid development of agricultural biogas production. Our results indicate that the ongoing changes influence BAO production and allocation at several scales (farm, small collective of farms, value chain, territorial). Development of the bioeconomy strongly influences the socioeconomic metabolism of the territory's agriculture. Diversion of BAO flows due to biogas production are increasing structural imbalances and have some negative impacts on flows and ecological or economic funds strategic for sustainability, agronomic and economic balances of agricultural activities at multiple scales and as a whole. The changes described are especially disruptive since they strengthen competition and have blocking effects for the existing and potential agricultural metabolism. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural metabolism, socioeconomic metabolism, agricultural biogas, bioeconomy |
| Date: | 2021–02–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03263050&r=agr |
| By: | Paule Moustier (Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Michelle Holdsworth (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Dao The Anh (VAAS - Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences - MAARD); Pape Abdoulaye Seck; Henk Renting (Aeres University of Applied Sciences); Patrick Caron (UMR ART-Dev - Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UPVM - Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UM - Université de Montpellier, Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement); Nicolas Bricas (Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | Highlights • Research on urban food issues in the global South lacks a systemic approach. • Urban food consumption reflects income disparities. • Urban consumers rely on diverse food retailing and catering formats. • Diverse urban food chains are used in combination to supply cities. • Public policies should better support SMEs in urban food chains. |
| Date: | 2023–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03898038&r=agr |
| By: | Tianran Ding; Bernhard Steubing; Wouter M.J. Achten |
| Date: | 2022–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/352783&r=agr |
| By: | Bangsund, Dean; Hodur, Nancy |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance |
| Date: | 2023–01–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nddaae:329990&r=agr |
| By: | Ivana Radic (INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Mechthild Donner (INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Taoufik Yatribi (ENA - Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès); Yamna Erraach (INAT - Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie); Feliu López-I-Gelats (UVic-UCC - Fundació Universitària Balmes); Judit Manuel-I-Martin (UVic-UCC - Fundació Universitària Balmes); Fatima El Hadad-Gauthier (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes) |
| Keywords: | OIL MILL BYPRODUCTS, OLIVE OIL, COMPANY STRATEGY, WASTE UTILIZATION, CIRCULAR ECONOMY, RISK, PROFITABILITY, VALUE CREATION, TUNISIA, MOROCCO, FRANCE, SPAIN, ITALY, GREECE, MEDITERRANEAN REGION, SOUS PRODUIT D'HUILERIE, HUILE D'OLIVE, STRATEGIE DE L'ENTREPRISE, UTILISATION DES DECHETS, ECONOMIE CIRCULAIRE, RISQUE, RENTABILITE, CREATION DE VALEUR, TUNISIE, MAROC, ESPAGNE, ITALIE, GRECE, REGION MEDITERRANEENNE |
| Date: | 2021–07–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03343251&r=agr |
| By: | Gashaw T. Abate; Tanguy Bernard (BSE - Bordeaux Sciences Economiques - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Simrin Makhija; David J. Spielman |
| Abstract: | Despite enthusiasm around applications of information and communications technologies (ICTs) to smallholder agriculture in many lower-income countries, there are still many questions on the effectiveness of ICT-based approaches. This study assesses the impacts of video-mediated agricultural extension service provision on farmers' adoption of improved agricultural technologies and practices in Ethiopia using data from a two-year randomized experiment. Our results show that the video-mediated extension approach significantly increases uptake of recommended technologies and practices by improving extension access and farmer knowledge. Specifically, we find that video-mediated extension reaches a wider audience than the government's conventional extension approach and leads to higher levels of farmer understanding and uptake of the subject technologies in those locations randomly assigned to the program. While our results also point to greater extension access and greater knowledge among female spouses in locations where both male and female spouses were targeted by the program, we do not find clear evidence that a more inclusive approach translates into higher uptake of the subject technologies. Finally, we find that the video-mediated approach becomes less costly as the scale of operation increases. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural extension, ICT, Video-based extension, Crop management, Ethiopia |
