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on Agricultural Economics |
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Issue of 2015‒05‒16
94 papers chosen by |
| By: | Kimura, Junko |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200232&r=agr |
| By: | Chenarides, Lauren; Jaenicke, Edward C.; Volpe, Richard J. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202710&r=agr |
| By: | Kerr, Suzi |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, International Relations/Trade, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202528&r=agr |
| By: | Maertens, Miet; Swinnen, Johan |
| Abstract: | The system of global agricultural and food trade is undergoing rapid processes of change, with important implications for economic development. In this paper we document and discuss these changes; including the rapid growth and structural change in agri-food trade, the increased consolidation in food supply chains, the proliferation of public and private food standards, high and volatile food prices, and increased vertical coordination in the chains. We investigate what the implications are of these changes for developing countries, for their participation in international agricultural trade as well as for economic development, income mobility and poverty reduction in rural areas. |
| Keywords: | global food supply chains,vertical coordination,food standards,food prices,developing countries |
| JEL: | F13 L14 O19 O24 Q17 Q18 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:wtowps:ersd201504&r=agr |
| By: | Syamsudin, Nur; Wegener, Malcolm |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202587&r=agr |
| By: | Barjolle, Dominique; Schmitt, Emilia; Cravero, Virginia; Tanquerey-Cado, Anaëlle |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200318&r=agr |
| By: | Nwaiwu, I.O.U.; Asiabaka, C.C.; Ohajianya, D.O. |
| Abstract: | The study was carried out in southeast Nigeria. It focused on green economic path and the severe implications of the alternative development pathways as typified by the devastating effects of climate change on agricultural productivity. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample of 312 cassava based food crop farmers. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire. Total factor productivity was used as an index of agricultural productivity. The effects of climate change on productivity were determined using ordinary least square regression method. Results showed that the mean age, household size, annual household income and farm size of farmers in the study area were 51 years, 8 persons per home, ₦391,530.64 and 0.84 hectares respectively. It was also found that factors such as excessive heat (Eh), frequency of dry spell (Ds) and frequency or incidence of flooding and erosion (Fd) negatively affected agricultural productivity while volume of rainfall positively affected productivity. The study concluded that extreme poverty is a threat to the quest for green economy and safe environment. Hence the need for a synergy among nations towards poverty reduction, cleaner and more sustainable development strategies and enlightenment campaign on the need for low carbon technologies. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Productivity, Climate, Green economy, Poverty, and Carbon, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, International Development, Q13, O1. O2, O3, 04, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204226&r=agr |
| By: | Renwick, Alan |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202576&r=agr |
| By: | Seitz, Carolin Claudia; Roosen, Jutta |
| Abstract: | Food markets have become more and more globalized. In parallel, the interest in locally grown food products has evolved rapidly. The question arises as to what market potential domestic food products can develop in a regional market relative to export markets. We examine the relationship between consumer ethnocentrism, product image and product involvement regarding locally grown food products. Additionally, the concept of Aaker’s brand personality has been applied. There exists a positive relation between consumer ethnocentrism and the attitude towards domestic food products. Different brand personalities were uncovered to create a strong marketing identity for a region and its food. |
| Keywords: | Brand Personality, Consumer Ethnocentrism, Product Image, Product Involvement, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, M31, Q13, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200158&r=agr |
| By: | Richter, Beate; Bokelmann, Wolfgang |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202715&r=agr |
| By: | Ahodo, Kwadjo; Freckleton, Robert P.; Oglethorpe, David |
| Abstract: | The paper investigates the effect of variations in soil type, rainfall, N fertilizer amount and crop prices on the objectives of arable farms operating in Nitrogen Vulnerable Zones (NVZs) and receiving the Single Farm Payment (SFP). Sensitivity analysis was carried out using a mixed-integer programming (MIP) arable farm model (farmR). The farmR model estimates the arable farming objectives of interest: farm profit, crop complexity and risk minimization. Applying the 2014 SFP flat rate and the maximum N limits (N max) values (prescribed in the NVZ guidelines) to each crop, N max was varied under different soil types and rainfall interactions. Crop prices were also varied to illustrate the effectiveness of the SFP under a scenario of high crop prices. The results showed that even though applying N above N max increases farm productivity under all soil and rainfall interactions, doing so and forgoing the SFP reduces farm productivity and increases risk. The SFP thus acts as a payment for the opportunity cost to farms for not being able to apply N above N max. However under a scenario of crop price increases, applying above N max and forfeiting the SFP could generate higher productivity than at the N max level. |
| Keywords: | Single farm payment, sensitivity analysis, nitrogen vulnerable zones, arable farming, mixed integer programming., Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Farm Management, C61, Q18, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204231&r=agr |
| By: | Wongprawmas, Rungsaran; Canavari, Maurizio |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202744&r=agr |
| By: | Lees, Nic; Nuthall, Peter |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202530&r=agr |
| By: | Gramig, Benjamin M.; Widmar, Nicole J.O. |
| Abstract: | One common element in many voluntary and regulatory carbon markets to date has been the inclusion of emissions offsets that can be sold by entities outside of emission caps. A particularly low cost means of sequestering atmospheric carbon is reducing tillage of agricultural soils. A choice experiment is conducted with corn and soybean farmers in Indiana, USA to measure farmers' willingness to change tillage practices to supply carbon offsets by estimating their willingness to accept (WTA) payment related to different attributes of active and proposed carbon markets. This research is unique in its focus on the supply side of the market for environmental services, and contributes to the nascent literature on the valuation of the ‘means’ of achieving an improvement in environmental quality, rather than the environmental ‘end’ result of a proposed policy or market. Understanding farmers' preferences and willingness to adjust practices is vital to designing schemes that farmers will participate in so that global carbon abatement efforts can be achieved in the most cost-effective ways possible. We investigate attribute non-attendance (ANA) in our sample, estimate and compare WTA amongst adopters and non-adopters of no-till, and compare WTA with current carbon prices to evaluate the prospects for increased adoption. |
| Keywords: | offsets, tillage, choice experiment, attribute non-attendance, climate change, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Q12, Q24, Q51, Q54, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204203&r=agr |
| By: | Reader, Mark A; Revoredo-Giha, Cesar; Lawrence, Rachel J.; Lang, Ben GA |
| Abstract: | AIM: Crop variable inputs (CVI's) are critical to successful crops. So we here ask: "What are the marginal returns to crop variable inputs?" And explore whether observed CVI levels maximise economic returns to farmers. We compare results to national aggregates in India. DATA: Analysed Farm Business Survey 2004-2012, where crop gross margins and input spending are available, for conventional winter wheat and oilseed in England and Wales. RESULTS: Marginal spending on variable inputs (e.g. seed, fertiliser, crop protection) returns in economic product significantly less than GBP£1 per marginal pound spent. Therefore, expenditure allocation on those inputs could be quite far from economic optima. However marginal physical products (yields) are positive, but small, and significantly different from zero. These conclusions hold across a wide range of alternative economic models and subsets of the data. The same conclusions are observed, in estimations for Indian grain production, and for maize in China where lower national rates of fertiliser application appear optimal. DISCUSSION: Unknowns, including yield, quality and price, make it difficult to optimise ex ante input levels. Tied advice could reduce the efficiency in the farm sector - owing to possible perverse incentives. And the preferences of farmers, may be to avoid risk, or to maximise yields. Farmers may also be biased - relative to full information and perfect competition. All of which might distort prices from the neoclassical equilibria with perfect information and perfect competition. Thus, one could ask "How useful are the prices seen in practice, for allocation in the context of the farmer behaviour reported here?" |
