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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2019‒10‒21
24 papers chosen by |
| By: | Gupta, Apoorv; Ponticelli, Jacopo; Tesei, Andrea |
| Abstract: | Farmers in developing countries often lack access to timely and reliable information about modern technologies that are essential to improve agricultural productivity. The recent diffusion of mobile phones has the potential to overcome these barriers by making information available to those previously unconnected. In this paper we study the effect of mobile phone network expansion in rural India on adoption of high yielding variety seeds and chemical fertilizers. Our empirical strategy exploits geographical variation in the construction of mobile phone towers under a large government program targeting areas without existing coverage. To explore the role of mobile phones in mitigating information frictions we analyze the content of 1.4 million phone calls made by farmers to a major call center for agricultural advice. Farmers seek advice on which seed varieties and fertilizers better meet their needs and how to use them. We find that areas receiving mobile phone coverage experience higher adoption of these technologies. We also observe that farmers are often unaware of the eligibility criteria and loan terms offered by subsidized credit programs. Consistently, we find that areas receiving mobile phone coverage experience higher take-up of agricultural credit. |
| Keywords: | agriculture; Credit Card; HYV Seeds; India |
| JEL: | E51 G21 Q16 |
| Date: | 2019–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:13956&r=all |
| By: | Belot, Michèle (European University Institute); James, Jonathan (University of Bath); Vecchi, Martina (University of Bath); Vitt, Nicolai (Pennsylvania State University) |
| Abstract: | We investigate whether short-term everyday stressors leads to unhealthier dietary choices among low socioeconomic status mothers. We propose a novel stress protocol that aims to mimic everyday stressors experienced by this population, involving time and financial pressure. We evaluate the impact of stress on immediate and planned food choices, comparing a group exposed to our stress protocol relative to a control group. Immediate consumption is measured with in-laboratory consumption of low calorie and high calorie snacks; planned consumption is measured with an incentivized food shopping task. The stressfulness of the stress protocol is evaluated using subjective assessments, as well as physiological measurements (heart rate and salivary cortisol levels). We find no evidence of an effect of stress on the nutritional content of immediate or planned food consumption, thus no support for the hypothesis that everyday stressors are a likely explanation for unhealthy food choices. |
| Keywords: | diet, acute stress, everyday stressors, lab experiment |
| JEL: | I12 D91 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12674&r=all |
| By: | Macchiavello, Rocco; Miquel-Florensa, Josepa |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the Sustainable Quality Program in Colombia - a quality upgrading program implemented on behalf of a multinational coffee buyer. The Program is a bundle of contractual arrangements involving farmers, intermediaries, exporters and the multinational buyer. We tackle three questions. First, we investigate the impact of the Program on the supply of quality coffee. Eligible farmers upgraded their plantations, expanded land under coffee cultivation, increased quality and received higher farm gate prices. Second, we quantify how the Program gains are shared between farmers and intermediaries along the chain. In regions in which the Program was rolled out surplus along the chain increased by 30%. Eligible farmers kept at least half of the gains and their welfare increased by 20%. Finally, we examine how the Program works conducting counterfactual exercises and comparing the Program price premia along the chain against two prominent non-buyer driven certifications. The Program achieved a better transmission of the export gate price premium for quality to the farm gate and curbed market failures that stifled quality upgrading. Contractual arrangements at the export gate significantly contributed to higher farmers welfare in rural areas. |
| Keywords: | BuyerDriven Supply Chain; Contracts; market structure; Quality upgrading; voluntary standards |
| JEL: | L23 O12 Q12 Q13 |
| Date: | 2019–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:13935&r=all |
| By: | Jerzy Bie?kowski (Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences); Rafa? Baum (University of Life Sciences in Pozna?); Ma?gorzata Holka (Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences) |
