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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2015‒08‒01
119 papers chosen by |
| By: | Verhofstadt, Ellen; Maertens, Miet |
| Abstract: | An updated version of this working paper is published as: Verhofstadt, E., Maertens, M. (2014). Can Agricultural Cooperatives Reduce Poverty? Heterogeneous Impact of Cooperative Membership on Farmers' Welfare in Rwanda. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, art.nr. online. |
| Keywords: | cooperatives, farm-households, impact heterogeneity, Rwanda, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Security and Poverty, Q13, Q12, Q18, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:kucawp:164803&r=agr |
| By: | Prager, Daniel |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Consumer/Household Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204992&r=agr |
| By: | Rice, Charles |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205012&r=agr |
| By: | Clark, Liz |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205032&r=agr |
| By: | Sadler, Marc |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Political Economy, Production Economics, Public Economics, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205041&r=agr |
| By: | Packnett, Patrick |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205020&r=agr |
| By: | Olen, Beau; Wu, JunJie |
| Keywords: | land allocation, water scarcity, climate heterogeneity, extreme weather, water supply institutions, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Farm Management, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Land Economics/Use, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Risk and Uncertainty, Q12, Q15, Q18, Q54, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205719&r=agr |
| By: | Tropp, Debra |
| Abstract: | What do we know about US local food demand? Overview of national statistics Importance of local food demand to food system—national vs. regional Changing buyer and consumer preferences Growth of local food marketing outlets Farmers markets CSAs Food hubs Is there room for future growth in local food demand? If so, what will it look like? USDA 2007 Census of Agriculture: Direct to consumer food sales (defined narrowly as D2C sales of “edible farm products for human consumption) increased threefold from 1992 - 2007 Vegetable, fruit, and nut farms dominate local food sales. Direct-to-consumer sales dominate where climate and topography favor fruit and vegetable production proximity to farmers markets and neighboring local food farms access to transportation information networks. Value of local food sold is highest in metropolitan areas and is geographically concentrated in the Northeast and on the West Coast. $404 million to $1.2 billion • Grew twice as fast as total agricultural sales in U.S. (105% vs. 48%) USDA-ERS report on Direct and Intermediated Local Food Sales (Vogel and Low, 2011) based on 2008 Agricultural Resource Management Survey Local food sales were estimated to be $4.8 billion in 2008 •Included intermediated sales of local food to retailers, restaurants, institutions, food service distributors + direct to consumer sales New 2012 Census of Agricultural statistics on local food to be released in February 2014 – will delineate between local food sales to intermediaries, CSAs, and other direct to consumer outlets What Do We Know About Demand? 4th |
| Keywords: | local food, marketing, farmers market, CSA, fruit, vegetable, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:uamsts:160752&r=agr |
| By: | Motamed, Mesbah |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205078&r=agr |
| By: | Wells, Alex |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Development, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204983&r=agr |
| By: | Jung, Suhyun |
| Keywords: | climate change, farmer's welfare, production cost, global tradeoff, carbon, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Security and Poverty, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, Q15, Q54, D61, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205693&r=agr |
| By: | Wang, Sun Ling; Newton, Doris J. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), productivity, technical efficiency, stochastic input distance function, U.S. field crop farm, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Productivity Analysis, Q12, Q16, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205344&r=agr |
| By: | Vroegindewey, Ryan; Theriault, Veronique; Staatz, John |
| Keywords: | agriculture, value chains, agribusiness, transaction cost economics, development, Africa, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Industrial Organization, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Development, Marketing, D23, D40, D70, D80, L00, M00, O13, Q10, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205327&r=agr |
| By: | Creamer, Nancy |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205043&r=agr |
| By: | Taheripour, Farzad; Hertel, Thomas W.; Gopalakrishnan, Badri N.; Sahin, Sebnem; Escurra, Jorge J. |
| Abstract: | This paper uses an advanced Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model coupled with biophysical data on future changes in crop yields due to climate change to examine: 1) the consequences of climate change for India’s agricultural and food products; 2) the extent to which water scarcity can affect the irrigation adoption and demand for water; and 3) how water scarcity, climate change, and trade jointly alter land use changes across the Indian subcontinent. It shows that when water scarcity is ignored, irrigated areas grows due to changes in crop yields induced by climate change. When water scarcity is introduced, competition for water increases and that largely reduces demand for irrigation across all river basins in India. When available water for irrigation is not limited, climate change alone could moderately increase agricultural outputs at national level and that leads to some welfare gains. However, water scarcity, induced by expansion in water demand in non-agricultural uses and lack of water infrastructure, blocks the demand for irrigation and that generates significant negative impacts on the economy of India and its agricultural activates. The overall welfare losses due to water scarcity for this economy is expected to be about $3.2 billion (at 2007 prices) in 2030. With a 3% discount rate, the net present value of the annual reductions in welfare will be about $24.3 billion for 2008 to 2030. |
| Keywords: | India, Agriculture, Water Scarcity, Climate Change, Irrigation, General Equilibrium, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205591&r=agr |
| By: | Long, Cindy |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Security and Poverty, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204990&r=agr |
| By: | Johansson, Rob |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204977&r=agr |
| By: | Connolly, Cristina; Klaiber, H. Allen |
| Keywords: | Local food, Competition, Direct-marketing, Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205704&r=agr |
| By: | Annet, Adong; Tony, Muhumuza; Swaibu, Mbowa |
| Abstract: | A number of policy initiatives in Uganda’s agriculture sector have been tailored towards transforming the sector from subsistence to commercial production. Owing to this background, this study examines the drivers of food crop commercialization in Uganda. The unique feature of this study is threefold: one, we exploit the seasonal component of the surveys to examine the seasonality of participation; two, we provide results of two different measures to proxy commercialization, namely; the likelihood of participation, and intensity of participation, in the market for selected crops; and finally, we investigate these issues using a new panel dataset for Uganda. Findings reveal that different household and community level characteristics pose varying impacts on commercialization across seasons. Of particular interest is evidence that self-sufficiency needs override household decisions during the second season. This finding underscores the need to design interventions that target increased production in this season, characterized by short rains and less production activity. |
| Keywords: | Food crop commercialization, seasons, Uganda, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Consumer/Household Economics, Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Farm Management, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, Industrial Organization, Livestock Production/Industries, Productivity Analysis, Q10, Q12, Q13, |
| Date: | 2014–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eprcrs:184171&r=agr |
| By: | Miriam, Katunze; Francis, Mwaura |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Crop Production/Industries, Livestock Production/Industries, Productivity Analysis, |
| Date: | 2014–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eprcpb:206180&r=agr |
| By: | Zhu, Manhong; Onel, Gulcan; Seale, James L. Jr |
| Abstract: | How much major crop supplies are affected by output and input prices are important questions for food security concerns. Agricultural policies in the U.S. focus on supporting output prices with relatively little attention to input prices. However, crop productions seem to react sensitively to input price changes. Therefore, linking input and output markets in models of supply response is crucial since farmers’ planting decisions are based on the joint effect from the two markets. |
| Keywords: | output allocation, food security, crop supply response, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205300&r=agr |
| By: | Sibhatu, Kibrom T.; Krishna, Vijesh V.; Qaim, Matin |