| Keywords: | Marginal Products, Marginal Profit, (Efficiency Ratios, Factor Coefficients, Factor Elasticities), Farm Variable Inputs, Fertiliser Use, Agricultural Productivity, Farm Enterprise Management, Farm Firms, Wheat, Oilseed Rape, England and Wales, Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Q12, Q120, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204236&r=agr |
| By: | Tomić, Marina; Matulić, Daniel; Jelić, Margareta |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202695&r=agr |
| By: | Caillavet, F.; Fadhuile, A.; Nichèle, V. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Financial Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202738&r=agr |
| By: | De Rosa, Marcello; Bartoli, Luca; Chiappini, Silvia |
| Abstract: | The paper deals with the support system of geographical indications (GIs): more precisely, it aims at investigating the territorial dynamics of the rural knowledge, by analysing the role of agricultur al extension systems (AES) as tool to support farm’s management and innovation in GI areas. By putting forward a milieu innovateur approach, we intend to verify eventual differences between GI and not GI farms in knowledge transfer and innovation adoption. Interaction and learning logics at the basis of this approach confirm differences even though with some exception based on territorial characteristics and models of AES governance. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Extension, Innovative Milieus, GI, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200228&r=agr |
| By: | Kabir, Md. Jahangir; Cramb, Rob; Alauddin, Mohammad |
| Abstract: | Farming in coastal Bangladesh includes rice/shrimp and rice/non-rice cropping systems. The former has been highly profitable but has exacerbated salinization of soil and water. We evaluate the relative profitability, riskiness, and sustainability of the two cropping systems, using data from two coastal villages in Khulna District. Shrimp cultivation was initially very rewarding. However, over 12-15 years the cropping system experienced declining profitability, increased salinity, and adverse impacts on rice cropping and the local environment. From 2009, farmers adapted the system by changing the pond (gher) infrastructure, adopting delayed planting of a saline-tolerant rice cultivar, flushing out accumulated salt with freshwater during rice cropping, and allowing the soil to dry out after harvesting rice. The budgeting results show that, with current management practices, the rice/shrimp system is economically more viable (higher returns to land and labour and less risky) than the rice/non-rice system. Soil analyses showed that, while salinity was higher in the gher during the dry season, it was significantly reduced in the wet season and was very similar between the two systems (1-2 dS/m). Hence, as well as being more profitable and less risky, the rice/shrimp system may well be more sustainable than previously observed. |
| Keywords: | coastal zone, salinity, rice, shrimp, farm budgeting, risk analysis, sustainability, Crop Production/Industries, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202981&r=agr |
| By: | Ellison, Breanna; Bernard, John; Paukett, Michelle; Toensmeyer, Ulrich C. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202706&r=agr |
| By: | Wirth, David |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the legal and policy relationship reinforcement amongst international standards for GIs, food safety standards, and other claims of quality or safety. The paper addresses those relationships within the context of international trade agreements protecting GIs, such as the 1994 TRIPS Agreement, the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), and the chapter on intellectual property and geographical indications in the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) currently under negotiation. Trade agreements also discipline food safety measures and non-GI indications of quality or safety such as “organic” and “GMO-free.” Accordingly, the paper also considers the extent to which international trade agreements such as the WTO Agreements on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards (SPS Agreement) and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) might interact with the analysis. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200343&r=agr |
| By: | Vasić, Aleksandra |
| Abstract: | This Article analyzes harmonization of regulations adopted by the Republic of Serbia in the field of protecting geographical indications with the EU relevant regulations. Full harmonization with the acquis communautaire should create a possibility for Serbia to sell its products on the World Market and to protect these brands legally. Serbia is rich in natural, agricultural and food products produced in undeveloped rural areas. However, unlike European producers, producers in Serbia have not sufficiently recognized their economic interest to protect their products with geographical indications and are less likely to use this type of protection. Therefore, we believe that an adequate system of protection harmonized with European and International Standards represents a significant economic potential for developing rural areas and can provide competitiveness of Serbian products labeled with geographical indications both on European and International Market. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200346&r=agr |
| By: | Ferto, Imre; Bojnec, Stefan |
| Abstract: | The paper investigates determinants of quality upgrading in the European Union agri-food exports using panel data models in the 2000-2011 period. Employing highly disaggregated data we show that export unit value is positively associated with level of economic development and the size of population. Our results indicate negative impacts of comparative advantages and trade costs on export quality upgrading. Estimations confirm the important role of income distribution in quality specialization. The income inequality increases specialization in high quality varieties for rich countries. Results are robust to alternative subsamples including vertical specialized and final agri-food products. |
| Keywords: | export quality, income inequality, vertical comparative advantage, agri-food exports, European Union, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade, Q17, D31, C33, C55, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204225&r=agr |
| By: | Arboretti Giancristofaro, Rosa; Bordignon, Paolo |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202707&r=agr |
| By: | Rossini, Gustavo; Vicentin, Jimena; Depetris, Edith |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Livestock Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202739&r=agr |
| By: | Buckley, Cathal; Wall, David P.; Moran, Brian; O'Neill, Stephen; Murphy, Paul N.C. |
| Abstract: | This research estimates farm gate phosphorus balances and use efficiencies across 147 specialist dairy farms over a seven year period (2006-2012) using nationally representative data and the Republic of Ireland as a case study. This period coincides with the introduction of phosphorus controls in agricultural production under EU Nitrates Directive based regulations. Results indicate that P balances declined by 50 per cent over the study period from 11.9 in 2006 to 6.0 Kgs Ha-1 in 2012. This decline was driven by a reduction in chemical fertiliser imports of 6.5 Kgs Ha-1 and is equivalent to a reduction of 281 kgs of P across the average farm and 2,392 tonnes of P across the weighted sample. This represents a cost saving of €812 per annum across the average farm and €6.89 million for the weighted sample over the study period. Phosphorus use efficiency also improved over the period from 60 per cent in 2006 to 78 per cent in 2012, peaking in 2011 at 88.3 per cent. Results of a random effects panel data model indicate that P balance and use efficiency are significantly influenced by factors such as fertiliser prices, stocking rates, land use potential, contact with extension services and rainfall patterns. |
| Keywords: | Phosphorus, farm gate balance, phosphorus use efficiency, random effects panel data model., Agribusiness, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204207&r=agr |
| By: | Ratinger, Tomas; Boskova, Iveta; Tomka, Adam |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202742&r=agr |
| By: | Russo, Carlo; Tufi, Eleonora |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202740&r=agr |
| By: | Barjolle, Dominique; Brecic, Ruzica; Cerjak, Marija; Giraud, Georges |
