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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2019‒09‒09
79 papers chosen by |
| By: | Buschmann, Christoph; Röder, Norbert |
| Abstract: | Growing evidence suggests that biodiversity in the agricultural landscape is declining sharply. Farmland birds are particularly affected, the population of the lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) has been decreasing strongly in Germany. Up to now the European Union has tried to tackle the problem of biodiversity loss mainly with voluntary (second pillar) agri-environmental schemes financed by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD). However, only a small fraction of the agricultural land is enrolled in such programs. We analyze a potential scheme to protect the lapwing in order to identify drivers and inhibitors of acceptance. The analysis is based on a discrete choice experiment with 270 arable farmers in Germany. Results show that those scheme attributes associated with EAFRD compliance, the type of sanctioning and a minimum participation period of five years, particularly reduce the farmers’ acceptance. Results for other attributes indicate that farmers’ preferences and ecological requirements often contradict each other, so that they constitute an economic-ecological trade-off. Finally, the paper sketches how the identified weak spots of biodiversity protection schemes may be tackled under a different regime of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Here, we take up the current CAP reform proposals of the European Commission. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292288&r=all |
| By: | Ma?gorzata Holka (Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences); Jerzy Bie?kowski (Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences) |
| Abstract: | Crop production induces emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and other harmful substances to the environment. In view of the environmental protection, it is essential to find solutions for reducing the negative impacts of crop cultivation. Currently, no-tillage systems are becoming more and more popular in grain maize production due to their economic and environmental benefits. The aim of the study was to assess the environmental impact of grain maize production in different soil tillage systems. The study was conducted in 20 farms, located in the Wielkopolska voivodship (Poland), during the period 2015-2017. The cultivation of grain maize in three soil tillage systems: traditional tillage, reduced tillage and direct sowing was analyzed. Data included field characteristics, type and duration of technological operations and agricultural production inputs: seeds, fertilizers, plant protection products, fuel, engine fuel, lubricants, agricultural machinery. Assessment was performed according to the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. LCA was carried out from "cradle-to farm gate", i.e. from the manufacturing of means of production through to the process of crop cultivation and harvesting. Results analysis have been referenced to functional unit of 1 ha of grain maize cultivation. The following impact category indicators have been calculated: the global warming potential, the eutrophication potential, the acidification potential, the photochemical ozone creation potential and the abiotic resources depletion potential. The carbon sequestration potential associated with maize cultivation in each tillage system was estimated. The values of impact category indicators, especially in the case of global warming potential, acidification potential and eutrophication potential depended mainly on fertilization. GHG emissions from processes of soil cultivation and sowing of grain maize were largest in traditional tillage mainly due to larger fuel consumption and use of agricultural machinery in comparison to reduced tillage and direct sowing. In grain maize cultivation, carbon inputs to soil from the applied natural fertilizers and plant residues ploughed in lead to increased soil carbon sequestration and contribute to reductions in GHG emissions.The study was carried out in the frame of the research project funded by the National Science Centre, Poland. Project No. 2015/19/N/HS4/03031. Project tittle: Environmental life cycle assessment and life cycle costing of grain crop production in different soil tillage systems. |
| Keywords: | grain maize, soil tillage systems, environmental impact, life cycle assessment, impact category indicators |
| JEL: | Q54 Q57 |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211579&r=all |
| By: | Addo, Felicity; Salhofer, Klaus |
