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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2020‒01‒13
43 papers chosen by |
| By: | Tasso Adamopoulos; Loren Brandt; Jessica Leight; Diego Restuccia |
| Abstract: | We use household-level panel data from China and a quantitative framework to document the extent and consequences of factor misallocation in agriculture. We find that there are substantial within-village frictions in both the land and capital markets linked to land institutions in rural China that disproportionately constrain the more productive farmers. These frictions reduce aggregate agricultural productivity in China by affecting two key margins: (1) the allocation of resources across farmers (misallocation) and (2) the allocation of workers across sectors, in particular the type of farmers who operate in agriculture (selection). We show that selection can substantially amplify the static misallocation effect of distortionary policies by affecting occupational choices that worsen the distribution of productive units in agriculture. |
| Keywords: | agriculture, misallocation, selection, productivity, China. |
| JEL: | O11 O14 O4 E02 Q1 |
| Date: | 2019–12–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tor:tecipa:tecipa-651&r=all |
| By: | Mansfield, David |
| Abstract: | The physical and political geography of the deserts of southwest Afghanistan have gone through dramatic change over the last two decades. Located on the periphery of irrigated lands settled by the Afghan state in the 1950s and 1960s, this area has been at the forefront of technical change in Afghan agricultural production since 2003. Initially settled by small numbers of households escaping drought in the 1990s, tracts of these former desert lands were captured by local elites and communities from the adjacent irrigated lands. Access to improved technologies, including deep wells and diesel pumps, and a buoyant opium price, led to dry rocky soils being transformed into agricultural land. Further encroachment of these former desert lands came in 2008 with the drive to curb opium production in those accessible irrigated areas where the Afghan state, and foreign military forces, coerced the rural population to abandon opium. These counternarcotics efforts evicted the land-poor from the centrally irrigated valleys of the provinces of Helmand, Farah and Kandahar, leaving them few options but to seek new lives in the former desert areas. For those that owned land in the former desert areas, this supply of relatively cheap labour, skilled in opium production, encouraged a further expansion in opium poppy cultivation. Even in the wake of repeated low yields between 2010 and 2014, and fluctuating opium prices, farmers in these former desert areas adapted and innovated, exploiting herbicides and solar-powered technology to reduce the costs of opium production, and further increased the amount of land under agriculture. As this paper argues, these former desert areas should not be seen as marginal and remote, far from the reaches of the development programs of the Afghan state and its donors, but understood as engines of growth integrated into the global economic system; these are areas that have been transformed by improved access to modern technologies and an entrepreneurial local population that has fully exploited the opportunities illegal opium production offers. |
| Keywords: | opium poppy; transformations; Afghanistan; illicit economies; solar power |
| JEL: | N0 |
| Date: | 2019–11–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:102976&r=all |
| By: | Alam, Md. Mahmudul (Universiti Utara Malaysia); Siwar, Chamhuri; , Abu N.M. Wahid |
| Abstract: | Purpose: Sustainable food security at the household level is one of the emerging issues for all nations. It is expected that the patterns of household resilience factors and adaptation practices have a strong linkage with household food security. The aim of this study was to seek an effective technique of adaptation for food security and the required types of support for adaptation to food insecurity among the poor and low income households in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach: This study was based on primary data that were collected in Jul-Oct 2012 through a questionnaire survey among 460 poor and low income households from the Pahang, Kelantan, and Terengganu states of Malaysia. The samples were selected from E-Kasih poor household database based on a two-stage cluster random sampling technique. The study considered household food security as household food availability and food accessibility, and ran ordinal regressions to find out the linkages of household food security with household resilience factors, adaptation practices, and expected support for adaptation to food security. Findings: The study concludes that several resilience factors and adaptation practices were statistically significant to household food security, and several external supports were statistically and significantly needed to ensure household food security. Therefore, to ensure sustainable household food security in Malaysia, the food security programs needs to be integrated with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and climatic changes adaptation programs, and the involvement of relevant stakeholders are crucial. Originality/value: This study is a pioneer work based on primary data that empirically measured the linkages of household food security with household resilience factors, adaptation practices, and expected support for adaptation to food security in Malaysia. This study also discussed some issues related to the climate change linkage, which would help future climate change research. The findings of the study will be beneficial for all the stakeholders, including policy makers related to the food security and climate change adaptation. |
