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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2019‒12‒16
48 papers chosen by |
| By: | Tommi Ekholm |
| Abstract: | Forests will have two notable economic roles in the future: providing renewable raw material and storing carbon to mitigate climate change. The pricing of forest carbon leads to longer rotation times and consequently larger carbon stocks, but also exposes landowners to a greater risk of forest damage. This paper investigates optimal forest rotation under carbon pricing and forest damage risk. I provide the optimality conditions for this problem and illustrate the setting with numerical calculations representing boreal forests under a range of carbon prices and damage probabilities. The relation between damage probability and carbon price towards the optimal rotation length is nearly linear, with carbon pricing having far greater impact. As such, increasing forest carbon stocks by lengthening rotations is an economically attractive method for climate change mitigation, despite the forest damage risk. Carbon pricing also increases land expectation value and reduces the economic risks of the landowner. The production possibility frontier under optimal rotation suggests that significantly larger forests carbon stocks are achievable, but imply lower harvests. However, forests' societally optimal role between these two activities is not yet clear-cut; but rests on the future development of relative prices between timber, carbon and other commodities dependent on land-use. |
| Date: | 2019–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1912.00269&r=all |
| By: | ARISTO, Jurnal; Istyaningrum, Anna |
| Abstract: | Water related problem usually involving many stakeholder with different interest, attitude, power scale and level, which make it complex as well as water contestation problem in Begal State production forest in Ngawi Regency which involving different level government agency and its community base institution. Teak production forest and rice agriculture area usually located nearby especially in Ngawi regency with 40% agriculture area and 32% forest area, which make high occurrence of water related problem. This research purpose is to identify and analyze the root of water contestation among involved stakeholder in Ngiyom and Margo spring water utilization and its leading factors. In depth interview was done to all involved stakeholder in February 2017 to obtain the data about the water contestation problem in this area. Although changes in water and forest land utilization are causing water contestation problem but understanding root of water problem in this research from agriculture and forestry policy are important to make a sustainable solution. Forestry and agriculture governance are use to understand the relation among stakeholder toward water contestation in this area. Social ecological system framework that captures the relation among resource users and governance to resources utilization is useful to get the whole picture of water contestation problem in this area. Government policy on rice agriculture and forestry sector was indirectly affecting the water contestation problem in this area. Combined with in field governance, government policy effect were causing social and economic gap among water resources user in this area. |
| Date: | 2018–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:inarxi:vu4sb&r=all |
| By: | Nani Sumarni (Master of Applied Economics, Padjadjaran University) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study is to examine the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in Indonesia between economic growth and environmental quality by employing panel data for 33 provinces for the period of 2011-2017. We use the Environmental Quality index (EQI) as an integrated environmental indicator, which is composed of Water Quality Index (WQI), Air Quality Index (AQI) and Forest Cover Index (FCI). Moreover, spatial regression models are applied to investigate the dependence of environmental conditions in negihboring areas. The findings are: (1) while the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve is found for EQI, AQI and FCI, the AQI continues to decrease with the increase in GDP per capita within the ranre of the current levels; (2) the presence of spatial interactions among variables is identified for WQI, AQI and FCI; (3) population density contributes positively to WQI and negatively to AQI. The findings suggest that the government should positively take policy instruments to mitigate a decline in environmetal quality with economic growth. In addition, the government should not rely on the evidence that supports the EKC relationship for a specific single indicator when making a decision on environmental policy. Moreover, spatial effects should be taken into consideration in environmental policy-making process and involving citizens in environmental programs is also suggested. |
