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on Economics of Ageing |
| By: | Hollingsworth, Bruce (Lancaster University); Ohinata, Asako (University of Leicester); Picchio, Matteo (Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona); Walker, Ian (Lancaster University) |
| Abstract: | We show that a Scottish policy reform, which introduced free formal personal home care for those aged 65 and above, reduced the probability and the hours of receiving informal personal care. Moreover, we find that the group of individuals that most benefited from the policy introduction, i.e. women aged 75 and above, experienced the largest fall in informal care. We go on to investigate whether such reductions in informal and increases in formal personal care impacted on the care recipients' health outcomes. Our results demonstrate that switching from informal to formal care does very little to the recipients' hospital usage and health outcomes. |
| Keywords: | long-term elderly care, ageing, financial support, difference-in-differences |
| JEL: | C21 D14 I18 J14 |
| Date: | 2022–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15457&r= |
| By: | Ian Burn; Daniel Firoozi; Daniel Ladd; David Neumark |
| Abstract: | Correspondence studies have found evidence of age discrimination in callback rates for older workers, but less is known about whether job advertisements can themselves shape the age composition of the applicant pool. We construct job ads for administrative assistant, retail, and security guard jobs, using language from real job ads collected in a prior large-scale correspondence study (Neumark et al., 2019a). We modify the job-ad language to randomly vary whether or not the job ad includes ageist language regarding age-related stereotypes. Our main analysis relies on machine learning methods to design job ads based on the semantic similarity between phrases in job ads and age-related stereotypes. In contrast to a correspondence study in which job searchers are artificial and researchers study the responses of real employers, in our research the job ads are artificial and we study the responses of real job searchers. We find that job-ad language related to ageist stereotypes, even when the language is not blatantly or specifically age-related, deters older workers from applying for jobs. The change in the age distribution of applicants is large, with significant declines in the average and median age, the 75th percentile of the age distribution, and the share of applicants over 40. Based on these estimates and those from the correspondence study, and the fact that we use real-world ageist job-ad language, we conclude that job-ad language that deters older workers from applying for jobs can have roughly as large an impact on hiring of older workers as direct age discrimination in hiring. |
| JEL: | J14 J6 J7 J78 |
| Date: | 2022–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:30287&r= |
| By: | Naheed Ahmed; Christian Boxley; Ram Dixit; Seth Krevat; Allan Fong; Raj M. Ratwani; Deliya Banda Wesley |
| Abstract: | The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the effectiveness of a COVID-19 vaccine text outreach approach for patients aged 65 years and older. |
| Keywords: | vaccine outreach, text messaging, elderly patients, evaluation, smartphone, text message, SMS, appointment, elderly, older adults, vaccine, effectiveness, engagement, cross-sectional |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:4302aebf14124f5baf51e11dd0993d7a&r= |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | Selected Issues |
| Keywords: | measurement bias; I. pension system; income balance; saving-investment gap; reversal episode; Current account surpluses; Income; Current account; Wages; Trade balance; Global |
| Date: | 2022–06–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2022/170&r= |
| By: | Mesa-Lago, Carmelo |
| Abstract: | En los últimos cuatro decenios, tres acontecimientos han impactado los principios de seguridad social emanados de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT): cobertura, solidaridad social e igualdad de género, suficiencia de las prestaciones, administración eficiente y a un costo razonable, y sostenibilidad financiera-actuarial. Los tres acontecimientos, enfocándose en las pensiones de seguridad social en América Latina, son: las reformas estructurales en once países, las cuales transformaron los sistemas “públicos” de beneficio definido (BD), riesgo colectivo y administración por el seguro social, en sistemas “privados” de contribución definida (CD), capitalización plena con cuentas individuales y gestión por corporaciones privadas; la epidemia mundial del COVID-19 y la crisis económica subsiguiente, y el proceso de envejecimiento demográfico. En este documento se analizan en detalle los tres acontecimientos. |
| Keywords: | SEGURIDAD SOCIAL, PENSIONES, COVID-19, VIRUS, EPIDEMIAS, ASPECTOS SOCIALES, REFORMA ECONOMICA, SECTOR PRIVADO, POLITICA SOCIAL, SOCIAL SECURITY, PENSIONS, COVID-19, VIRUSES, EPIDEMICS, SOCIAL ASPECTS, ECONOMIC REFORM, PRIVATE SECTOR, SOCIAL POLICY |
| Date: | 2022–07–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col041:48004&r= |