| Date: | 2019–06–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:hkbwn&r=all |
| By: | Alisher Tleubayev (Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO)) |
| Abstract: | Current study provides pioneering empirical evidence on the corporate governance and firm performance relationship in the case of the large scale agri-food companies in Russia. While Russia plays an important role in global food security, its domestic agri-food production is heavily dependent on large scale producers.In spite of the emergence and continuing growth of large scale agricultural enterprises in many parts of the world, the literature on large scale corporate farming is scarce. Corporate governance literature is especially limited in the case of transition economies like Russia, which has relatively short history of market economics. A sudden move towards the decentralized market after the collapse of the communist regime in the beginning of 1990s led to the emergence of new private companies. Most of these newly privatized companies were large in size, with very poor governance levels. However, increased attention from government, relatively stabilized national economy, improvements in legislation and access to international financial markets led to significant improvements in governance structure after 1999. All these factors taken together, makes it especially interesting to study the corporate governance in the case of Russia. A panel data of 203 agri-food enterprises of Russia for the period between 2012 and 2017 is employed in the analysis. |
| Keywords: | corporate governance, agri-food industry, firm performance, Russia, panel data |
| JEL: | M14 Q12 Q13 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:9911911&r=all |
| By: | Mukherjee, Sacchidandanda (National Institute of Public Finance and Policy) |
| Abstract: | Improving economic viability of Indian agriculture is contingent upon agrienvironmental sustainability (AES). For agriculture, environment acts as a sink of pollution load as well as inputs for production. Objective assessment of environmental impacts of Indian agriculture and impacts of polluted environment on agriculture are crucial for AES. The costs of polluted environment on agriculture will be borne by farmers in terms of loss of productivity and quality of farm produces. Comprehensive assessment of economic costs of environment on Indian agriculture is lacking. On the other hand, unless internalize environmental impacts of agriculture will be borne by the society - in terms of depletion and degradation of water resources, land degradation and emissions of GHGs. Environmental impact of agriculture will be largely borne by vulnerable sections of the society who cannot afford to adopt pollution aversion practices (or technologies) to avoid health hazards. Moreover, marginal and small farmers may also not be able to mitigate the impact of polluted environment on their farmland by adopting various coping mechanism (pollution averting behavior). Therefore agri-envirionmental sustainability of Indian agriculture is important for wellbeing of Indian farmers. In the absence of system of integrated environment and economic accounting (SEEA) in India, present paper builds a comprehensive agri-environmental sustainability index (AESI) based on 40 indicators to assess the potential (possible) impact of agriculture on environment. The study captures both spatial and temporal aspects of AES by covering 17 general category states for the period 1990-91 to 2013-14. The study comes out policy suggestions which could be useful to adopt sustainable agricultural practices. |
| Keywords: | agro-ecosystem environment ; agri-environmental sustainability ; agrienvironmental indicator ; sustainable agriculture ; environmental sustainability ; Indian states. |
| JEL: | Q56 Q15 C00 |
| Date: | 2020–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:npf:wpaper:20/290&r=all |
| By: | Maria Garrone; Jo Swinnen |
| Abstract: | This paper estimates firm-level mark-ups and their volatility along the agri-food value chain using the methodology of De Loecker and Warzynski (2012). We estimate mark-ups of farmers, processors, wholesalers and retailers, how they change over time, and their volatility. We use detailed micro-level data from companies from Italy and France for the period 2006-2014. We find that farmers have a significantly higher volatility of mark-ups than other agents in the agri-food value chain, such as food processors, wholesalers and retailers. The volatility is negatively related with firm size in all sectors, and especially in agriculture. |
| Date: | 2018–06–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ete:ceswps:626586&r=all |
| By: | Emmanuelle Reynaud (CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon, AMU - Aix Marseille Université); François Fulconis (CRET-LOG - Centre de Recherche sur le Transport et la Logistique - AMU - Aix Marseille Université, LBNC - Laboratoire Biens, Normes, Contrats - AU - Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, AMU - Aix Marseille Université); Gilles Paché (CRET-LOG - Centre de Recherche sur le Transport et la Logistique - AMU - Aix Marseille Université, AMU - Aix Marseille Université) |