| Date: | 2023–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03891401&r=agr |
| By: | Trinh Van Vu Lin; Trinh Phuoc Nguyen; Nguyen Van Kien; Tran Duc Dung; Dang Minh Man |
| Abstract: | Community livelihoods within the Vietnamese Mekong Delta are at risk from droughts and saltwater intrusion. This study used the DFID sustainable livelihoods framework in a multi-disciplinary method to formulate a competent analysis and methodology for the evaluationof the sustainability, vulnerability, and adaptation of the coastal residents’ livelihood. A review of the local records coupled with a survey of community representatives from 120 households highlights the increase in temperature and rainfall frequency as well as the occurrence of drought and salinity intrusion in many places along the coastal zones. The study analyzed five capital resources of farmers wherein differences in these resources—before, during, and after the drought-saltwater intrusion events—were compared. Results showed that these resources were vulnerable at different levels due to the impacts of drought and salinity intrusion. Furthermore, there were distinct differences in the indices over time. Notably, the migration of young workers from the sites opened up employment for the older workers who did not migrate. Land ownership varied among households, with more than half of respondents either planting two rice crops or raising shrimp, traditional farming models in the sites. Although the farmers ably purchased some necessary inputs for production, their physical capital was limited to the bare necessities for production and daily subsistence. Financially, the drought-salinity disaster affected the farmers negatively, so they sought loans mostly from informal sources. However, even the least affected farmers also sought loans but for purposes other than production. Social capital improved with the disaster because social organizations and local governments became more involved with the communities. However, no further improvement was observed in the years after the disaster. Overall, Nam Chanh hamlet is slightly more vulnerable to drought-saltwater intrusion (LVI = 0.452) than Soc Leo hamlet (LVI = 0.414) because of the greater vulnerability of its human, physical, and financial capitals, as well as the less diverse livelihood strategies. The results from this study will provide valuable insight into the livelihood vulnerability of coastal communities, specifically to drought and salinity intrusion. Further, results can contribute to the knowledge that enables scientists, decision makers, and governments to determine appropriate responses to similar situations and to consider policy for land and water management in coastal communities. |
| Keywords: | VMD, Vietnamese Mekong Delta, coastal communities, climate change adaptation, drought, salinity intrusion, Vietnam |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sag:seadps:2022:545&r=agr |
| By: | Laurence Amblard (Territoires - Territoires - AgroParisTech - VAS - VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - UCA - Université Clermont Auvergne) |
| Abstract: | In the European Union (EU) context, regulatory instruments and incentive schemes targeting individual farmsremain the main policy instruments implemented to control diffuse pollution from agriculture. Yet, collectiveapproaches to policy implementation have been recently developing. This article aims at assessing the potentialfor hybrid policy instruments relying on collective action among farmers to limit diffuse nitrate pollution fromagriculture. Transaction cost economics are used to assess the potential advantages of collective action as acomplement to regulatory and incentive policy tools. The conditions under which such hybrid forms of governancemay be successful are identified using the Social-Ecological System (SES) framework. A review ofempirical studies documenting cases of collective action for policy implementation in the EU context serves as abasis for the identification of the factors likely to affect the potential of collective approaches for water qualitymanagement in agriculture. The analysis relies more particularly on two cases: the Environmental Cooperativesin the Netherlands and the "Ferti-Mieux" operations in France. The results suggest that collective action is arelevant tool to consider for improving the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of policies targeting diffusepollution from agriculture. In particular, relying on farmers' cooperation for policy implementation may beassociated with advantages in terms of transaction costs. However, such advantages will be effective under anumber of conditions related to the characteristics of the water resource, the actors involved, the governance ofcooperation and the broader economic and institutional contexts. |
| Keywords: | Diffuse pollution Agriculture Collective action, Hybrid policy instruments, Transaction costs, Social-ecological system (SES) framework |