| Abstract: | Enhancing the diversity of agricultural production systems is increasingly recognized as a potential means to sustainably provide diversified food for rural communities in developing countries, hence ensuring their nutritional security. However, empirical evidences connecting farm production diversity and farm-households’ dietary diversity are scarce. Using comprehensive datasets of market-oriented smallholder farm households from Indonesia and Kenya, and subsistence farmers from Ethiopia and Malawi, the present study is carried out with an objective to investigate the effect of farm production diversity on households’ dietary diversity, and the role of market access and other potential influencing factors. Often, farmers from the market-oriented production systems are found consuming more diversified diet than those from the subsistence systems. Even among the subsistence farms, the crucial role of farm diversity to augment dietary diversity is mixed and evident only among those who have limited access to food markets. While farm diversity enhances dietary diversity of Indonesian and Malawian households either through direct consumption, and/or by increasing and stabilizing farm income - which is also dependent on the type of crop on the farm. In Kenya and Ethiopia however no meaningful connection could be found. The study concludes that the link between farm production diversity and dietary diversity does not universally exist and diversifying diets through farm diversification need not require that the production system should be subsistence in nature. |
| Keywords: | Farm production diversity, Dietary diversity, Market access, Farm-household, Developing countries, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, D13, I15, O12, Q10, Q12, Q18, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205286&r=agr |
| By: | Serfis, Jim |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205000&r=agr |
| By: | Carver, Jason |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205024&r=agr |
| By: | Schädler, Manuel; Gatzweiler, Franz W. |
| Abstract: | Land rights are essential assets for improving the livelihoods of the rural poor. This literature based paper shed light to some land rights issues that are crucial for the effectiveness and sustainability of implementing technological innovations in marginalized rural areas of Ethiopia, Ghana, India and Bangladesh. By analysing country specific land right regimes, this paper aims to understand what institutional conditions might constitute barriers to the effective implementation of technological innovations and how they might be overcome. Land rights issues considered in this paper include public and private ownership of land in Ethiopia, customary and statutory law in Ghana, and gender equality and land rights in India and Bangladesh. A better understanding of institutional barriers for the effective implementation of technological innovations is a precondition for complementing technological with enabling institutional innovations and for improving priority setting, targeting and sequencing in the implementation of productivity increasing development measures. |
| Keywords: | Marginality, agriculture, technological innovations, institutions, land rights, tenure security, gender equality, customary law, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:ubonwp:159373&r=agr |
| By: | Dharmasena, Senarath; Senia, Mark |
| Keywords: | food purchase, households with children, Nielsen data, calorie dense food, non-calorie dense food, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, D11, D12, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205115&r=agr |
| By: | Haley, Stephen |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Productivity Analysis, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205066&r=agr |
| By: | Fraisse, Clyde |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204988&r=agr |
| By: | Preston, Warren P. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205034&r=agr |
| By: | Musumba, Mark; Costa, Rafael F. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2015–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205775&r=agr |
| By: | Gabriel, Stephen |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205006&r=agr |
| By: | Ifft, Jennifer E. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205796&r=agr |
| By: | Anderson, Michael L.; Gallagher, Justin; Ramirez, Elizabeth |
| Keywords: | healthy food, school lunch, test scores, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205221&r=agr |
| By: | Dunham, Bernadette |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205008&r=agr |
| By: | Yu, Jialing |
| Keywords: | crop insurance, impact assessment, Corn Belt, Agricultural and Food Policy, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:206272&r=agr |
| By: | Peterson, Everett B.; Grant, Jason H.; Rudi, Jeta |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:204905&r=agr |
| By: | Rehkamp, Sarah; Canning, Patrick |
| Keywords: | water, input-output, U.S. food system, sustainability, Agricultural and Food Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205610&r=agr |
| By: | Male, Jonathan |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205026&r=agr |
| By: | Patrick, Kevin |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Farm Management, Political Economy, Production Economics, Productivity Analysis, Public Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205002&r=agr |
| By: | Colin, Iles |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, International Development, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205010&r=agr |
| By: | Pozo, Veronica F.; Schroeder, Ted C. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205782&r=agr |
| By: | Hendricks, Nathan P.; Pokharel, Krishna P. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205605&r=agr |
| By: | Wang, Haoying; Ortiz-Bobea, Ariel; Chonabayashi, Shun |
| Abstract: | Recent statistical studies suggest yields for major U.S. food crops will dramatically decrease under climate change due to the rise of extreme temperatures over the growing season. However, these results do not account for changes in the crop mix, therefore overestimating potential damages to the sector. In this study we seek to determine how the crop mix and growing regions would shift in response to climate change. The paper develops a dynamic multinomial discrete choice framework to model adaptation to climate change through crop choice. A major innovation of this study is the construction of a very large high-resolution data set for the econometric analysis and the computational procedure developed to obtain estimates. We combine data on crop cover (USDA Cropland Data Layer (CDL), 30*30 meter resolution) and climate variables (PRISM, 4*4 km resolution) for the study region, matched with crop prices and production costs at regional level. The data set provides billions of spatial units from which we sample for the spatial analysis. The main advantage of such an extensive and detailed data set is the careful consideration of the spatial heterogeneity within counties. The generality of our empirical framework allows prediction of crop choices at field level under various climate change scenarios. The preliminary empirical results show that both market state variables (yields, prices, and costs) and crop state variables (related to crop rotations) are important predictors of farmers' crop choice at field level. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Land Use, Crop Choice, Discrete Choice, Dynamic Optimization, Climate Change, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, Q15, Q24, Q54, R14, C35, C61, |
| Date: | 2015–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205840&r=agr |
| By: | Flory, Jeffrey A. |
| Abstract: | Work in progress, results are preliminary. |
| Keywords: | Microfinance, Savings Accounts, Agricultural Inputs, Household Production, Agricultural Finance, Consumer/Household Economics, Crop Production/Industries, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, Production Economics, D14, O12, O16, G21, Q12, Q14, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205901&r=agr |
| By: | SENE, Mr. SEYDINA OUSMANE; SAGHAIAN, Dr. SAYED H. |
| Abstract: | This paper finds a long-run relationship between food imports, commodities prices, exchange rates, food production, GDP, and trade openness in the CFA zone of Sub-Saharan Africa. We use a panel Vector Error Correction Model with exogenous prices expanded beyond the Hemphill’ approach (1974) on rice, wheat, maize, and sugar under fixed exchange rate constraint. |
| Keywords: | International Trade, CFA Zone in West Africa, Food Imports, Food Prices, Cointegration, Food Security, Foreign exchange reserve and Exchange Rate, VECM, Sub Saharan Africa., Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Financial Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, International Relations/Trade, F1, Q12, O13, Q17, Q18, |
| Date: | 2014–01–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea14:162485&r=agr |
| By: | Vetter, Darci |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204981&r=agr |
| By: | Cordero Salas, Paula; Chen, Susan E. |
| Abstract: | This paper provides evidence of the effect of agricultural diversification and commercialization on the health of preschool children. We use a nationally representative sample of households taken from the Tanzania National Panel Survey (TNPS) to describe the correlations between agricultural diversification and commercialization on child nutrition. We find that engaging in contract farming for producing food crops has a negative effect on both nutritional stunting and wasting. Diversification only has a positive effect on child nutrition for children at the bottom of the nutritional distribution. The effect of commercialization vary by the type of crop produced and the position of children in the nutritional distribution. The results provide insight into the effects of agricultural diversification and commercialization on the household welfare. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, Industrial Organization, International Development, I12, I15, Q12, Q18., |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205050&r=agr |
| By: | Morecraft, Bill |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204986&r=agr |
| By: | Westhoff, Pat |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205060&r=agr |
| By: | Koirala, Krishna H.; Mishra, Ashok K.; Mohanty, Samarendu |
| Abstract: | Agricultural production determines the efficiency level of households in their farming activities. In the developing countries farmers do not use all potential technological resources, thus making inefficient decisions in their agricultural activities. So, this paper focuses to measure the technical efficiency of rice production and identified determinants of technical efficiency of rice farmers in Philippines. The Loop Survey of the Institute of Rice Research Institute (2007-2012) was analyzed using stochastic frontier production method in the Cobb-Douglas functional form. Result shows that fuel, fertilizer, land rent, planting season, and land area are the factors that affect both production and technical efficiency of rice production. We found mean technical efficiency score of 0.54. |
