|
on Agricultural Economics |
|
Issue of 2020‒11‒16
forty-six papers chosen by |
| By: | Tchinda Kamdem Eric Joel; Kamdem Cyrille Bergaly (University of Dschang ,Cameroon) |
| Abstract: | Cameroonian farmers face two tenure systems: a modern regime and a customary regime. These two regimes are perpetually confronting each other, putting farmers in a total uncertainty as to the regime to adopt to ensure the sustainability of their ventures. This study aims to assess the influence of land tenure security on agricultural productivity through credit access. To achieve this goal, a two-stage sampling technique was applied to data from the third Cameroon Household Survey (ECAM 3). The number of farmers selected for the analysis was 602. These data were analysed using descriptive and three-step recursive regression models. The results of the analysis reveal that land tenure security improves agricultural productivity through the credit access it allows. A proof of the robustness of this result has been provided through discussion of the effects of land tenure security in different agro-ecological zones and through a distinction between cash crops and food crops. The overall results confirm that land tenure security positively and significantly influences agricultural productivity. The regression has also shown that the size of the farm defined in one way or another, the perception of farmers on their level of land tenure security and therefore indicates the intensity with which land tenure security influences agricultural productivity. The recorded productivity differential indicates that smallholder farmers, because they keep small farms, feel safer and produce more than those who keep medium-sized farms. The results also show that land tenure security significantly improves the value of production per hectare of food products that are globally imported into Cameroon. Therefore, we recommend that the public authorities promote land tenure security by reinforcing the unassailable and irrevocable nature of land title, but also by easing the conditions of access to it. |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:395&r=all |
| By: | Torelli, Riccardo; Balluchi, Federica |
| Abstract: | The relationship between biodiversity and ethics is complex and concern the broader environmental ethics. In the agricultural industry, these issues are fundamental and, in the context of agro-biodiversity, bread production activity plays a primary role. Artisanal bread and its derivatives represent basic food products and a short supply chain, with only one intermediate step between the producer of the raw material (flour) and the consumer, represented by bakery. Furthermore, bakery industry is characterized by different needs, motivations, evaluations and ethical/moral values, as well as philosophical considerations towards nature, of producers and consumers. Through a multiple case study on four specific companies of the interesting and relevant natural and sustainable bakery industry, our aim is to understand what are the motivations and ethical-moral drives behind specific ideological and operational choices that have an impact on nature and its biodiversity. It is also intended to investigate how the different ethical-philosophical approaches to nature lead to economic and management choices that are also very distant from each other and have different impacts on the protection and promotion of agricultural biodiversity. This study has allowed to place the positions and choices of some entrepreneurs and artisans in the different ethical approaches to nature and therefore to biodiversity. It was also possible to highlight how the different behaviours of consumers and producers arise from the ethical conceptions through which they look at reality and the consequences of their choices on production and sales activities. |
| Date: | 2020–05–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:sxzjf&r=all |
| By: | Jayson Beckman, Maros Ivanic, Jeremy L. Jelliffe,; Felix G. Baquedano, and Sara G. Scott |
| Abstract: | The European Commission (EC) unveiled its Farm to Fork and Biodiversity Strategies that would impose restrictions on European Union (EU) agriculture through targeted reductions in the use of land, fertilizers, antimicrobials, and pesticides. The proposal also pledges to use EC trade policies and other international efforts to support this vision of sustainable agri-food systems, suggesting intentions to expand the reach of the policy beyond the EU. To examine the economic implications of the proposal, we performed a range of policy simulations on several of the proposed targets using three progressively broader adoption scenarios of the EC’s initiative. Under all these scenarios, we found that the proposed input reductions affect EU farmers by reducing their agricultural production by 7 to 12 percent and diminishing their competitiveness in both domestic and export markets. Moreover, we found that adoption of these strategies would have impacts that stretch beyond the EU, driving up worldwide food prices by 9 (EU only adoption) to 89 percent (global adoption), negatively affecting consumer budgets, and ultimately reducing worldwide societal welfare by $96 billion to $1.1 trillion, depending on how widely other countries adopt the strategies. We estimate that the higher food prices under these scenarios would increase the number of food-insecure people in the world’s most vulnerable regions by 22 million (EU only adoption) to 185 million (global adoption). |
| Keywords: | Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2020–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:uerser:307277&r=all |
| By: | Prager, Steven; Wiebe, Keith |