| Date: | 2021–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03095373&r=agr |
| By: | Bruno, Ellen M.; Jessoe, Katrina K.; Hanemann, Michael |
| Abstract: | This paper evaluates own-price dynamics in taxing environmental externalities. We exploit a natural experiment that exposed some firms to a large and persistent price increase for groundwater, a setting characterized by incomplete markets. Using five years of post-treatment data on farm-level water use, we find that water conservation doubles between the first and fifth year of the tax. Failure to account for dynamics in policies designed to manage groundwater will mischaracterize the price elasticity of demand and introduce efficiency costs. |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences, environmental regulation, market-based approaches, groundwater, agriculture, dynamic effects |
| Date: | 2023–01–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:agrebk:qt2mx8q1td&r=agr |
| By: | Margherita Squarcina; Eva-Maria Egger |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the short-term impacts of an aggregate socioeconomic shock on household food consumption and children's nutrition using the case of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mozambique. In response to the economic downturn, households are expected to adjust their food choices both in terms of quality, towards cheaper and unhealthier food, and quantity, reducing diet diversification and increasing the exposure to malnutrition, mainly for children. Empirical evidence on such immediate effects is still scarce, mainly due to a lack of data. |
| Keywords: | COVID-19, Food, Child nutrition, Stunting, Mozambique, Nutrition |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp-2022-169&r=agr |
| By: | Hala Abdallah (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Selma Tozanli (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes); Fatima F. El Hadad-Gauthier (CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Salem Darwich (Faculté d’Agronomie - Université Libanaise) |
| Keywords: | CHANNEL, APPLES, MARKETING CHANNELS, AGRICULTURAL SITUATION, COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION AGREEMENT, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, STANDARDS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, CONSTRAINTS, RECOMMENDATION, LEBANON, FILIERE, POMME, CIRCUIT DE COMMERCIALISATION, SITUATION AGRICOLE, ACCORD D'ASSOCIATION COMMUNAUTAIRE, COMMERCE INTERNATIONAL, NORME, REVENU DES MENAGES, CONTRAINTE, RECOMMANDATION, LIBAN |
| Date: | 2021–07–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03906006&r=agr |
| By: | Tianran Ding; Wouter M.J. Achten |
| Date: | 2022–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/352782&r=agr |
| By: | Kossi Messanh Agbekponou (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Angela Cheptea (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Karine Latouche (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Rennes Angers - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | The present paper investigates the link between the decision of French agri-food firms to supply retailers with private-label (PL) products and their integration in global value chains (GVCs). In line with the recent literature, we identify firms that participate to GVCs by the ones that engage simultaneously in import and export activities. We consider the certification with the private International Featured Standard (IFS), required by all retailers operating in France, as an indicator of firms' choice to become private label suppliers. We combine firm-level data from the AMADEUS database and French customs over the 2006-2011 period, and estimate the linkage betweens firms' decision to engage in foreign trade and to integrate a retailer-driven value chain using a multivariate binary choice model. Results confirm a strong positive correlation of these decisions, and show that retailers' PL suppliers (i.e. IFS-certified firms) are by 5.83 percentage points more likely to integrate GVCs (i.e. to jointly import and export) than other firms in the agri-food sector. This figure corresponds to an almost twofold increase in firms' probability to participate to GVCs observed in the sector. We also show that the integration in GVCs is primarily driven by the higher probability to export of these firms. Our findings are robust to the control for endgeneity and the use of alternative estimation techniques. |