| Keywords: | Food security, technical efficiency, Stochastic Frontier Production, Philippines, Production, Crop Production/Industries, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea14:162501&r=agr |
| By: | Istrate, Emilia |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205018&r=agr |
| By: | An, Ning; Thomassin, Paul J. |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the economic impact of alternative climate change scenarios on representative cash crop farms in Quebec and Ontario. Mixed Integer Dynamic Linear Programming models are used to determine the annual optimal land and labor allocations over a 30 year time horizon. In the modeling process, five climate scenarios are modeled, along with different combinations of CO2 enhancement and water limitation. Parameters, such as crop prices, costs of production, and crop yields, are simulated and projected into the future using various methods, such as Monte Carlo simulation, Crystal Ball Predictor and DSSAT cropping system model. Rotation and diversification constraints, as well as participation in public risk management programs are also incorporated into the optimization procedures. The results show that the economic impact of climate change varies by scenario, with the CO2 effect and water limitation having a more significant effect than the specific climate scenarios. Technology development, as well as the public insurance programs can contribute to the reduction of economic vulnerability. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, economic impacts, technological change, institutional change, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205702&r=agr |
| By: | King, Robert P.; Hand, Michael S.; DiGiacomo, Gigi |
| Keywords: | Farm Management, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:umrfcs:196415&r=agr |
| By: | Luitel, Kishor P.; Hudson, Darren; Knight, Thomas O. |
| Abstract: | The 2014 Farm Bill adds the Stacked Income Protection Plan (STAX) and the Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO) to the suite of insurance choices for producers in 2015. Unlike other crops with the ARC and PLC programs, cotton only has access to crop insurance under the new Farm Bill. Therefore, the crop insurance choices that farmers make will constitute the only government safety net for farm income. The overall objective of this research is to understand the impact of the new crop insurance policy options for cotton on farmer decisions regarding risk management strategies. A mail survey was conducted in February 2015, at the time when farmers were making insurance purchase decisions. Our results suggest that cotton farmers are taking benefits of 2014 Farm Bill, which enables them to take separate dry land and irrigated insurance policies. |
| Keywords: | 2014 Farm Bill, SCO Endorsement, STAX, Cotton, Crop Insurance, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Risk and Uncertainty, D81, Q18, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205438&r=agr |
| By: | Tran, Anh N.; Motamed, Mesbah; Lee, Tani |
| Keywords: | crop insurance, abandoned acreage, actual production history, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205426&r=agr |
| By: | Inama, Stefano |
| Keywords: | GIs, TTIP, IPRs, Sustainable Development, Development, LDCs, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, International Relations/Trade, Political Economy, Public Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:206453&r=agr |
| By: | Waldvogel, Jay |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Farm Management, International Development, International Relations/Trade, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205072&r=agr |
| By: | Hatfield, Jerry |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204998&r=agr |
| By: | Taheripour, Farzad; Mahaffey, Harry; Tyner, Wallace E. |
| Abstract: | The main objective of this study was to evaluate what would be the economic and environmental consequences of losing the GMO traits in the U.S. for the major crops of corn, soybeans, and cotton. The first step was to obtain from the literature a range of estimates of the yield loses if we move away from GMO traits in the U.S. The second step was to introduce the yield losses obtained in the first step into a well know CGE model, GTAP-BIO, to quantify the land use and economic impacts of banning GMO traits in the U.S. Our analyses confirms that if we do not have access to the GMO technology, a significant amount of land would need to be converted from other crops, cropland pasture, pasture, and forest to meet the global food demand. The land expansion likely is similar to the entire U.S. ethanol program. Furthermore, induced land use emissions were significantly larger that the corresponding figure for corn ethanol. Generally, the global savings in land use emissions due to using GMO crops in the US range between 7 and 17 percent of global agricultural emissions. The price changes for corn were as high as 28% and for soybeans as high as 22%. In general, the price increases for the reference and average cases were higher than those observed previously for biofuel shocks. Food price changes in the U.S. amount to $14 - $24 billion per year. As expected, welfare falls both in the U.S. and globally. |
| Keywords: | GMO Crops, Productivity, Computable General Equilibrium, Economic Impacts, Land Use, Land Use Emissions, Crop Production/Industries, Land Economics/Use, Productivity Analysis, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:204907&r=agr |
| By: | Mulik, Kranti |
| Abstract: | Conventional production systems in the Midwest are heavily reliant on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and herbicides to maintain soil fertility and manage weeds. Consequently, nitrogen and herbicides emitted from cropland contaminate groundwater and surface waters, with negative impacts on community health, ecosystems, and fisheries. Alternative farming systems that employ diversified cropping patterns, mixed crop-livestock production, and integrated pest management can prevent many of these problems without reducing farm yields and profits. An ongoing study from Iowa State University’s Marsden Farm in Boone County, Iowa, has compared crop yields, weed suppression, and profitability of low-external-input cropping systems with those of conventional corn-soybean cropping systems. This research reveals that more complex rotations substituting other crops for some of the corn and soybean on a farm can reap a variety of benefits, from reduced pesticide use to increased farm profits. The long-term Marsden Farm study has only demonstrated this potential on a relatively small scale. Using data from that experiment, we analyze the economic feasibility of adopting diverse crop rotation systems on a larger scale across the state of Iowa. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205805&r=agr |
| By: | Wardell, Gordon |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205022&r=agr |
| By: | Deserti, Riccardo |
| Keywords: | TTIP, GIs, IPRs, Trade, Rural Development, Sustainable Development, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Development, International Relations/Trade, Political Economy, Public Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:206449&r=agr |
| By: | Hauptman, Jon |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204979&r=agr |
| By: | Plastina, Alejandro; Liu, Fangge |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Farm Management, Production Economics, Productivity Analysis, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205372&r=agr |
| By: | Kojima, Yasutomo; Parcell, Joseph L.; Cain, Jewelwayne S. |
| Keywords: | compensated first-differenced double-log demand model, demand analysis, demand system, vegetable oils, trans fats (trans fatty acids), biofuels, Agricultural and Food Policy, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Q11, Q13, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea14:162472&r=agr |
| By: | Hungerford, Ashley; O'Donoghue, Erik; Motamed, Mesbah |
| Abstract: | The 2014 Agricultural Act introduced several risk management programs for commodities. Price Loss Coverage (PLC) and Agricultural Risk Coverage (ARC) provide price and revenue protection, respectively, to eligible producers of covered commodities. Also in addition to existing federally-backed crop insurance policies, the Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO), a new program, provides subsidized add-on insurance coverage to producers of rice, cotton, corn, soybeans, sorghum, wheat, and spring barley. Through simulations of prices and yields, we examine the relationship between the support payments generated by these new programs and the magnitude of the risk reduction they produce, both under their current parameters as well as alternatives. The simulations also reveal the distribution of risk reduction among counties across the United States. |
| Keywords: | 2014 Agricultural Act, Yield Distribution, Copulas, Commodity Support, Agricultural Risk Coverage, Supplemental Coverage Option, Price Loss Coverage, Agricultural and Food Policy, Risk and Uncertainty, G32, Q18, Q14, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:204845&r=agr |
| By: | Durand-Morat, Alvaro; Wailes, Eric |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205614&r=agr |
| By: | Asci, Serhat; Borisova, Tatiana; VanSickle, John J. |
| Abstract: | This study focuses on the challenge of developing fertilizer best management practices (BMPs) for agricultural producers that would both optimize the crop production and minimize water quality impacts from agricultural operations. The overall objective is to develop recommendations to improve BMP development process by allowing for a more comprehensive consideration of production and marketing risks affecting farmers’ production choices. Specifically, we use linear stochastic plateau production function to evaluate risks associated with the alternative levels of fertilizer application and prices for Florida potato production. Such analysis helps us to determine under what conditions alternative fertilizer BMP recommendations can be too restrictive, and how likely these conditions to occur. The results of the study are summarized in the form of recommendations for BMP development process in Florida and other states that use BMP as the primary tool to address nutrient water quality issues in agricultural areas. |
