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on Economics of Ageing |
| By: | Puga, Dolores |
| Keywords: | CUIDADORES, ENVEJECIMIENTO DE LA POBLACION, ANCIANOS, ASISTENCIA A LOS ANCIANOS, CASAS DE ANCIANOS, CAREGIVERS, DEMOGRAPHIC AGEING, AGEING PERSONS, CARE OF AGEING PERSONS, NURSING HOMES |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48235&r=age |
| By: | Jana Schuetz; Silke Uebelmesser; Ronja Baginski; Carmela Aprea |
| Abstract: | Demographic change has an impact on pay-as-you-go pension systems. To maintain their financial sustainability, reforms are necessary, but often lack public support. Based on representative survey data from Germany, we conduct a survey experiment which allows investigating whether salience of or information about demographic change enhances preferences towards reforms in general as well as towards specific reform measures. We find that salience and information provision significantly increase the perceived reform necessity. Furthermore, salience increases preferences for an increase of the retirement age over other reform measures, while information provision reduces preferences for tax subsidies. In addition, we highlight the impact of prior beliefs on the treatment effects. As the salience and the information treatments barely differ, we conclude that it is not the information about the demographic change, which matters. Rather, being made aware of the challenges of the pension system impacts reform preferences. |
| Keywords: | pension reform preference, survey experiment, demographic change, information provision |
| JEL: | H55 J26 C90 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10072&r=age |
| By: | Konyaev, Maxim |
| Abstract: | Population aging is an importnat socio-demographic problem in Russia |
| Date: | 2022–07–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:mhxe3&r=age |
| By: | Bertoni, Marco (University of Padova); Brunello, Giorgio (University of Padova); Da Re, Filippo (University of Padova) |
| Abstract: | We investigate the effect of postponing minimum retirement age on middle-aged workers' depression. Using pension reforms in several European countries and data from the SHARE survey, we find that depression increases with a longer work horizon, but only among workers employed in occupations with a relatively high risk of automation. We rule out alternatives to this risk, including job strenuousness, education, gender, and the degree of routinization of occupations. We explain our results with the higher job insecurity associated with occupations more exposed to automation. |
| Keywords: | pension reforms, depression, automation, SHARE |
| JEL: | I1 J24 J26 O33 |
| Date: | 2022–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15700&r=age |
| By: | Francisco Cabezon |
| Abstract: | Almost every public pension system shares two attributes: earning deductions to finance benefits, and benefits that depend on earnings. This paper analyzes theoretically and empirically the trade-off between social insurance and incentive provision faced by reforms to these two attributes. First, I combine the social insurance and the optimal linear-income literature to build a model with a flexible pension contribution rate and benefits' progressivity that incorporates inter-temporal and inter-worker types of redistribution and incentive distortion. The model is general, allowing workers to be heterogeneous on productivity and retirement preparedness, and they exhibit present-focused bias. I then estimate the model by leveraging three quasi-experimental variations on the design of the Chilean pension system and administrative data merged with a panel survey. I find that taxable earnings respond to changes in the benefit-earnings link, future pension payments, and net-of-tax rate, which increases the costs of reforms. I also find that lifetime payroll earnings have a strong positive relationship with productivity and retirement preparedness, and that pension transfers are effective in increasing retirement consumption. Therefore, there is a large inter-worker redistribution value through the pension system. Overall, there are significant social gains from marginal reforms: a 1% increase in the contribution rate and in the benefit progressivity generates social gains of 0.08% and 0.29% of the GDP, respectively. The optimal design has a pension contribution rate of 17% and focuses 42% of pension public spending on workers below the median of lifetime earnings. |