| Abstract: | In the last two decades, the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union (EU) has experienced significant changes which has created a highly competitive market in which farmers operate. This is particularly challenging for countries with small-scaled agriculture like Austria, requiring farms to significantly improve technical efficiency in order to be competitive. In this paper, we apply a four-error component model to decompose technical efficiency into persistent inefficiency, which captures long run effects of farm management, and transient inefficiency, which accounts for how farms adjust to short run production shocks, while controlling for farm heterogeneity and a random error. We extend this model to include exogenous determinants for both types technical inefficiency. To do so, we estimate a translog stochastic production function for a panel of 231 Austrian crop farms for the period 2003-2016. We observe that though transient and persistent efficiency are similar on average, persistent efficiency is much more dispersed suggesting that persistent technical inefficiency poses a greater problem for Austrian crop farms than the transient component. Overall technical efficiency is estimated at 89%. Regarding persistent technical efficiency, we find that full time farms and medium to large scale farms are more efficient. However, we observe that older farmers and farms that employ a high proportion of family labour are less persistently efficient. With regards to transient technical efficiency, we find that farms that cultivate more on their own land are less transiently efficient compared to farms on rented land. Lastly, we observe that farm subsidies in general negatively affects both types of efficiency. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Production Economics, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292287&r=all |
| By: | Michael Carter; Rachid Laajaj; Dean Yang |
| Abstract: | The Green Revolution bolstered agricultural yields and rural well-being in Asia and Latin America, but bypassed sub-Saharan Africa. We study the first randomized controlled trial of a government-implemented input subsidy program (ISP) in Africa. A temporary subsidy for Mozambican maize farmers stimulates Green Revolution technology adoption and leads to increased maize yields. Effects of the subsidy persist in later unsubsidized years. In addition, social networks of subsidized farmers benefit from spillovers, experiencing increases in technology adoption, yields, and beliefs about the returns to the technologies. Spillovers account for the vast majority of subsidy-induced gains. ISPs alleviate informational market failures, stimulating learning about new technologies by subsidy recipients and their social networks |
| JEL: | O12 O33 O55 Q12 |
| Date: | 2019–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:26208&r=all |
| By: | Flaig, Dorothee; Boysen-Urban, Kirsten |
| Abstract: | Domestic support to agriculture constitutes an important part of European Union (EU) policies. With trade and especially in the framework of global value chains (GVCs) the question arises as to what extend each part of the value chain benefits from a subsidy. We track subsidy flows by combining techniques of value added decomposition originating from GVC analysis with detailed agricultural domestic support data for the EU. This allows us not only to track subsidy flows inside the EU, but also those that are incorporated in exports to the rest of the world. EU domestic support is often blamed to hurt African farmers. To get an idea on the importance of this argument from the demand side, we analyse the contribution of European agricultural domestic support for final demand in African countries. Results show that EU subsidies are “traded” substantially within the EU, but an unneglectable share is also captured by non-EU countries. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292300&r=all |
| By: | Kim, GwanSeon; Mark, Tyler B. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290733&r=all |
| By: | Chanda, Areendam; Cook, Justin |
| Abstract: | On November 8, 2016, the Indian government abruptly demonetized 86% of its currency in circulation in an attempt to reduce black money, corruption, and counterfeiting. Yet, 99% of the currency was eventually returned to banks. We exploit large regional variations in deposit growth as a result of demonetization to study the medium-term effects of this policy. Using night-light data, we show that districts which experienced higher deposit growth during the demonetization period recorded higher levels of economic activity in the year and a half that followed. We estimate a one standard deviation increase in deposits is associated with a 5% increase in district GDP per capita. Further, districts with larger rural population, agricultural and non-agricultural informal labor shares also recorded an increase in nighttime light activity. The results are also supported by household-level surveys on income and expenditures. |
| Keywords: | Demonetization, Regional Economic Growth, Monetary Policy, Indian Economy, Difference in Difference, Informal Economy, Agriculture, Credit |
| JEL: | E21 E26 E51 E65 O11 O13 O16 O17 O18 O5 |
| Date: | 2019–08–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:95762&r=all |
| By: | Uthes, Sandra; Herrera, Beatriz |