| Abstract: | Strategic foresight is a systematic means to explore plausible futures. In the agricultural context, strategic foresight allows decision-makers to explore how alternative investments in agriculture research may function given anticipated futures associated with a variety of drivers ranging from climate change to increasing wealth to a changing policy environment. This paper presents an overview and context for six recently published articles in Global Food Security that comprise a virtual special issue on agricultural futures. Each of the papers takes a distinct perspective and addresses key issues from how past trends drive future outcomes to specific commodity systems to issues around employment and rural transformation. While each of the included papers stands on its own merits, the collection presents a unique opportunity to unpack the role of investment in agriculture research from a variety of perspectives. Collectively, the special issue offers insights to support current and future investment planning to better target desired outcomes associated with long-term agricultural research. |
| Date: | 2020–10–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:5upvx&r=all |
| By: | Tusiime, Sharon M.; Nonnecke, Gaile R.; Jensen, Helen H. |
| Abstract: | Tomatoes increase nutritional food security and income among Ugandan smallholder farmers who have limited access to high quality seed. The objective of this study was to analyze the current tomato seed value chain for Uganda. Survey responses determined roles of key participants, including Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) for regulation and certification; National Agricultural Research Organization for breeding cultivars and seed multiplication; Makerere University for education and research; commercial seed companies for seed importation and conditioning; seed distributors for sales; and smallholder farmers as savers and end users of seed. Challenges included an inefficient domestic seed distribution system, technical constraints in seed production and conditioning by seed companies, inadequate networks and communication among the seed industry’s key participants, and partial regulation of the seed industry. Seed companies played a key role in seed conditioning processes. Companies imported all tomato seeds into Uganda and stated germination as their primary goal for quality. Challenges for seed companies included assistance from MAAIF to regulate and certify seed and access to improved technologies. Attaining high quality seed by commercial Uganda-parent companies will require additional investment and training of seed technologists for domestic testing and seed quality assurance. |
| Date: | 2020–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:isu:genstf:202001010800001770&r=all |
| By: | Lavaine, Emmanuelle; Majerus, Philippe; Treich, Nicolas |
| Abstract: | Although animal agriculture is critical to the subsistence of smallholders in some poor countries, the global detrimental impact of animal farming is now both well documented and overwhelming. Animal farming is a primary cause of deforestation (De Sy et al., 2015), biodiversity loss (Machovina et al., 2015), antibioresistance (O’Neill, 2015) and infectious diseases emergence and amplification (Rohr et al., 2019). Moreover, it contributes significantly to water pollution, water scarcity and climate change (Godfray et al., 2018; Poore & Nemecek, 2018; Springmann et al., 2017). Additionally, the exploitation of farmed animals, especially in its widespread intensive forms, raises various moral issues. In this paper, we discuss another impact of animal farming, that on air pollution and in turn on human health. While this impact is also potentially considerable, we stress that it has been largely overlooked by regulators as well as by researchers, and in particular by economists. |
| Date: | 2020–11–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:wpaper:124874&r=all |
| By: | Odusola, Ayodele |
| Abstract: | Over the past decade, large-scale land acquisition in Africa has become quite intense, especially in DRC, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Mozambique, Sudan, Tanzania and Zambia. While African countries are motivated by the need to transform the agricultural sector and diversify their economies, the urge to meet the needs of future food and biofuel security, among others, underpins foreign interest. This divergence of interest makes the realisation of the prospective benefits elusive in Africa. Maximsing the benefits of large-scale land acquisition requires bold actions against the following structural impediments: (i) weak land governance and a failure to recognise, protect and properly compensate local communities’ land rights; (ii) lack of country capacity to process and manage large-scale investments; (iii) foreign investors’ proposals that are inconsistent with local and national visions; (iv) resource conflict with negative distributional and gender effects; and (vii) inadequate capacity to assess the social, economic and environmental impact of the project on local communities. This paper suggests a 10-point agenda for maximising the benefits of the land grab in Africa. |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:undpae:307337&r=all |
| By: | Saini, Shweta; Gulati, Ashok; von Braun, Joachim; Kornher, Lukas |