| Keywords: | Nitrogen fertilizer use decision, water quality, stochastic plateau production functions, risk analysis., Agribusiness, Environmental Economics and Policy, Production Economics, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea14:162536&r=agr |
| By: | Fan, Linlin; Baylis, Kathy; Gundersen, Craig; Ver Ploeg, Michele |
| Abstract: | Food deserts and their potential effects on diet and nutrition have received much attention from policymakers. While some research has found correlations between food deserts and consumer outcomes, it is unclear whether food deserts truly affect consumption behavior. In this paper, we compare food prices in food deserts and non-food deserts to check whether lack of access is associated with higher food prices of a complete diet, which could constrain the consumption of healthy foods in food deserts. We use data on store-level sales from a nationally representative sample and calculate a census-tract level Exact Price Index (EPI) based on a food baskets defined by the Thrifty Food Plan (TFP). To address potential biases, we control for both product heterogeneity and variety availability. |
| Keywords: | food deserts, price indices, product variety, nutritious diet, Agricultural and Food Policy, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Security and Poverty, D12, D43, L11, R32, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205424&r=agr |
| By: | Serra, Raimondo |
| Keywords: | TTIP, GIs, Trade, IPRs, Legal, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Relations/Trade, Political Economy, Public Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:206447&r=agr |
| By: | Bentley, Angela; Jeffrey, Scott; Qiu, Feng |
| Abstract: | A hedonic pricing model is estimated for Alberta farmland values using pooled cross-sectional data spanning the years 2000-2011. Explanatory variables are chosen based on relevant theoretical and empirical considerations. In addition to conventional variables such as agricultural returns, distance to an urban centre, change in population density, soil quality, presence of improvements, and irrigation, supplementary variables are included to examine the impacts of farmland conversion (to developed uses) and fragmentation on farmland prices. Results are generally consistent with expectations. For example, higher soil quality is associated with higher farmland values. Furthermore, fragmentation and conversion appear to have some positive influence on farmland values in Alberta. Information concerning the influence of fragmentation and conversion on farmland values and the implications for future farmland conversion and preservation is of value to policymakers in making decisions regarding land use frameworks and other land use related policies. |
| Keywords: | hedonic pricing model, Alberta, farmland values, fragmentation, conversion, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205884&r=agr |
| By: | Weber, Jeremy G.; Key, Nigel; O'Donoghue, Erik J. |
| Abstract: | Federally subsidized crop insurance has expanded in recent decades, with annual premium subsidies increasing from roughly $1 to $7 billion dollars between 2000 and 2013. The 2014 Farm Act further expanded crop insurance, making it the main conduit of financial support to farmers. Although designed for non-environmental goals, subsidized insurance may affect the use of land, fertilizer, and agrochemicals and therefore environmental externalities from agriculture such as nutrient and chemical runoff into lakes and streams. We use a newly constructed farm-level panel data set to examine farmer responses to changes in insurance coverage. Identification comes from an instrumental variable approach that exploits program limits on coverage, which constrained the response of some farmers to increasingly generous subsidies more than others. Our estimates indicate that expanded coverage had a small, if any, effect on farm decisions such as fertilizer and chemical use. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Finance, Environmental Economics and Policy, Q15, Q18, Q12, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:204972&r=agr |
| By: | Brockhaus, Jan; Huang, Jikun; Hu, Jiliang; Kalkuhl, Matthias; von Braun, Joachim; Yang, Guolei |
| Abstract: | This study analyses the indica rice, winter wheat, and corn production response to prices, rainfall, temperatures, and other parameters for the agriculturally most important provinces in China. System and difference GMM estimators are used as the number of groups is large compared to the time periods and the production response is a dynamic process. We find that all crops strongly respond to prices around planting time and shortly after while prices further away from the time of planting turn out insignificant. Furthermore, rainfall affects the production positively and high temperatures negatively for all crops. The results for other variables differ between the crops. Mixed outcomes are found for irrigation, fertilizer prices, area affected by droughts and interaction terms. Results suggest that irrigation is only partly able to compensate for impacts of weather variability. The presented method for analyzing the price response at different points in time may also be used for general model specification tests. |
| Keywords: | agricultural supply response, China, crop production, food prices, supply elasticity, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Food Security and Poverty, Production Economics, O13, Q11, Q13, Q18, |
| Date: | 2015–05–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205988&r=agr |
| By: | Chapoto, Antony; Sabasi, Darlington; Asante-Addo, Collins |
| Abstract: | Fertilizer use and intensity is low in Sub-Saharan Africa. Further, soil fertility has been declining over the years. These together have potentially been contributing to lower crop yields particularly for smallholder farmers. In this study we examine maize yield response to nitrogen in three Districts in Northern Ghana controlling for a number of covariates including soil fertility which have received less attention in the literature. Results show that soil fertility is crucial in increasing yields in Northern Ghana and increasing nitrogen per ha enhances maize yield up to a certain yield plateau beyond which further increases will not increase yields. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Production Economics, Productivity Analysis, Q12, |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205694&r=agr |
| By: | Kwikiriza, Norman; Jogo, Wellington; Okello, Julius J; Tesfay, Haile; Asfaw, Frezer; Pambo, Kennedy |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205475&r=agr |
| By: | Corbett, John |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Security and Poverty, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:204996&r=agr |
| By: | Wood, Benjamin D.K.; Dong, Michell |
| Abstract: | 3ie Replication Paper 5. Washington, DC: International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie) |
| Keywords: | replication, Kenya, cash crops, adoption, heterogeneous impacts, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iats14:206225&r=agr |
| By: | McHugh, Tara |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Production Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205070&r=agr |
| By: | Shang, Xia; Tonsor, Glynn T. |
| Keywords: | Rotterdam, AIDS, Forecast, Meat Demand, Food Safety, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Q11, Q18, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205624&r=agr |
| By: | Muraoka, Rie; Matsumoto, Tomoya; Jin, Songqing; Otsuka, Keijiro |
| Abstract: | As population pressure on land grows rapidly in Kenya, rural farmers have started to intensify land use, which has led to the emergence of a new maize farming system. The new system is characterized by the adoption of high-yielding maize varieties, the application of chemical fertilizer and manure produced by stall-fed improved dairy cows, and intercropping, especially the combination of maize and legumes. This study aims to explore the determinants of the new maize farming system and its impact on land productivity and household income. We examine not only the impacts of new technologies and production practices but also the impact of the entire new maize farming system by generating an agricultural intensification index based on a principal component analysis. The estimation results show that an increase in sub-location level population density and a decrease in the land-labor ratio of an individual household accelerate farming intensification, and that the adoption of each new technology and production practice has positive and significant impacts on land productivity. These findings are further supported by the significantly positive impacts of the agriculture intensification index on land productivity. |
| Keywords: | Farming system, Agricultural intensification, Population pressure, Maize, Green Revolution, Kenya, Crop Production/Industries, International Development, Q16, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205765&r=agr |
| By: | Wang, Emily; Wei, Hongli; Caswell, Julie A. |
| Keywords: | Nutrition labeling rule, Consumer behavior, Market movement, Short-run effect, Long-run effect, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205118&r=agr |
| By: | Pena-Levano, Luis M.; Rasetti, Michele; Melo, Grace; Zhao, Xin; Opgrand, Jeffrey; Renteria Pinon, Mario; Bentivoglio, Deborah |
| Abstract: | Global harvested area of crops has expanded (+8%) in the period of 2004-2011. Nevertheless, some crops such as maize, sugarcane, and oilseeds expanded area more rapidly than the average rise. Although, some economists attribute this effect to biofuel production, economy also has encouraged expansion in cropland to satisfy food demand. This paper analyzes the impact that biofuel production and economic variables has had on harvested area for corn, sugar, and oilseeds. Our results suggest that economic variables are much more important than ethanol production in explaining changes on harvested area of corn and sugarcane. For oilseed area, the significant factor was the 800 percent increase in biodiesel production, which overwhelmed other factors. |