| Keywords: | environmental kuznets curve, Indonesia |
| JEL: | Q0 |
| Date: | 2019–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unp:wpaper:201908&r=all |
| By: | Bevacqua, Emanuele; Maraun, Douglas; Vousdoukas, Michalis I.; Voukouvalas, Evangelos; Vrac, Mathieu; Mentaschi, Lorenzo; Widmann, Martin |
| Abstract: | Compound flooding (CF) is an extreme event taking place in low-lying coastal areas as a result of co-occurring high sea level and large amounts of runoff, caused by precipitation. The impact from the two hazards occurring individually can be significantly lower than the result of their interaction. Both the risk of storm surges and heavy precipitation, as well as their interplay is likely to change in response to anthropogenic global warming. Despite CF relevance, a comprehensive risk assessment beyond individual locations at the country scale is missing. In particular, no studies have examined possible future CF risk. Here we estimate the potential CF risk along the European coasts both for present and future climate according to the business-as-usual (RCP8.5) scenario. Under current climate conditions, the locations experiencing the highest risk are mostly located along the Mediterranean Sea. However, future climate projections show emerging risk along parts of the Atlantic coast and the North Sea. The increase of the risk is mostly driven by an intensification of precipitation extremes. In several European regions, increasing CF risk should be considered as a potential hazard aggravating the risk caused by the mean sea level rise (SLR). |
| Date: | 2018–07–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:eartha:ta764&r=all |
| By: | Snyder, Jason; Jayne, Thomas; Mason, Nicole; Samboko, Paul |
| Keywords: | Productivity Analysis, Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295792&r=all |
| By: | Fall, Cheickh Sadibou; Fofana, Ismaël; Traoré, Fousseini |
| Abstract: | In this study, we develop an economy wide model for Burkina Faso to assess the most promising opportunities for technological innovations to enhance maize production and productivity and their economywide effects. We simulate the implementation of two agricultural technological innovations using a customized Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. One innovation is an improvement of famers’ efficiency, i.e. operating on the production frontier (typology scenario). The other shifts the frontier itself and involves the introduction of a new cultivar (crop scenario). The model has been made agriculture-focused through the following features: separate agriculture and non-agriculture labor markets, separate urban and rural representative household groups, including welfare analysis and the imperfect integration of land markets, i.e. the land market is split into agroecological zones (AEZs). The CGE model is a single-country, multi-sector, multi-market model and solved for multiple periods in a recursive manner, ten years in the case of Burkina Faso. The CGE model is calibrated using a 2013 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM). The SAM has several interesting features with regards to agricultural modelling and highlights the focus crops for Burkina Faso and particularly maize, which is the focus crop of this study. The results showed prospects of gains for the economy with the introduction of technological innovations in the maize value chain in Burkina Faso. Welfare analyses performed showed welfare gains for all household profiles studied. In other words, the introduction of innovations in the maize value chain seems to be pro-poor. Finally, the study found that a total increase of about 2% of public expenditure in this sector over 10 years is required to achieve the simulated results. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2019–12–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:ubzefd:298421&r=all |
| By: | Pierre Boulanger (European Commission – JRC); Emanuele Ferrari (European Commission – JRC); Alfredo Mainar Causape (European Commission – JRC); Martina Sartori (European Commission – JRC); Mohammed Beshir; Kidanemariam Hailu; Solomon Tsehay |
| Abstract: | In 2017, the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Ethiopia adopted the Rural Job Opportunity Creation Strategy (RJOCS) to address a lack of job opportunities in rural areas, and related effects such as migration to urban areas and poverty. This report assesses the likely effects of six policy options, in terms of jobs opportunity creation and key macroeconomic indicators. It employs a dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model developed by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) tailored to the Ethiopian context. The analysis of the Ethiopian economy, through multipliers based on a specifically developed database, shows that livestock has the greatest employment generation capacity, followed by cash crops, food crops and agri-food industry. This means that policies focusing on rural and agri-food sectors should have great potential to create job opportunities. All scenarios show the capacity of the Ethiopian agriculture and food industry to generate job opportunities and improve conditions for workers and their families, with particularly positive effects under the scenarios supporting agroparks and developing workers’ skills through education. |