| Abstract: | This study looks at trends in Indian farm wages, analyses their linkage with food prices, and identifies factors which drove their growth in real terms. We employ quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques for this purpose. A vector-error correction model (VECM) is used to determine the linkage between farm wage inflation and food inflation, and a pooled mean group (PMG) estimation method, used for dynamic heterogeneous panels, is used to identify the drivers of growth in real farm wages. In last 20 years (1998-99 to 2017-18), wages of India’s farm labourers increased at an average annual rate of 9.3 per cent in nominal and 3.2 per cent in real terms. For an average agricultural labourer, the daily wage rates increased from less than INR 45 in 1998-99 to about INR 229 in 2017-18. In real terms (2004-05 prices), this increase was from INR 50 to about INR 90 per day. The empirical analysis of the monthly wage time series identified a structural break in January 2007. Specifically, the curve is near-flat before this break-point subsequent which it rises sharply. On the relation between food inflation and wage growth, evidence was found of a food-wage spiral where changes in food prices and farm wages were estimated to impact each other. However, the impact of food inflation emerged to be stronger on wages than vice-versa and this impact was observed to strengthen post 2007-08. The panel study (1987-88 to 2015-16) on the drivers of real wage growth was conducted around the January 2007 structural break. Before this break, growth in real wages was estimated to be mostly driven by growth in the agriculture sector. Any influence of non-agricultural sectors (manufacturing and construction) did not emerge significant during this period. However, post the break, the growth witnessed in both- non-agricultural (manufacturing and construction sectors) and agricultural sectors explained the sharp increases in real farm wages. The large public rural employment program, MGNREGA (introduced in 2005) was identified as a third potential force of influence on rural wages; however, among other significant factors, its contribution to farm wage growth was estimated to be low and with a lag. Policy implications based on these findings are that for faster growth in real farm wages, focus needs to be on augmenting labour productivity in agriculture. In order to pursue that, one needs to lead reforms in agriculture that can accelerate agri-GDP growth and ensure that the rest of the economy, especially the manufacturing and construction sector, grow much faster pulling labour out from the agricultural sector to higher productivity jobs in manufacturing, construction, and possibly also services. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Security and Poverty, Labor and Human Capital |
| Date: | 2020–11–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:ubzefd:307268&r=all |
| By: | Fawson, Chris; Cottle, Christopher; Hubbard, Hayden; Marshall, McKlayne |
| Abstract: | A rapidly increasing number of large U.S. companies are reporting use of an internal carbon price, in spite of the struggle to enact environmental regulation or reduction standards on carbon emissions in the United States. Such trends have created a growing interest in both how and why the private sector is using internal carbon pricing and what the implications of these developments will be. This paper examines the precise motives, methods and prices used by the U.S. private sector for incorporating an internal cost of carbon into their organizational strategies for the purpose of reducing carbon emissions. Careful analysis of reports from the CDP (formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project) suggests that the primary motives driving internal carbon pricing initiatives in the United States are investor relations, cost savings opportunities provided by reducing emissions, perceived physical risks associated with climate change (e.g., as severe weather or supply chain interference), and regulatory risk. Furthermore, shadow pricing and carbon offsetting are the most common methods of private-sector carbon pricing, and the average internal carbon price in the private sector is $40.09 per ton as of 2017. These trends are evaluated in the broader context of U.S. political developments, economic policies, and mechanisms for pricing carbon. This research should be particularly pertinent to private-sector shareholders and stakeholders, business owners, and executives—in addition to policy makers—as it provides unique insights into how private initiatives are advancing a commitment to CO2-induced climate change mitigation in the face of an increasingly uncertain public policy landscape. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2019–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cgouta:307178&r=all |
| By: | Tobias Holmsgaard Larsen (Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen); Thomas Lundhede (Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen); Søren Bøye Olsen (Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen) |
| Abstract: | This report summarizes the main results from a choice experiment survey addressing peoples’ willingness to pay (WTP) for improvements in surface water quality as well as groundwater quality. A particular novel focus is on estimating the extent to which WTP is impacted by the time lags and outcome uncertainties that commonly occur in practice when implementing new policies to improve water quality. The survey is conducted across four different case areas in four different countries, involving responses from more than 3000 respondents. Results generally confirm previous findings that people on average have quite high WTP for improvements in water quality, both in relation to surface water and groundwater. In addition, the results show that the WTPs reduce significantly with increasing time lags and outcome uncertainty in relation to the actual water quality improvements. |
| Keywords: | Economic Valuation, Choice Experiment, Water Quality, Outcome Uncertainty, Time Lags |
| JEL: | C83 D60 Q51 Q53 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:foi:wpaper:2020_12&r=all |
| By: | Martine J Barons; Willy Aspinall |