| Abstract: | Agro-ecology is now considered as an alternative model to the industrial agricultural model. Faced with the limitations of conventional production models, agro-ecology is emerging today as a possible response to the challenges of the 21st century: food security, circularity, respect for the environment, and development of employment. More generally, the adoption of circular principles aims to decouple environmental pressure from agricultural productivism. Agro-ecology is a relevant research topic because it aims to ensure sustainable and resilient agricultural production, to empower local farmers, to protect the environment and to fight again climate change. This article focuses on the French Oasis projects, as part of the "Hummingbird movement" initiated by Pierre Rabhi, and which represent a successful agro-ecological experience, in economic, social and environmental terms. Different data were collected by compiling information available on the website of 76 Oasis projects across France: people living in the community; lodging possibilities; presence of a school; and direct relationship with local farmers. Then, a social factorial correspondence analysis and an environmental factorial correspondence analysis was realized to evaluate the impacts of environmental Oasis projects. The results show that profitable organizations seem to conduct more social and environmental actions in an agro-ecology context, and they put in place more actions than those who have no profitable aims. |
| Keywords: | Agro-ecology,environmental strategy,farming,Hummingbird movement,Pierre Rabhi |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02395815&r=all |
| By: | Alam, Md. Mahmudul (Universiti Utara Malaysia); Taufique, Khan Md. Raziuddin; Sayal, Azizullah |
| Abstract: | Changes in climatic factors have different impacts on different social groups. But the farmers are considered to be the most vulnerable group because of their direct and indirect dependency on climatic factors. This study aims to understand the nature of socioeconomic impacts of climatic changes on the farmers in Malaysia. A questionnaire survey was conducted on a sample of 198 paddy farmers in the Integrated Agricultural Development Area at North-West Selangor of Malaysia in 2009. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ordinal scale and percentile. The study reveals that climatic changes have adverse impacts on agricultural productivity, profitability, income equality, employment, farmer’s health, and government subsidy policy. The Kuznets ratio and Gini coefficient indicate that there is highly unequal distribution of income. Climatic changes are contributing to the widening of this income gap, because poor farmers are affected more by the adverse effects of climatic changes. The current government subsidy policy is not found appropriate and adequate to support and encourage the farmers to adequately adapt to the climatic changes and to reduce the inequality among the farming community. The paper ends up with recommending some policy guidelines to counter adverse effects of climate change on income of paddy farmers in Malaysia. |
| Date: | 2019–06–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:4uvdj&r=all |
| By: | P. Perera (Department of Economics, SOAS University of London); Risa Morimoto (Department of Economics, SOAS University of London) |
| Abstract: | Mangrove forests are critical to protecting our environment against the damaging impacts of climate change. While a third of global mangrove species are found in Sri Lanka, considerable mangrove deforestation has occurred over the last few decades, primarily due to the expansion of shrimp farming. This has degraded the mangrove ecosystem and led to the depletion of fish population, in turn affecting the livelihoods of local communities who depend predominantly on fishing for their survival. This study quantitatively analyses household survey data collected from local communities in and around the Puttalam lagoon, northwest Sri Lanka, to explore the institutions that are used for fishing commons governance (using Elinor Ostrom’s (1990) design principles as a theoretical underpinning) and their relation to poverty and environmental (and commons) degradation. The analysis finds that mangrove conservation is considered important regardless of poverty level and that poverty is related to greater institutional adherence. While adherence to the design principles leads to greater sustenance of the fishing commons, certain design principles are found to be more important than others. In this study, we found monitoring is the most important design principle. |
| Keywords: | fishing commons, mangrove deforestation, Sri Lanka |
| JEL: | Q22 Q57 Q13 |
| Date: | 2019–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:soa:wpaper:229&r=all |
| By: | Zineb Moumen (USMBA - Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah); Najiba El Amrani El Idrissi (USMBA - Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah); Manuela Tvaronavičienė (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University); Abderrahim Lahrach |