| Abstract: | In the mitigation policy, agricultural activities are gaining growing importance. International and national regulations require the use of sustainable production methods. This means that the attention focused on the current recommendations shifts from a set of minimum requirements to recognize environmental effects throughout the life cycle of products. Farming and food production are also expected to comply with the second pillar of sustainability which is related to the economic aspects of production. Important operational dimension of sustainability assessment is a concept of eco-efficiency, which is defined as creating more value or generating less cost with less environmental impact. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC) are appropriate methodologies to investigate the eco-efficiency of production systems within the life cycle. The aim of the study was to perform the comparative analysis of cash crop production in different farming types by applying the LCA and LCC methods. Carbon Footprint (CF) was applied as a single most important measure of environmental impact of production. The study was conducted in 69 farms, located in the Wielkopolska and Lubelskie regions (Poland) during the period 2017-2018. The analysed farms represented key agricultural activities, according to the classification of the EU: a) milk production, b) pig production, c) field crops, d) mixed livestock production (pig and milk). The chosen types of production are represented by the largest number of farms in Poland. The selection of the study group, according to the set criteria, were based on the information of Wielkopolski and Lubelski Agricultural Advisory Centres. The LCA and LCC analysis were carried out in similar phases corresponding to LCA standard: goal and scope definition, environmental life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment and interpretation. In winter rape production average value of CF was equal to 1003 kg CO2 eq per 1 tonne of grain (functional unit). The highest value of CF was observed in milk farming in Wielkopolska region of 1254 kg CO2 eq. Average aggregated cost of production related to the functional unit was 1084 PLN, with the highest value of 1222 PLN found in the pig farming in Lubelski region. Preproduction phases linked with the direct inputs levels contributed mostly to a high overall cost of rape production in pig farming and to the CF value of winter rape in farms specialised in milk production. *This work is a part of a research project No. 2016/21/B/HS4/01963 financed by the National Science Centre, Poland. |
| Keywords: | sustainability, eco-efficiency, environmental impact, carbon footprint, LCA, LCC, winter rape |
| JEL: | Q01 Q10 Q57 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:9811986&r=all |
| By: | Margaux Lapierre (INRA — CEEM); Alexandre Sauquet (INRA — CEEM); Julie Subervie (INRA — CEEM) |
| Abstract: | In 2008, the French government announced an important shift in agricultural policy, calling for halving the use of pesticides in the next ten years. Since then, it has spent 40 million euros a year on implementing the so-called Ecophyto plan. In this paper, we evaluate the success of this program, focusing on its flagship scheme, which has provided technical assistance to 3,000 volunteer pilot farms since 2011. To do so, we use panel data collected from a representative sample of vineyards: the agricultural systems known as the largest users of pesticides. We use a slate of quasi-experimental approaches to estimate the impact of participation in the program on pesticide use and crop yields on enrolled vineyards. We find that participants have achieved reductions in pesticide use that ranges from 8 to 22 percent, thanks to the program. We moreover find that the reduction in the use of chemicals was accompanied by an increase in the use of biocontrol products. Finally, we find that this change of practices resulted in a reduction in yields for a fraction of enrolled farms while others seems to have maintained yields. Although below the expectations of the French government, these results seem rather encouraging, as they suggest that technical assistance alone can be effective in reducing significantly pesticide use in the agricultural sector. |
| Keywords: | Technical assistance, Farming practices, Pesticides, Treatment effect |
| JEL: | Q15 Q18 Q25 Q28 Q53 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fae:wpaper:2019.19&r=all |
| By: | John Cockburn; Martin Henseler; Hélène Maisonnave; Luca Tiberti (Université Laval) |
| Abstract: | This special issue contributes to the natural resource economics literature by shining a light on the specific challenges and opportunities faced by developing countries that have recently become dependent on natural resources or are particularly exposed to climate change. It is composed of five studies on countries from all regions of the developing world, involving a variety of natural resources and policy issues. Four of the five studies illustrate how computable general equilibrium models are particularly well-suited, despite their relatively limited past use, to the analysis of natural resources. All five studies are led by researchers based in these countries, providing unique insights into the specific local context. The studies underscore the extreme vulnerability that the introduction of significant natural resource revenues and climate change can create in developing countries. They also show how the choice of appropriate policies to avoid the resource curse varies according to country-specific economic conditions. |
| Keywords: | resource curse,Developing countries,economic growth,natural resources |
| Date: | 2018–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02313304&r=all |
| By: | Pervez Wahab |