| Abstract: | Food insecurity is associated with increased risk for several health conditions and with increased national burden of chronic disease. Key determinants for household food insecurity are income and food costs. Forecasts show household disposable income for 2020 expected to fall and for 2021 to rise only slightly. Prices are forecast to rise. Thus, future increased food prices would be a significant driver of greater food insecurity. Structured expert judgement elicitation, a well-established method for quantifying uncertainty, using experts. In July 2020, each expert estimated the median, 5th percentile and 95th percentile quantiles of changes in price to April 2022 for ten food categories under three end-2020 settlement Brexit scenarios: A: full WTO terms; B: a moderately disruptive trade agreement (better than WTO); C: a minimally disruptive trade agreement. When combined in proportions for calculate Consumer Prices Index food basket costs, the median food price change under full WTO terms is expected to be +17.9% [90% credible interval:+5.2%, +35.1%]; with moderately disruptive trade agreement: +13.2% [+2.6%, +26.4%] and with a minimally disruptive trade agreement +9.3% [+0.8%, +21.9%]. The number of households experiencing food insecurity and its severity are likely to increase because of expected sizeable increases in median food prices in the months after Brexit, whereas low income group spending on food is unlikely to increase, and may be further eroded by other factors not considered here (e.g. COVID-19). Higher increases are more likely than lower rises and towards the upper limits, these would entail severe impacts. Research showing a low food budget leads to increasingly poor diet suggests that demand for health services in both the short and longer term is likely to increase due to the effects of food insecurity on the incidence and management of diet-sensitive conditions. |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2010.15484&r=all |
| By: | Delay, Nathan; Chouinard, Hayley; Walters, Cory; Wandschneider, Philip |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2020–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307133&r=all |
| By: | Luis Escalante (EDEHN - Equipe d'Economie Le Havre Normandie - ULH - Université Le Havre Normandie - NU - Normandie Université); Helene Maisonnave (EDEHN - Equipe d'Economie Le Havre Normandie - ULH - Université Le Havre Normandie - NU - Normandie Université) |
| Abstract: | Climate change affects men and women differently and pre-existing gender disparities may be worsened. In Bolivia, high vulnerability levels and gender disparities exist in terms of education, access to employment, and poverty, making women a highly vulnerable population group. Our analysis uses a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model that explicitly incorporates household production with a gender focus, linked with micro-simulations to assess the effects of climate change on poverty and inequality in Bolivia. Two scenarios are evaluated. The first scenario refers to damages and losses of capital and land in the agricultural and livestock sector due to climatic events, while the second scenario analyses the decrease in agricultural production yields. The simulations reveal that the climatic scenarios have negative impacts on the Bolivian economy, with the agricultural sector being the most affected. The results also reveal that climate change affects employment negatively in both simulations, and further increases the burden of domestic work, especially for women thus increasing their vulnerability. Furthermore, both simulations reveal negative impacts on poverty and inequality, with women being more affected than men. The results reveal that Bolivian women are more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change than men. |
| Keywords: | CGE,Climate change,Gender,Unpaid work,Poverty,Latin America,Bolivia JEL: C68,J16,Q54,O54 |
| Date: | 2020–10–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02970249&r=all |
| By: | Jansen, Jim; Parsons, Jay; Brooks, Kate |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–01–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307077&r=all |
| By: | Meerza, Syed Imran Ali; Giannakas, Konstantinos; Yiannaka, Amalia |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2020–04–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307138&r=all |
| By: | Gustafson, Christopher |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–10–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307112&r=all |
| By: | Pérez-Escamilla, Rafael; Vilar-Compte, Mireya; Gaitán-Rossi, Pablo |
| Abstract: | Experience-based household food insecurity (HFI) indicators can be used to rank households across the continuum of levels of severity of HFI. However, studies have not closely examined if there is value for policymakers to receive information on all or just some of the HFI levels. We examined peer reviewed and gray literature reports to answer this question. Reporting on different HFI levels is key for targeting and evaluating policies and programs. In addition, there are dose-response or curvilinear relationships between HFI levels and diverse physical and mental health outcomes, and early childhood development indicators. The process of introduction of HFI experience-based measures in Latin America improved the understanding of the meaning of different HFI levels among policymakers, media and population at large. Findings strongly suggest that HFI can only be properly understood and addressed by assessing and reporting on all levels of HFI at the local, provincial, national, regional and global levels. Tracking and reporting secular trends of different HFI levels is key during major economic shocks and public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| Date: | 2020–10–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:fhw26&r=all |
| By: | Jansen, Jim; Stokes, Jeff |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–08–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307106&r=all |
| By: | Tusiime, Sharon M.; Nonnecke, Gaile R.; Masinde, Dorothy M.; Jensen, Helen H. |