| Abstract: | Te aim of this paper is to explore consumers' perceptions and habits regarding traditional food in the Western Balkan Countries. In each Western Balkan country, two focus groups were carried-out (total twelve focus groups; eight to ten participants per each – total sample of 104 participants). Results of this study show that consumer motives for the choice of traditional products pertain to higher health, safety, sensory and increasingly also sustainability beliefs and expectation. Results of this study show many similarities in perception as and habits towards traditional food in different WBC. Marketing techniques are critical in conveying authenticity and enhancing the attractiveness of traditional food. |
| Keywords: | Traditional food, Consumers’ Perceptions, Western Balkan Countries, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200233&r=agr |
| By: | Hoolohan, Claire; McLachlan, Carly |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202743&r=agr |
| By: | Bazzani, Claudia; Vincenzina, Caputo; Nayga, Rodolfo M. Jr.; Canavari, Maurizio |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202751&r=agr |
| By: | Algieri, Bernardina; Kalkuhl, Matthias; Koch, Nicolas |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Financial Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202529&r=agr |
| By: | Banovic, Marija; Duesberg, Stefanie; Renwick, Alan; Keane, Mark; Bogue, Pat |
| Abstract: | Ireland’s agriculture is characterised by an ageing farmer population and small average farm sizes. Past policy schemes developed to address these issues have been targeted at accelerating succession and retirement processes in agriculture. Their success however was limited. The process of succession, inheritance and retirement is complex and the decision-making of farm families in these situations is influenced by many factors. In order to develop more successful policies to encourage the early transfer of land and to increase farm sizes a better understanding of these factors is necessary. The paper addresses this question by employing a Neural Network Analysis with data collected through a survey of Irish farmers’ perception on succession and land mobility measures in 2012. The analysis shows that while many farmers in general are in favour of various land mobility measures, they would not consider taking advantage of any of them, which in part could be explained by a large number of farmers being unwilling to totally retire from farming. |
| Keywords: | Farm Management, International Development, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204200&r=agr |
| By: | Weinrich, Ramona; Franz, Annabell; Spiller, Achim |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202752&r=agr |
| By: | Özgür, Didem |
| Abstract: | Geographical indications and designations of origin on agricultural products and foodstuffs are protected according to the Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 (Regulation). The definitions of geographical indications, designations of origin and the cancellation conditions of protected geographical indications and protected designations of origin are one of the controversial issues of the recent regulation. The aim of the paper is to analyze the definition of geographical indications and designations of origin and the cancellation conditions of protected geographical indications and protected designations of origin. The conclusion is composed of ideas and recommendations about the definition and cancellation of protected designations of origin and protected geographical indications. |
| Keywords: | Protected Designation of Origin, Protected Geographical Indication, Cancellation of Protected Designation of Origins, Protected Geographical Indications, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:201397&r=agr |
| By: | Nguyen, Huy |
| Abstract: | This study examines economic performance and household behaviour in multiple crop farming in Vietnam by measuring scale and scope economies, technical efficiency, and elasticities of substitution between inputs. The farming system in Vietnam is being transformed by integration between a set of cash crops and main food cropping operations. This transformation into diversified farming systems, where smallholders have a production base in rice, can affect the economies of scope, technical efficiency, and performance of farms. By using the approach of the input distance function, evidence is found of both scale and scope economies. These findings have important economic performance implications. Substantial technical inefficiency exists in multiple crop farming, which implies that by eliminating technical inefficiency crop, outputs could, in principle, be expanded by 20 per cent. Enhancing education and further land reforms are the main technical efficiency shifters. Evidence is also found for complementary between family labour and other inputs, except hired labour. The findings show further that the more adverse the farm production conditions, the more efficiently resources are allocated. |
| Keywords: | crop diversification, input distance function, elasticity of substitution, stochastic frontier, technical efficiency, economies of scope, and economies of scale, Crop Production/Industries, International Development, O12, O13, O33, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204224&r=agr |
| By: | Rudi, Jeta; Çakir, Metin |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Health Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202717&r=agr |
| By: | Irz, Xavier; Leroy, Pascal; Réquillart, Vincent; Solerb, Louis-Georges |
| Keywords: | Financial Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202718&r=agr |
| By: | Duvaleix-Tréguer, Sabine; Emlinger, Charlotte; Gaigné, Carl; Latouche, Karine |
| Abstract: | The paper questions the impact of quality label on firm export competitiveness in the cheese and cream industry. We use firm level data from the French custom and an original dataset of firms and products concerned by protected designations of origin (PDO). Our econometric estimations shows that PDO labelling impacts both the extensive margin (the number of destinations) and the intensive margin of trade (the value of trade), and increases the average export unit value. The role of label in export performance varies with the market of destination and is more important when exporting to EU countries. |
| Keywords: | Quality Label, PDO, Trade Margin, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200237&r=agr |
| By: | Mecking, Rebecca-Ariane; Roosen, Jutta |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202698&r=agr |
| By: | Gaviglio, Anna; Demartini, Eugenio; Pirani, Alberto; Marescotti, Maria Elena; Bertocchi, Mattia |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202731&r=agr |
| By: | Busch, Gesa; Spiller, Achim |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Farm Management, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202736&r=agr |
| By: | Wrobel, Agata; Lubasz, Dominik |
| Abstract: | Bordeaux, Malaga, Tokay, Madeira and Portwein have become the heroes of another dispute concerning geographical indications. Wine yeasts’ manufacturers have been accused of infringing the reputation of registered designations of origin by marking their products with those well-known names. The case seems obvious, but in-depth analysis raises the question of what is the legitimate scope of protection of designations of origin and geographical indications? The Authors will aim at proving that the scope of the protection of geographical indications should not cause their total exclusion from public domain |
| Keywords: | Wine, Geographical Indications, Reputation, Comparable Product, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200247&r=agr |
| By: | Petit, Michel; Ilbert, Helene |
| Abstract: | In an earlier paper we interpreted the resolution of the 2005 WTO dispute on GIs as a stalemate and suggested a shift of the balance of power in favor of the pro-GI coalition. Since then, international negotiations continue to be stalled. The record of GIs as a tool for the promotion of rural development shows that few non-European GIs have been registered. The case of Morocco illustrates the difficulties faced by a government eager to use GIs as a development instrument. International recognition of GIs is difficult. The TTIP might not resolve institutional and doctrinal GIs problems. |
| Keywords: | Geographical Indication, Rural Development, European Registration, Moroccan Terroir Policy, Bilateral Free Trade Agreement., Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200231&r=agr |
| By: | Kiyama, Shoichi; Akira, Kobayashi |
| Keywords: | Demand and Price Analysis, Environmental Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202724&r=agr |
| By: | Palma, Marco A.; Ness, Meghan L.; Anderson, David P. |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Health Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202566&r=agr |
| By: | Corduas, Marcella |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202701&r=agr |
| By: | Toth, Jozsef |