| Abstract: | "Indian agricultural sector still depended mostly on monsoons. The erratic and uneven distribution of monsoon rains continued unpredictability and hence farmers exposure to risk and uncertainty. In this scenario of high risk and uncertainty of rain fed agriculture, allocating risk is an important aspect of decision making to farmers. About 70% population of our country depends on agriculture but Indian agriculture depends on monsoon. It leads to operating risk in cultivation of different crops. To cover the risk which may occur in future there is need to some provision. Crop Insurance scheme is the only mechanism available to safeguard against production risk in agriculture. In this research paper I am trying to give focus on Agriculture Insurance scheme in India as well as Agriculture Insurance companies. With the passing of Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) Act 1999 Indian insurance sector opened to a healthy competition by entry of new private insurers into insurance business hitherto the area of public sector. Insurance penetration (premium as % of GDP) in India was merely 1.93% showing 0.54% and 1.39% in nonlife and life insurance sectors respectively, which is far below from the 16.54%, 13.35%, 11.28% & 11.17% of South Africa, South Korea, Japan & UK respectively (table 1). Being an agrarian economy, there are immense opportunities in agricultural/rural insurance in India. The new areas like weather insurance, rainfall insurance and cyclone insurance give scope even for new private insurers and reinsures to exploit the opportunities in the niche areas." Key Words: Crop Insurance, Agriculture, Population, Insurance Companies Policy |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vor:issues:2019-31-08&r=all |
| By: | Ivana Fellini (Dipartimento di Sociologia e Ricerca Sociale, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca); Raffaele Guetto (Dipartimento di Statistica, Informatica, Applicazioni "G. Parenti", Università di Firenze) |
| Abstract: | Improved legal status has been found to be associated with better employment chances and higher wages for immigrants, although causal effects remain difficult to ascertain due to severe endogeneity issues. This article contributes to the debate on the "citizenship/legal status premium" in the labour market by providing quasi-experimental evidence based on the 2007 EU Eastern Enlargement, following which immigrants from Romania and Bulgaria, the new EU Member States, exogenously acquired the EU citizen status. The article also contributes to the literature on legal status effects, mainly focused on single-country studies, by comparing "older" destination countries of Western Europe with "newer" ones of Southern Europe. Results show that while improved legal status is associated to higher employment rates in Western European countries, the association is null or even negative in Southern European countries, where immigrants are more strongly urged to be employed. However, improved legal status is more strongly associated with better job quality in Southern Europe, where immigrants are usually segregated in low-skilled jobs. The article concludes that possible effects of improved legal status should be interpreted taking into account the different institutional contexts and models of immigrants’ labour market incorporation. |
| Keywords: | Legal Status; Ethnic penalty; EU enlargement; Labour market; Naturalisation; Southern Europe; Quasi-experiment |
| JEL: | A14 J61 J21 Z13 C10 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fir:econom:wp2019_11&r=all |
| By: | Amy J. Pickering; Clair Null; Peter J. Winch; Goldberg Mangwadu; Benjamin F. Arnold; Andrew J. Prendergast; Sammy M. Njenga; Mahbubur Rahman; Robert Ntozini; Jade Benjamin-Chung; Christine P. Stewart; Tarique M. N. Huda; Lawrence H. Moulton; John M. Colford; Jr.; Stephen P. Luby; Jean H. Humphrey |
| Abstract: | Child stunting is a global problem and is only modestly responsive to dietary interventions. Numerous observational studies have shown that water quality, sanitation, and handwashing (WASH) in a household are strongly associated with linear growth of children living in the same household. |
| Keywords: | Child stunting, dietary interventions, water quality, sanitation, handwashing, WASH |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:37b35d4ae1c64f539a435dd51b9bc936&r=all |
| By: | Islam, Asadul (Monash University); Ushchev, Philip (HSE); Zenou, Yves (Monash University); Zhang, Xin (Beijing Normal University) |
| Abstract: | We develop a theoretical model in which technology adoption decisions are based on the information received from others about the quality of a new technology and on their risk attitudes. We test the predictions of this model using a randomized field experiment in Bangladesh. We show that the share of treated farmers who receive better training in System of Rice Intensification (SRI) technology have a high positive impact on the adoption rate of untreated farmers. We also find that untreated farmers who are more risk-averse tend to adopt the technology less and are less influenced by their treated peers. Finally, a trained farmer's impact on his untrained peers increases if he himself adopts SRI technology. Our results indicate that the crucial determinants of technology adoption for untreated farmers are the accuracy and reliability of information transmission about the quality of the technology circulated among farmers as well as their degree of risk aversion. |
| Keywords: | Bayesian model, technology adoption, peers, risk attitude, RCT, Bangladesh |