| Keywords: | Ethanol, Biodiesel, Land use change, FDI, Growth, Agricultural and Food Policy, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, F21, F30, Q15, Q16, Q17, Q56, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205410&r=agr |
| By: | Mekonnen, Dawit; Bryan, Elizabeth; Alemu, Tekie; Ringler, Claudia |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the tradeoffs between domestic and productive uses of biomass energy sources in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia using a non-separable farm household model where labor and other input allocations to energy collection and farming are analyzed simultaneously. We estimate a system of five structural equations using three stages least squares and find that use of dung as a domestic fuel source has a negative impact on agricultural productivity while, use of fuelwood is associated with increased productivity. In particular, on-farm production of fuelwood appears to provide many benefits for crop productivity and labor savings, by making fuelwood collection easier and more convenient for households. The results show that households remain reliant on multiple sources of traditional biomass fuels and that these are largely complementary. At the same time, rural households have limited options to meet their domestic energy needs, and most lack access to modern fuels and technologies. The discussion suggests ways of making domestic energy collection more efficient through policy interventions aimed at the promotion of agroforestry and increasing access to new energy-efficient technologies. |
| Keywords: | agriculture, energy, fuelwood, gender, tradeoffs, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, Productivity Analysis, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205752&r=agr |
| By: | Lawal, Justina Oluyemisi; Omonona, Bolarin T.; Oluwatayo, Isaac B.; Oyekale, Abayomi S.; Salman, Kabir K. |
| Keywords: | Welfare transition, seasons, ordered Probit, cocoa farming households, Nigeria, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Consumer/Household Economics, Farm Management, Food Security and Poverty, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:201446&r=agr |
| By: | Wagstrom, Liz |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205036&r=agr |
| By: | Bhargava, Anil K. |
| Abstract: | A rapidly growing body of literature on India's landmark pro-poor legislation of the last 10 years--the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)--documents many of the direct and indirect short-run effects of the program as they have unfolded in the country's vast rural economy over the better part of the last decade. Researchers have found that NREGA increases rural unskilled wages, incentivizes technology adoption, alters cropping choices, and empowers women---all via the program's creation of minimum wage jobs for infrastructure development. While these findings help paint a fuller picture of NREGA's impact throughout the rural sector, they lack the ability to account for a key outcome: agricultural production. Many short-run impacts of NREGA may ripple further in village economies when taking into account agricultural production and shifts in crop choice due to labor, technology, and resource incentives altered by the program. This paper uses an agricultural household model framework to develop an additional farm-profit Slutsky effect that incorporates previous empirical findings on NREGA and then tests the model's predictions using a new highly-detailed national plot-level panel survey to estimate the direction and magnitude of impacts. The results can also be useful in understanding outcomes of interest in India that may be related to NREGA, including gender-specific farm production, agricultural labor use, and technology adoption. (JEL: H53, J43, O13, O33, Q12) |
| Keywords: | NREGA, India, Agriculture, Poverty, Technology Adoption, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, Political Economy, H53, J43, O13, O33, Q12, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205695&r=agr |
| By: | Sene, Seydina O.; Mishra, Ashock |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Consumer/Household Economics, Farm Management, Financial Economics, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, International Relations/Trade, Labor and Human Capital, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:206058&r=agr |
| By: | Benavidez, Justin; Richardson, James; Anderson, David |
| Abstract: | Several unique factors will make 2015 a watershed year for the CRP. First, the Agriculture Act of 2014 mandates an acreage reduction in CRP enrollment from thirty-two million acres nationwide to no more than twenty-four million acres by 2018. According to the Agriculture Act of 2014 total CRP acreage must be no more than twenty-six million acres in 2015. The mandate comes at a ‘ten-year interval’ from the beginning of the CRP, meaning that a large amount of CRP acreage is up for renewal. According to an Economic Research Service report published in August 2014, an estimated two million acres are scheduled for reenrollment at the end of fiscal year 2014. Complicating the situation further is the drastic change in crop prices over the last year. According to the Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute’s December 2014 U.S. Crop Price Update, corn price has fallen from a national average of $6.89/bu in 2012 to $4.46/bu 2013, grain sorghum from $6.33/bu to $4.48/bu, wheat from $7.70/bu to $6.70/bu, and soybeans from $14.40/bu to $13.00/bu. Prior to the price decline, per acre return disparity between CRP land and cropland would have been more significant, therefore making the decision to stay in the program or use the land for production easier for producers. This research has several objectives. The first is to provide a decision aid for producers that will help them decide at what bid price they should enter the program. This aid will take in to consideration the decision to stay in the CRP, or to go back in to production of several major row crops, or livestock. The second objective of this study will be to develop a ‘probability of acceptance’ for farmers bidding in to this program, based on their bid amount and EBI score. The final result of this paper will be a comprehensive decision aid that will inform producers on the best financial choice they can make, using their probability of acceptance. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205342&r=agr |
| By: | Pulwarty, Roger |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205062&r=agr |
| By: | Namonje-Kapembwa, Thelma; Black, Roy; Jayne, Thomas S. |
| Abstract: | Late delivery of subsidized farm inputs (seed and fertilizer) |
| Keywords: | Farm Input Subsidy Program, Late Delivery of Inputs, Technical Efficiency, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Development, Productivity Analysis, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205288&r=agr |
| By: | Shew, Aaron M.; Nalley, Lawton L.; Danforth, Diana M.; Dixon, Bruce L.; Nayga, Rodolpho M. Jr; Delwaide, Anne-Cecile |
| Abstract: | India has more than 215 million food insecure people, many of whom are farmers. Genetically modified (GM) crops have the potential to alleviate this problem by increasing food supplies and strengthening farmer livelihoods. For this to occur, two factors are critical: (1) a change in the regulatory status of GM crops, and (2) consumer acceptance of GM foods. There are generally two classifications of GM crops based on how they are bred: cisgenically-bred, derived from sexually compatible organisms, and transgenically-bred, derived from sexually incompatible organisms. Consumers may view cisgenic foods as more natural than those produced via transgenesis, thus influencing consumer acceptance. This premise was the catalyst for our study—would Indian consumers accept cisgenically-bred rice and if so, how would they value cisgenics compared to conventionally-bred rice, GM-labeled rice, and “no fungicide” rice? In this willingness-to-pay study, respondents did not view cisgenic and GM rice differently. However, participants were willing-to-pay a premium for any aforementioned rice with a “no fungicide” attribute, which cisgenics and GM could provide. Lastly, 76% and 73% of respondents stated a willingness-to-consume GM and cisgenic foods, respectively. |
| Keywords: | cisgenesis, GMO, food security, India, rice, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:204869&r=agr |
| By: | Michler, Jeffrey D.; Viens, Frederi G.; Shively, Gerald E. |
| Abstract: | We investigate the sources of variance in crop output and measure their relative importance in the context of weather index insurance for smallholder farmers. We use parcel-level panel data from South Asia and a multilevel modeling approach to isolate the different sources of variance. We then measure how large a role weather plays in explaining variance in yields. Using Bayesian methods, we draw the underlying distribution of the random error term responsible for weather uncertainty, which is highly skewed and non-normal. We find that variance in weather accounts for a small but important fraction of total variance in crop output. We also derive pricing and payout schedules for actuarially fair weather index insurance. Our results shed light on the low uptake rates of index insurance in South Asia and provide direction for designing index insurance with less basis risk for farmers. |
| Keywords: | Weather Risk, Agricultural Production, Index Insurance, Bayesian Analysis, Multilevel Models, Rural South Asia, Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, Production Economics, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, Risk and Uncertainty, C11, D81, G22, O12, O13, Q16, Q12, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205297&r=agr |
| By: | Wang, Haoluan; Swallow, Brent M. |