| Keywords: | CGE, Ethiopia,jobs, Agricultural policy |
| JEL: | C68 |
| Date: | 2019–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc117916&r=all |
| By: | Minten, Bart; Dorosh, Paul A. |
| Abstract: | Nominal cereal prices in Ethiopia in July 2019 were significantly higher than the year before – maize prices had risen by 32 percent; sorghum by 39 percent; teff by 35 percent; and wheat by 2 percent. Moreover, there is anecdotal evidence that nominal cereal prices have increased rapidly since. A number of factors help explain this pattern: Overall inflation has been high both for food and non-food items. This general high inflation is linked to macro factors related to broad money and credit growth; overall changes in prices for inputs, labor, and transport have important impacts on production costs for agricultural products, thereby putting upward pressure on prices. However, controlling for inflation, real prices are close to average real prices over the last ten years, indicating little change in supply relative to demand; seasonality is important in Ethiopian cereal markets, with mostly higher prices in August and September, just before the new Meher harvest comes in. The current (September 2019) high prices for food are partly a seasonal phenomenon; there are no signs of increased real marketing costs. Nonetheless, given their importance for food security, close monitoring and assessments of the functioning of Ethiopia’s food markets remains necessary. |
| Keywords: | ETHIOPIA; EAST AFRICA; AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA; AFRICA; cereals; prices; markets; food prices |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:essprn:73&r=all |
| By: | Andersson, Martin (Department of Economic History, Lund University); Palacio, Andrés (Department of Economic History, Lund University) |
| Abstract: | Latin America has constituted a recent example of inclusive growth by reducing poverty and income inequality simultaneously during the latest commodity boom. Against the backdrop of non-inclusive and non-transformative nature of commodity booms, we ask whether growth of agriculture was able to speed up structural transformation, and, relatedly, if agricultural growth was inclusive. We examine 16 countries for the period 1994-2014 and find that the increase in agricultural productivity is associated with an increase in both non-agricultural employment during the boom. We also find that income per capita growth has been increasing also among the poor, even if the income elasticities are lower in rural than in urban areas. Focusing on the distribution of agricultural income in Brazil and Colombia between 2003 and 2013, we find that any improvement did go through income for the bottom and the intermediate deciles. Furthermore, formal employment was positively connected to the development of agricultural prices, income improvement of the bottom 40 per cent and the quality of manufacturing exports. In other words, the commodity boom, through agricultural growth, increased linkages across sectors. We conclude that the boom is associated with advances in structural change and moderate inclusive growth rather than mere redistribution. |
| Keywords: | agriculture; commodity boom; inclusive growth; Latin America; structural transformation |
| JEL: | O13 O54 |
| Date: | 2019–11–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:luekhi:0208&r=all |
| By: | Shinya TAKAMATSU (Poverty and Equity Global Practice, The World Bank) |
| Abstract: | This paper evaluates the impacts of the 2007-2008 food price crisis, especially price increases of rice, on household welfare and poverty in Laos that is atypical in that glutinous rice is the main staple. With a nationally representative household survey, net sellers and buyers of ordinary and glutinous rice are identified, and consumer and producer price data are analyzed. The study found that the impact of the food price crisis in 2007-2008 was negligible. This is mainly because the role of ordinary rice in sales and purchases in Laos is not as significant as in other Southeast Asian countries. However, with hypothetical higher growth rates for increases of glutinous rice, the change in household welfare for the average Lao household is neutral, but it is positive in rural areas and negative in urban areas. |
| Keywords: | food price crisis, Lao PDR, poverty, household welfare, glutinous rice |
| Date: | 2018–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kcs:wpaper:33&r=all |
| By: | Opata, Patience Ifeyinwa; Ezeibbe, Adaku Briget; Arua, Rosemary Nnedinso |