| JEL: | O13 Z13 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12672&r=all |
| By: | Ya?ar Selman Gültekin (Duzce University); P?nar Gültekin (Düzce University) |
| Abstract: | In this study, forests in Düzce countryside, camping, picnic, hiking, orientring and so on. A questionnaire was applied to measure the contribution of the families participating in the activities to the physical and psychological development of their children, good parenting. Within the scope of the study, interviews were conducted with 82 families who participated in these activities and the survey results were analyzed in SPSS 22.0 Program. Frequency and percentage, average and one-way analysis of variance were applied. Children of families who spend time with their children in the nature, experience and participate in activities are defined as healthier, more socially, more successful and happier in their classes than children of non-participating families. |
| Keywords: | Family support, good parenting, forest, outdoor recreation |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:9811901&r=all |
| By: | Jasmien De Winne; Gert Peersman |
| Abstract: | Studies that examine the impact of food prices on conflict usually assume that (all) changes in international food prices are exogenous shocks for individual countries or local areas. By isolating strictly exogenous shifts in global food commodity prices, we show that this assumption could seriously distort estimations of the impact on conflict in African regions. Specifically, we show that increases in food prices that are caused by harvest shocks outside Africa raise conflict significantly, whereas a “naive” regression of conflict on international food prices uncovers an inverse relationship. We also find that higher food prices lead to more conflict in regions with more agricultural production. Again, we document that failing to account for exogenous price changes exhibits a considerable bias in the impact. In addition, we show that the conventional approach to evaluate such effects; that is, estimations that include time fixed effects, ignores an important positive baseline effect that is common for all regions. |
| Keywords: | conflict, food prices, instrumental variables |
| JEL: | C23 D74 F44 Q11 Q34 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_7864&r=all |
| By: | Giuntella, Osea (University of Pittsburgh); Rieger, Matthias (ISS, Erasmus University Rotterdam); Rotunno, Lorenzo (Aix-Marseille University) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we investigate the effects of trade in foods on obesity in Mexico. To do so, we match data on Mexican food imports from the U.S. with anthropometric and food expenditure data. Our findings suggest that exposure to food imports from the U.S. can explain up to twenty percent of the rise in obesity prevalence among Mexican women between 1988 and 2012. Pro-obesity effects are driven by areas more exposed to unhealthy food imports. We also find evidence in favour of a price mechanism. By linking trade flows to obesity, the paper sheds light on an important channel through which globalisation may affect health. |
| Keywords: | trade, obesity, nutrition transition, Mexico |
| JEL: | I10 I12 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12677&r=all |
| By: | Syed Abul, Basher; Alfred A, Haug; Perry, Sadorsky |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the impact of economic policy uncertainty shocks and shocks to commodity prices on the realized stock market volatility of the CARB (Canada, Australia, Russia, and Brazil) countries. The CARB countries are important countries to study because they are major commodity exporters. The analysis is conducted using sign restricted impulse response functions (IRFs) and structural vector-autoregressive IRFs. There are some common results across the CARB countries. A positive shock to commodity prices lowers realized stock market volatility while a shock to economic policy uncertainty has a significant positive impact on realized stock market volatility. The magnitudes of the initial impact of these two shocks are similar. Shocks to global economic activity and short-term interest rates lower realized stock market volatility. The impacts of these shocks are more pronounced in models that use sign restrictions. These results have implications for investors and policy makers. |
| Keywords: | Economic policy uncertainty; commodity prices; stock market volatility, sign restricted VAR. |
| JEL: | E60 G15 G18 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:96577&r=all |
| By: | Fontaine, Francois; Martin, Julien; Mejean, Isabelle |
| Abstract: | We study the cross-sectional dispersion of prices paid by EMU importers for French products. We document a significant level of price dispersion both within product categories across exporters, and within exporters across buyers. This latter source of price discrepancies, sellers' price discrimination across buyers, is indicative of deviations from the law-of-one price. Price discrimination (i) is substantial within the EU, within the euro area, and within EMU countries; (ii) has not decreased over the last two decades; (iii) is more prevalent among the largest firms and for more differentiated products; (iv) is lower among retailers and wholesalers; (v) is also observed within almost perfectly homogenous product categories, which suggests that a non-negligible share of price discrimination is triggered by heterogeneous markups rather than quality or composition effects. We then estimate a rich statistical decomposition of the variance of prices to shed light on exporters' pricing strategies. |