| Abstract: | In the realms of Climate change impact, economic and population growth, and pollution, Water security, and sustainable development are paramount, for addressing the food-water-energy nexus and mitigating the impact of the cited drawbacks. The presented paper in the first part, emphasizes water security and sustainable development notions. In 2015 s the 2030 agenda were approved by 193 members of the United Nation, it consists of 17 goals (SDG) for environmental sustainability, social inclusion, economic development, peace, justice, good governance, and partnership. The 6th target of SDG is dedicated to clean water and sanitation since it is considered as one of the central focuses of Sustainable Development Goals. The second part is focused on Moroccan's water management plans. This latter elaborate a legal framework for water use, the law n° 36-15 that comprises the protection of human health through the regulation of exploitation, and provision of sanction. The green Morocco Plan (PMV) which aims first to develop modern agriculture aligned with the world global market requirement, and second to eliminate poverty by helping smallholder farming. The 140 dam's that Morocco counts provide strong support to economic growth. However, under the actual uncontrollable changing rate, Morocco is still threatened by low "water security", the access of drinkable water and sanitation services are improved but not totally covered, Moreover, the climate change |
| Keywords: | water security,sustainable development,Green Morocco Plan,SDG6,Moroccan Dam's policy |
| Date: | 2019–12–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02342701&r=all |
| By: | Nyirenda, Zephania Bondera |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295899&r=all |
| By: | Bendelová, Marta Paula |
| Abstract: | The small farmers are increasingly an irreplaceable part of Slovak agriculture. Therefore, it is important to identify their main credit constraints and to analyse their access to credit as this input belongs to one of the main factors of farther development of small, young and family farmers. In other words, their access to credit is crucial for the improvement of the Slovak agricultural sector as a whole. In this paper we specify the main sources of credit for small farmers in Slovakia, why there are some difficulties in credit acquisition and what are the main challenges of Slovak small, young and family farmers. |
| Keywords: | access to credit,credit constraints,sources of credit,small farmers |
| JEL: | Q10 Q14 E51 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:209635&r=all |
| By: | Alam, Md. Mahmudul (Universiti Utara Malaysia); Talib, Basri; Siwar, Chamhuri; , Abu N.M. Wahid |
| Abstract: | This research aims at examining the direct and indirect impacts of climatic changes as well as the effects of non-climatic factors on household food security in Malaysia. The study is based on primary data collected in the months of July – October, 2012 through a questionnaire survey on 460 low income households from East Coast Economic Region (ECER) of the country. The samples were selected from E-Kasih poor household database, based on cluster random sampling technique. The statistical estimation was done through two-stage formative path measurement model by using nonparametric bootstrap procedure under Smart PLS. This study finds that household food insecurity ECER – Malaysia is not only related to social and economic factors, but also statistically significantly linked to the direct and indirect impacts of climatic factors. The policy implications of the study suggest that design of food security programs must be integrated with climatic change adaptation programs. The government and other relevant agencies should jointly develop appropriate policies for poverty alleviation, household level food security, and adaptation with climatic changes in Malaysia. |
| Date: | 2019–06–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:sfd3c&r=all |
| By: | Alam, Md. Mahmudul (Universiti Utara Malaysia); Siwar, Chamhuri; Talib, Basri; , Abu N.M. Wahid |
| Abstract: | Sustainable food security at household level is one of the emerging issues for all nations. There are several factors such as social, economic, political, demographic, natural, and livelihood strategies that causes to the vulnerability of the status of household food security. Therefore examining the vulnerability of these factors is essential to identify the reason and recognize the most vulnerable communities. This study is an attempt to study on the vulnerability of the factors of household food utilization and its linkage with climatic changes in Malaysia. The study is based on primary data collected in the months of July – October, 2012 through a questionnaire survey on 460 low income households from East Coast Economic Region (ECER) in Malaysia. The samples were selected from E-Kasih poor household database, based on cluster random sampling technique. The study found that the vulnerability of the factors of household food utilization has increased statistically significantly over the last five years period due to difference between rural and city food quality, occurrences of natural disasters, incidences of mosquitoes, insects, pest, etc., and diseases like dengue, malaria, heat stretch, cold, skin disease, etc. This study suggests that the food security programs need to be integrated with climatic change adaptation programs to ensure more effective and sustainable household food security in future, especially among the poor and low income group. |
| Date: | 2019–06–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:b5mnr&r=all |
| By: | Henri-Ukoha, A. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295879&r=all |
| By: | Olwande, John |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295806&r=all |
| By: | Alam, Md. Mahmudul (Universiti Utara Malaysia); Siwar, Chamhuri; , Abu N.M. Wahid |