| Abstract: | Over the last 30 years, the Alberta Capital Region (the City of Edmonton and 23 surrounding cities, towns, villages and municipal districts) has experienced rapid population growth, economic development, and conversion of agricultural land into alternative land uses. As a result, some of the province’s most productive farmland has been converted into residential and industrial development. Between 2000 and 2012, growth rates for population and developed areas in Alberta Capital Region are approximately 30% and 50%, respectively. For all newly added developed areas, almost 90% were converted from agricultural land (Haarsma, 2014). Concerns about the pace and pattern of development and conversion have thus led to the creation of the Capital Region Board in 2009 and the provincial Land Use Framework in 2008. Despite the historical rates of conversion and the policy attention it has prompted, little research has been conducted to examine what values are being lost as a result of agricultural land conversion. This research has thus been undertaken to assess the multiple values of land in agricultural uses in the Alberta Capital Region, Canada. Some values (e.g., the market value of agricultural commodities) accrue mainly to private individuals and firms, while others (e.g., biodiversity conservation values) accrue to society in general. Values of some agricultural uses, such as those associated with the production of “local food”, regulation of water and air quality, or maintenance of peri-urban green spaces, may be weighed very differently by different interest groups. Based on existing literature, we extend the valuation with an application of ecosystem goods and services that Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) proposes. The objectives of the study are three-fold: (1) Estimate values that residents in the region place on conserving land in different agricultural uses; (2) Explore the links between those values and residents’ affinity with different ecosystem goods and services; and (3) Identify areas and strategies that are of particular interest to the public for conservation in agricultural uses. The study began with a series of focus groups. Three focus group discussions were held with selected experts to define the context, scope and objectives of the empirical study, and one focus group with a random selection of study area residents to pre-test the survey. The second part of the study involved an internet-based survey with a panel of Alberta Capital Region residents recruited by the survey firm, Qualtrics. The survey instrument includes background information on the respondents’ attitudes toward conservation, and an attribute-based choice experiment. This method defines non-market valuation such as the values of environmental goods or services in terms of various attributes including price, and then assesses the respondents’ Willingness To Pay (WTP) for specific bundles of attributes (Grafton et al. 2003). The choice experiments ask respondents to consider an alternative conservation strategy for land in a specific agricultural use, in a specific type of area, with a specific cost, as opposed to the status quo that would result in no policy change. The conceptual model is derived from the standard random utility specification in which utility is divided into observable and unobservable components (Hanemann 1984). In the model, utility contains a deterministic component that consists of the observable attributes (In our case, that is, type of agricultural use, acres conserved, adjacent area, location proximity, and one-time cost), and a random unobservable component. The empirical estimation starts with a simple Multinomial Logit Model. We also use a Multinominal Logit Model with interaction terms to evaluate the effects of individual characteristics such as gender, residence, shopping behaviors, and attitudes towards government policies. More advanced models, such as Latent Class Model and Random Parameter Model, are also estimated to provide further insight into heterogeneity. This research contributes to identifying agricultural regions of outstanding conservation values so that they can be protected against future land conversion. The results indicate that relative to land adjacent to primary highways, land adjacent to conservation buffers is generally preferred for conservation in agricultural uses. Additionally, residents place higher values on land within a 10-kilometer buffer to currently developed areas over land within city limits. Regarding agricultural uses, livestock grazing on native pasture has the highest values, with hay land ranking second. Values for vegetable farms vary from group to group, and residents who do not typically get food from farmers’ markets, community gardens or farms have the lowest WTP for vegetable farms. Women generally place considerably higher value on farmland conservation than men. Residence, whether the respondents are from Edmonton or surrounding counties, does not seem to make a difference on values of land in agricultural uses. Furthermore, concerns for local food production, water purification and air quality are the top reasons for conserving land in agricultural uses. Further research in this study will use the welfare measure from the WTP estimation in cost-benefit analyses to inform decisions on land use changes, including the creation, restoration and compensation of agricultural or natural areas. The non-market values of ecosystem goods and services associated with different agricultural uses can also be compared to the financial costs of such projects. Local governments have already expressed interest in those analyses. |
| Keywords: | Choice Experiment, Agricultural Land Conservation, Peri-urban, Canada, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205305&r=agr |
| By: | Nastari, Plinio |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, International Development, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205045&r=agr |
| By: | Droege, Sam |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205064&r=agr |
| By: | Skelly, Carol |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao14:205014&r=agr |
| By: | Tran, Anh N.; Cooper, Joseph |
| Keywords: | Storage model, commodity support programs, anticipated climatic variability, Agricultural and Food Policy, Demand and Price Analysis, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205429&r=agr |
| By: | Meng, Ting; Florkowski, Wojciech J.; Sarpong, Daniel; Chinnan, Manjeet; Resurreccion, Anna V. A. |
| Abstract: | The study found that beside socioeconomic and demographic factors (including income, education, marital status, age, and household composition), the fresh vegetable, fresh fruit, and peanut product expenditure are affected by location in urbanized areas of Ghana, and the location interacts with income in determining the food expenditure. |
| Keywords: | Regional difference, ANOVA, Multivariate Tobit model, socioeconomic factors, demographic factors., Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea14:162427&r=agr |
| By: | Pedersen, Michael Friis |
| Keywords: | Agricultural, Finance, Production, Economics, Sole Proprietorship, Cost of Capital, Agricultural Finance, Farm Management, Financial Economics, Production Economics, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205412&r=agr |
| By: | Boys, Kathryn A.; Caswell, Julie A.; Hoffmann, Sandra A.; Colarusso, Samantha |
| Abstract: | Business and consumer demand for private, third-party, and public systems that audit and certify food safety is growing both domestically and internationally. As it has been proposed that third-party certification systems be used to help assure the safety of imported food products governed by FSMA, demand for these standards is likely to further increase. It is unknown, however, to what extent the food safety certification industry has the capacity to accommodate this expanding demand. This is particularly true of regions where third-party firms which provide audits to food safety standards (certification bodies), do not have a large presence. This study offers a first, in-depth, and comprehensive effort at assessing the industrial organization of global food safety certification industry. Using a unique dataset developed for this study, we inventory the food safety certification industry and the firms that certify individual farms, food processors, and food manufacturers to a broad range of national and international food safety standards. An assessment of the geographic distribution of certification bodies is then undertaken to identify areas in potential need of additional food safety certification capacity. Implications of these findings are considered. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Industrial Organization, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205870&r=agr |
| By: | Dessalegn, Mengistu; Merrey, D. J. |
| Abstract: | Based on a case study in Ethiopia, this paper shows that while farmers understand the social nature of community-managed irrigation, they share a narrow understanding of pump irrigation with policymakers as being primarily ‘technical’. They perceive pumps as liberating them from the ‘social’ limitations of traditional communal irrigation. However, the rapid expansion of pump irrigation is leading to increasing competition and conflict over limited water resources. We analyze the wider implications for Africa of this lack of visibility of the social dimension of pump irrigation, and offer suggestions for future policy and applied research to address the problem before it becomes a widespread crisis. |
| Keywords: | Social aspects Cooperation Traditional farming Small scale farming Irrigation schemes Irrigation methods Agriculture Technology Pumps Rural areas Poverty Productivity Groundwater Water resources Farmers Rivers Case studies, Agricultural and Food Policy, Farm Management, Productivity Analysis, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmirp:201004&r=agr |
| By: | Asadullah, M Niaz; Hossain, Marup; Hossain, Md Amzad; Ara, Jinnat |
| Abstract: | We study the role of food price rising and income generating assets as determinants of household food insecurity among the extreme poor in rural Bangladesh for the period 2002-2011. We do so in the context of an anti-poverty program, targeting the ultra-poor (TUP), which transferred productive livestock assets to the very poor. We find a positive significant impact of the asset transfers on household’s food security irrespective of whether we use subjective or objective measures of food security. Most importantly we find that the long-term impact of the program (estimated over 2002-2011) is smaller compared to mid-term (2002-2008) and short-term (2002-2005) impacts for all the indicators. We test whether this declining program impact is driven by the steep rise in food prices in the post-2007 period. We find that in the pre-crisis period participant households benefited while in the post crisis period they affected negatively by the price shock. This result explains the declining effect of TUP program. Our analysis therefore illustrates how the external shocks can undermine the effectiveness of an otherwise well-functioning anti-poverty program. |