| Date: | 2022–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2211.03912&r=age |
| By: | Etxeberria Mauleon, Xabier |
| Keywords: | DISCRIMINACION POR EDAD, ANCIANOS, BIENESTAR SOCIAL, DERECHOS HUMANOS, AGE DISCRIMINATION, AGEING PERSONS, SOCIAL WELFARE, HUMAN RIGHTS |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48231&r=age |
| By: | Elin Halvorsen; Zhiyang Jia; Herman Kruse; Trond C. Vigtel (Statistics Norway) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the substitution between pension wealth and household saving by studying Norway’s 2011 pension reform. The analysis identifies the effect of reductions in social security pension generosity on household saving using cohort, time and sector variation in pension wealth induced by the reform. Our study focuses on saving behavior between ages 57-61 for the 1954-1956 birth cohorts, who are the first three birth cohorts affected by a reduction in future pension wealth due to the reform. We find that they increased their saving rate around 1.2 percentage points (annually) after the reform, which corresponds to a five-year increase in household saving of about 27,000 NOK. When taking into account the remaining life-cycle changes to household saving, this corresponds to an offset effect of about 56 percent of the total loss in pension wealth. |
| Keywords: | Pension reform; household saving; difference-in-difference; quasi-natural experiment |
| JEL: | D14 E21 H55 |
| Date: | 2022–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssb:dispap:989&r=age |
| By: | Cisternas, María Soledad |
| Keywords: | DERECHOS HUMANOS, DISCRIMINACION POR EDAD, ANCIANOS, PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD, ASPECTOS JURIDICOS, ASISTENCIA A LOS ANCIANOS, HUMAN RIGHTS, AGE DISCRIMINATION, AGEING PERSONS, PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, LEGAL ASPECTS, CARE OF AGEING PERSONS |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48229&r=age |
| By: | Zhou, Mi; Sun, Xiaotong; Huang, Li |
| Keywords: | Labor and Human Capital, Health Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:asae21:329417&r=age |
| By: | Sebastian Doerr; Gazi Kabas; Steven Ongena |
| Abstract: | What are the implications of an aging population for financial stability? To examine this question, we exploit geographic variation in aging across U.S. counties. We establish that banks with higher exposure to aging counties increase loan-to-income ratios, especially where they operate no branches. Laxer lending standards also lead to higher nonperforming loans during downturns, suggesting higher credit risk. Inspecting the mechanism shows that aging drives risk-taking through two contemporaneous channels: deposit in ows due to seniors' propensity to save in deposits; and depressed local investment opportunities due to seniors' lower credit demand. Banks thus look for riskier clients in no-branch counties. |
| Keywords: | risk-taking, financial stability, low interest rates, population aging, demographics. |
| JEL: | E51 G21 |
| Date: | 2022–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bis:biswps:1050&r=age |
| By: | Svend E. Hougaard Jensen; Sigurdur P. Olafsson; Arnaldur Stefansson; Thorsteinn Sigurdur Sveinsson; Gylfi Zoega |
| Abstract: | Recently, mandatory pension contributions in the private sector in Iceland were increased substantially while remaining unchanged in the public sector. This constituted a large natural experiment. We study the effects of this experiment on households’ voluntary saving using administrative micro data with comprehensive third-party reported information on taxpayers’ income, assets and debt for all taxpayers in the country. Using difference-in-differences, we find that households do not reduce voluntary saving when faced with a rise in mandatory saving. Our results are confirmed by the finding that workers who move between the public and the private sector, which have different mandatory saving rates, do not change their voluntary saving behavior. Our survey evidence suggests that these findings may be explained by widespread ignorance about the pension system. |