| Keywords: | Farm Management, Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295894&r=all |
| By: | Ikuemonisan, Edamisan Stephen; Mafimisebi, Taiwo Ejiola; Afibefun, Igbekele Amos |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Consumer/Household Economics |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295866&r=all |
| By: | Fitawek, Wegayehu; Hendriks, Sheryl; Reys, Aurelien; Fossi, Filippo |
| Keywords: | Food Security and Poverty, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295895&r=all |
| By: | Chidiebere-Mark, N.M.; Ejike, R.U.; Ibe, G.O. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295890&r=all |
| By: | Amoabeng-Nimako, Solomon; Nyikal, Rose; Ackello-Ogutu, Chris |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Labor and Human Capital |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295802&r=all |
| By: | Amolegbe, Khadijat Busola; Upton, Joanna; Bageant, Elizabeth; Blom, Sylvia |
| Keywords: | Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295800&r=all |
| By: | Shittu, Adebayo M.; Kehinde, Mojisola O.; Ojo, Olutunji T. |
| Keywords: | Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295944&r=all |
| By: | Joseph, Alulu; Otieno, David Jakinda; Oluoch-Kosura, Willis |
| Keywords: | Industrial Organization, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295739&r=all |
| By: | Maina, Fredah Wangui; Mburu, John; Egelyng, Henrik |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295945&r=all |
| By: | Diagne, Mandiaye; Saito, Kazuki; Diagne, Aliou |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295902&r=all |
| By: | Willy, Daniel Kyalo; Muyanga, Milu; Jayne, Thomas |
| Keywords: | Productivity Analysis, Community/Rural/Urban Development |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295777&r=all |
| By: | Ogunpaimo, Oyinlola Rafiat; Ogbe, Agatha; Edewor, Sarah |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295689&r=all |
| By: | Maina, Fredah Wangui; Mburu, John; Ackello-Ogutu, Chris; Egelyng, Henrik |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295854&r=all |
| By: | Wiredu, Alexander Nimo; Zeller, Manfred; Diagne, Aliou |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295820&r=all |
| By: | Mbembe, Edna Amoit; Otieno, David Jakinda; Nyikal, Rose; Odendo, Martins |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295850&r=all |
| By: | Akinola, A.A.; Oke, J.T.O.; Adesiyan, A.T.; Famuyini, C.A. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295835&r=all |
| By: | Kehinde, M.A.; Kehinde, A.D.; Akinola, A.A. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295768&r=all |
| By: | José de Sousa (Université Paris-Saclay); Anne-Célia Disdier (PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS Paris - École normale supérieure - Paris - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PSE - Paris School of Economics); Carl Gaigné (INRA Rennes - INRA Rennes - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, University of Laval) |
| Abstract: | We show that economic uncertainty in foreign markets affects firms' economic decisions, particularly those of the most productive firms. Using export data at both the industry and firm levels, we uncover two empirical regularities. First, demand uncertainty in foreign markets affects export entry/exit decisions (extensive margin) and export sales (intensive margin). If all destination countries exhibited the lowest volatility observed across destinations, then total French exports would rise by approximately 18% (an increase primarily driven by the extensive margin). Second, the most productive exporters are more affected by a higher industry-wide expenditure volatility than are the least productive exporters. The 25% most productive firms export, on average, 27% more in value than the 25% least productive firms in less volatile markets, while this difference decreases to 12% in the most volatile markets. |
| Keywords: | firm exports,demand uncertainty,expenditure volatility,skewness |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-02332958&r=all |
| By: | Nesbitt, T. Clint |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2019–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao19:296809&r=all |
| By: | Ndegwa, Michael K.; Shee, Apurba; Turvey, Calum G.; You, Liangzhi |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295782&r=all |
| By: | Nalley, Lawton; Anderson, Brooke; Price, Heather; Dalmini, Thula |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295668&r=all |
| By: | Tankari, Mahamadou Roufahi; Glatzel, Katrin; Demmler, Kathrin M. |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295770&r=all |
| By: | Fletcher, Sarah Marie; Lickley, Megan; Strzepek, Kenneth |