| Abstract: | There is a growing demand in the last years for farm-level sustainability data reflected in various initiatives from farmers, science and food or related industries. The broad aim to develop viable food production systems, through supporting the sustainable management of natural resources and climate action and to strive for more balanced territorial development are core values within the EU and are reflected in the changing Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). The CAP is one of the key drives of agricultural practice across the EU, it has become more oriented towards the concepts of sustainability reflecting these higher order objectives. The EU operates a farm-level monitoring system, the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), which acts as a check to establish if such successful change is being achieved, currently the primary focus is on the economic dimension of sustainability. This article uses an FADN farm sample for which both FADN and additional sustainability data were available form a data collection carried out by the EU-project FLINT. In particular, we compare the relationship between input intensity, efficiency and sustainability. Sustainability performance of the farms is compared by applying sustainability thresholds as identified in a literature survey. The farms were grouped according to their degree of efficiency and sustainability and possible relationships with farm characteristics are analysed. Based on farm benchmarking, around one half of the farms was observed to be neither efficient nor sustainable, while 15% met our criteria for being classified as efficient and sustainable. The results of our study are not representative but illustrative and can be a starting point for further analyses in this field. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Farm Management, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–09–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292342&r=all |
| By: | Ni, Yuanming (Dept. of Business and Management Science, Norwegian School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | More and more fishery researchers begin to acknowledge that one-dimensional biomass models may omit key information when generating management guidelines. For the more complicated age-structured models, numerous parameters require a proper estimation or a reasonable assumption. In this paper, the effects of recruitment patterns and environmental impacts on the optimal exploitation of a fish population are investigated. Based on a discrete-time age-structured bioeconomic model of Northeast Atlantic mackerel, we introduce the mechanisms that generate 6 scenarios of the problem. Using the simplest scenario, optimizations are conducted under 8 different parameter combinations. Then, the problem is solved for each scenario and simulations are conducted with constant fishing mortalities. It is found that a higher environmental volatility leads to more net profits but with a lower probability of achieving the mean values. Any parameter combination that favours the older fish tends to lend itself to pulse fishing pattern. The simulations indicate that a constant fishing mortality around 0.06 performs the best. A comparison between the optimal and the historical harvest shows that for more than 70% of the time, the optimal exploitation precedes the historical one, leading to 43% higher net profit and 34% lower fishing cost. |
| Keywords: | Age-structured; bioeconomic; recruitment; optimization |
| JEL: | C44 C61 Q00 Q20 Q22 Q50 |
| Date: | 2019–09–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nhhfms:2019_004&r=all |
| By: | Buchholz, Matthias; Mußhoff, Oliver; Peth, Denise |
| Abstract: | Pesticides are an important input in modern agriculture. However, intensive use of pesticides is also related to adverse effects on the environment and human health. While implementation of pesticide taxes with the intent to reduce pesticide applications has been widely discussed, green nudges are considered as innovative policy tools to foster environmental friendly behaviour. To date, little is known about the effects of these policy tools at the farm level. With this in mind, we use a business management game to investigate how a pesticide tax and a green nudge affect crop, tillage and pesticide decisions for a ‘virtual’ farm. Results from a sample of German agricultural students reveal that both policies are able to reduce the amount of pesticides applied. However, implementation of the pesticide tax also involves a substantial profit loss. Unlike in the green nudge treatment, participants under pesticide tax adjust their cropping and tillage strategies which could involve unintended ecological effects. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292279&r=all |
| By: | Gabriel K. Innes; Pranay R. Randad; Anton Korinek; Meghan F. Davis; Lance B. Price; Anthony D. So; Christopher D. Heaney |
| Abstract: | Antimicrobial use in animal agriculture contributes to antimicrobial resistance in humans, which imposes significant health and economic costs on society. These costs are negative externalities. We review the relevant literature and develop a model to quantify the external costs of antimicrobial use in animal agriculture on antimicrobial resistance in humans. Parameters required for this estimate include: 1) the health and economic burden of antimicrobial resistance in humans, 2) the impact of antimicrobial use in animal agriculture on antimicrobial resistance in animals, 3) the fraction of antimicrobial resistance in humans attributable to animal agriculture, and 4) antimicrobial use in animals. We use a well-documented historic case to estimate an externality cost of about $1500 per kilogram of fluoroquinolones administered in US broiler chicken production. Enhanced data collection, particularly on parameters 3) and 4), would be highly useful to quantify more fully the externalities of antimicrobial use in animal agriculture. |
| JEL: | H23 I1 I15 I18 Q18 |
| Date: | 2019–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:26189&r=all |