| Abstract: | Le présent papier étudie le lien entre la décision des entreprises de l'industrie agro-alimentaire française d'approvisionner la grande distribution en produits marque de distributeur (MDD) et leur intégration dans les chaînes de valeur mondiales (CVM). En accord avec des travaux récents dans la littérature, nous identifions les entreprises qui participent aux CVM par leur engagement simultané dans des activités d'importation et d'exportation. Nous considérons la certification avec le standard privé International Featured Standard (IFS), exigée par tous les détaillants opérant en France, comme un indicateur du choix des entreprises de devenir des fournisseurs de produits marque MDD. Nous combinons des données issues de la base AMADEUS et des douanes françaises sur la période 2006-2011 pour estimer le lien entre la décision des entreprises de s'engager dans le commerce extérieur et de devenir fournisseur de la grande distribution à l'aide d'un modèle de choix binaire multivarié. Les résultats confirment une forte corrélation positive entre ces décisions et montrent que les fournisseurs de MDD (les entreprises certifiées IFS) ont une probabilité d'intégrer les CVM 5, 83 points de pourcentage supérieure à celle des autres entreprises du secteur agroalimentaire. Ce chiffre correspond à un accroissement par presqu'un facteur de deux de la probabilité des entreprises de participer aux CVM observée dans le secteur. Nous montrons également que l'intégration dans les CVM s'explique principalement par la probabilité plus élevée d'exporter de ces entreprises. Nos résultats sont robustes au contrôle pour l'endogénéité et à l'utilisation de techniques alternatives d'estimation. |
| Keywords: | Global value chains, Retailers, Private standards, Grande distribution, Marque de distributeur, Chaînes de valeur mondiales |
| Date: | 2022–12–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-03910461&r=agr |
| By: | Thales A. P. West; Sven Wunder; Erin O. Sills; Jan B\"orner; Sami W. Rifai; Alexandra N. Neidermeier; Andreas Kontoleon |
| Abstract: | Carbon offsets from voluntarily avoided deforestation projects are generated based on performance vis-\`a-vis ex-ante deforestation baselines. We examined the impacts of 27 forest conservation projects in six countries on three continents using synthetic control methods for causal inference. We compare the project baselines with ex-post counterfactuals based on observed deforestation in control sites. Our findings show that most projects have not reduced deforestation. For projects that did, reductions were substantially lower than claimed. Methodologies for constructing deforestation baselines for carbon-offset interventions thus need urgent revisions in order to correctly attribute reduced deforestation to the conservation interventions, thus maintaining both incentives for forest conservation and the integrity of global carbon accounting. |
| Date: | 2023–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2301.03354&r=agr |
| By: | Michael Ryan |
| Abstract: | Labour and skills shortages are a major concern in the agro-food sector across OECD countries. This challenge is compounded by the relatively small, and declining, contribution of agriculture to GDP, and the negative public perception of the sector with relatively low wages and limited career prospects. This paper reviews policies that have the potential to address labour and skills shortages in the agro-food sector including labour market, education and training, social protection policies, immigration, as well as agricultural specific policies. Many of the policy levers used to address the agro-food labour challenge lie outside the sector and involve finding the right policy mix that tends to be country specific. Furthermore, some issues can be addressed by closer public and private collaboration such as improving working conditions, increasing investment in agricultural education and training of young entrants to the sector. Greater attention also needs to be given to improving the image of agriculture as a career choice, promoting a more diverse workforce, improving the alignment of skills to the needs of the sector, promoting continuous learning, and strengthening national advisory services. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural policy, Agriculture |
| JEL: | J21 J24 Q10 Q18 |
| Date: | 2023–01–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:agraaa:189-en&r=agr |
| By: | Wang, Shanchao; Alston, Julian M.; Pardey, Philip G. |
| Abstract: | Quite different R&D lag structures predominate in studies of agricultural R&D compared with studies of R&D in other industries, and compared with studies of economic growth more broadly. Here we compare the main models and their implications using long-run data for U.S. agriculture. We reject the models predominantly used in studies of economic growth and industrial R&D both on prior grounds and using various statistical tests. The preferred model is a 50-year gamma lag distribution model. The estimated elasticity of MFP with respect to the knowledge stock is 0.28 and the implied marginal benefit-cost ratio is 23:1. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2023–01–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:umaesp:330085&r=agr |
| By: | Bangsund, Dean; Hodur, Nancy |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2023–01–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nddaae:329992&r=agr |
| By: | M\'aximo Flor\'in; Rafael U. Gos\'alvez |