| Abstract: | Sustainable food security at household level is a national concern in many countries. The reasons for household food insecurity include social, economic, political, and personal factors as well as climatic changes and its outcomes. This research aims at finding out the linkage of the factors of climatic changes, non-climatic factors and household resiliencies with the level of household food security among the poor and low income households in Malaysia. This study is based on primary data that were collected in Jul-Oct 2012 through a questionnaire survey on 460 poor and low income households from the Pahang, Kelantan, and Terengganu States of Malaysia. The sample was selected from E-Kasih poor household database based on cluster random sampling technique. Initially the study measures household food security according to the USAID-HFIA model, and ran ordinal regressions under the logit and probit models. This study finds that household food insecurity is not only linked with social and economic factors, but also significantly linked with the climatic factors. Therefore, the food security programs need to be integrated with the adaption programs for climatic change. |
| Date: | 2019–06–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:xdpks&r=all |
| By: | JUNGHEE LEE (Gyeonggi-do Institute of Health and Environment) |
| Abstract: | The standard method for the enumeration of environmental Legionella has several drawbacks including long incubation and poor sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to compare the result of culture and real-time PCR on detecting Legionella and to evaluate the usefulness of real-time PCR alongside traditional culture for enumeration of Legionella from water samples. The real-time PCR assays conducted to quantify Legionella spp. (16S rRNA gene) and L. pneumophila (mip gene). Each real-time PCR assay had 100% specificity and excellent sensitivity (5 GU/reaction). Legionella was enumerated in 200 environmental water samples. In the culture, 36 samples were positive and 164 samples were negative. Based on the culture, real-time PCR was a high negative predictive value of 99%, 35 samples were true positive, 105 samples were true negative, 59 samples were false positive and 1 samples were false negative. Quantitative analysis of the two methods showed a weak linear correlation (r2=0.29, r2=0.61, respectively). Real-time PCR analysis showed weak linear correlation (r2=0.29, r2=0.61) with the culture-based results. Although it is difficult to directly apply quantitative analysis results of real-time PCR in the enumeration of environmental Legionella, it can be used as a complementary means of standard methods to rapidly screen negative samples and to more accurately diagnose. |
| Keywords: | environment, Legionella, real-time PCR, culture |
| JEL: | I19 L65 O39 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:9711393&r=all |
| By: | Mutsami, Chrispinus |
| Keywords: | Livestock Production/Industries, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295755&r=all |
| By: | Catherine Haeck; Giulia Meloni; Jo Swinnen |
| Abstract: | Previous studies on the value of terroir, or more generally geographical indications (GI), used hedonic techniques. We use historical data and exploit temporal and geographical variations in the introduction of wine GIs in early twentieth century France to study the impact on the price of specific wines in the years and decades following their introduction. We find large effects of GIs on prices of some Champagne wines, but no significant impact on Bordeaux or other Champagne wines. |
| Date: | 2018–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ete:ceswps:634338&r=all |
| By: | Chris Pentz (Stellenbosch University); Markus Filter (Stellenbosch University) |
| Abstract: | South Africa is an emerging market, but it is also the eighth largest wine producer in the world. Despite the country?s established position in the global wine industry and its rich history in wine production, South Africa has a significantly low level of wine consumption per capita compared to other wine-producing countries. Consequently, there is a need for wine producers to explore opportunities and strategies to increase domestic wine consumption. One such opportunity lies in new, unexplored markets, such as the emerging Generation Y consumers. However, these consumers seem to lack knowledge when selecting and purchasing wine mainly because of their inadequate experience with the product. Owing to the complex nature of wine, consumers typically identify and prioritise certain wine attributes. For the purposes of this study, 13 wine attributes were identified from prior research that might influence consumers? wine selection and purchase behaviour, namely, ?taste?, ?price?, ?someone recommended it?, ?medal/award?, ?brand?, ?attractive front label?, ?in-store promotions?, ?grape variety?, ?region of origin?, ?information on back label?, ?read about it?, ?matches my food? and ?information on shelf?. This study investigated the relative importance of these wine attributes to South African Generation Y consumers. A quantitative research design that used self-administered, non-interactive surveys was presented to a student sample at a leading South African university. The relative importance of the wine attributes was measured using the Best-Worst scaling method. The results indicated that ?taste?, ?price?, ?someone recommended it,? ?medal/ award? and ?brand? were deemed the most important wine attributes, whereas the attributes ?information on shelf?, ?matches my food?, ?read about it?, ?information on back label? and ?region of origin? were identified as less important. Based on these findings, it is recommended that wine producers should focus their marketing efforts on providing South African Generation Y consumers with experiences that involve tasting wine; that wine producers should compile appropriate wine pricing strategies; and that they should encourage opinion-sharing of their wines. By gaining a deeper understanding of the wine selection and purchasing behaviour of South African Generation Y consumers and the importance they place on wine attributes the low level of South Africa?s per capita wine consumption can be addressed in a positive way. |