| Abstract: | Value creation is the result of the continuous innovation activity of the entrepreneur, which is carried out mainly in form of open innovation among the agri-food SMEs. However value creation is not the ultimate goal of the enterprises. They are more interested in increased appropriation of the created value. Although the value creation (innovation) is very well explored and cultivated area of research, there are some voids in the field of agriculture and food industry: the behavioural aspect of open innovation is very rare. The value capturing is even much less studied, therefor our research approach is largely explorative one. Data are drawn from a survey carried out in Hungary among the agri-food SMEs in 2014. We use Structural Equation Modelling as well as ordered probit and semi-non parametric ordered probit models for analysing the data. Our results show that there is positive relationship between the knowledge sharing with chain partners and the innovativeness. We could explore that size of the firm, absorptive capacity and openness to foreign trade ambiguously affects value capturing. However trust in chain partners, reciprocity in knowledge sharing with chain partners and willingness to cooperate with buyers positively influence the appropriation of the created value. |
| Keywords: | value creation, value capturing, agri-food SMEs, structural modelling, behavioural economics, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Development, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204229&r=agr |
| By: | Meyer-Höfer, Marie von; Spiller, Achim |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202747&r=agr |
| By: | Alain Carpentier; Alexandre Gohin |
| Abstract: | Crop rotations are known to have two main kinds of economic effects: direct effects on potential yields and on the productivity of different inputs, and indirect effects on economically optimal input levels, especially pesticides and fertilizers. The main objective of this article is to uncover the mechanisms through which crop rotation effects affect the acreage choices of forward-looking farmers, in a dynamic programming framework. Whereas most models considering acreage choices with crop rotation effects are based on discrete choice models at the plot level, our model considers a farm level strategy. This implies that our theoretical modeling framework is closely related to the models commonly used for empirically investigating farmers’ acreage choices, either in the multicrop econometric literature or in the mathematical programming literature. We provide original results aimed at characterizing the properties of optimal acreage choices accounting for crop rotation effects and constraints in an uncertain context. Using a stochastic programming approach together with a Lagrangian approach we show that optimal dynamic acreage choices can be formally characterized as static acreage choices with contingent renting/lending markets for acreages with specific preceding crops. The crop rotation constraint Lagrange multipliers provide the renting/lending prices of acreages with specific crop histories. The results presented in the article are mainly theoretical. Our modeling framework can easily be implemented in practice since it mainly considers quadratic programming problems and their solution functions. |
| Keywords: | crop rotation, constrained optimization, dynamic programming, stochastic programming, dynamic acreage choice model |
| JEL: | C61 D21 D24 D92 Q12 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rae:wpaper:201504&r=agr |
| By: | Sheahan, Megan; Olwande, John; Kirimi, Lilian; Jayne, Thom S. |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, International Development, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:egtewp:202590&r=agr |
| By: | Santini, Fabien; Guri, Fatmir; Aubard, Audrey; Gomez y Paloma, Sergio |
| Abstract: | One of the goals of geographical indications in the EU is to contribute to rural development of remote and less-favoured areas. On the base of a rough estimation of the uptake of geographical indications in mountain and island areas of the EU, it can be concluded that indeed agricultural and food producers of such areas demonstrate a significantly higher use of geographical indication than average in the EU. However, the differences of geographical features reflect themselves in the fact that this use is not uniform: mountain stakeholders do rely more on geographical indications than islands ones. This is an indication that regional and/or rural policies need to be tailored to the local geographical, economic and social specificities of each area concerned. |
| Keywords: | GIs, Rural Development, European Union, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Political Economy, Public Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:204145&r=agr |
| By: | De Rosa, Marcello; Adinolfi, Felice; Capitanio, Fabian; Paci, Federica; Pantini, Denis |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202734&r=agr |
| By: | Marette, Stéphan; Issanchou, Sylvie; Monnery-Patris, Sandrine; Ginon, Emilie; Sutan, Angela |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202748&r=agr |
| By: | Saint-Cyr, Legrand D.F.; Piet, Laurent |
| Abstract: | The Markov chain model (MCM) has become a popular tool in the agricultural economics literature to describe how farms experience structural change and to study the impact of various drivers of this process, including public support. Even though some studies have accounted for heterogeneity across farms by letting transition probabilities depend on co- variates depicting farms and/or farmers' characteristics, only observed heterogeneity has been considered so far. Assuming that structural change may also relate to unobserved farms and/or farmers' characteristics, we present how to implement the mover-stayer model (MSM) which considers a mixture of two types of farms, the `stayers' who always remain in their initial size category and the `movers' who follow a first-order Markovian process, and how to estimate it thanks to the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. This modeling framework relaxes the assumption of homogeneity in the transition process which grounds the usual MCM. An empirical application to a panel of French farms over 2000-2013 shows that the MSM outperforms the MCM in recovering the underlying year-to-year transition process as well as in deriving the long-run transition matrix and forecasting future farm size distributions. |
| Keywords: | Farm, Unobserved heterogeneity, Markov chain, Mover-stayer model, EM algorithm, Agribusiness, Farm Management, Q12, C15, D92, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204234&r=agr |
| By: | Blandford, David; Gaasland, Ivar; Hassapoyannes, Katharina; Vardal, Erling |
| Abstract: | Agriculture makes a significant contribution to Norway’s emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). Although agriculture accounts for only 0.3 per cent of GDP, it accounts for roughly 8 per cent of total GHG emissions. Norwegian agriculture is dominated by livestock production; ruminants (cattle and sheep) are particularly important. There are opportunities for GHG mitigation under existing technology through changes in agricultural practices. We derive an abatement cost curve for Norway in terms of the change in economic welfare. We require Norway to be self-sufficient in agricultural products; i.e. that domestic production of calories shall be kept at the current level. We use a detailed economic model to assess the impact and welfare implication of a reduction in GHG emissions. We find that a large part of the abatement cost curve is negative due to distortions created by domestic support policies. The practical consequence is that emissions reduction requires that production of grain-based products be increased at the expense of ruminant-based products. |
| Keywords: | greenhouse gas mitigation, economic model, abatement costs, Environmental Economics and Policy, Health Economics and Policy, C61, Q18, Q54, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204211&r=agr |
| By: | O'Connor, Bernard |
| Abstract: | The protection of European Geographical Indications has been a point of conflict between the European Union and the United States for many years. The essential difference is in how GIs should be protected, if they should be protected at all. The US considers that they can be protected as a sub-set of Trade Marks. The EU considers that GIs are a distinct form of Intellectual Property requiring a distinct system of law. The practical issue today is the extent to which EU GIs can be protected in the US. The US seeks to limit the availability of protection on the basis that many EU food names are descriptive of types of foods rather than names specifically linked to a particular origin. For the EU, protection of GIs is a reflection of the EU’s vast food culture and goes hand in hand with the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy. Protection of EU GIs in third countries is a quid pro quo for abandoning the management of production and protection of the EU market. It has not been possible to come to agreement in the WTO Doha Round. Can agreement be found in TTIP? This paper suggests that the solution must be rooted in intellectual property law rather than in agricultural policy |
| Keywords: | TTIP, GIs, CETA, Legal, Agricultural and Food Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Relations/Trade, Political Economy, Public Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:204144&r=agr |
| By: | Micha, Evgenia; Heanue, Kevin |
