|
on Economics of Ageing |
| By: | Andrea Cegolon (Department of Political Science, Communication and International Relations, University of Macerata, and PhD candidate, University College London); Andrew Jenkins (Social Research Institute, University College London) |
| Abstract: | We examine the relationship between different types of cognitively stimulating activities (CSAs) and cognitive function in a sample of community-dwelling Europeans aged 50 and older. The data were drawn from the fourth, fifth and sixth waves of the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The cognitive activities analysed were: educational and training courses; reading books, newspapers and magazines; word or number games (such as crossword puzzles or Sudoku); and playing chess or cards. The cognitive function outcomes under investigation were memory and verbal fluency. Our longitudinal analysis of changes in cognitive abilities show that CSAs can constitute a potential source for the delay or reduction of cognitive decline, even after a short period - only 4 years - of engagement in such activities and regardless of one’s age. |
| Keywords: | ageing, cognitive decline, memory, verbal fluency, cognitively stimulating activities |
| JEL: | J14 J26 I12 I21 |
| Date: | 2021–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qss:dqsswp:2115&r= |
| By: | Westerhout, Ed (Tilburg University, Center For Economic Research); Meijdam, Lex (Tilburg University, Center For Economic Research); Ponds, Eduard (Tilburg University, Center For Economic Research); Bonenkamp, Jan |
| Keywords: | PAYG; Funding; Pensions; Aaron Rule |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiucen:63418f60-e248-4dc9-aac8-ffefd6da93a4&r= |
| By: | Boehm, Michael; Siegel, Christian |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the impact of demographic change on experienced workers' relative wages and employment rates. We investigate empirical predictions from a framework of supply and demand for experience skill, using variation across U.S. local labor markets (LLMs) over the last decades and instrumenting experience skill supply by the LLMs' age structures a decade earlier. We find that aging substantially reduces experienced workers' relative wages and full-time employment rates, and also their labor market participation rates. Our results imply that the effect of demographic change on labor markets might be more severe than previously recognized, as it reaches beyond wages. |
| Keywords: | Demographic Change; Employment of Experienced Workers; Return to Experience |
| JEL: | J11 J21 J31 |
| Date: | 2021–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:15953&r= |
| By: | Ueno, Yuko; Usui, Emiko |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we examine the relationship between childcare given by a grandmother and her employment and mental health, using the 2005–2009 waves of the Longitudinal Survey of Middle-Aged and Older Adults, a large and nationally representative panel survey of those aged 50-59 in 2005. We find that when a grandmother provides childcare to grandchildren under the age of 6, the probability of her being employed is reduced by 3.8 percentage points, after we control for time-invariant individual heterogeneity. For those working grandmothers, caring for small grandchildren reduces hours worked per week by just 0.79, and days per week by just 0.069, reductions that are small in magnitude. We also observe that caregiving for small grandchildren is insignificantly related to any psychological distress of grandmothers., 本稿では、2005－2009年の厚生労働省「中高年者縦断調査」結果を用いて、孫の 育児と祖母の就業やメンタルヘルスとの関係を検証した。同調査は、2005年時点で5 0代であった人々を対象とした全国を対象とする大規模調査である。時点間で不変の個人 属性をコントロールした分析の結果、祖母が6歳未満の孫の育児を行うと、その就業確率 は3.8パーセントポイント低下することが明らかになった。就業している祖母について は、6歳未満の孫の育児の週当たり就業時間への影響は0.79時間の減少、週当たり就 業日数への影響は0.069日の減少にとどまり、ごくわずかであった。加えて、6歳未 満の孫の育児と精神的な負担との関係は有意にはみられなかった。 |
| Keywords: | Childcare, Grandmothers, Employment, Work hours, Labor supply, Mental health, 育児, 祖母, 就業, 就業時間, 労働供給, メンタルヘルス |
| JEL: | J22 J14 |
| Date: | 2021–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:cisdps:691&r= |
| By: | Nicole Halmdienst; Gerald J. Pruckner; Rudolf Winter-Ebmer |
| Abstract: | We examine the personal health situation and how the complexities thereof affect the elderly Austrians' willingness to accept electronic health records (EHR). Using data from the sixth wave of the SHARE survey in Austria, we find the complexity of individual health problems and the social integration of individuals in uencing the acceptance of EHR. The more the diagnoses of a patient, the more the medication she has to take, and the more often the treatment of a person in hospital, the higher is the acceptance of EHR. Having a chronic illness has a positive effect on EHR acceptance, whereas a pessimistic attitude and lack of joy in life, as indicators of depressive mood, have a negative impact. The results are mainly driven by females and younger patients aged between 50 and 70. People with poor social connection express lower acceptance of EHR. |