| Keywords: | Wine attribute importance; Best-Worst scaling; Generation Y; South African wine industry |
| JEL: | M31 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:9911552&r=all |
| By: | Akinlade, Roseline J. |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295728&r=all |
| By: | Emilie Orliange (CE.RE.GE - CEntre de REcherche en GEstion - IAE Poitiers - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Poitiers - Université de Poitiers - Université de Poitiers - ULR - Université de La Rochelle, Axe 2 : « Marchés, Cultures de consommation, Autonomie et Migrations » (MSHS Poitiers) - MSHS - Maison des sciences de l'homme et de la société de Poitiers - Université de Poitiers - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | This communication deals with the concept of developing culinary skills and the autonomy of middle school children through a program of education for food consumption through the implementation of the "culinary arts", aiming at the opening of a proximal zone of development from school to family. This longitudinal action- research reveals a great diversity of "pathways" allowing us to identify 6 types of adolescent pathways : from peripheral participation in the activities of the food route, as an observer or simple recipient of the prepared dish, to a central participation in the preparation, as an actor able to decide his own culinary practices located. This study seeks to open an alternative to "non-culinary" agri-food marketing that promotes ready-to-use and ultra-processed products to engage in marketing "of the culinarity", which would take into account adolescents' food and cooking skills, to promoting "better eating through culinary transmission", in order to preserve the long-term health of young people. |
| Abstract: | Cette communication traite du concept de développement des compétences culinaires et de l'autonomie des collégiens au travers d'un programme d'éducation à la consommation alimentaire passant par la mise en pratique des « arts de faire culinaires », visant l'ouverture d'une zone proximale de développement de l'école vers la famille. La recherche-action longitudinale fait ressortir une grande diversité de « parcours cheminatoires » nous permettant d'identifier 6 types de parcours d'adolescents, d'une participation périphérique aux activités de l'itinéraire de l'alimentation, en tant qu'observateur ou simple destinataire du plat préparé, à une participation centrale aux processus d'élaboration culinaire, en tant qu'acteur capable de décider de ses propres pratiques culinaires situées. Cette étude cherche à ouvrir une alternative au marketing agro-alimentaire « du non culinaire » qui promeut des produits prêts à l'emploi et ultra-transformés pour s'engager vers un marketing « de la culinarité », qui prendrait en compte l'étendue des compétences alimentaires et culinaires des adolescents pour s'engager à promouvoir le « mieux manger par la transmission culinaire », afin de préserver le capital santé des jeunes à long terme. |
| Keywords: | CCT,TCR,culinary skills,Empowerment,consumer education,Zone of proximal development,Culinary marketing,Pathways,Adolescent,Marketing culinaire,parcours cheminatoires,compétences culinaires,Autonomisation,éducation à la consommation,Zone Proximale de développement |
| Date: | 2019–11–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02377876&r=all |
| By: | Onyango, Mercy |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Marketing |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295677&r=all |
| By: | Mirindi, Patrice Lekeraho |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295932&r=all |
| By: | Sellare, Jorge; Meemken, Eva-Marie; Qaim, Matin |
| Abstract: | It is often assumed that voluntary sustainability standards – such as Fairtrade – could not only improve the socioeconomic wellbeing of smallholder farmers in developing countries but could also help to reduce negative health and environmental impacts of agricultural production. The empirical evidence is thin, as most previous studies on the impact of sustainability standards only focused on economic indicators, such as prices, yields, and incomes. Here, we argue that Fairtrade and other sustainability standards can affect agrochemical input use through various mechanisms with possible positive and negative effects. We use data from farmers and rural workers in Cote d’Ivoire to analyze effects of Fairtrade certification on fertilizer and pesticide use, as well as on human health and environmental toxicity. Fairtrade increases chemical input quantities and aggregated levels of toxicity. Nevertheless, Fairtrade reduces the incidence of pesticide-related acute health symptoms among farmers and workers. Certified cooperatives are more likely to offer training and other services related to the safe handling of pesticides and occupational health, which can reduce negative externalities in spite of higher input quantities. These results suggest that simplistic assumptions about the health and environmental effects of sustainability standards may be inappropriate. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, International Development |
| Date: | 2020–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gagfdp:300047&r=all |