| Abstract: | Sustainable farming systems are those that are economically profitable, environmentally protective and socially efficient through time, therefor the importance of farm sustainable performance is highly acknowledged, and there are various methods for its measurement and assessment at different spatial levels. The aim of this study is to profile and classify Irish livestock farms according to their performance using farm-level data on profitability, environmental efficiency and social integration derived from the Teagasc National Farm Survey. In contrast to previous research that assesses Irish farms’ sustainable performance at farm level, this study is attempting to create a farm system typology based on farm performance and characteristics. Economic, social and environmental performance indicators are determined and aggregated to be used as the conceptual framework to identify and classify types of farms. A combination of multivariate analysis techniques is developed for the aggregation of indicators and for the creation of farm systems typologies. The results indicate the relation between economic, ecological and social performance of Irish farms and establish a typology of livestock farms that can prove useful for future policy design. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204216&r=agr |
| By: | Sidali, Katia Laura; Granja, Nelson; Monteros, Alvaro; Wilson, Usiña |
| Abstract: | Geographical Indications (GIs) are names of regions, specific places or, in exceptional cases, countries, used to describe an agricultural product or a foodstuff (EC 510/2006, Art. 2). They have received much attention in the last years not only at the European level, where they stem from, but also at different international forums such as at the World International Organization (WTO). Being a particular form of intellectual property these certifications schemes could have the potential to be applied also to non-agrifood commodities or even services. Furthermore, due to the severe menace of biodiversity loss caused by globalization, GIs could serve as a tool to promote biodiversity if linked to plant varieties menaced of disappearance or rare animal species. However, international negotiations to achieve these purposes are long and results are minimal (REF). For these reasons the purpose of this paper is to introduce a new stance to the topic of GIs borrowing from the Latin-american implementation of GIs which in some aspects can be considered quite innovative. In the remainder of this paper the authors will present a short description of GIs as they are discussed at different international forums. Further, the innovative implementation of GIs in Latin America will be illustrated by means of three examples: the Sombrero of Montecristi, the GIs of a Brasilian technology and science park (TSP) and the cacao Arriba. Eventually, some conclusions will be presented. |
| Keywords: | Geographical Indications, WTO, TRIPS, Local Culture, Biodiversity, Latin America, Niche Products, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200345&r=agr |
| By: | Kilcline, Kevin; O'Donoghue, Cathal; Hennessy, Thia; Hynes, Stephen |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the structure and characteristics of the full distribution of sheep farms achieving various levels of financial and technical performance. Analysing data from the Irish panel dataset, the Teagasc National Farm Survey (NFS) shows Irish sheep farms exhibit relatively low level of technical performance and that on-farm technical advances have been stagnant over the past 20 years. NFS data files not previously manipulated for research purposes are used to capture monthly animal data flows for the full sample of NFS sheep farms for the 3 year period 2008 – 2010. Utilising this data we identify and analyse key flock performance indicators including reproduction, mortality rates. These “Livestock Demographic” variables are important indicators for estimating and modelling flock dynamics and production, combining two drivers of flock performance: the biological characteristics of the stock on the farm and the farmers’ flock management practices. Results indicate the potential impacts on farm output and gross margins of improved animal performance which is achievable through specific technology adoptions. |
| Keywords: | Sheep Production, Technical Performance, Gross Margin, Random Effects, Simulation., Agribusiness, Livestock Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204230&r=agr |
| By: | Bell, M.J. |
| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to compare the effect of changing a range of biological traits on farm profit and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG; expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent, CO2-eq.) for dairy cows in Northern Ireland, and also in the whole of the UK. An average cow was modelled for each population of animals, using average values from milk recording records. Previous work developed a dynamic model, to include nutrient partitioning to allow investigation of GHG abatement options over an animal’s lifetime. A Markov chain approach was used to describe the steady-state herd structure, as well as estimate the CO2-eq. emissions per cow and per kilogram of milk solids (MS). The effects of a single phenotypic and genetic standard deviation change in a range of production and fitness traits were assessed. For each dairy cow population, the study will identify traits that will improve production efficiency by bringing about a desirable increase in profit, and reduce average CO2-eq. emissions per cow and per kg MS of herds. Selective breeding and appropriate management can both potentially improve health, fertility and feed utilisation of dairy systems and reduce its environmental impact. |
| Keywords: | dairy cow, biological variation, greenhouse gas emissions, profit., Environmental Economics and Policy, Livestock Production/Industries, Q1, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204238&r=agr |
| By: | Dorothée Boccanfuso (Département d'Économique, Université de Sherbrooke); Luc Savard (Département d'Économique, Université de Sherbrooke); Jonathan Goyette (Département d'Économique, Université de Sherbrooke); Véronique Gosselin (GREDI, Université de Sherbrooke); Clovis Tanekou Mangoua (GREDI, Université de Sherbrooke) |
| Abstract: | Quebec’s forests represent 20% of the Canadian forest and 2% of world forests. They play a major role for habitat preservation, supplying goods and services to the population. Climate change will have an impact on the forest through inter alia increased droughts, forest fires, warmer weather and infestations. In this paper, we analyze the economic impact of CC on the forest industry in Quebec. We perform an economic impact analysis over a 40 year time span with a recursive dynamic CGE model. We find that the climate change effects will be relatively weak on macroeconomic variables as the agents adjust over time and factors move to other sectors but the sectoral effects on the forest industry are relatively important. Length: 40 pages |
| Keywords: | Dynamic computable general equilibrium model, forestry, climate change, Quebec. |
| JEL: | C68 D58 O13 Q54 Q56 |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:shr:wpaper:15-05&r=agr |
| By: | Wynand Carel Johannes Grobler (North West University Vaal Campus); Steve Dunga (North West University Vaal Campus) |
| Abstract: | Food security is one of the most critical problems facing Sub Sahara Africa as more than 45 percent of households have moderate to severe household hunger. The number of poor people living in urban areas is increasing as well as the number of food insecure households, mainly because of the demographic and economic challenges associated with urbanization. The World Bank identified three cornerstones underpinning food security namely, food availability, food accessibility and food utilization. In this context food availability means ensuring sufficient food is available while food accessibility means ensuring enough income to purchase food, and food utilization refer to ensuring quality food. The vulnerability of the poor is sometimes due to unemployment and a lack of sufficient income. This paper focus on food accessibility and how spending patterns of food insecure households may influence food availability in those households. The paper examines the difference in spending patterns of food secure and food insecure households. A quantitative research method was deployed and a stratified random sample of 600 households was used to determine the spending patterns of food secure and food insecure households. Statistical test of significance between the food secure households and food insecure households will be used to see if there is a statistically significant difference in the two groups in their spending patterns. Results show a significant difference between the two groups with regard to spending patterns. Among the policy implications emerging from the study include recommendations for government to develop a more comprehensive strategy, focusing on urban areas in South Africa which includes advocacy with regard to ensuring food security on the household level. |
| Keywords: | Food Insecurity, Poverty, Urban Studies, Socio Economics, Spending Patterns |
| JEL: | D10 D14 I32 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:1003641&r=agr |