| Date: | 2019–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:13960&r=all |
| By: | Jean-Philippe Terreaux (UR ETBX - Environnement, territoires et infrastructures - IRSTEA - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture); Mabel Tidball (CEE-M - Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - FRE2010 - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - UM - Université de Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier) |
| Abstract: | The notion of drought is most often associated with the aridity of landscapes andvegetation. But a green landscape can hide a frequent imbalance between wateravailability and the quantity necessary to maintain rivers in a suitable state, tosatisfy different water needs. This is the case, for example, in the French regioncalled New Aquitaine. Regularly, "drought" crisis committees are set up there tolimit water use through administrative constraints, which is technically difficultand costly for many, and with an overall unsatisfactory situation from rural areas tothe coast. But in summer, water consumption is mainly due to irrigation. Somewater resource managers have consequently set up an original non-linear waterpricing system for irrigation to achieve several objectives: above all, to limit waterconsumption in order to respect a minimum flow rate in rivers, to anticipate watersupply-demand imbalances before agricultural plantations are made, to allocatewater to the users who value it best, to recover water supply costs, to be transparentand sufficiently simple in its application to be acceptable. In this chapter, wepropose to describe one of such original pricing systems, as well as some of its mainmathematical properties and its practical interests |
| Keywords: | drought,irrigation,nonlinear pricing,environment,mathematical economics |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-02283100&r=all |
| By: | Mónica Jiménez-Martínez; Maribel Jiménez-Martínez |
| Keywords: | young people; PROGRESAR; job quality; labor transitions; difference in difference. jóvenes; PROGRESAR; calidad del empleo; transiciones laborales; diferenciasen diferencias. |
| JEL: | J42 J3 J58 J6 C14 |
| Date: | 2019–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000418:017540&r=all |
| By: | Isaksen, Elisabeth Thuestad; Richter, Andries |
| Abstract: | Do private property rights mitigate overexploitation of common pool resources, and if so, under which circumstances? In this paper, we examine the effects of private property rights on the status of marine fisheries by combining data on ecological, economic and institutional characteristics into a panel data set, spanning over 50 years, 170 exclusive economic zones and 800 species. To address the inherent endogeneity problem of policy implementation, we employ both a difference- in-differences (DiD) and instrumental variable (IV) strategy. Results from both estimations suggest that property rights lower the probability of a fish stock collapsing, but the effect varies with country and species characteristics. Specifically, we find evidence suggesting that property rights are more effective when ownership is transferable, the general level of ownership protection is strong, trade openness is high, the regenerative capacity of the resource is high, and the species value is high. |
| JEL: | C33 Q22 Q28 |
| Date: | 2018–10–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:90606&r=all |
| By: | Mejía, Daniel; Vargas, Juan F.; Prem, Mounu |
| Abstract: | Well-intended policies often have negative unintended consequences if they fail to foresee the different ways in which individuals may respond to the new set of incentives. When widespread and persistent, these may lead to a net reduction of social welfare. Focusing on the case of anti-drug policies, in this paper we show that the recent unprecedented surge in the growing of illicit coca crops in Colombia was the result of a naive and untimely policy announcement during peace negotiations between the government and the FARC guerrillas. On May 2014, the parties’ peace delegations issued a press release announcing that coca-growing farmers would receive material incentives for voluntary crop substitution once a final agreement had been reached. To evaluate the anticipation effect of this announcement we exploit the cross sectional variation on both the cost advantage of growing coca (using an ecological measure of coca suitability) and the expected benefits of doing so (using a predicted measure of where the material benefits would have been targeted). Coca plantations levels remained high even after the implementation of the announced incentives’ scheme. We explain this persistence by documenting that the surge in coca growing is differentially higher in areas with presence illegal armed groups, that benefited financially from availability of a key input in the drug trade. |
| Keywords: | Coca growing; Drug war; Anticipation effects; Policy announcement; Colombia |
| JEL: | K42 D78 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rie:riecdt:17&r=all |