| By: | Kitonga, Kavengi |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295849&r=all |
| By: | Shahbaz, Muhammad; Alam, Md. Mahmudul (Universiti Utara Malaysia); Uddin, Gazi Salah; Nanthakumar, Loganathan |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper utilizes an energy demand model to investigate the impact of trade openness on energy consumption by incorporating scale and technique, composition and urbanization effects in the case of Malaysia. The study covers the sample period of 1970-2011 using quarter frequency data. We applied the bounds testing approach in the presence of structural breaks to examine the long run relationship between the variables. The VECM Granger causality is used to detect the direction of causality between the variables. Our findings indicate that growth effect (scale and technique effect) has a positive (negative) impact on energy consumption whereas composition effect stimulates energy demand in Malaysia.. Energy consumption is positively influenced by both from openness and urbanization. This study opens new policy insights for policy making authorities to articulate a comprehensive energy and trade policy to sustain economic growth and improve the environmental quality of Malaysia. |
| Date: | 2019–06–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:xy2z6&r=all |
| By: | Obisesan, Adekemi A. |
| Keywords: | Labor and Human Capital, Institutional and Behavioral Economics |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295766&r=all |
| By: | Jens-Peter Loy; Dieter Pennerstorfer; Daniela Rroshi; Christoph Weiss; Biliana Yontcheva |
| Abstract: | We investigate how consumer information affects price adjustment in the Austrian retail gasoline market. Our measure of consumer information is obtained from detailed census data on commuting behavior, as commuters can freely sample prices on their commuting route and are thus better informed about prices. A threshold error-correction model suggests that prices adjust more quickly if cost shocks exceed certain thresholds. Parametric and semiparametric regressions show that a larger share of informed consumers increases both transmission speed and pass-through elasticity. Better informed consumers reduce the asymmetry in thresholds, but have no effect on the asymmetry in the speed of adjustment. |
| Keywords: | Price Transmission, Consumer Information, Commuters, Gasoline Market, Threshold Error-Correction Model |
| JEL: | D43 D83 L13 |
| Date: | 2019–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jku:econwp:2019_20&r=all |
| By: | Ngare, Lucy W.; Derek, Okova W. |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295817&r=all |
| By: | Kenneth G. Stewart (Department of Economics, University of Victoria) |
| Abstract: | Instructors of econometrics courses sometimes seek an empirical simultaneous equations application that, ideally, (i) goes beyond the two-equation case most often used in textbook examples, (ii) is based on available real-world data that can be used in hands-on exercises, (iii) replicates prominent published results, (iv) can be motivated as being of some historical importance, (v) uses accessible economic theory, and (vi) yields plausible empirical results understandable to students. The seminal but now-forgotten 1955 watermelon study of Daniel Suits is suggested as an empirical application that meets all these criteria. |
| Keywords: | simultaneous equations; empirical application; watermelons |
| JEL: | C30 C36 Q11 |
| Date: | 2019–11–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vic:vicewp:1901&r=all |
| By: | Adeyemo, Temitayo Adenike |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Labor and Human Capital |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295830&r=all |
| By: | Alam, Md. Mahmudul (Universiti Utara Malaysia); Siwar, Chamhuri; Talib, Basri; , Abu N.M. Wahid |
| Abstract: | Purpose: Sustainable food security at the household level is one of the emerging issues for all nations. Several factors such as social, economic, political, demographic, natural, and livelihood strategies cause vulnerability in the status of household food security. This study is an attempt to examine the vulnerability of the factors of household food accessibility and its linkage with the climatic changes in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on primary data collected in the months of July – October, 2012 through a questionnaire survey on 460 low-income households from the East Coast Economic Region (ECER) in Malaysia. The samples were selected from E-Kasih poor household database, based on the cluster random sampling technique. The questionnaire uses a five-point Likert scale, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA F statistics for Chi-Square Two Sample Test. Findings: The study finds that the vulnerability of the factors of household food accessibility has increased statistically and significantly over the last five years in Malaysia, whereas the contributions of climatic factors are low on these changes. This study suggests that the food security programs in Malaysia need to be integrated with the climatic change adaptation programs to ensure more effective and sustainable household food security in the future. Originality/value: This study is an original work based on primary data that empirically measures the vulnerability of the factors of household food accessibility, one of the important dimensions of household food security, and its linkage with climatic changes. |
| Date: | 2019–06–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:8gq9v&r=all |