| By: | Zhen, Chen; Muth, Mary K.; Karns, Shawn; Brown, Derick; Siegel, Peter |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202702&r=agr |
| By: | Perrea, Toula; Mamalis, Spyridon; Melfou, Katerina; Papanagiotou, Panoraia; Krystallis, Athanasios |
| Abstract: | This work investigates Consumer Value (CV) perceptions towards certified own-country GI food products in the form of trade-offs between perceived Values (i.e. gains) and perceived Costs (i.e. losses) from the consumption of such products. Moreover, it explores the moderating role of Consumer Ethnocentrism (CE) in the way CV perceptions towards own-country GI foods develop. Findings prove the postulated assumption that the work explores, namely that CE operates as an antecedent construct to (positive) consumer attitudes towards own-country GI food products. Accordingly, consumers with high CE values see more perceived Values and less perceived Costs in the choice of own-country GI foods, associating higher overall CV perceptions towards such products compared to consumers who hold weaker CE values. |
| Keywords: | Consumer Ethnocentrism, Perceived Value, Moderation, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa145:200229&r=agr |
| By: | ANNA BRZOZOWSKA (CZESTOCHOWA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY); ALEKSANDER PABIAN (CZESTOCHOWA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY); DAGMARA BUBEL (CZESTOCHOWA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY) |
| Abstract: | Constructing a building that includes a sorting hall, cold stores, hygiene and sanitary facilities and required additional infrastructure is a serious project that has to take into account the provisions of construction law, architectural and construction requirements and principles of the art of construction. A key issue is also cooperation with the general contractor during the whole investment process. When developing a design of a logistics facility the most important thing is to choose appropriate technology to build it. Since building a masonry building – so far most often used technology - takes a long time, investors more and more often use steel or reinforced concrete constructions encased with bonded panels. This technology makes it possible to complete a building in a shorter time, which enables an investor a shorter payback period. Both during designing logistics facilities and choosing finishes mistakes are made, connected in particular with the introduction of systems for food quality and safety, such as: GMP, HACCP, BRC and IFS. With Poland’s accession to the European Union Polish fruit farmers gained access to a large EU agricultural budget, which led to the establishment of producer groups whose importance in terms of the construction of logistics facilities in the sector of fruit farming in Poland should be highlighted. Producer groups can lower production costs and improve the attractiveness of the offer. A producer group, in order to start its operation, needs its own logistics centre. In the current economy, it is not production of goods, but their sale that is a problem. Construction, development or modernisation of storage facilities and storage and sorting halls, especially with support from the EU, enables technological and quality progress in terms of storage and preparation of fruit for sale, which is both a requirement and a big chance for the Polish fruit farming. |
| Keywords: | logistics facility, technology, infrastructure, Polish fruit farming, quality systems |
| JEL: | R40 L91 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:1003754&r=agr |
| By: | Apatov, Eyal; Fabling, Richard; Jaffe, Adam; Morris, Michele; Thirkettle, Matt |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Productivity Analysis, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202516&r=agr |
| By: | Hill, Berkeley; Bradley, Dylan; Williams, Eirwen |
| Abstract: | Demonstrating the impact of Knowledge Transfer activities and advisory services aimed at farmers is important to justify their use in the achievement of policy goals and in the spending of public funds. Experience gained in evaluating Farming Connect in Wales, the programme delivering these services using a wide range of activities, is drawn on to illustrate issues faced in detecting economic impacts at farm and sector levels, in particular in establishing the counterfactual. The various methodological tools employed are compared, including the common but 'naïve' approach of asking farmers about impacts on their business, and the 'quasi-experimental' one of comparing samples of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. Rather different results are obtained (farmer responses suggesting a far greater level of impact) and reasons for these are sought. Lessons have been learned that need to be taken into account in the future design of monitoring and evaluation and for the selection of the types of activities that receive public support. |
| Keywords: | Extension, Knowledge Transfer, Advice, Innovation, Impact, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession, Q12, Q16, H42, H43, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204204&r=agr |
| By: | Srinivasan, C.S. |
| Abstract: | The UK Government’s Responsibility Deals (Food Network) seeks to promote healthier dietary choices by consumers through food industry-led product reformulation initiatives enhancing the availability of healthier foods. Such public-private partnerships based on voluntary action from the food industry are part of the “nudge” agenda and are seen as preferred alternatives to more intrusive regulatory and fiscal interventions in food product markets. This paper develops a framework to assess the potential effectiveness of Responsibility Deals in influencing the population level intakes of energy and nutrients. Our analysis finds that Responsibility Deals, even if wholeheartedly adopted by the food industry, may not necessarily lead to significant reductions in population level energy and nutrient intakes. This is because the effect of product reformulation initiatives is mediated by consumer response to these initiatives both within and across major food product groups. Our results suggest that the major role for Responsibility Deals lies not in “nudging” consumers towards healthier dietary choices, but rather in reversing or halting the trends in food product nutrient composition changes over the last two decades that have rendered adherence to recommended dietary guidelines more difficult for consumers. Discussion paper presented at the 89th Annual Conference of the Agricultural Economics Society, University of Warwick, United Kingdom. April 13-15, 2015 Draft discussion paper: Corresponding author: c.s.srinivasan@reading.ac.uk , School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Health Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204208&r=agr |
| By: | Arnoult, Matthieu H.; Kehlbacher, Ariane; Srinivasan, C.S.; McCloy, Rachel; Tiffin, Richard |
| Abstract: | Excess weight is a problem affecting over half of the British population, with some categories being more at risk than others, in particular in lower socio-economic groups. In that respect, differentiated dietary behaviours are known to contribute to inequalities in health outcomes. Segmentation is increasingly employed as a means of better targeting policy interventions. While conventional segmentation methods divide the population according to their dietary choices or according to socio-demographic characteristics, a potential flaw in this approach is that people may choose to consume a bad diet for entirely different reasons, or that people from different socio-demographic groups may behave in a similar fashion. We use a novel alternative approach which seeks to segment according to peoples dietary preferences. The method estimates a finite mixture of AIDS. We identify segments which have a degree of homogeneity in their food purchases, while remaining heterogeneous in terms of their socio-demographics. The homogeneity of food purchases within components is less than within components identified using k-means clustering of food choices. We argue that this approach will lead to more effective targeted interventions because they would appeal to the reasons for bad dietary choices rather than the choices themselves. |
| Keywords: | dietary guidelines, household food consumption, segmentation, - nite mixtures, demand model, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Health Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204239&r=agr |
| By: | Gregory Briner; Susanne Konrad |