| Abstract: | The territory of La Mancha, its rural areas, and its landscapes suffer a kind of atherosclerosis ("the silent killer") because of the increase in artificial surfaces, the fragmentation of the countryside by various infrastructures, the abandonment of small and medium-sized farms and the loss of agricultural, material, and intangible heritage. At the same time, agricultural industrialization hides, behind a supposed productive efficiency, the deterioration of the quantitative and qualitative ecological status of surface and groundwater bodies, and causes air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, loss of soil fertility, drainage and plowing of wetlands, forgetfulness of the ancestral environmental heritage, of the emergence of uses and customs of collective self-government and reduction of the adaptive capacity of traditional agroecosystems. This work aims, firstly, to shed light on the true costs of the main causes of environmental degradation in the territory of La Mancha, while deteriorating relations between rural and urban areas and determining the loss of territorial identity of La Mancha. the population. In addition, drivers of change toward a more sustainable social, economic, hydrological, environmental, and cultural production model are identified. |
| Date: | 2022–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2212.13611&r=agr |
| By: | Prince, Ehsanur Rauf; Barmon, Basanta Kumar; Islam, Teresa |
| Abstract: | Market integration is a metric for market efficiency, notably pricing efficiency. This paper examined the type and degree of market integration in Bangladesh using latest available weekly rice market price data from the six district markets in Bangladesh from January 2014 to December 2018. The findings demonstrated that the wholesale price series of rice are stationary at first difference, but non-stationary at levels. The vector error correction model is then implemented after the Johansen-Juselius approach has been used to examine the co-integrating relationship between the various district markets. The negative and statistically significant coefficients of error correction term for the rice markets in Barishal, Chattogram, and Sylhet districts show that short-run dynamics are convergent with long-term equilibrium. According to the estimated results of the error correction model, there is an equilibrium relationship between the rice markets in Dhaka with rice markets in Barishal, Chattogram, Dinajpur, and Khulna over the long run. In the short run, the calculated co-efficient values, however, indicate that there is only a weak transmission of price changes from one district market to another within the same week. |
| Keywords: | Market Integration Spatial Price Transmission Agricultural Trade Error Correction Model Bangladeshi Rice Market Agricultural Market Integration |
| JEL: | Q11 Q13 Q14 Q18 Q19 |
| Date: | 2022–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:115927&r=agr |
| By: | von Braun, Joachim |
| Abstract: | The UN Food Systems Summit 2021 was different from all six previous food summits held in the past eight decades. New features of this Summit included the fact that it was anchored in the Sustainable Development Goals, focused on food systems, was based on multi-stakeholder engagement, had a focus on country level strategies (so called National Pathways), and the Summit was held in New York rather than Rome, where the UN food agencies are based. Moreover, for the first time the UN called upon science to provide guidance for a food summit. In this article outcomes and political economy processes of the Summit are briefly reviewed, and then a focus is on the role of science for shaping outcomes is quantitatively assessed by reviewing the 118 country reports of National Pathways. In 62% of the countries’ strategies science, research, technology and innovation are more or less significantly mentioned. Quality of governance effectiveness is identified as a strong driver of more attention to science in countries’ strategies. The relative weight of agriculture in the national economy shows some positive correlation with attention to science too, whereas level of undernutrition does not correlate with attention to science in the strategies. Implications of these findings are drawn for the science – policy interface in food systems, and for the follow-up process to the Summit that has been put in place by the UN until 2030. |
| Keywords: | Food Security and Poverty, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2023–01–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:ubzefd:330050&r=agr |
| By: | Kym Anderson |