| Keywords: | food price rise, food security, livestock assets, poverty, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Development, Livestock Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, Risk and Uncertainty, O12, I30, D50, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205680&r=agr |
| By: | Hernandez-Aguilera, Juan N.; Gómez, Miguel I.; Rodewald, Amanda D.; Rueda, Ximena; Anunu, Colleen; Bennett, Ruth; Schindelbeck, Robert R.; van Es, Harold M. |
| Abstract: | The Relationship Coffee Model (RCM) is an emerging business model in the coffee value chain that promotes long-term partnerships between coffee buyers and smallholder growers based on transparency, product quality and value sharing. However, to date, there are limited studies assessing outcomes for the smallholder growers participating in high-quality coffee value chains and specifically in models such as RCM. We developed a framework to examine how geography, environmental conditions, production practices and technology affect coffee quality, and consequently, grower’s ability to participate in RCM. In turn, we evaluated the impact of RCM participation on key environmental, socio-economic, and technological indicators. Using data collected from 265 Colombian smallholder growers, we examined relationships among socio-economic characteristics, soil quality indicators, coffee landscape characteristics, bird populations, and product quality scores. Our estimation based on propensity score matching indicated that RCM participants employ more environmentally-friendly resource management practices, have better understanding of the coffee business and are more optimistic about the future of the industry, relative to non-participants. Although farm gate prices did not significantly differ between the two groups, RCM participants had increased access to credit. Overall, the estimated impacts suggest that RCM contributes to integrate smallholder growers into global-coffee markets and generates socioenvironmental benefits. |
| Keywords: | Specialty coffee, relationship coffee model, sustainable agriculture, cooperatives, propensity-score matching, Agribusiness, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, International Relations/Trade, Land Economics/Use, Marketing, Q13, Q17, Q20, |
| Date: | 2015–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205650&r=agr |
| By: | Pena-Levano, Luis M.; Taheripour, Farzad; Tyner, Wallace E. |
| Keywords: | Forest carbon sequestration, Emissions, General Equilibrium, climate change, crop yield, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, International Relations/Trade, Land Economics/Use, Q15, R52, Q54, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205629&r=agr |
| By: | Dai, Jiawu; Li, Xun; Wang, Xiuqing; Yu, Qiushuo; Mao, Xiaojie |
| Abstract: | Pork market, as one of the most important food markets in China, is frequently exposed to food scare events such as Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), Swine Influenza (SI), and Classical Swine Fever (CSF). This research first investigates the impact of food scare incidents on pork market in China with a theoretical framework, proving that if there is no market power, farm-retail price spread should be a function of marketing cost only. Using monthly data of pork retail price and pork producer price from 2001 to 2014, empirical analysis provides evidence that food scare events significantly influence both pork retail price and farm-retail price spread, indicating the existence of market power in Chinese pork market as well as the differential impact of food scares on retailers and producers. |
| Keywords: | food scares, market power, price spread, Chinese pork market, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Development, Livestock Production/Industries, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205121&r=agr |
| By: | Weaver, Amanda S.; Lusk, Jayson |
| Abstract: | A new means to the end of expressing one’s identity or individuality has grown in popularity in recent years; food is much more to consumers than the basic physiological needs of food. Consumers have diversified into a wide range of food personality types with different perceptions of the role food should play in their lives. This paper uses factor analysis and compares these food personality factors with food attributes factors consisting of non-price features of food products. Results show that identity is expressed via food at differing levels and income level does have some influence. |
| Keywords: | identity, food personality, food attributes, hierarchy of needs, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea14:162424&r=agr |
| By: | Birur, Dileep K.; Aguiar, Angel; Narayanan, Badri G. |
| Abstract: | With global population expected to reach 9 billion by 2050 (UN, 2009), achieving food security for all, while addressing competing priorities for land and other resources, is a key challenge of the 21st century. Most of the growth in demand for food is expected to come from the developing countries. The rural-urban divide in terms of food security, among the poor households, in these countries is often found to be considerable. India is a key global player, as a leading emerging economy, with a strong impact it had on the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) latest negotiations, in the food security context. Until 2013, India followed a welfare based approach of distributing food grains to its low income group at an issue price which is much lower than its market price or procurement price. Then, the Government of India passed the National Food Security Act 2013 (NFSA, also called the Right to Food Act due to its rights based approach). The NFSA entails providing subsidized food grains to nearly 75% of the rural population and 50% of the urban population. There is a disconnect in the literature between two sets of hypotheses – household-type-level differences in food security to be addressed by policies such as NFSA and the distortions arising from it. In this study, we attempt to bridge this gap by examining the economy wide and household level implications of India’s NFSA within the context of global food security challenges. We utilize MyGTAP data program (Minor and Walmsley, 2013), and MyGTAP model (Walmsley and Minor, 2013) to demonstrate implications of implementing NFSA by introducing equivalent food consumption subsidies in India in the place of any existing subsidies. Our analysis may help addressing global debate on subsidizing food consumption, particularly in the context of concerns articulated mainly by India on behalf of the developing countries, on the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) clauses on food subsidies. |
| Keywords: | Food Security, India, Computable General Equilibrium, Household Behavior, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, C68, Q18, D1, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205795&r=agr |
| By: | Zanasi, Cesare; Rota, Cosimo; Severi, Claudia; Demadonna, Anna |
| Abstract: | The rapid expansion of Argentinian soy production, led by the increase in the international soy demand for food feed and biofuel production, deeply influenced the entire Argentinian society economy and environment. Genetically modified soy has become a strategic product for the Latin American country, strongly supporting the entire economy and the welfare state thanks to the income derived from soy production and export taxations. The influence of the GM soy production strongly modified in particular the economic, and social structure of the rural areas creating new supply chain agents and making the “contract agriculture” the dominant model. Among the many consequences of this rapid expansion of the soy supply it is increasingly argued that the Argentinian Food and nutrition security can be affected, in particular the access to cheap and good quality beef. The Argentinian ban on beef export reflects the attempt to support the internal supply of beef, thus guaranteeing a low price for the consumers. One of the main factors influencing the reduction of beef supply, however, is its substitution with the more profitable GM soy. The goal of this paper is to analyse the joint effects of the GM soy production in Argentina and of the change in the country price and income levels, on the Food and Nutrition Security for the Argentinian population, considering three different categories of food: vegetables, animal origin products and, within this category, beef. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was adopted, where food consumption (calories from animal and vegetal origin food plus calories form beef) have been related to the food prices indexes, the income pro-capita and the expansion of soy cultivated areas. The statistical analysis showed that the present model of agricultural production, based on export- oriented GM soy production is affecting negatively food security, in particular the consumption of beef, one of the staple food in Argentinian diet. A substitution effect where beef is substituted with vegetable and other animal origin products emerged as a possible explanation of the results obtained in the three different models. Further study should better examine these substitution effects and how the overall diet composition changed in quality as well as quantity and how much the change in Food and nutrition security affected the different ranks of the Argentinean population. The present study represents a first, relatively simple approach to understanding the complex dynamics affecting the local as well as global consequences of a very fast and still growing expansion of the soy cultivation in Argentina. Considering its strategic role in the country present uncertain economic situation, further analysis should better focus on adopting more complex methods of analysis where the Argentinian institutional, economic and social context should be taken into consideration. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iefi15:206230&r=agr |
| By: | Madhavan-Nambiar, Padmanand; Florkowski, Wojciech; Chinnan, Manjeet; Ressurrecion, Anna |
| Abstract: | Factors affecting fresh fruit and vegetable expenditures in urban households of Uganda are analyzed employing the censored quantile regression. Results indicate that income elasticity of expenditure for fresh fruits exceeds one in 25th quantile, and reduces drastically in upper quantiles; for fresh vegetables income is relatively inelastic across different quantiles. |