| Abstract: | Land management faces a series of daunting challenges in the 21st century. These include contributing to the global mitigation effort and adaptation needed to prevent dangerous climate change, while providing enough food for a population of 9 billion by 2050 as well as shelter and livelihoods for rural populations and various ecosystem services. The existing mitigation reporting and accounting arrangements for the land sector are complex, not applicable to all Parties, and provide limited scope for pursuing more costeffective accounting approaches that would enable developing countries to address conflicting policy objectives such as addressing climate change while increasing agricultural output. This paper has two aims. The first is to lay out possible elements of a long-term vision for the post-2020 reporting and accounting framework for emissions and removals from the land sector, building on existing experience with reporting and accounting as well as previous studies. The second is to identify possible steps that could be taken at COP 20 in 2014, COP 21 in 2015, and in 2016-2020 to put Parties on a pathway towards realising this vision.<P>Jeter les bases d'un cadre de déclaration et de comptabilisation post-2020 dans le secteur foncier<BR>La gestion des terres est confrontée à une série de défis redoutables au XXIe siècle. Elle doit en effet contribuer à l’effort mondial d’atténuation et d’adaptation nécessaire pour prévenir une évolution dangereuse du climat, tout en assurant une production alimentaire suffisante pour nourrir 9 milliards de personnes en 2050, et en fournissant un habitat et des moyens de subsistance aux populations rurales ainsi que divers services écosystémiques. Les dispositifs existants de déclaration et de comptabilisation des mesures d’atténuation dans le secteur foncier sont complexes, ne sont pas applicables à toutes les Parties et n’offrent guère de possibilités de mettre en oeuvre des méthodes comptables plus efficaces et économes, qui permettraient aux pays en développement de concilier des objectifs contradictoires consistant, par exemple, à faire face au changement climatique tout en augmentant leur production agricole. Ce document a deux objectifs. Le premier consiste à énoncer les éléments possibles d’une vision à long terme du cadre de déclaration et de comptabilisation des émissions et des absorptions du secteur foncier, en s’appuyant sur l’expérience acquise en matière de déclaration et de comptabilisation ainsi que sur des études antérieures. Le second est de définir les mesures qui pourraient être prises à la COP 20 en 2014, à la COP 21 en 2015 et en 2016-2020 afin d’indiquer aux Parties la voie à suivre pour concrétiser cette vision. |
| Keywords: | UNFCCC, land-use change, forestry, land use, climate change, changement climatique, changement d’affectation des terres, comptabilité en matière d’atténuation, utilisation des terres, forêts, CCNUCC |
| JEL: | F53 O44 Q24 Q54 Q56 |
| Date: | 2014–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:envaab:2014/6-en&r=agr |
| By: | Cho, Wonjoo; Blandford, David |
| Abstract: | Bilateral information asymmetry and irreversible practice adoption through agri-environmental policy: an application to peat land retirement in Norway |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Q15, Q38, Q54, D82, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204212&r=agr |
| By: | Dimitri, Carolyn; Oberholtzer, Lydia; Pressman, Andy |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Consumer/Household Economics, Farm Management, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202699&r=agr |
| By: | Nguyen, Huu Nhuan; Van De Fliert, Elske; Nicetic, Oleg |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, International Development, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202563&r=agr |
| By: | Sujata Balasubramanian (Division of Social Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Institute for Emerging Market Studies, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) |
| Abstract: | Critics argue that India’s mismanaged Public Distribution System (PDS), which sells subsidized cereals to poor families, should be replaced by cash transfers. Others fear cash may be misused. Using National Sample Survey data, this paper demonstrates that families treat additional PDS subsidies wholly as a source of cash - exactly like a cash transfer. More worryingly, cereal consumption has not increased, despite higher real subsidies. Moreover, neither the PDS nor cash transfers are likely to raise total food expenditure in poor families. Finally, therefore, the paper explores how higher food consumption and other objectives of PDS subsidies may be achieved |
| Keywords: | public distribution system, food subsidies, cash transfers, India |
| JEL: | H23 H53 H71 D61 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hku:wpaper:201516&r=agr |
| By: | Kostandini, Genti; Abdoulaye, Tahirou; Erenstein, Olaf; Sonder, Kai; Gou, Zhe; Setimela, Peter; Menkir, Abebe |
| Abstract: | We estimate the impact of drought tolerant maize varieties in 13 countries in sub-Saharan Africa using geo referenced farm-trial data from 49 locations in eastern and southern Africa. Planting dates were matched with rainfall data in order to generate better drought risk zones in each country. Maize drought tolerant varieties perform better than popular commercial maize varieties grown in sub-Saharan Africa. Estimates are in the range of $132-$353 million to producers and consumer accruing in the 13 countries during the 2017-2016 period. Analysis of risk based on higher moments of yield distribution points out that there are drought tolerant varieties that have the same level of risk but offer higher overall gains compared to popular commercial varieties. |
| Keywords: | Drought Tolerant Maize, Risk benefits, Higher Moments, Crop Production/Industries, International Development, Q11, Q16, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204219&r=agr |
| By: | Venelin Terziev (Vasil Levski National Military University); Ekaterina Arabska (University of Agribusiness and Regional Development); Vesela Radovic (EDUCONS University) |
| Abstract: | Considering organic production as a system of specific breeding or production of plants and animals, plant or animal products, processing and marketing, the paper discusses risk management in organic farming as a major task in sector development and management on different levels. The questions of risk management are concerned by the point of view that there should be a clear understanding of different sources and kinds of risks, as well as of the complexity of actions and responses. The study presents a summary of the risks in organic production, the relationship risk-profit and the process of risk management in organic farming. |
| Keywords: | risk classification, risk management, risk communication, organic farming |
| JEL: | P49 P49 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:1003048&r=agr |
| By: | Cacchiarelli, Luca; Carbone, Anna; Esti, Marco; Laureti, Tiziana; Sorrentino, Alessandro |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202750&r=agr |
| By: | Huang, Ke; Zhang, An-lu |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202526&r=agr |
| By: | Bareille, Francois; Beaugrand, Florence; Duvaleix-Treguer, Sabine |
| Keywords: | Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204217&r=agr |
| By: | Stergios Tampekis (Department of Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly); Fani Samara (Department of Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly); Stavros Sakellariou (Department of Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly); Olga Christopoulou (Department of Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly) |
| Abstract: | Small islands due to their small size face environmental risks, because of the pressures arising from the projects and actions aiming at economic development. Forests constitute vulnerable ecosystems that change at great speed. In most of the occasions the change is downgrading. The right management of the natural resources is the unique solution for the achievement of sustainable development. However, sustainable management of forests must be achieved with the respect and protection of nature and landscape. Sustainable management of forest resources can only be achieved through a well-organized road network, designed with the optimal spatial variability and the minimum environmental impacts. In this paper, we focus on the intensity criteria evaluation and more specifically on the forest road density, the road spacing and the forest opening-up percentage evaluation. From the road density and the forest protection percentage evaluation, we can deduce that in the study area there have been opened a lot of forest roads. Nevertheless, with the integration of the intensity and the absorption multi-criteria evaluation we can deduce whether the existing forest roads in the study area have been designed with the optimal spatial planning. Consequently, with the application of the optimal spatial planning technique we will ensure the best protection and at the same time the sustainable exploitation of the forest resources. Additionally, it will be valued if there are any impacts to the natural environment and if some of the forest roads had been constructed legally or not according to the guidelines. |
| Keywords: | forest roads’ network, spatial planning, environmental impact, road density, forest opening-up, gis |
| JEL: | Q01 Q23 Q56 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:1003749&r=agr |
| By: | Revell, Brian J. |