| By: | Ray, Srabashi |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290897&r=all |
| By: | Melstrom, Richard T. |
| Keywords: | Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291086&r=all |
| By: | Fufa Eticha Gafesa (University of Udine, Italy, Master Degree in Coffee Science and Economics by IllyCafe, Italy) |
| Abstract: | Ethiopia is the origin of coffee and home of genetic diversity to the coffea arabica species. The country is standing first in Africa and sixth in the world in coffee production (ICO 2018). Arabica coffee is the main cash crop, and has been the backbone of Ethiopian economy for so long time, even though its share is slowly decreasing with emerging of other sectors in the economy. Cost reductions, sustainability, value chain and quality improvement are now the major priorities in coffee production systems which substantially require huge efforts of various actors. On the other hand, the nature of production systems dominated by smallholder farmers in a conventional way kept the Ethiopian coffee far below the level it deserve indicating determinations to improve the entire value chain toward more conveniently reliable and value addition. As a result, smallholder farmers at micro level and the country by large have been losing possible premiums and price margins supposed to be gained by sustainably traceable coffee supply. Eventually, unless smallholder famers could aggregate their products in the cooperative/union framework it will be probably less promising for them to add values and thus improve their wellbeing just only by sticking to the traditional cycles of producing coffee and supplying to collectors or local traders. |
| Keywords: | coffee arabica, traceability, cooperative unions, supply chain, barcode, aggregation |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:rpaper:02&r=all |
| By: | Karatay, Yusuf Nadi; Meyer-Aurich, Andreas; Kirschke, Dieter |
| Abstract: | Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is an essential input for plant growth and farm profitability, while its effects on coping with economic risk mitigation has been under discussion. The present study analyzes economic response of rye and wheat to N fertilizer, and compare them with respect to risk mitigation potential. Uncertainties of yield response and price resulted in higher expected profit with higher N rates than a fertilizer level following the average response for both crops. Protein price incentives reduced the riskiness of higher N rates for wheat, whereas higher N rates led to lower certainty equivalents and higher downside risk for rye. |
| Keywords: | Farm Management, Production Economics, Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292305&r=all |
| By: | Rodriguez, Orlando |
| Keywords: | Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291098&r=all |
| By: | Etwire, Prince Maxwell |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290886&r=all |
| By: | Joshua S. Graff Zivin; Tong Liu; Yingquan Song; Qu Tang; Peng Zhang |
| Abstract: | The practice of burning agricultural waste is ubiquitous around the world, yet the external human capital costs from those fires have been underexplored. Using data from the National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) and agricultural fires detected by high-resolution satellites in China during 2005 to 2011, this paper investigates the impacts of fires on cognitive performance. To address the endogeneity of agricultural fires, we differentiate upwind fires from downwind fires. We find that a one-standard-deviation increase in the difference between upwind and downwind fires during the exam decreases the total exam score by 1.42 percent of a standard deviation (or 0.6 point), and further decreases the probability of getting into first-tier universities by 0.51 percent of a standard deviation. |
| JEL: | I20 I30 J20 O53 Q10 Q53 |
| Date: | 2019–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:26205&r=all |
| By: | Trilnick, Itai |
| Keywords: | Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291195&r=all |
| By: | Joseph, Siny |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290705&r=all |
| By: | Iqbal, Md Zabid |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290937&r=all |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | Embracing new technologies that could enable drastic reductions in GHG emissions will be key to delivering low-emissions pathways for growth, but it is not always obvious what the big breakthroughs will look like. This report looks at how blockchain technology can be applied to support sustainable infrastructure investment that is aligned with climate change objectives. It focuses on three key points: the financing of infrastructure initiatives, the creation of visibility and alignment of climate action, and the provisioning of awareness and access for institutions and consumers. |
| Date: | 2019–09–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:envaac:16-en&r=all |
| By: | Anthony Wiskich |