| Abstract: | Water resources planning requires making decisions about infrastructure development under substantial uncertainty in future regional climate conditions. However, uncertainty in climate change projections will evolve over the 100-year lifetime of a dam as new climate observations become available. Flexible strategies in which infrastructure is proactively designed to be changed in the future have the potential to meet water supply needs without over-building expensive infrastructure. Evaluating tradeoffs between flexible and traditional robust planning approaches requires extension of current scenario-based paradigms for water resources planning under climate uncertainty which take a static view of uncertainty. We develop a new dynamic planning framework that assesses the potential to learn about regional climate change over time and evaluates flexible approaches. We demonstrate it on a reservoir planning problem in Mombasa, Kenya. This approach identifies opportunities to reliably use flexible, incremental approaches, enabling climate adaptation investments to reach more vulnerable communities with fewer resources. |
| Date: | 2018–09–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:eartha:2tm7x&r=all |
| By: | Prete, Davide Del; Ghins, Leopold; Magrini, Emiliano; Pauw, Karl |
| Keywords: | Land Economics/Use, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295780&r=all |
| By: | Akin-Olagunju, Olaide A.; Yusuf, Sulaiman A.; Falusi, Abiodun O. |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295860&r=all |
| By: | David Naek Martua Siahaan (Master of Applied Economics, Padjadjaran University); Ferry Hadiyanto (Department of Economics, Padjadjaran University) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the demand for fish in Indonesia by estimating how prices, expenditure, and household demographics affect demand based on data from five regions of the country. Data is obtained from the National Socio-Economic Survey of 2014 and analysed using the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) model. The results show that expenditure on fish is elastic at the national and regional levels and it is considered a luxury good. At the national level, the estimated price elasticities show that fish is inelastic in rural and urban areas. Uncompensated cross-price elasticities in rural and urban areas illustrate that fish is a complement to meat and eggs and milk, and vice versa. Compensated cross-price elasticities show that fish is a complement to meat and substitute for eggs and milk. Uncompensated own-price elasticities of fish in five regions are relatively inelastic. Compensated own-price elasticities in most regions are negative, except in Sulawesi and Eastern Indonesia and the uncompensated cross-price elasticities of fish in all regions show that eggs and milk are substitutes for fish. |
| Keywords: | elasticity of demand for fish, QUAIDS, Indonesia |
| JEL: | Q0 |
| Date: | 2019–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unp:wpaper:201907&r=all |
| By: | Margaux Lapierre (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - FRE2010 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier - UM - Université de Montpellier - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique); Alexandre Sauquet (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - FRE2010 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier - UM - Université de Montpellier - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique); Subervie Julie (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - FRE2010 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier - UM - Université de Montpellier - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique) |
| Abstract: | In 2008, the French government announced an important shift in agricultural policy, calling for halving the use of pesticides in the next ten years. Since then, it has spent 40 million euros a year on implementing the so-called Ecophyto plan. In this paper, we evaluate the success of this program, focusing on its flagship scheme, which has provided technical assistance to 3,000 volunteer pilot farms since 2011. To do so, we use panel data collected from a representative sample of vineyards: the agricultural systems known as the largest users of pesticides. We use a slate of quasi-experimental approaches to estimate the impact of participation in the program on pesticide use and crop yields on enrolled vineyards. We find that participants have achieved reductions in pesticide use that ranges from 8 to 22 percent, thanks to the program. We moreover find that the reduction in the use of chemicals was accompanied by an increase in the use of biocontrol products. Finally, we find that this change of practices resulted in a reduction in yields for a fraction of enrolled farms while others seems to have maintained yields. Although below the expectations of the French government, these results seem rather encouraging, as they suggest that technical assistance alone can be effective in reducing significantly pesticide use in the agricultural sector. |
| Keywords: | Treatment effect,Pesticides,Technical assistance,Farming practices |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02190979&r=all |
| By: | Sileshi, Million; Kadigi, Reuben; Mutabazi, Khamaldin; Sieber, Stefan |