| Abstract: | This paper considers a range of issues relating to the contribution of meat consumption and livestock production to global warming given the need highlighted by the Committee on Climate Change (CCC) to reduce global GHG emissions by over 50% by 2050. The IPCC Climate Change 2014 report recognised that demand oriented measures may also contribute to GHG mitigation. The paper reviews a number of studies which examine demand-led mitigation potentials, concluding that such estimates ignore the market effects of changes in meat consumption habits or demand oriented policies. A simple partial equilibrium model of the beef, poultry, pig and ovine meats is developed for the major regions of the world to explore the impact of a range of scenarios which may reduce meat consumption and GHG emissions. These include emissions taxation, long term trend in reduction of red meat consumption in developed economy regions, and supply side improvements in livestock emissions intensities. The paper discusses problems associated with many published demand elasticities suitable for incorporation into a market model, problems of selection from a widely varying published estimates and their appropriateness for longer run projections. The dearth of published supply elasticity estimates is also highlighted. The modelling concludes that economic and population growth to 2050 without any mitigation measures will lead to a 21% increase in meat consumption and a 63% increase in GHG emissions by 2050. However, the mitigation projections from the scenarios explored only generate a 14% reduction in cumulative emissions from the baseline 2050 projections, insufficient to met the CCC target. |
| Keywords: | meat demand, climate change, emissions intensities, elasticities, taxation, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Livestock Production/Industries, Marketing, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204205&r=agr |
| By: | Bernard Fortin; Myra Yazbeck |
| Abstract: | This paper aims at opening the black box of peer effects in adolescent weight gain. Using Add Health data on secondary schools in the U.S., we investigate whether these effects partly flow through the eating habits channel. Adolescents are assumed to interact through a friendship social network. We propose a two-equation model. The first equation provides a social interaction model of fast food consumption. To estimate this equation we use a quasi maximum likelihood approach that allows us to control for common environment at the network level and to solve the simultaneity (reflection) problem. Our second equation is a panel dynamic weight production function relating an individual’s Body Mass Index z-score (zBMI) to his fast food consumption and his lagged zBMI, and allowing for irregular intervals in the data. Results show that there are positive but small peer effects in fast food consumption among adolescents belonging to a same friendship school network. Based on our preferred specification, the estimated social multiplier is 1.15. Our results also suggest that,in the long run, an extra day of weekly fast food restaurant visits increases zBMI by 4.45% when ignoring peer effects and by 5.11%, when they are taken into account. |
| Keywords: | Obesity, overweight, peer effects, social interactions, fast food, spatial models |
| JEL: | C31 I10 I12 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lvl:criacr:1507&r=agr |
| By: | Basole, Amit (University of Massachusetts, Boston); Basu, Deepankar (Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst) |
| Abstract: | This paper contributes to the ongoing debate about economic inequality in India during the post-reform period. We analyze consumption inequality through the hitherto neglected lens of nonfood expenditure. Using household level consumption expenditure data from the quinquennial “thick” rounds of the NSS, we show that inequality within food and non-food groups has declined, even as overall expenditure inequality has increased over time. We suggest that the rise in overall expenditure inequality is due to the increased weight in the household budget of non-food spending, which tends to be more unequal than food spending. We also show that inequality is very different across broad non-food items. Durables, education, healthcare, and consumer services show the most rapid increases in real expenditure, and also display the highest levels of inequality. Finally, we offer some possible mechanisms for this phenomenon and suggest policy measures to deal with this form of inequality. |
| Keywords: | consumption inequality; household data; India |
| JEL: | O15 I31 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ums:papers:2015-06&r=agr |
| By: | Bell, Brian; McDonald, Garry |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Livestock Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202518&r=agr |
| By: | Bell, Brian; McDonald, Garry |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy, Livestock Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202517&r=agr |
| By: | Vollmer, Elisabeth; Hermann, Daniel; Mußhoff, Oliver |
| Keywords: | Financial Economics, Livestock Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202585&r=agr |
| By: | Carfora, V.; Caso, D.; Conner, M. |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Crop Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202754&r=agr |
| By: | Vainio, Annukka; Niva, Mari; Jallinoja, Piia; Latvala, Terhi |
| Keywords: | Crop Production/Industries, Livestock Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202732&r=agr |
| By: | Simanti Banerjee (University of Nebraska-Lincoln); Timothy N. Cason (Purdue University); Frans P. de Vries (University of Stirling); Nick Hanley (Department of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St. Andrews) |
| Abstract: | Agglomeration Bonus (AB) schemes reward private landowners to spatially coordinate land use decisions to enhance the supply of ecosystem services. The AB mechanism creates a coordination game with multiple Pareto ranked Nash equilibria, which correspond to different spatially-coordinated land use patterns. This paper experimentally analyses subjects’ participation decisions, land use choices and AB performance in the presence of transaction costs, with and without the option to communicate with neighboring subjects in a local network setting. The experiment varies transaction costs at two levels (high and low), which affects the risks and payoffs of coordinating on the different equilibria. Results indicate a significant difference in participation under high and low transaction costs in the early stages of the experiment. Increased experience reduces participation rates and AB performance. Costless pre-play communication induces full participation and land use choice pertaining to the efficient Nash equilibrium. If communication is costly, the level of transaction costs affects participation levels, the degree of spatial coordination, and the ecosystem services benefits produced. Our study suggests that performance of Payment for Ecosystem Services schemes in general and the AB scheme in particular can be improved through mechanisms intended to reduce the costs associated with participation and communication. |
| Keywords: | Coordination Games, Lab Experiments, Local Networks, Payment for Ecosystem Services |
| JEL: | C91 D83 D81 Q51 Q |
| Date: | 2015–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sss:wpaper:2015-10&r=agr |
| By: | Bui, Quang Minh; Cacho, Oscar; Villano, Rene; Hadley, David |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Environmental Economics and Policy, International Development, |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aare15:202520&r=agr |
| By: | Bauhardt, Christine; Brückner, Meike; Caglar, Gülay |
| Keywords: | Consumer/Household Economics, Public Economics, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202713&r=agr |
| By: | Schickramm, Lena; Saenz-Segura, Fernando; Schipper, Robert A.; Handgraaf, Michel |
| Abstract: | A successful family farming sector is strategic for developing rural areas, but is is endangered by household-specific market failures, high transaction costs and low bargaining power. Contract farming and collective actions are two common institutional devices for acquiring a level of certainty regarding market information, delivery conditions and procurement prices. Farmers’ associations is one of the common form of collective actions, but faces problems of opportunistic behaviour from their participating members. The intensity of group identity felt by an individual member is an essential determinant of the level of commitment and support granted towards the association. This case study analyzes the interdependence between individual identification intensity and revealed commitment for a commodity specific association that is based on individual membership. Members and non-members of the association participated in a questionnaire followed by a natural field experiment concerning their social identity towards the existing pepper association. By manipulating the social identity variable it could be seen that social identity has an influence on the participation of the individual in the association. This effect could be found for members and non-members alike. Strengthened social identity generally increased the participation of the individual in the organisation. |
| Keywords: | Collective actions, social identity, willingness to participate, pepper, Farm Management, |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aesc15:204235&r=agr |
| By: | Grunert, Klaus G.; Loebnitz, Natascha; Zhou, Yanfeng |
| Keywords: | International Development, Livestock Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:eaa143:202703&r=agr |