| Abstract: | Different optimal tax paths for short-lived methane and long-lived carbon arise in a cost-benefit framework with an unknown temperature threshold where severe and irreversible climate impacts, called a tipping point, occurs. Tax paths are compared with a cost minimising approach where an upper-temperature limit is set. In both approaches, the weight (ratio) of methane to carbon taxes converge to the same value by the end of the peak temperature stabilisation period. Numerical results from the cost-benefit framework suggest: the optimal weight is close to the current United Nations policy of a 100-year Global Warming Potential; and the time-frame should decrease to align with the expected end of peak temperature. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, tipping points, optimal policy, optimal taxes, global warming potential |
| JEL: | H23 O44 Q30 Q40 Q54 Q56 Q58 |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:camaaa:2019-65&r=all |
| By: | Pieralli, Simone |
| Keywords: | Production Economics |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291164&r=all |
| By: | Bissinger, Katharina |
| Abstract: | Recently fairtrade certification is a steadily growing niche market. Consequently, the consumer’s perception of fairtrade labels in Germany is an interesting research question. The underlying analysis is based on a survey including 554 potential fairtrade consumers. Respectively, the Fairtrade Certification Mark and GEPA is mostly recognized and known by the survey participants. Moreover, fairtrade labels are mostly perceived as “doing good”, especially to the poor in the Global South. Apart from the perception of the consumers, results hint towards a lack in the transparency of the whole certification system. |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Marketing |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292308&r=all |
| By: | Dsouza, Alwin; Mishra, Ashok K. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290674&r=all |
| By: | Ning, Xin; Grant, Jason |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290894&r=all |
| By: | Koppenberg, Maximilian; Hirsch, Stefan |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290706&r=all |
| By: | Hausmann, Isabell; Wieck, Christine |
| Abstract: | This work aims to address questions of choice, overlap and synergies across different indicator systems with a focus on CAP indicators and the SDG indicator system. In a comparative, descriptive analysis, we qualitatively compare the indicators chosen for the measuring of the EU agricultural sector and SDG performance and identify synergies, overlap or lack of alignment. The results further the understanding of synergies and linkages between the indicator systems and facilitate an informed policy debate about potential achievement of policy goals. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292309&r=all |
| By: | Tshabalala, Precious M.; Sidique, Shaufique F. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290898&r=all |
| By: | Li, Miao; Xiong, Tao |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290676&r=all |
| By: | Sebayang, Minda Muliana; Bukit, Rina |
| Abstract: | The size of the company (size) is a factor that affects quality disclosure of environmental impacts. This is related to the number of assets owned by the company where large companies need more funds in managing their operations compared to smaller companies. Companies with large sizes also tend to pay more attention to the quality of disclosure of the company's environmental impact to obtain a good impression from stakeholders. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the characteristics of companies that influence the quality of disclosure of the company's environmental impact. |
| Keywords: | environmental quality disclosure; Indonesia; companies’ characteristics; profitability; company size; |
| JEL: | G29 G30 O44 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:95520&r=all |
| By: | Erwin Bulte; John List; Daan van Soest |
| Abstract: | Social scientists have recently explored how framing of gains and losses affects productivity. We conducted a field experiment in peri-urban Uganda, and compared output levels across 1000 workers over isomorphic tasks and incentives, framed as either losses or gains. We find that loss aversion can be leveraged to increase the productivity of labor. The estimated welfare costs of using the loss contract are quite modest -- perhaps because the loss contract is viewed as a (soft) commitment device. |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:feb:natura:00674&r=all |
| By: | Stortz, Laura |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290777&r=all |
| By: | Robinson, Douglas Michael; Lakner, Sebastian; Otter, Verena |
| Abstract: | With a view to food security and sovereignty objectives, China is following an extensive strategy in outward foreign direct investments (OFDI) into the agribusiness sectors of industrialized countries in the recent decade. In light of this strategy, remarkable investments have been made in New Zealand’s dairy sector, currently provoking the scepticism of this nation’s policy makers and practitioners. The corresponding tentative support of such investments in New Zealand may bring Chinese investors into the situation to search for alternative target countries. Even though Germany is the largest dairy producer in the EU and a significant exporter of dairy products to China, it has yet to come into focus for these investments. However, there is little existing research examining Chinese OFDI in dairy or other agribusiness sectors in developed economies. To close this gap, this study aims to gauge the attractiveness of the German dairy industry for Chinese investment by the use of a case-specifically adapted PESTEL framework, considering factors which may act as either incentives or dampers. The assessment of these factors is conducted on the basis of an extensive systematic literature review and a descriptive analysis of secondary data. By focusing on Chinese entrance into the agriculture sector in a developed economy, this study offers insights for managers and policy makers, which may be applicable to dairy industries in other economies and other agricultural sectors in Germany and abroad. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292303&r=all |