| Abstract: | Tomato cultivars (Heinz 1370, MT 56, and Nuru F1), fungicide application (±), staking (±), and mulching (±) were tested for their effect on yield, disease severity, and gross margin in tomato production in the Kamuli District of Uganda. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with a factorial and split-plot arrangement in field plots in two growing seasons during 2013. Total and marketable fruit number, marketable fruit weight, gross margin, and disease severity, assessed using the area under disease progress curve, were measured. Disease-resistant and open-pollinated ‘MT 56’ in combination with fungicide application and soil mulch provided the highest marketable fruit number and marketable fruit weight and had a positive gross margin in the first growing season. A combination of ‘MT 56’ and treatments without applying fungicide and soil mulch resulted in the only positive gross margin in season two. Application of fungicides reduced disease severity (early blight, Alternaria solani Sorauer) for all cultivars in season one and for ‘Heinz 1370’ and ‘Nuru F1’ in season two, but did not affect disease severity for ‘MT 56’ in the second season. Using soil mulch reduced the severity of early blight disease, but decreased the gross margin when purchased. Staking did not affect yield, disease severity of plants, and decreased the gross margin. Cultivar MT 56 had the highest gross margin and marketable fruit and least disease severity, and seeds should be made available to small-landholder tomato farmers in Uganda to enhance their sustainable livelihoods. |
| Date: | 2019–11–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:isu:genstf:201911010700001771&r=all |
| By: | Gustav Agneman (DERG, Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen); Paolo Falco (DERG, Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen); Exaud Joel (Department of Economics, University of Dar Es Salaam); Onesmo Selejio (Department of Economics, University of Dar Es Salaam) |
| Abstract: | Cooperation is essential to reap efficiency gains from specialization, not least in poor communities where economic transactions often are informal. Yet, cooperation might be more difficult to sustain under scarcity, since defecting from a cooperative equilibrium can yield safe, short-run benefits. In this study, we investigate how scarcity affects cooperation by leveraging exogenous variation in economic conditions induced by the Msimu harvest in rural Tanzania. We document significant changes in food consumption between the pre- and post-harvest period, and show that lean season scarcity reduces socially efficient but personally risky investments in a framed Investment Game. This can contribute to what is commonly referred to as a behavioral poverty trap. |
| Keywords: | scarcity, cooperation, field experiment |
| JEL: | C71 C93 D91 |
| Date: | 2020–02–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kud:kuderg:2004&r=all |
| By: | Escarley TORRICO |
| Abstract: | Many works focus on water conflicts in urban or rural areas, but very few try to understand what happens in spaces where boundaries are diffuse. In this article, we analyze the tensions and conflicts that arise in the urban-rural interface of Hampaturi, located on the northwest edge of the urban sprawl of the city of La Paz, where we find part of the water dams supplying water for household consumption. |
| Keywords: | Bolivie |
| JEL: | Q |
| Date: | 2020–11–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:avg:wpaper:fr11754&r=all |
| By: | McKee, Greg |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2020–01–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307126&r=all |
| By: | Sharma, Sankalp; Walters, Cory |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307110&r=all |
| By: | Boberg-Fazlić, Nina; Sharp, Paul |
| Abstract: | Despite the growing literature on the impact of immigration, little is known about the role existing migrant settlements can play for knowledge transmission. We present a case which can illustrate this important mechanism and hypothesize that nineteenth century Danish-American communities helped spread knowledge on modern dairying to rural America. From around 1880, Denmark developed rapidly and by 1890 it was a world-leading dairy producer. Using a difference-in-differences strategy, and data taken from the US census and Danish emigration archives, we find that counties with more Danes in 1880 subsequently both specialized in dairying and used more modern practices. |
| Keywords: | International Development, Industrial Organization |
| Date: | 2020–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cgouta:307181&r=all |
| By: | Quaini, Stefania; Saccani, Sebastiano; Vergalli, Sergio; Assom, Luigi; Beria, Marco; Codello, Alessandro; Monaco, Maurizio; Sabatini, Riccardo |
| Abstract: | We analyze the United Nations commodities trade database (UN comtrade), comprised of international commodities exchanges in volume and price with monthly resolution. We introduce a trade impact index to quantify the impact, in terms of distance travelled, of importing a specific food raw commodity in a specific period of the year and in a specific country of the world. This index captures the seasonal exchange of raw commodities in an insightful and concise manner. |
| Keywords: | International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2020–11–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:feemgc:307306&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of the dismal theorem on climate policy |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | D81 D83 Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2090&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of first-best climate policy |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, undergraduate, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2083&r=all |