| Keywords: | Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295896&r=all |
| By: | Sala, Saada Mohamed; Otieno, David Jakinda; Nzuma, Jonathan; Mureithi, Stephen |
| Keywords: | Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295718&r=all |
| By: | Krapp, Mario (University of Cambridge); Beyer, Robert; Edmundson, Stephen L.; Valdes, Paul J; Manica, Andrea (University of Cambridge) |
| Abstract: | A detailed and accurate reconstruction of past climate is essential in understanding the drivers that have shaped species, including our own, and their habitats. However, spatially-detailed climate reconstructions that continuously cover the Quaternary do not yet exist, mainly because no paleoclimate model can reconstruct regional-scale dynamics over geological time scales. Here we develop a new approach, the Global Climate Model Emulator (GCMET), which reconstructs the climate of the last 800 thousand years with unprecedented spatial detail. GCMET captures the temporal dynamics of glacial-interglacial climates as an Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity would whilst resolving the local dynamics with the accuracy of a Global Climate Model. It provides a new, unique resource to explore the climate of the Quaternary, which we use to investigate the long-term stability of major habitat types. We identify a number of stable pockets of habitat that have remained unchanged over the last 800 thousand years, acting as potential long-term evolutionary refugia. Thus, the highly detailed, comprehensive overview of climatic changes through time delivered by GCMET provides the needed resolution to quantify the role of long term habitat fragmentation in an ecological and anthropological context. |
| Date: | 2019–01–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:eartha:d5hfx&r=all |
| By: | Ayinde, Opeyemi Eyitayo; Mario, Miranda; Adewumi, Matthew Olaniyi |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295938&r=all |
| By: | Ng'ang'a, Stanley Karanja; Jalang'o, Dorcas Anyango; Girvetz, Evan |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295725&r=all |
| By: | Ambali, Omotuyole I.; Areal, Francisco J.; Georgantzis, Nikolaos |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295706&r=all |
| By: | Jean-Michel Salles (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - FRE2010 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier - UM - Université de Montpellier - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique) |
| Abstract: | From an economic perspective, damage and loss valuation aims first at justifying climate change mitigation efforts. But the difficulties related to the heterogeneity of the damage and the time horizon of the impacts make the results very contingent of the computation hypotheses.The debate thus focused on the social cost of carbon, driven by the idea of basing climate change policies on emission pricing. But damage assessment could also be used as a basis for compensating victims. Although the idea of climate justice is struggling to establish the basis for this compensation, international negotiations have begun to lay the groundwork for it through the Warsaw Mechanism, which remains however far from this goal. |
| Abstract: | Dans une perspective économique, l'évaluation des pertes et dommages vise d'abord à justifier les efforts d'atténuation du changement climatique. Mais les difficultés liées à l'hétérogénéité des dommages et l'horizon temporel des impacts rendent les résultats très contingents des hypothèses de calcul. Le débat s'est ainsi focalisé sur le coût social du carbone, porté par l'idée de baser les politiques de lutte contre le changement climatique sur une tarification des émissions. Mais l'évaluation des dommages pourrait aussi servir de base à une compensation des victimes. Même si l'idée d'une justice climatique peine à établir les bases de cette compensation, les négociations internationales ont commencé à en poser des jalons à travers le Mécanisme de Varsovie qui reste cependant loin de cet objectif. |
| Keywords: | eEconomic valuation,Climate change,Compensation,Economic valuation,Loss and damage,Social cost of carbon,coût social du carbone,pertes et préjudices,évaluation économique,changement climatique |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-02131892&r=all |
| By: | Tillie, Pascal; Louhichi, Kamel; Gomez-Y-Paloma, Sergio |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295857&r=all |
| By: | Ibe, Rebecca; Rahji, Mohammed; Adeoti, Adetola; Adenegan, Kemisola |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295891&r=all |
| By: | Habiyaremye, Naphtal; Ochieng, Justus; Heckelei, Thomas |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295750&r=all |
| By: | Ekemini, Richard-Mbossoh; Ayanwale, Adeolu Babatunde; Adelegan, Janet Olatundun |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Crop Production/Industries |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaae19:295796&r=all |