| Abstract: | The Fiji Government’s response since 2010 to the loss of preferential access to the European Union’s previously highly protected sugar market has been to increasingly support its producers. That support is now much higher than most other countries’ assistance to the sugar sector. This study provides detailed estimates of the changing extent of those transfers to producers from both taxpayers and consumers during 2010-21. In doing so it estimates for the first time an annual time series of nominal rates of assistance to producers and consumer tax equivalent rates (NRAs and CTEs, but they are also converted to producer and consumer support estimates as defined by the OECD). Those NRA and CTE estimates may well now exceed 100%. The level of support was equivalent to 10% of Fiji’s agricultural value added in 2018-21 and is around 5% of its government’s consolidated revenue – at a time when the government has had one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios, at 80% in 2021. Since the nature of the support is economically inefficient, inequitable, environmentally damaging and fiscally unsustainable given foreseeable market prospects, suggestions are made as to how that support might be gradually re-purposed to provide better economic, social and environmental outcomes. |
| Keywords: | agricultural subsidies, consumer taxation, international competitiveness, preferential market access |
| JEL: | F14 F54 H21 O13 Q18 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pas:papers:2022-11&r=agr |
| By: | Manara, Martina; Regan, Tanner |
| Abstract: | Information on willingness-to-pay is key for public pricing and allocation of services but not easily collected. Studying land titles in Dar-es-Salaam, we ask whether local leaders know and will reveal plot owners' willingness-to-pay. We randomly assign leaders to predict under different settings then elicit owners' actual willingness-to-pay. Demand is substantial, but below exorbitant fees. Leaders can predict the aggregate demand curve and distinguish variation across owners. Predictions worsen when used to target subsidies, but adding cash incentives mitigates this. Finally, we demonstrate that leader-elicited information can improve the public pricing of title deeds, raising uptake while maintaining public funds. |
| Keywords: | property rights; willingness-to-pay; public pricing; local publicly provided goods |
| JEL: | O17 H40 R21 D80 |
| Date: | 2022–04–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:117856&r=agr |
| By: | Jose Cobian; Budy P. Resosudarmo; Alin Halimatussadiah; Susan Olivia |
| Abstract: | Most megacities in developing countries are constantly exposed to flood risk, with a clear lack of understanding of insurance leading to poor risk management by urban populations. This paper analyses the demand for a hypothetical index-based flood insurance product among households in Jakarta, Indonesia. An expected utility framework is used to test whether this demand is significantly determined by the basis risk component of the insurance. The paper investigates the effects on insurance uptake of premium discounts, and risk aversion. Using distance of a house to the reference floodgate station (a proxy for basis risk), we find demand falls as basis risk increases. Additionally, the uptake decreases with price and risk aversion. We recommend further investment in floodgate stations to reduce basis risk, complemented with subsidies to encourage demand for this product. However, the level of discount offered to urban households is inconclusive and constitutes an important topic for future research. |
| Keywords: | index insurance, basis risk, disasters, floods, Indonesia |
| JEL: | D81 G22 Q54 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pas:papers:2022-12&r=agr |
| By: | Chaisse, Julien; Solanki, Arjun |
| Abstract: | Can countries fulfill their obligations under international environmental agreements in the presence of international investment agreements or vice versa? This Perspective offers recommendations for arbitrators and countries to harmonize their climate goals and investment obligations by moving from a strictly disciplinary view of investment law through the lens of general international law. |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:colfdi:344&r=agr |
| By: | Olivier Cristofini (IAE Paris - Sorbonne Business School) |
| Abstract: | Hybrid practices incorporate conflicting institutional logics and are recognized for their capacity to cope with societal problems. Previous literature has concentrated on the hybridization mechanisms inherent in organizations. This focus on an entity has diverted attention away from equivalent mechanisms that operate in wider social systems – specifically, in organizational fields. In this article, I show how discourses can enable such mechanisms. To that end, descending hierarchical classifications were performed on media outlets to study the discourse on the emergence of servitization in France. The results reveal two original mechanisms enabled by discourses and supporting the hybridization of the practice under study: (1) practice renaming and (2) the pivotal role played by the institutional logic of environmental protection. Based on these results, I propose a model detailing how institutional logics and discourses interact to bring about a hybrid practice. This model offers original insights to develop knowledge on hybrid organizing and promote practices that realign business goals with those associated with social welfare and preservation of the natural environment. |