| By: | Vargas, Carolina; Reardon, Thomas A. |
| Keywords: | Marketing |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290852&r=all |
| By: | Khalilov, Murad; Hirsch, Stefan |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290713&r=all |
| By: | Mishra, Ashok K.; Mary, Sébastien |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290896&r=all |
| By: | AnneLou Vernooij (Wageningen University & Research); Anna Marie Fisker (Aalborg University); Anna Eva Utke Heilmann (Aalborg University); Nini Camilla Bagger (Aalborg University) |
| Abstract: | What makes food, health and children so interesting? Food is one of the primary sources to human life that through a healthy lifestyle can be influencing the future of every individual. Especially children with their future ahead are an important target group that needs focus, since habits are often established at an early age (Piaget, 1969), which also is the case in regards to food and health. To secure the public health and wellbeing of future generations, and to ensure a more sustainable environment and world, we find that teaching children about food, nutrition and health is essential in order to develop a healthy relationship to food and eating habits (Bas?kale, et al., 2009). Learn4Health, an EU Erasmus+ project, was created in 2016 to develop new and innovative methods to food literacy in European schools, to promote a broader knowledge of the origin of food and food systems, and to foster better health practices through new knowledge and self-efficiency. In the project, we seek to develop several innovative and new approaches that aim to increase food knowledge through interdisciplinary hands-on activities. It is our belief, that such methods can foster motivation and a better understanding of when, what and how food is grown, and thereby improve pupils action competencies in relation to food and health now and in the long-term. This paper focuses on one of the Learn4Health activities, Taste Missions, developed, implemented and evaluated by Wageningen University & Research and aims to illustrate how hands-on food activities can benefit pupils in European public schools. Further, it will describe, analyze and conclude upon the activity, and finally, summarize by discussing Taste Missions in the larger Learn4Health context and in the broader perspective of the public by presenting the HOFA Handbook. |
| Keywords: | Food literacy, Learning, Hands on Food Activities, Health, Interdisciplinary |
| JEL: | I00 I10 I29 |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:8711613&r=all |
| By: | Kosiorowski Daniel; Jerzy P. Rydlewski |
| Abstract: | Results of a convincing causal statistical inference related to socio-economic phenomena are treated as especially desired background for conducting various socio-economic programs or government interventions. Unfortunately, quite often real socio-economic issues do not fulfill restrictive assumptions of procedures of causal analysis proposed in the literature. This paper indicates certain empirical challenges and conceptual opportunities related to applications of procedures of data depth concept into a process of causal inference as to socio-economic phenomena. We show, how to apply a statistical functional depths in order to indicate factual and counterfactual distributions commonly used within procedures of causal inference. The presented framework is especially useful in a context of conducting causal inference basing on official statistics, i.e., basing on already existing databases. Methodological considerations related to extremal depth, modified band depth, Fraiman-Muniz depth, and multivariate Wilcoxon sum rank statistic are illustrated by means of example related to a study of an impact of EU direct agricultural subsidies on a digital development in Poland in a period of 2012-2019. |
| Date: | 2019–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1908.11099&r=all |
| By: | Sharma, Sankalp; Walters, Cory G. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290911&r=all |
| By: | Kankwamba, Henry; Kornher, Lukas |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290899&r=all |
| By: | Gulati, Kajal; Safarha, Elnaz |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291053&r=all |
| By: | Timu, Anne G. |
| Keywords: | Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291282&r=all |
| By: | Kandilov, Ivan T.; Kandilov, Amy |
| Keywords: | Labor and Human Capital |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290983&r=all |
| By: | Birkle, Ingo |