| Keywords: | pension reform, occupational pensions, saving, retirement |
| JEL: | E21 E24 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10061&r=age |
| By: | Costa-Font, Joan; Vilaplana, Cristina |
| Abstract: | Individual preferences for ‘ageing in place’ (AIP) in old age are not well understood. One way to test the strength of AIP preference is to investigate the effect of health shocks on residential mobility to smaller size or value dwellings, which we refer to as 'housing downsizing'. This paper exploits more than a decade worth of longitudinal data to study older people's housing decisions across a wide range of European countries. We estimate the effect of health shocks on the probability of different proxies for housing downsizing (residential mobility, differences in home value, home value to wealth ratio), considering the potential endogeneity of the health shock to examine the persistence of AIP preferences. Our findings suggest that consistently with the AIP hypothesis, every decade of life, the likelihood of downsizing decreases by two percentage points (pp). However, the experience of a health shock partially reverts such culturally embedded preference for AIP by a non-negligible magnitude on residential mobility (9pp increase after the onset of a degenerative illness, 9.3pp for other mental disorders and 6.5pp for ADL), home value to wealth ratio and the new dwelling’s size (0.6 and 1.2 fewer rooms after the onset of a degenerative illness or a mental disorder). Such estimates are larger in northern and central European countries. |
| Keywords: | ageing in place; housing downsizing; health shocks at old age; Europe; residential mobility; mental degenerative mental illness; mental disorder; Elsevier deal |
| JEL: | I18 J61 R31 |
| Date: | 2022–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:116941&r=age |
| By: | Huenchuan, Sandra |
| Keywords: | INSTRUMENTOS INTERNACIONALES, DISCRIMINACION POR EDAD, ANCIANOS, AISLAMIENTO SOCIAL, DERECHOS ECONOMICOS, SOCIALES Y CULTURALES, INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS, AGE DISCRIMINATION, AGEING PERSONS, SOCIAL ISOLATION, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48228&r=age |
| By: | Argentieri, Constanza |
| Keywords: | ESTUDIOS DE CASOS, SEGURIDAD SOCIAL, ANCIANOS, DERECHOS HUMANOS, ADELANTO DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS, INSTITUCIONES DE DERECHOS HUMANOS, CASE STUDIES, SOCIAL SECURITY, AGEING PERSONS, HUMAN RIGHTS, HUMAN RIGHTS ADVANCEMENT, HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48248&r=age |
| By: | Huenchuan, Sandra |
| Keywords: | CONDICIONES DE SALUD, SALUD, DERECHO A LA VIDA, ANCIANOS, ATENCION MEDICA, CONSENTIMIENTO FUNDAMENTADO, HEALTH CONDITIONS, HEALTH, RIGHT TO LIFE, AGEING PERSONS, MEDICAL TREATMENT, INFORMED CONSENT |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48232&r=age |
| By: | Heredia, Luis |
| Keywords: | ANCIANOS, CAMBIO CLIMATICO, ASPECTOS MEDICOS, EVALUACION DEL IMPACTO AMBIENTAL, AGEING PERSONS, CLIMATE CHANGE, MEDICAL ASPECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48244&r=age |
| By: | Fallas Vargas, Gustavo; Fajardo, Anahí |
| Keywords: | ADMINISTRACION DE JUSTICIA, ANCIANOS, DERECHOS HUMANOS, JUSTICIA, ESTADISTICAS JUDICIALES, ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE, AGEING PERSONS, HUMAN RIGHTS, JUSTICE, JUDICIAL STATISTICS |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48247&r=age |
| By: | Pastrana, Tania |
| Keywords: | DERECHO A LA SALUD, SERVICIOS DE SALUD, ANCIANOS, CALIDAD DE LA VIDA, DERECHOS ECONOMICOS, SOCIALES Y CULTURALES, RIGHT TO HEALTH, HEALTH SERVICES, AGEING PERSONS, QUALITY OF LIFE, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48239&r=age |
| By: | Rovira, Adriana |
| Keywords: | ANCIANOS, PARTICIPACION POPULAR, ASPECTOS SOCIALES, DERECHOS ECONOMICOS, SOCIALES Y CULTURALES, AGEING PERSONS, POPULAR PARTICIPATION, SOCIAL ASPECTS, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48236&r=age |
| By: | Gonzaga, Marcos Roberto; Queiroz, Bernardo L (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil); Monteiro da Silva, José H C; Lima, Everton; Júnio, Walter P. Silva; DIOGENES, VICTOR HUGO DIAS; Flores-Ortiz, Renzo; da Costa, Lilia Carolina Carneiro; Junior, Elzo Pereira Pinto; Ichihara, Maria Yury |