| By: | Gustafson, Christopher; Zeballos, Eliana |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–02–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307079&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of hyperbolic time discounting |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, undergraduate, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | H43 Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2086&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of the biological and health impacts of climate change |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2069&r=all |
| By: | Groskopf, Jessica J |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–03–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307086&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of the impacts of weather shocks and climate change |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2076&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of the secondary benefits of climate policy |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2084&r=all |
| By: | Stockton, Matt |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2020–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307129&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of the economic impacts of climate change |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2073&r=all |
| By: | Ebaidalla M. Ebaidalla (University of Khartoum Sudan) |
| Abstract: | Despite the importance of non-farm income in the livelihood of the rural population in Sudan, information available on its size and determinants is scanty. This study examined the patterns and determinants of decisions to participate in non-farm activities in rural Sudan. It also investigates whether the determinants of participation in non-farm activities vary across agriculture sub-sectors and income groups as well as among males and females. The data for this study was sourced from the Sudanese National Baseline Household Survey (NBHS) conducted by Sudan’s Central Bureau of Statistics in 2009. The results show that non-farm income is a crucial source of livelihood, contributing about 43% to household income in rural Sudan. The results of multinomial logit and probit estimation methods indicate that educational level, mean of transportation, lack of land and lack of access to formal credit are the most significant factors that push rural farmers to participate in non-farm activities. Surprisingly, the effect of household income was positive and significant, implying that individuals from rich households have higher opportunity to engage in non-farm activities compared to their poor counterparts.Moreover, the analysis revealed some symptoms of gender and location disparities in the effect of factors that influence participation in non-farm activities. The study concluded with some recommendations that aim to enhance the engagement in non-farm activities as an important diversification strategy to complement the role of the agriculture sector in improving rural economy in Sudan. |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:389&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of the economic impacts of climate change |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2075&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of the impacts of climate change on economic growth |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2080&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of the social cost of carbon |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2077&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of the distribution of the economic impacts of climate change |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2078&r=all |
| By: | A.A. Tijani; Masuku M. B (Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria) |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aer:wpaper:368&r=all |
| By: | Aiken, J. David |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–08–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307104&r=all |
| By: | Richard S.J. Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom) |
| Abstract: | Video discussion of political targets for greenhouse gas emissions and climate change |
| Keywords: | environmental economics, climate change, undergraduate, postgraduate, video |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susvid:2082&r=all |
| By: | Peterson, Wesley |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–07–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307101&r=all |
| By: | Jansen, Jim; Stokes, Jeff; Parsons, Jay |
| Keywords: | Production Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–07–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nbaece:307099&r=all |
| By: | Sheila Dow (Department of Economics, University of Victoria) |
| Abstract: | The way in which any topic is analysed in economics depends on methodological approach. The purpose here is to explore the argument that the way in which climate change is addressed depends on how economics is understood to relate to the physical environment and also to the social and ethical environment. This involves an exploration of the formation of knowledge, both in economics and in the economy. Alfred Marshall’s evolutionary approach to knowledge formation was central to his approach to economics and to his understanding of economic behaviour. Here we consider the application of Marshall’s approach to issues around climate change, through the lens of the subsequent development of evolutionary economics and ecological economics. |
| Keywords: | Alfred Marshall, evolutionary economics, environmental economics, ecological economics |
| Date: | 2020–10–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vic:vicddp:2001&r=all |