| Abstract: | Efficient pig husbandry farming is critically evaluated by the public and thus acceptance is on a low level. This paper’s purpose is to identify and quantify drivers of public acceptance of pig husbandry in Germany. Data from a quantitative survey (n=402) was used to test hypotheses in a structural equation model. Model results show that trust levels in different value chain actors, attitude of animal treatment and attitude towards meat consumption show to have a significant effect on perception and acceptance. This hints at how to communicate animal welfare so that objective increased animal welfare improvements are as equally perceived. |
| Keywords: | Livestock Production/Industries, Marketing |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292314&r=all |
| By: | Skevas, Teo; Cabrera, Victor E. |
| Keywords: | Production Economics |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291178&r=all |
| By: | Richards, Timothy J.; Hamilton, Stephen F. |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290785&r=all |
| By: | André, Pierre; Delesalle, Esther; Dumas, Christelle |
| Abstract: | In developing countries, the opportunity costs of children’s time can significantly hinder universal education. This paper studies one of these opportunity costs: we estimate the agricultural productivity of children aged 10 to 15 years old using the LSMS-ISA panel survey in Tanzania. Since child labor can be endogenous, we exploit the panel structure of the data and instrument child labor with changes in the age composition of the household. One day of child work leads to an increase in production value by roughly US$0.89. Children enrolled in school work 26 fewer days than nonenrolled children. Compensating enrolled children for loss in income can be accomplished with monthly payments of $1.92. However, a complete simulation of a hypothetical conditional cash transfer shows that even $10/month transfers would fail to achieve universal school enrollment of children aged 10 to 15 years old. |
| Keywords: | Child labor; Human capital investment; Conditional cash transfer; Farm household; Production function; Tanzania |
| JEL: | D1 O1 J3 |
| Date: | 2019–04–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fri:fribow:fribow00502&r=all |
| By: | Yao, Becatien H.; Shanoyan, Aleksan |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290711&r=all |
| By: | Fan, Maoyong; He, Guojun |
| Keywords: | Resource/ Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291260&r=all |
| By: | Sharma, Sankalp; Giri, Anil |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290740&r=all |
| By: | Yu, Yang; Jaenicke, Edward C. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290881&r=all |
| By: | Ekong, Olabisi; Briggeman, Brian C. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290738&r=all |
| By: | Hu, Lijiao; Zheng, Yuqing |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290951&r=all |
| By: | Zhang, Xiaorong; Kong, Xiangzhi |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291293&r=all |
| By: | Luo, Xiaoman |
| Keywords: | Labor and Human Capital |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290977&r=all |
| By: | Aborisade, Olumide; Carpio, Carlos E. |
| Keywords: | Labor and Human Capital |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290970&r=all |
| By: | Höhler, Julia; Kühl, Rainer |
| Abstract: | A realized strategy can be understood as the sum of a company’s strategic actions over time. This concept of strategy is difficult to grasp empirically. However, the content analysis enables a systematic, dynamic, and theoretically sound recording of realized strategies. To demonstrate the potential of the method in capturing strategies, we encode 4,158 pieces of information about strategic actions of ten European dairy companies in the German market for over 11 years. Based on this, we suggest a mixed methods approach to learn more about the individual companies’ competitive moves and their realized strategies. The companies investigated differ in their adaptation to changing environmental conditions and in particular in their brand policy. Our approach can be applied to many questions in strategy research and promises new insights into the strategies of companies in the food industry. |
| Keywords: | Industrial Organization, Livestock Production/Industries, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292284&r=all |
| By: | Akune, Yuko; Hosoe, Nobuhiro |
| Keywords: | Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291189&r=all |
| By: | Ishdorj, Ariun; Jang, Juwon |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290782&r=all |
| By: | Rosch, Stephanie D.; Crane-Droesch, Andrew |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290914&r=all |
| By: | Maertens, Annemie; Khamis, Melanie |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291046&r=all |