| Keywords: | Electronic health records, health status, social connectedness, SHARE survey. |
| JEL: | I11 I12 I18 |
| Date: | 2021–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jku:econwp:2021-10&r= |
| By: | Dahl, Gordon; Knepper, Matthew |
| Abstract: | We test whether age discrimination rises during recessions using two complementary analyses. EEOC microdata reveal that age-related firing and hiring charges rise by 3.4% and 1.4%, respectively, for each percentage point increase in a state-industry's monthly unemployment. Though the opportunity cost of filing falls, the fraction of meritorious claims increases-a sufficient condition for rising discrimination under mild assumptions. Second, we repurpose data from hiring correspondence studies conducted across different cities and time periods during the recovery from the Great Recession. Each percentage point increase in local unemployment reduces the callback rate for older versus younger women by 15%. |
| Keywords: | age discrimination; Recessions |
| JEL: | J23 J64 J71 |
| Date: | 2021–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:15760&r= |
| By: | Turra, Cassio M.; Fernandes, Fernando |
| Abstract: | En los últimos 50 años, la región de América Latina y el Caribe ha experimentado rápidos cambios demográficos, sociales, económicos y políticos. Sin embargo, y no obstante la reducción de la pobreza, los progresos en la prestación de los servicios básicos a la población y las mejoras en materia de educación, salud e igualdad de género, persisten diversos desafíos. En particular, la desigualdad a nivel intergeneracional e intergeneracional sigue siendo alta. Además, en la mayoría de los casos, la transición demográfica ha sido más veloz que la capacidad de las sociedades de propiciar las condiciones para el desarrollo sostenible. Las mediciones de bienestar varían en función de la edad, el género y otras dimensiones demográficas. Por ende, el progreso hacia la consecución de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) está indisolublemente ligado a las tendencias demográficas, y si desean aprovechar al máximo las oportunidades y responder a los nuevos desafíos que entraña la transición demográfica, las sociedades deben adoptar políticas que les permitan adelantarse a la dinámica de la población. La Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible también se ve afectada por la manera en que las familias, los gobiernos y el mercado distribuyen los recursos dentro de los grupos de edad y entre ellos. Los extensos cambios demográficos podrían exigir la introducción de ajustes a los programas de forma que se asignen recursos a lo largo del ciclo de vida, lo que en última instancia permitirá combatir la desigualdad y asegurar que el desarrollo sostenible se lleve adelante con éxito. |
| Keywords: | POBLACION, DINAMICA DE LA POBLACION, ENVEJECIMIENTO DE LA POBLACION, ANCIANOS, NIÑOS, ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS, CUENTAS NACIONALES, AGENDA 2030 PARA EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, TENDENCIAS DEMOGRAFICAS, POPULATION, POPULATION DYNAMICS, DEMOGRAPHIC AGEING, AGEING PERSONS, CHILDREN, ECONOMIC ASPECTS, NATIONAL ACCOUNTS, 2020 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS, POPULATION TRENDS |
| Date: | 2021–04–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col022:46805&r= |
| By: | Diane Rittenhouse; Alexandra Ament; Janice Genevro; Kara Contreary |
| Abstract: | California is facing a health workforce crisis. There are not enough health workers to meet the needs of its increasingly diverse, growing, and aging population, and the situation is worsening. |
| Keywords: | Workforce strategies, California |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:899af31091234b25b0ef9f214bcf80e8&r= |
| By: | Begenau, Juliane; Siriwardane, Emil N |
| Abstract: | We provide evidence that investment fees vary within private equity funds. Net-of-fee return clustering suggests that 70% of funds group investors into two fee-tiers that vary along both fixed and variable components. Managers of venture capital funds and those with high past performance are less likely to tier their investors. Some investors consistently earn higher net-of-fee returns relative to others within their funds. Investor size, experience, and past performance explain some but not all of this effect, suggesting that unobserved traits like negotiation skill or bargaining power materially impact the fees investors pay in private equity. |
| Keywords: | Fee Dispersion; private equity; Public Pensions; Search and Negotiation Frictions |
| Date: | 2021–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:15883&r= |