| By: | Animashaun, Jubril O. |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Community/Rural/Urban Development |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295905&r=all |
| By: | Li, Zhimin; Ligon, Ethan |
| Abstract: | This paper studies informal risk-sharing regimes in a unified framework by examining intertemporal consumption behavior of rural households in Tanzania. We exploit a theoretically-consistent link between interest rates and cross-sectional consumption moments to test alternative risk-sharing models without requiring data on interest rates or assuming a restriction to eliminate the need for such data, which are often unavailable in developing economies. We specify tests that allow us to distinguish among models even with temporal dependence in income shocks. Our analysis shows that the consumption pattern in rural Tanzania is consistent with the self-insurance regime, and that risk aversion varies substantially across districts. Imposing a strict condition on interest rates, as often done in prior literature, misses their intertemporal heterogeneity and biases the estimation of risk aversion. |
| Keywords: | Social and Behavioral Sciences, Risk Sharing, Full Insurance, Self-Insurance, Private Information |
| Date: | 2020–01–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:agrebk:qt50f6t3fh&r=all |
| By: | Kirui, Oliver Kiptoo |
| Keywords: | International Development, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295819&r=all |
| By: | Gelaw, Fekadu |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Marketing |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295738&r=all |
| By: | Rudik, Ivan (Cornell University) |
| Abstract: | Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are economists’ primary tool for analyzing the optimal carbon tax. Damage functions, which link temperature to economic impacts, have come under fire because of their assumptions that may be incorrect in significant, but a priori unknowable ways. Here I develop recursive IAM frameworks to model uncertainty, learning, and concern for misspecification about damages. I decompose the carbon tax into channels capturing state uncertainty, insurance motives, and precautionary saving. Damage learning improves ex ante welfare by $750 billion. If damage functions are misspecified and omit the potential for catastrophic damages, robust control may be beneficial ex post. |
| Date: | 2019–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:nc43k&r=all |
| By: | Durán Valverde, Fabio.; Pacheco-Jiménez, José F.; Muzaffar, Taneem.; Elizondo-Barboza, Hazel. |
| Abstract: | The International Labour Organization estimates that in low-income, lower middle-income and middle-income countries, a social protection floor package, excluding health, would cost 2.4 per cent of their GDP on average. However, some of those countries have already established some guarantees of a social protection floor. This study aims to calculate what additional investment would be required to establish a social protection floor in all countries and reach SDG target 1.3 by 2030. It also measures incremental financing needs to illustrate how existing gaps can be closed progressively to achieve 100 per cent coverage by 2030. Finally, it analyses potential sources of financing to create the additional fiscal space needed. |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ilo:ilowps:995051092202676&r=all |
| By: | Beltrán, Allan; Maddison, David; Elliott, Robert J R |
| Abstract: | Economic theory suggests that, other things being equal, properties located within a floodplain should suffer a price discount. A survey of the existing evidence nonetheless reveals that this price discount lies anywhere between − 75.5% to a + 61.0% price premium. In this paper we summarise and explore the wide variation in the results to obtain ‘best’ estimates with which to guide policy. Results from our meta-analysis comprising 37 published works and 364 point estimates indicate marked differences between studies according to when and where they were conducted. For coastal regions the results show that properties located in the floodplain command higher prices; this finding is however likely to be caused by a high correlation between omitted coastal amenities and flood risk. There is moreover, evidence that publication bias affects the coastal flooding literature. Results from meta-regression analyses intended to uncover sources of heterogeneity confirm that controlling for time elapsed since the most recent flood is especially important. For inland flooding the price discount associated with location in the 100-year floodplain is − 4.6%. Although other estimates are defensible, we suggest this figure be used as a rule of thumb to determine the benefits of flood relief projects to households |
| Keywords: | Flood risk; Hedonic valuation; Meta-analysis; Meta-regression |
| JEL: | Q51 Q54 R21 |
| Date: | 2018–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:86458&r=all |
| By: | Nathalie Lazaric (UCA - Université Côte d'Azur , CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - UCA - Université Côte d'Azur - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Fabrice Le Guel (UP11 - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11); Jean Belin (UB - Université de Bordeaux); Vanessa Oltra (UB - Université de Bordeaux); Sébastien Lavaud (UB - Université de Bordeaux); Ali Douai (UCA - Université Côte d'Azur , GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - UCA - Université Côte d'Azur - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-02387961&r=all |
| By: | Arslan, Cansin |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295791&r=all |