| Keywords: | Republic of Uganda, censored quantile regression, multivariate probit, ncome elasticity of expenditures, fresh fruits and vegetables, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Marketing, Q12, Q13, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:saea14:162414&r=agr |
| By: | Awondo, Sebastain N.; Octavio, Ramirez; Colson, Gregory; Kostandini, Genti; Fonsah, Esendugue |
| Abstract: | We investigate how self-protection from the adoption of Improved Maize Varieties (IMV) and off-farm income affects risk premiums for smallholder maize producers in Uganda. To unbundle these effects, we specify the cost of risk to explicitly capture four risk components - mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis. Using unique plot-level panel data for Uganda, we estimate and test moments of a flexible production function based on an expanded form of the Johnson SU family distribution and proceed to simulate the degree of responsiveness of risk premiums and welfare estimates to marginal changes in the share of land under IMV and off-farm income. Scenarios of joint adoption of IMV accompanied with low and high application of inorganic fertilizer, and the effect of off-farm income when there is high and low supply of farm labor are examined. Results show that the use of IMV and off-farm income substantially reduces risk premiums and the individual effect is much higher under low fertilizer application and high supply of farm labor, respectively. Thus implying that self-protection is likely to reduce the propensity for index insurance especially if its design fails to consider the reduction in downside risk. |
| Keywords: | Self-protection Improved maize varieties Off-farm Income Insurance, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Development, Risk and Uncertainty, O12, O15, O33, C16, Q12, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:206226&r=agr |
| By: | Koutchadé, Philippe; Carpentier, Alain; Féménia, Fabienne |
| Abstract: | To account for the effects of heterogeneity in micro-econometric models has been major concern in labor economics, empirical industrial organization or trade economics for at least two decades. The micro-econometric agricultural production choice models found in the literature largely ignore the impacts of unobserved heterogeneity. This can partly be explained by the dimension of these models which deal with large choice sets, e.g., acreage choices, input demands and yield supplies. We propose a random parameter framework to account for the unobserved heterogeneity in micro-econometric agricultural production choices models. This approach allows accounting for unobserved farms’ and farmers’ heterogeneity in a fairly flexible way. We estimate a system of yield supply and acreage choice equations with a panel set of French crop growers. Our results show that heterogeneity significantly matters in our empirical application and that ignoring the heterogeneity of farmers’ choice processes can have important impacts on simulation outcomes. Due to the dimension of the estimation problem and the functional form of the considered production choice model, the Simulated Maximum Likelihood approach usually considered in the applied econometrics literature in such context is empirically intractable. We show that specific versions of the Stochastic Expectation-Maximization algorithms proposed in the statistics literature can be implemented. |
| Keywords: | Unobserved heterogeneity, random parameter models, agricultural production choices, Farm Management, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, Q12, C13, C15, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205098&r=agr |
| By: | Kadjo, Didier; Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob; Alexander, Corinne |
| Abstract: | This paper uses household survey data from Benin to evaluate how grain quality affects maize prices in rural markets of sub-Saharan Africa. Stated preference methods reveal that a 10% increase in insect damage results in a 9% maize price discount. However, revealed preference results from farmers involved in past market transactions indicate that this discount is only 3 %. Evidence also suggests that this discount is larger in periods of maize abundance than in the lean periods when maize is scarce. Our results contribute to explain why many smallholder farmers sell maize at harvest and do not invest in storage technology that would improve grain quality later in the season. |
| Keywords: | grain quality, maize price, revealed preference, stated preference, lean period, sub-Saharan Africa, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, Marketing, O12, O13, Q13, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205503&r=agr |
| By: | Dentoni, Domenico; Dries, Liesbeth |
| Keywords: | Commodity Exchange, Malawi, marketing, market-support institutions, institutional entrepreneurship., Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Development, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205709&r=agr |
| By: | Ollinger, Michael; Bovay, John; Hrdlicka, Megan; Wilkus, James |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the impact of changes in the regulatory standards enforced by the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service on the Salmonella test performance of chicken-slaughter establishments. Regulatory changes include open disclosure of establishments with poor performance on Salmonella tests and rigorous Salmonella standards. Empirical results show that public disclosure of establishments with mediocre or poor levels of performance on Salmonella tests led to a substantial drop in Salmonella levels over the 2008−2010 period, which allowed FSIS to later reduce its tolerance for acceptable levels of Salmonella in chicken by 50 percent. |
| Keywords: | food safety, chicken slaughter, broilers, salmonella, regulation, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Industrial Organization, |
| Date: | 2015–07–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205408&r=agr |
| By: | Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Smakhtin, Vladimir |
| Abstract: | A review of global water demand projections (WDPs) show substantial overpredictions or under-predictions. The pre-1990 WDPs, with population as the main driver of change, overpredicted current water use by 20 to 130%. The post-1990 WDPs, with sophisticated modeling frameworks, show substantial underestimation under the ‘business-as-usual’ scenarios and are more downward biased under sustainable scenarios. Overall, the value of long-term country-level projections in global WDPs is inadequate for local water resource planning. To increase the accuracy and value of global WDPs, future WDPs should take into account the spatial variation and influence of rapidly changing key exogenous and endogenous drivers of water demand in different sectors across and within countries, and provide a sensitivity analysis of projections. |
| Keywords: | Water demand Forecasting Water resources Planning Domestic water Secondary sector Agricultural sector Irrigation efficiency Water use Economic growth Income, Agricultural and Food Policy, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:iwmirp:201006&r=agr |
| By: | Yang, Guolei; Huang, Jikun; Kalkuhl, Matthias; von Braun, Joachim; Hu, Jiliang |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205665&r=agr |
| By: | Pambo, Kennedy; Otieno, David; Okello, Julius |
| Abstract: | Food fortification presents practical and cost-effective alternative to the fight against micronutrient malnutrition. Vitamin A deficiency and lack of iron bears the greatest economic importance in Kenya. To understand the potential for mass industrial fortification programs, the study assessed the consumers’ willingness-to-pay for fortified sugar using choice experiment approach, on a sample of 162 sugar consumers drawn from Western Kenya. The results revealed that consumers are willing to pay positive premiums for most fortified sugar attributes, except the attribute involving sensory characteristics. The study conclude by suggesting specific sugar fortification targets for various consumer segments. |
| Keywords: | Vitamin A deficiency, fortification, sugar, choice experiment, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:202970&r=agr |
| By: | Yenerall, Jackie; You, Wen; Hill, Jennie |
| Abstract: | While previous research has consistently identified neighborhoods in the United States that suffer from poor access to grocery stores, identify what, if any, effect this has on consumption and health outcomes has resulted in mixed findings. This may be due to two weakensses: first, a lack of consistent theoretical framework and second, a use of methods that do not account for the spatial nature of the data. The purpose of this paper is to address these weakensses by utilizing the household production model to capture multiple dimensions of access, and investigate possible spatial correlation in a dataset collected in the Dan River Region in southern Virginia. |
| Keywords: | food security, obesity, access, household production model, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea15:205538&r=agr |
| By: | Corti Paul, Lakuma; Ezra, Munyambonera; Madina, Guloba |
| Abstract: | Tea is an important export commodity for Uganda. Increasing its output and quality remains at the heart of increasing Uganda’s tea export competitiveness. However, increased export competitiveness hasn’t been achieved due to a number of reasons, some of which are cost of production, limited research, inadequate processing facilities, barriers to land acquisition and poor farmer organization. This is especially true with smallholder farmers who do not have access to some of the resources that estates farmers do. A study by Munyambonera et. al. (2014)1 using data from the International Tea Committee (2012) provide lessons to Uganda on how Kenya increased its export value and volume through increasing of output and improving of quality. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Financial Economics, Industrial Organization, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Relations/Trade, Livestock Production/Industries, Marketing, Production Economics, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eprcpb:206184&r=agr |