| Abstract: | Background: Small area age- and sex-specific mortality rates are useful measures for population projections, health, economic, and social planning. Mortality rate estimation in small areas can be difficult due the low number of events/exposure. If a country’s mortality registration has problems, such as incomplete information, then estimating mortality rates can be even more difficult. Previous studies in Brazil have combined demographic and statistical methods to overcome these issues. These approaches depend on a gold standard for age-specific mortality rates and do not estimate uncertainties. We estimated age- and sex-specific mortality rates for all 5,565 Brazilian municipalities in 2010, and forecasted mortality rates between 2010 and 2030. Methods: We used the Tool for Projecting Age-Specific Rates Using Linear Splines (TOPALS) and a Bayesian model to estimate age- and sex-specific mortality rates in all Brazilian municipalities in 2010 while incorporating two types of uncertainties: low exposure and incomplete coverage of death counts. We adapted the Lee-Carter model to forecast age- and sex-specific mortality rates between 2010 and 2030 for all municipalities. Results: The proposed methodology was robust in adjusting for the mortality age profile and in estimating mortality rate uncertainties at the municipal level. The forecasted mortality rates indicated a convergence in life expectancy at birth, and variability of age at death across Brazil’s municipalities, with a persistent sex differential. Conclusion: We estimated and forecasted mortality rates in small areas with limited and incomplete death counts, and high mortality heterogeneity. The methodological approach applied could be useful for countries with death data quality problems similar to Brazil. Our results incorporated the main sources of uncertainty in estimating age- and sex-specific mortality rates and could be used as an important input for policy planning at the municipal level. |
| Date: | 2022–09–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:egrc9&r=age |
| By: | Peter A. Forsyth; Kenneth R. Vetzal; G. Westmacott |
| Abstract: | We consider the holder of an individual tontine retirement account, with maximum and minimum withdrawal amounts (per year) specified. The tontine account holder initiates the account at age 65, and earns mortality credits while alive, but forfeits all wealth in the account upon death. The holder desires to maximize total withdrawals, and minimize the expected shortfall, assuming the holder survives to age 95. The investor controls the amount withdrawn each year and the fraction of the investments in stocks and bonds. The optimal controls are determined based on a parametric model fitted to almost a century of market data. The optimal control algorithm is based on dynamic programming and solution of a partial integro differential equation (PIDE) using Fourier methods. The optimal strategy (based on the parametric model) is tested out of sample using stationary block bootstrap resampling of the historical data. In terms of an expected total withdrawal, expected shortfall (EW-ES) efficient frontier, the tontine overlay greatly outperforms an optimal strategy (without the tontine overlay), which in turn outperforms a constant weight strategy with withdrawals based on the ubiquitous four per cent rule. |
| Date: | 2022–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2211.10509&r=age |
| By: | Rivera, Miguel |
| Keywords: | ALFABETIZACION EN MATERIA DE COMPUTACION, TECNOLOGIA DE LA INFORMACION, TECNOLOGIA DE LAS COMUNICACIONES, ANCIANOS, BRECHA DIGITAL, COMPUTER LITERACY, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, AGEING PERSONS, DIGITAL DIVIDE |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48243&r=age |
| By: | Díaz-Tendero, Aída |
| Keywords: | ASPECTOS JURIDICOS, ANCIANOS, DERECHO AL TRABAJO, DERECHOS ECONOMICOS, SOCIALES Y CULTURALES, IGUALDAD DE OPORTUNIDADES, LEGAL ASPECTS, AGEING PERSONS, RIGHT TO WORK, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS, EQUAL OPPORTUNITY |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48245&r=age |