| By: | Liu, Yan (Beijing Institute of Technology); Chen, Xi (Yale University); Yan, Zhijun (Beijing Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | While adverse health effects of ambient air pollution have been well documented, there is scarce evidence on the impact of household air pollution (HAP) on mental health. We investigated the causal link between HAP exposure from the use of solid fuel on depressive symptoms using a nationally representative dataset of middle-aged and older population in China. Employing the propensity match score method (PSM), matching and adjusting for potential confounders, we found significantly higher Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score and risk of depressive symptoms among solid fuel users than clean fuel users. These associations were especially stronger for older females who were less educated, of lower income, of higher body mass index, or had chronic diseases. |
| Keywords: | depression, household solid fuel use, household air pollution, propensity score matching, CHARLS |
| JEL: | I31 Q51 Q53 |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12654&r=all |
| By: | Huong Thi Thu Tran (Crawford School of Economics & Government, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia); Kaliappa Kalirajan |
| Abstract: | Understanding the determinants of Environmental goods (EGs) trade is imperative for trade promotion and environmental protection. As the impacts of the determinants differ among EGs subgroups and countries, examining these determinants for each subgroup is necessary for policy recommendations. Export performances measured in terms of export efficiency using the stochastic frontier gravity model and data from APEC from 2007 to 2014 suggest that, albeit, the efforts in tariff reduction of APEC, do not appear to have reduced the constraints to increasing export efficiency of EGs trade over the period of analysis. Through the APEC regional cooperation, there is an urgent need to transfer technology in EGs to those countries with poor export efficiency from those countries enjoying the high level of realization of export efficiency including Japan, USA, China, and Canada. |
| JEL: | F14 F15 Q56 R11 |
| Date: | 2018–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:ccepwp:1806&r=all |
| By: | Beine, Michel (University of Luxembourg); Jeusette, Lionel (University of Luxembourg) |
| Abstract: | Recent surveys of the literature on climate change and migration emphasize the important diversity of outcomes and approaches of the empirical studies. In this paper, we conduct a meta-analysis in order to investigate the role of the methodological choices of these empirical studies in finding some particular results concerning the role of climatic factors as drivers of human mobility. We code 51 papers representative of the literature in terms of methodological approaches. This results in the coding of more than 85 variables capturing the methodology of the main dimensions of the analysis at the regression level. These dimensions include authors' reputation, type of mobility, measures of mobility, type of data, context of the study, econometric methods and last but not least measures of the climatic factors. We look at the influence of these characteristics on the probability of finding any effect of climate change, of finding a displacement effect, of finding an increase in immobility and of finding evidence in favour of a direct versus an indirect effect. Our results highlight the role of some important methodological choices, such as the frequency of the data on mobility, the level of development, the measures of human mobility and of the climatic factors as well as the econometric methodology. |
| Keywords: | climate change, human mobility, econometric regressions, meta-analysis, natural disasters |
| JEL: | C83 F22 Q54 |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12639&r=all |
| By: | Paulina Rytkönen |
| Abstract: | Before the new world became a concept related to the upswing of wines from Australia, Latin Amer- ica, New Zealand, South Africa and the United States, occasionally, wines from these countries could be sold in countries like Sweden. One such point in time was during WWII, when importing wines from Europe became impossible and a very short window of trade opened-up between Argentina, Chile and Sweden. This paper partially describes this story, based on the scarce sources found at the archive of the former Museum of Wines and Spirits in Stockholm. The purpose of the paper is to shed light on the amount of wine imports from Argentina and Chile during the trade window between Swe- den, Argentina and Chile caused by WWII. Some sources analyzed are sales statistics of the Swedish wholesale and import monopoly Aktiebolaget Vin & Spritcentralen, price lists of the regional alcohol monopoly in Stockholm (Stockholmssystemet) and by analyzing the labels of the wines found in the archive. Some of the questions to be answered are: How much wine from Argentina and Chile was sold during the studied period? Who were the exporters? Why was this trade window opened and closed? |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Marketing |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aawewp:294129&r=all |
| By: | Helene Maisonnave (ULH - Université Le Havre Normandie - NU - Normandie Université); Ramos Mabugu; Margaret Chitiga; Véronique Robichaud |
| Date: | 2019–10–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02314226&r=all |