| Date: | 2021–06–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03886255&r=agr |
| By: | NAKAGAWA Junji |
| Abstract: | The post-WWII international trade law system, which was established and developed to liberalise international trade, is facing multiple legitimacy crises. First, the system has contributed to the globalisation of the economy but has not addressed the income disparity within and among states. Second, multinational enterprises that have proliferated under the system have violated human rights, caused environmental degradation and engaged in anti-monopoly practices. Third, the system has not provided effective means for addressing global issues such as global warming and the COVID-19 pandemic. In light of these legitimacy crises of the post-WWII international trade law system, two fundamental questions should be raised: first, whether the system’s goal of trade liberalisation is adequate and, second, whether the structure and functions of the system’s regulation of international trade are adequate as well. To answer these fundamental questions, this study suggests (1) replacing the goal of the international trade law system from trade liberalisation to sustainability or sustainable development and (2) reconstructing the structure and functions of the regulation of international trade based on the broad definition of ‘international trade law system’, which comprises not only hard law on international trade but also soft law instruments regarding international trade addressed to states and private firms. |
| Date: | 2022–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:22116&r=agr |
| By: | Martin Henseler (EDEHN - Equipe d'Economie Le Havre Normandie - ULH - Université Le Havre Normandie - NU - Normandie Université) |
| Abstract: | The AGREE model is an integrated framework to quantitatively analyse the impacts of changes in the economy and policy on AGriculture, Resources, Environment and Energy. While covering the four domains, the model framework is kept as simple as possible to reduce the complexities to a maximum. As a flexible framework, the application to different study cases and extensions by other models is possible. The model's simplicity and flexibility require a careful analysis of the results. The model provides relative values instead of absolute values, ranges instead of levels, and considers sensitivity analysis for relevant scenarios and model parameters. Thus, insecurities from a simple model are systematically covered. The AGREE-model is a "light" version of an integrated assessment model being used for the first and fast analysis of economic shocks and policy changes. This paper presents the conceptual framework of the AGREE model. |
| Keywords: | integrated model, economic model, agriculture, environment, assessment model, Q11, Q15, Q200, Q300, Q400, Q500 |
| Date: | 2022–12–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-03904598&r=agr |
| By: | Camila Jericó-Daminello; Barbara Schröter; Maria Mancilla Garcia; Christian Albert |
| Abstract: | Stakeholder groups engage in ecosystem services coproduction as both coproducers and beneficiaries. Stakeholder group perceptions of their own and each other's roles in ecosystem services coproduction therefore influence how ecosystem services are provided in a given landscape. However, only a few studies have investigated self-perceived and attributed stakeholder group roles in this context. The aim of this paper is to assess the self-perceived and attributed engagement and importance of stakeholder groups in the coproduction of ecosystem services in a case study of the Lahn River landscape in Germany. The research questions address (i) local stakeholder group perceptions of their own engagement in the coproduction of ecosystem services and (ii) differences and commonalities between self-perceived and attributed stakeholder group importance in ecosystem services coproduction. Our method involves a survey local stakeholder groups regarding involvement in the coproduction of twelve ecosystem services and social network analysis to assess the survey data concerning network structures. Our findings indicate that self-perceived and attributed perceptions differ mainly regarding the central role of stakeholder groups in collaborative networks. We further identify differences in the self-perceived levels of importance of stakeholder groups within collaborative networks but similarities in the understanding of the overall stakeholder group network structure. We conclude by highlighting key implications for ecosystem services governance, including the need to address power imbalances and the need to foster collaborative engagement to ensure sustained and just ecosystem services delivery. |
| Keywords: | Collaboration; Ecosystem services coproduction; Lahn River landscape; Social network analysis; Stakeholder perspectives |
| Date: | 2021–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/331457&r=agr |