| By: | Ake-Kob, Alin; Aleksic, Slavisa; Alexin, Zoltán; Blaževičienė, Aurelija; Čartolovni, Anto; Colonna, Liane; Dantas, Carina; Fedosov, Anton; Fosch-Villaronga, Eduard; Florez-Revuelta, Francisco; He, Zhicheng; Jevremović, Aleksandar; Klimczuk, Andrzej; Kuźmicz, Maksymilian; Lambrinos, Lambros; Lutz, Christoph; Malešević, Anamaria; Mekovec, Renata; Miguel, Cristina; Mujirishvili, Tamar; Pajalic, Zada; Perez Vega, Rodrigo; Pierscionek, Barbara; Ravi, Siddharth; Sarf, Pika; Solanas, Agusti; Tamò-Larrieux, Aurelia |
| Abstract: | In this position paper, we have used Alan Cooper's persona technique to illustrate the utility of audio- and video-based AAL technologies. Therefore, two primary examples of potential audio- and video-based AAL users, Anna and Irakli, serve as reference points for describing salient ethical, legal and social challenges related to use of AAL. These challenges are presented on three levels: individual, societal, and regulatory. For each challenge, a set of policy recommendations is suggested. |
| Keywords: | ethics,privacy,computer vision,audio processing,active assisted living,active ageing,silver economy |
| JEL: | J14 L86 M14 O18 O33 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:266350&r=age |
| By: | Fang, Pingping; Wang, Yiwen; Abler, David; Quan, Quan; Lin, Guanghua |
| Keywords: | Labor and Human Capital, Land Economics/Use |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:asae21:329418&r=age |
| By: | Pereira, Joanna |
| Keywords: | DERECHO A LA SALUD, ACCESO A LA INFORMACION, INSTRUMENTOS INTERNACIONALES, CONSENTIMIENTO FUNDAMENTADO, ETICA MEDICA, ANCIANOS, DERECHOS ECONOMICOS, SOCIALES Y CULTURALES, RIGHT TO HEALTH, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS, INFORMED CONSENT, MEDICAL ETHICS, AGEING PERSONS, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48233&r=age |
| By: | Orosa, Teresa; Sánchez, Laura |
| Keywords: | DERECHO A LA EDUCACION, COVID-19, EDUCACION DE ADULTOS, ANCIANOS, DESARROLLO HUMANO, BIENESTAR SOCIAL, RIGHT TO EDUCATION, COVID-19, ADULT EDUCATION, AGEING PERSONS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL WELFARE |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:48237&r=age |
| By: | Lin, Zhuoer (Yale University); Ba, Fang (Yale University); Allore, Heather (Yale University); Liu, Gordon G. (Peking University); Chen, Xi (Yale University) |
| Abstract: | Dementia leads public health issue worldwide. China has the largest population of adults living with dementia in the world, imposing increasing burdens on the public health and healthcare systems. Despite improved access to health services, inadequate and uneven dementia management remains common. We document the provincial-level geographic patterns in healthcare utilization, outcomes, and costs for patients hospitalized for dementia in China. Regional patterns demonstrate gaps in equity and efficiency of dementia care and management for dementia patients. Health policy and practices should consider geographic disparities in disease burden and healthcare provision to promote equitable allocation of resources for dementia care throughout China. |
| Keywords: | dementia, health care, hospitalization, inpatient costs, in-hospital mortality, geographic variation |
| JEL: | J14 I11 I14 I18 H75 |
| Date: | 2022–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15709&r=age |
| By: | Bich, Nguyen Thi Ngoc |
| Abstract: | This research studies whether the Vietnamese pension reforms, with the World Bank as an active agent, have taken into account the concerns and expectations of an important stakeholder group: the Vietnamese people. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and a survey of Vietnamese people. The findings from interviews and the survey were analysed with reference to the World Bank’s proposals for Viet Nam and changes in Vietnamese legislation. The aim of the research is to explore the extent to which the World Bank, with its global power, and the Vietnamese government, with its dependence on global finance and technical knowledge, have responded to concerns and expectations of Vietnamese people. |
| Date: | 2022–09–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ybja3&r=age |