| By: | Yuki Takeyama (Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science); Katsunori Fujii (Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science); Toshiro Sakai (Chube University); Nozomi Tanaka (Tokaigakuen University); Yuki Kani (Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology); Yusaku Ogura (Graduate School of Business Administration and Computer Science, Aichi Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | Obesity refers to a state in which excessive fat is accumulated in the body. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), people with a body mass index (BMI) of ?25 are taken to be obese. This is the standard indicating increased risk of diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke attributable to obesity. That is, it is considered to be an indicator below which risk is inhibited and people can live in health. However, the critical point for risk affecting health is not clear. If the risks associated with health information could be analyzed by degree of obesity, it may be possible to identify a cut-off value for obesity. In this study we assessed the level of health risk based on BMI fluctuations, calculated the mean health information values for each unit of BMI from 14 to 34, and analyzed fluctuations in each health information item based on BMI fluctuation. The results showed that the risk from blood pressure and maximum oxygen uptake increased together with fluctuations in BMI. With this it is thought that a new cutoff point for obesity risk can be established. |
| Keywords: | Obesity, Health Information, BMI Fluctuation, Cutoff Value |
| JEL: | I00 I10 I12 |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:9211463&r=all |
| By: | Issar, Akash; Smith, Travis A. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290895&r=all |
| By: | Haqiqi, Iman; Hertel, Thomas W. |
| Keywords: | Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291097&r=all |
| By: | Richards, Timothy J.; Rickard, Bradley J. |
| Keywords: | Industrial Organization |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291004&r=all |
| By: | Jeong, Sei |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290775&r=all |
| By: | Zhou, Yujun; Baylis, Kathy |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291056&r=all |
| By: | Lee, Seungyub; McCann, Laura M. |
| Keywords: | Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291123&r=all |
| By: | Chalise, Lekhnath; Knight, Russell |
| Keywords: | International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291079&r=all |
| By: | Baffes, John; Etienne, Xiaoli L. |
| Keywords: | Production Economics |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291176&r=all |
| By: | Hong, Chang; Feenstra, Robert |
| Keywords: | International Relations/Trade |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291082&r=all |
| By: | Imad Moosa (School of Economics, Finance and Marketing, RMIT) |
| Abstract: | Empirical work on the environmental effects of FDI has produced a mixed bag of results, with hardly any evidence for MENA countries. A theoretical model is presented, postulating that whether FDI has a positive or negative effect on the environment depends on the position of the underlying country or region on the environmental Kuznets curve. This paper presents results indicating that FDI leads to environmental degradation in MENA countries and that they fall on the rising sector of the EKC. The theoretical model is supported by the empirical results. |
| Date: | 2019–08–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1321&r=all |
| By: | Akhundjanov, Sherzod B.; Chamberlain, Lauren |
| Keywords: | Research Methods/ Statistical Methods |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291206&r=all |
| By: | Di Falco, Salvatore; De Giorgi, Giacomo |
| Keywords: | International Development |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291034&r=all |
| By: | Dalhaus, Tobias; Pfingsten, Tony |
| Keywords: | Risk and Uncertainty |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291270&r=all |
| By: | Yu, Charng-Jiun; Du, Xiaodong |
| Keywords: | Industrial Organization |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:291001&r=all |
| By: | Asante-Addo, Collins; Weible, Daniela |
| Abstract: | In sub-Saharan Africa, chicken meat is one of the important sources of protein and has great potential to enhance food security. The poultry sector, however, is challenged by rising imports, changing consumers’ preferences, and increasing costs of production. Preference for domestic chicken will depend largely on product characteristics and purchase motives, but also on how consumers’ perceive and judge domestic chicken in comparison to imported chicken. This study provides insight into how consumers in Ghana perceive chicken meat and whether these perceptions differ between domestic and imported chicken as well as the drivers of purchase. We conducted seven focus group discussions involving a total of 44 participants. Among the purchasing criteria, price is the most important factor in consumers’ decision-making process. Other factors include health/safety, convenience, taste, and freshness. Generally, consumers have strong beliefs toward domestic chicken as they perceive it to be fresher, tastier, healthier, and thus, better quality than imported chicken meat. Concerns about the use of growth hormones and antibiotics resulted in the low-quality perceptions of imported chicken meat. Nonetheless, imported chicken is seen as cheaper, convenient, and readily available. The results suggest that the higher price and inconvenience associated with domestic chicken may limit its future growth. Therefore, domestic producers must tailor their products to the characteristics that are important to consumers and build a marketing strategy that stresses more on good taste, freshness, and quality. Additionally, any policy aimed at the poultry industry should consider consumer concerns toward the safety, quality, and convenience of chicken. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety |
| Date: | 2019–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi19:292291&r=all |